Frontiers in Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Serum-derived exosomal microRNAs as biomarkers for postoperative delirium.","authors":"Maokai Xu, Yingjie Chen, Yujun Lin, Danfeng Wang, Xiaochun Zheng","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1525230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1525230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Postoperative delirium (POD) is a frequent and challenging complication in elderly surgical patients, marked by abrupt cognitive and attentional disturbances. Current POD diagnosis depends on clinical assessments that are time-intensive and lack predictive accuracy before surgery. Although previous research has explored biomarkers such as neuroinflammatory factors and Alzheimer's-related proteins to enhance POD prediction, single molecular markers have proven insufficient for reliable prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study investigated serum exosomal miRNA expression profiles in postoperative patients to assess their association with POD. We compared miRNA expression between POD and non-POD groups through cognitive assessments and serum analyses. Additionally, enrichment analysis was conducted to determine the biological pathways regulated by differentially expressed miRNAs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis identified 57 miRNAs with significantly altered expression between POD and non-POD patients, including 16 upregulated and 41 downregulated miRNAs in the POD group. Enrichment analysis revealed that these miRNAs are involved in genes regulating neurotrophin signaling, neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, and pathways that influence neuronal plasticity and cell viability.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study highlights specific miRNAs as potential biomarkers for POD and suggests their involvement in the underlying mechanisms of cognitive decline following surgery. By enhancing diagnostic capabilities and identifying potential therapeutic targets, our findings could lead to more effective POD management strategies for elderly patients. Further research is recommended to validate these miRNAs and evaluate their clinical utility for predictive screening and therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1525230"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143648236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trajectories of working memory and decision making abilities along juvenile development in mice.","authors":"Ann Marlene Thies, Irina Pochinok, Annette Marquardt, Maria Dorofeikova, Ileana L Hanganu-Opatz, Jastyn A Pöpplau","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1524931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1524931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rodents commonly serve as model organisms for the investigation of human mental disorders by capitalizing on behavioral commonalities. However, our understanding of the developmental dynamics of complex cognitive abilities in rodents remains incomplete. In this study, we examined spatial working memory as well as odor-and texture-based decision making in mice using a delayed non-match to sample task and a two-choice set-shifting task, respectively. Mice were investigated during different stages of development: pre-juvenile, juvenile, and young adult age. We show that, while working memory abilities in mice improve with age, decision making performance peaks during juvenile age by showing a sex-independent trajectory. Moreover, cFos expression, as a first proxy for neuronal activity, shows distinct age-and brain area-specific changes that relate to task-specific behavioral performance. The distinct developmental trajectories of working memory and decision making in rodents resemble those previously reported for humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1524931"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143648242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photochemically induced thrombosis combined with chronic restraint stress for modeling post-stroke depression in mice.","authors":"Tumarisi Tuersunjiang, Qingchen Wang, Zhengzheng Wang, Feng Gao, Zhengchun Wang","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1547551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1547551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder associated with impaired recovery in stroke survivors, potentially linked to dysregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). This study aimed to establish a novel animal model of PSD by integrating ischemic brain injury with chronic psychological stress.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mice were subjected to photochemically induced thrombosis (PIT) to generate focal ischemic lesions in the parietal lobe, followed by chronic restraint stress (CRS) to simulate post-stroke psychological stress. Behavioral assessments (sucrose preference test, forced swim test, tail suspension test) and molecular analyses (BDNF, synaptophysin [SYP], interleukin-1 [IL-1], tumor necrosis factor-<i>α</i> [TNF-<i>α</i>]) were conducted to evaluate depressive-like phenotypes and neuroinflammatory markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PIT model produced consistent ischemic damage, with an average infarct area of 2.580 ± 0.426% in the parietal lobe. Mice exposed to PIT-CRS exhibited significant depressive-like behaviors, including reduced sucrose preference (<i>p</i> < 0.001), increased immobility time in the forced swim test (<i>p</i> = 0.056), and prolonged immobility in the tail suspension test (<i>p</i> = 0.168) compared to the Sham group. Molecular analyses revealed marked downregulation of BDNF (<i>p</i> = 0.004) and SYP (<i>p</i> = 0.074), alongside upregulated IL-1 (<i>p</i> = 0.024) and TNF-α (<i>p</i> = 0.368) levels in the PIT-CRS group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PIT-CRS model provides a comprehensive and reproducible platform for studying PSD. By integrating both ischemic injury and chronic stress, this model captures the multifaceted nature of PSD and offers valuable insights into its pathophysiology. Future research using this model could pave the way for the development of targeted therapies for PSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1547551"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143648201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the impact of reconstitution therapies-cladribine tablets and alemtuzumab-on the atrophy progression among patients with relapse-remitting multiple sclerosis.","authors":"Aleksandra Pogoda-Wesołowska, Ignacy Stachura, Arkadiusz Zegadło, Marzena Maciągowska-Terela, Karolina Sobolewska, Aleksander Dębiec, Jacek Staszewski, Adam Stępień","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1531163","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1531163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Immune reconstitution therapies (IRT) are highly effective therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS). Among IRT, we can distinguish partially selective therapies such as cladribine in tablets (CLAD) and non-selective therapies, which include alemtuzumab (ALEM). Today, it is known that these therapies are effective in controlling the relapse activity of the disease and the progression of clinical disability, which has been proven both in clinical trials and in real world evidence (RWE). However, there is a lack of data assessing the effect of IRT on the neurodegenerative process, which is intensified in patients with MS. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of IRT treatment on the degree and pattern of brain atrophy in patients with MS during 3 years of observation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) treated with CLAD and ALEM were retrospectively recruited for the study. Demographic, clinical, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were collected at 4 time points: before the treatment and one, two, and three years after the treatment. MRI examinations were analyzed volumetrically using Freesurfer software. Global and regional changes in atrophy were assessed by calculating percentage changes in volume between time points. Results of drug groups were compared with each other.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 3 years of follow-up, statistically significant differences between groups were observed in hippocampus [<i>p</i> < 0.01] and amygdala volume changes [<i>p</i> < 0.01]. Ventral diencephalon atrophy was noted in both groups. On the other hand, in both groups, no significant atrophy of white and grey matter was noted. In addition, an increase in the thalamus volume was observed.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In the studied groups, IRT therapies were shown to slow down the atrophy process in MS patients to a similar extent. These therapies may play a neuroprotective role by increasing the volume of the thalamus and hippocampus. The study was limited by the small number of both groups. Therefore, further studies are needed to fully assess the effect of reconstitution therapies on neurodegenerative processes in patients with RRMS.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1531163"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compact and low-power wireless headstage for electrocorticography recording of freely moving primates in a home cage.","authors":"Taro Kaiju, Masato Inoue, Masayuki Hirata, Takafumi Suzuki","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1491844","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1491844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Wireless electrocorticography (ECoG) recording from unrestrained nonhuman primates during behavioral tasks is a potent method for investigating higher-order brain functions over extended periods. However, conventional wireless neural recording devices have not been optimized for ECoG recording, and few devices have been tested on freely moving primates engaged in behavioral tasks within their home cages.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a compact, low-power, 32-channel wireless ECoG headstage specifically designed for neuroscience research. To evaluate its efficacy, we established a behavioral task setup within a home cage environment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The developed headstage weighed merely 1.8 g and had compact dimensions of 25 mm × 16 mm × 4 mm. It was efficiently powered by a 100-mAh battery (weighing 3 g), enabling continuous recording for 8.5 h. The device successfully recorded data from an unrestrained monkey performing a center-out joystick task within its home cage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The device demonstrated excellent capability for recording ECoG data from freely moving primates in a home cage environment. This versatile device enhances task design freedom, decrease researchers' workload, and enhances data collection efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1491844"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding tinnitus progression: neurochemical shifts in the anterior cingulate cortex revealed by magnetic resonance spectroscopy.","authors":"Mengfang Gong, Shuting Han, Yongcong Shen, Yonggang Li, Ji-Sheng Liu, Duo-Duo Tao","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1551106","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1551106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tinnitus persists as a significant public health challenge with elusive neurochemical underpinnings. Emerging evidence implicates dysregulated excitatory-inhibitory neurotransmission in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a limbic-auditory hub governing tinnitus salience. This study investigates dynamic ACC neurochemical changes during tinnitus progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using single-voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), GABA+/creatine (Cr) and Glx (glutamate+glutamine)/Cr ratios were measured in the ACC of 16 recent-onset (RO; <6 months), 22 chronic (CH; ≥6 months) tinnitus patients, and 26 healthy controls (HC). Tinnitus severity was assessed via tinnitometry and Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RO patients exhibited significantly reduced ACC GABA+/Cr compared to CH and HC groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while CH and HC showed no differences. GABA+/Cr positively correlated with tinnitus duration across patients (<i>r</i> = 0.364, <i>p</i> = 0.025). Although Glx/Cr did not differ between groups, elevated Glx/Cr associated with higher tinnitus pitch-matching frequencies (r = 0.421, <i>p</i> = 0.008) and emotional distress (TFI-E; <i>r</i> = 0.370, <i>p</i> = 0.022), though these findings did not survive multiple comparison correction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early tinnitus is characterized by ACC GABAergic deficits, while chronicity features normalized GABA+/Cr levels-suggesting compensatory neuroplastic restoration of inhibition over time. Glutamatergic activity may modulate perceptual and emotional dimensions of tinnitus. These phase-specific ACC neurochemical shifts highlight potential therapeutic targets for arresting tinnitus progression. Longitudinal studies are warranted to validate temporal dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1551106"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hippocampal subfield volume differences between female-to-male transgender individuals with cross-sex hormone therapy and cisgender women.","authors":"Gwang-Won Kim, Mina Lee, Hyun-Suk Lee, Kwangsung Park, Gwang-Woo Jeong","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1477725","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1477725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The prevalence of female-to-male (FtM) transgender individuals has risen recently, yet the effects of cross-sex hormone therapy on volumetric differences in the hippocampal subfields remain poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the differences of gray matter (GM) volume, especially focusing on the hippocampal subfields, in FtM transgender individuals and premenopausal cisgender women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventeen FtM transgender individuals who had undergone hysterectomies and were receiving testosterone therapy before participating in this study, along with 20 premenopausal women, underwent a single session of T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FtM transgender group had significantly higher free-testosterone (free-T) levels and lower estradiol levels compared with premenopausal women group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). In voxel-wise analysis, FtM transgender individuals showed significantly larger GM volumes in the caudate nucleus, hypothalamus, and thalamus compared with premenopausal women (<i>p</i> < 0.01, FWE-corrected). More specifically, the right hippocampal subiculum volume was larger in FtM transgender individuals (<i>p</i> < 0.05, Bonferroni-corrected), and these volumes were positively correlated with the free-T levels (<i>r</i> = 0.34, <i>p</i> = 0.04). This study revealed the specific hippocampal subfield volume differences in the testosterone-treated FtM transgender group when compared to cisgender premenopausal women group.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings might help elucidate the morphological variation of the specific cerebral regions associated with testosterone therapy in FtM transgender individuals and contribute to our understanding of the effects of gender-affirming hormone treatments as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1477725"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The characteristics of brain function alterations in patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome across varying symptom severities evaluated by NIH-CPSI.","authors":"Shengyang Ge, Yunting Xiang, Xuyun Hua, Zening Wang, Qingfeng Hu, Yijun Guo, Jingqiang Huang, Chengpeng Zhao, Jiajia Wu, Xianli Wang, Chuanyu Sun","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1511654","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1511654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a prevalent condition in urology characterized by chronic pain. The pathogenesis of CP/CPPS remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 45 eligible CP/CPPS patients and 45 healthy volunteers. We evaluated their resting-state fMRI data using a comprehensive set of parameters, such as Regional Homogeneity (ReHo) and Degree Centrality (DC), to detect brain abnormalities and identify potential correlates with the clinical manifestations of CP/CPPS. We further categorized the patients into subgroups according to their scores of NIH-CPSI to elucidate the brain changes associated with differing symptom severities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Profound alterations in brain function were observed in patients with CP/CPPS. These changes involved multiple brain regions identified by DC analysis, including the right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), left inferior frontal opercular cortex, left amygdala, right middle frontal cortex, and bilateral insula. ReHo analysis revealed significant changes in the right thalamus, left inferior frontal triangular cortex, right superior temporal pole, left ACC, and right superior frontal cortex (cluster >20 voxels, GRF correction, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Analysis using ReHo and DC revealed that brain alterations associated with varying symptom severities were localized in pain perception and modulation regions. Specifically, the DC values in the right ACC showed a linear correlation with the severity of symptoms measured by the NIH-CPSI (AUC = 0.9654, <i>p</i> < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In CP/CPPS, we first discovered differences in brain function among patients with varying degrees of severity. The brain alterations of DC in the right ACC might be a potential biomarker for diagnosing and assessing disease severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1511654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrically evoked mismatch negativity from speech stimuli as an objective measure of cochlear implant performance.","authors":"Lichun Zhang, Pattric Stauga, David Mißler, Karsten Ehrt, Wilma Großmann, Robert Mlynski, Florian Herrmann Schmidt","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1559141","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1559141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cochlear implant (CI) success is often assessed using subjective tests like word recognition scores (WRS). However, these tests are unsuitable for children, non-native speakers, and individuals with cognitive impairments. Mismatch negativity (MMN), an objective measure of cortical auditory processing, offers a promising alternative for evaluating speech perception. This study aimed to assess speech perception in CI patients using MMN and examine its correlation with WRS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 23 ears from CI users fitted for at least six months. Speech stimuli were presented via direct audio input to the CI processor at 70 dB nHL using an MMN paradigm. The syllables 'ba' (standard) and 'da' (deviant) served as stimuli. MMN amplitude and latency were analyzed, and their correlation with WRS was examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant correlation was observed between WRS and MMN responses. CI users with lower WRS scores exhibited reduced MMN amplitudes and prolonged latencies compared to those with higher scores, indicating impaired cortical speech processing.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings suggest that speech-induced MMN could serve as an objective tool for assessing speech perception in CI users. MMN provides valuable insights for optimizing CI fitting, particularly for patients unable to undergo subjective testing. Integrating MMN into clinical practice could improve speech perception outcomes and enhance the quality of life for CI users.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1559141"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11896987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating visual perception abilities in flight cadets: the crucial role of the lingual gyrus and precuneus.","authors":"Xi Chen, Shicong Zhang, Shipeng Dong, Qingbin Meng, Peiran Xu, Qi Chu, Donglin Huang, Cheng Luo","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1519870","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1519870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In aviation, exceptional visual perception is crucial for pilots to monitor flight instruments and respond swiftly to deviations, as well as make rapid judgments regarding environmental changes, ensuring aviation safety. However, existing research on pilots' visual perception has predominantly focused on behavioral observations, with limited exploration of the neurophysiological mechanisms involved.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the brain activity associated with the visual perception capabilities of flight cadets. Data were collected from 25 flying cadets and 24 ground students under two conditions: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging session conducted in 2022 and a change-detection task. The data were analyzed using RESTplus software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed that degree centrality values in the right precuneus and left lingual gyrus showed significantly positive correlations with task reaction time and accuracy, respectively, in the pilot group. These brain regions were found to be significantly associated with the visual perception abilities of the pilots.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings suggest that alterations in the left precuneus and right lingual gyrus in pilots are linked to their visual perception capabilities, which may play a crucial role in mission performance. These results provide a foundation for improving flight training programs and selecting suitable flight trainees based on neurophysiological markers of visual perception.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1519870"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}