Frontiers in Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Editorial: Sex differences in sleep and circadian rhythms.","authors":"Maria M Hadjimarkou, Jessica A Mong","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1583842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1583842","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1583842"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11976463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered functional connectivity and spatiotemporal dynamics in individuals with central disorders of hypersomnolence.","authors":"Lauren Daley, Prabhjyot Saini, Harrison Watters, Yasmine Bassil, Eric H Schumacher, Lynn Marie Trotti, Shella Keilholz","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1538479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1538479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a sleep disorder characterized by highly disruptive symptoms. Like narcolepsy type 1, a well-characterized sleep disorder, individuals with IH suffer from excessive daytime sleepiness, though there is little overlap in metabolic or neural biomarkers across these two disorders. This lack of common pathophysiology, combined with the clear overlap in symptoms presents an ideal paradigm for better understanding the impact of IH on an individual's functional activity and organization, and potentially, the underlying pathophysiology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study examines the observed functional connectivity in patients with IH, and patients with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) against healthy control individuals. Static functional connectivity is compared, as are quasi-periodic patterns, acquired from the BOLD timecourse, for all groups. In addition to baseline data comparison, the study also included a post-nap condition, where the individuals included in this analysis napped for at least 10 min prior to the scanning session, to explore why individuals with IH do not feel \"refreshed\" after a nap like individuals with NT1 do.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Assessing the groups' spatiotemporal patterns revealed key differences across both disorders and conditions: static connectivity revealed at baseline higher subcortical connectivity in the NT1 group. There was also observably less connectivity in the IH group both at baseline and post-nap, though none of these static analyses survived multiple comparisons correction to reach significance. The quasi-periodic pattern (QPP) results however found significant differences in the IH group in key networks, particularly the DAN/FPCN correlation is significantly different at baseline vs. post-nap, a trend not observed in either the control or NT1 groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DAN and FPCN (task-positive correlates) are drastically altered both at baseline and post-nap when compared to the other groups, and may likely be a disorder-specific result. This study demonstrates that key networks for arousal are more heavily disrupted in IH patients, who are less affected by a nap, confirmed through both subject reporting and functional evidence through spatiotemporal patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1538479"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11975921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of nasal mucosal autonomic nerve response in efficacy evaluation of vidian neurectomy for allergic rhinitis: a prospective study.","authors":"Linzheng Liu, Na Ma, Yan Niu, Yuping Peng, Yan Li, Jiangjiang Shen, Jiameng He, Jindi Sun","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1424629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1424629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the use of nasal mucosal autonomic nerve responses as an objective indicator for assessing the efficacy of vidian neurectomy (VN) in treating allergic rhinitis (AR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-five patients with moderate to severe AR and 35 healthy controls were included. Autonomic nerve responses were measured before and 1 month after VN surgery, using respiratory stimulation on the nasal mucosa and the opisthenar area. Three waveform types (P-type, N-type and M-type) were identified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While three waveform types were identified in the nasal mucosa, only the M-type was observed in the opisthenar sympathetic skin response. Preoperative measurements showed higher autonomic responses in patients with AR compared with controls. Following VN, the responses in patients with AR decreased significantly, aligning closely with the control group. No significant changes were observed in the opisthenar responses, indicating a localised effect of VN. Comorbidities such as nasal polyps, sinusitis and deviated septum did not impact the results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nasal mucosal autonomic nerve response provides a reliable, objective measure for evaluating the effectiveness of VN in treating AR.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1424629"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11975872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between serum sodium and sporadic Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Wen Zhou, Qingqing Xia, Duan Liu, Jun-Ying Li, Liang Gong","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1555831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1555831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The correlation between serum sodium and sporadic Parkinson's disease remains unclear currently. This study aimed to assess the association between serum sodium and sporadic Parkinson's disease.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The ultimate goal is to gain a deeper understanding of the implications of this relationship between serum sodium and sporadic Parkinson's disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study involving 1,189 participants in PPMI cohort. Age, sex, education years, race, body mass index, calcium, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, white blood cell, lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, red blood cell, hemoglobin, platelets, total protein, albumin, serum uric acid, serum sodium, serum potassium, urea nitrogen, creatinine, serum glucose were obtained from all participants. Logistic regression, and smooth curve fitting were utilized to substantiate the research objectives.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall sporadic Parkinson's disease was 77.5% (921/1189); it was 71.9% (143/199), 75.4% (295/391), 76.7% (171/223), and 83% (312/376) for serum sodium quantile1 (Q1, 130-138.9 mmol/L), quantile 2 (Q2, 139-140.9 mmol/L), quantile 3 (Q3, 141-141.9 mmol/L), and quantile 4 (Q4, 142-155 mmol/L), respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.011). Multivariate odds ratio regression adjusted for risk factors demonstrates a 1-unit increment in the serum sodium raises the risk of sporadic Parkinson's disease by 1.11 times, respectively. Smooth splines analysis suggested a linear association between levels of serum sodium and risk of sporadic Parkinson's disease (P nonlinearity = 0.5). An interaction was observed between serum sodium and sex in their influence on sporadic Parkinson's disease (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Further exploratory subgroup analysis within the age and BMI groups showed that there were no significant interactions between the subgroups (all <i>p</i> values for interaction were > 0.05). Additional sensitivity analyses supported the primary findings and indicated the conclusions are robust.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the influence of inappropriate serum sodium on the risk of incident sporadic Parkinson's disease, independent of confounders. The link between serum sodium and sporadic Parkinson's disease is linear.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1555831"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11975937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Magnetic sense-dependent probabilistic decision-making in humans.","authors":"In-Taek Oh, Soo-Chan Kim, Yongkuk Kim, Yong-Hwan Kim, Kwon-Seok Chae","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1591645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1591645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2025.1497021.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1591645"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11976732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic spatio-temporal pruning for efficient spiking neural networks.","authors":"Shuiping Gou, Jiahui Fu, Yu Sha, Zhen Cao, Zhang Guo, Jason K Eshraghian, Ruimin Li, Licheng Jiao","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1545583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1545583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spiking neural networks (SNNs), which draw from biological neuron models, have the potential to improve the computational efficiency of artificial neural networks (ANNs) due to their event-driven nature and sparse data flow. SNNs rely on dynamical sparsity, in that neurons are trained to activate sparsely to minimize data communication. This is critical when accounting for hardware given the bandwidth limitations between memory and processor. Given that neurons are sparsely activated, weights are less frequently accessed, and potentially can be pruned to less performance degradation in a SNN compared to an equivalent ANN counterpart. Reducing the number of synaptic connections between neurons also relaxes memory demands for neuromorphic processors. In this paper, we propose a spatio-temporal pruning algorithm that dynamically adapts to reduce the temporal redundancy that often exists in SNNs when processing Dynamic Vision Sensor (DVS) datasets. Spatial pruning is executed based on both global parameter statistics and inter-layer parameter count and is shown to reduce model degradation under extreme sparsity. We provide an ablation study that isolates the various components of spatio-temporal pruning, and find that our approach achieves excellent performance across all datasets, with especially high performance on datasets with time-varying features. We achieved a 0.69% improvement on the DVS128 Gesture dataset, despite the common expectation that pruning typically degrades performance. Notably, this enhancement comes with an impressive 98.18% reduction in parameter space and a 50% reduction in time redundancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1545583"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11975901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: The application of neuroscience technology in human assist devices.","authors":"Yining Hou, Yue Ma, Shuang Liang, Yisi Liu, Zirui Lan","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1589378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1589378","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1589378"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11977489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal changes in brain connectivity correlate with neuropsychological testing in brain tumor resection patients.","authors":"David G Ellis, Matthew Garlinghouse, David E Warren, Michele R Aizenberg","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1532433","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1532433","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients undergoing brain tumor resection experience neurological and cognitive (i.e., neurocognitive) changes reflected in altered performance on neuropsychological tests. These changes can be difficult to explain or predict. Brain connectivity, measured with neuroimaging, offers one potential model for examining these changes. In this study, we evaluated whether longitudinal changes in brain connectivity correlated with changes in neurocognitive abilities in patients before and after brain tumor resection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients underwent functional and diffusion MR scanning and neuropsychological evaluation before tumor resection followed by repeat scanning and evaluation 2 weeks post-resection. Using this functional and diffusion imaging data, we measured changes in the topology of the functional and structural networks. From the neuropsychological testing scores, we derived a composite score that described a patient's overall level of neurocognitive functioning. We then used a multiple linear regression model to test whether structural and functional connectivity measures were correlated with changes in composite scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple linear regression on 21 subjects showed that functional connectivity changes were highly correlated with changes in neuropsychological evaluation scores (R² adjusted = 0.79, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Changes in functional local efficiency (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and global efficiency (<i>p</i> < 0.05) were inversely correlated with changes in composite score, while changes in modularity (<i>p</i> < 0.01) as well as the patient's age (<i>p</i> < 0.05) were directly correlated with changes in composite score.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Short interval changes in brain functional connectivity markers were strongly correlated with changes in the composite neuropsychological test scores in brain tumor resection patients. Our findings support the need for further exploration of brain connectivity as a biomarker relevant to brain tumor patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1532433"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11973353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress in utero: prenatal dexamethasone exposure causes greater structural gliovascular alterations in female offspring than in males.","authors":"Magda Ferreira-Rodrigues, Inês Santos Sousa, Filipa I Baptista, Vanessa Coelho-Santos","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1539867","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1539867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>From early in life, experiences like prenatal stress profoundly affect long-term health and behavior. Fetal exposure to increased levels of glucocorticoids (GC), via maternal stress or through antenatal corticosteroid therapy (commonly used in women at risk of preterm birth), can disrupt brain development and raise the susceptibility to psychiatric disorders. Previous studies on prenatal exposure to synthetic GCs, such as dexamethasone (DEX), revealed impairments in neurogenesis and dendritic spine development. However, the impact of prenatal stress, specifically antenatal DEX exposure, on the gliovascular interface remains unclear. This interface, involving the relationship between astrocytes and blood vessels, is essential for healthy brain development. Astrocytic endfeet coverage and organization are crucial features of the gliovascular interface, and in this study, we evaluated these aspects through aquaporin-4 (AQ4) expression and organization along the lectin labelled-vasculature. At Postnatal Day 14, no differences in AQ4 expression were observed between males and females. However, prenatal stress induced by DEX exposure (50 μg/kg was administered subcutaneously to pregnant mice through gestational days 16, 17 and 18) significantly impacted this structure in females but not in males. Specifically, in female offspring prenatally exposed to DEX, AQ4 expression was significantly upregulated in the hippocampus, and its rearrangement was observed in the prefrontal cortex. A comparison of vascular density between male and female brains showed no significant sex differences in any analyzed regions, though male cerebellar vessel segments were shorter. Interestingly, prenatal stress caused morphological alterations in female brains, including increased vessel tortuosity, while no such changes were seen in males. In the hippocampus, prenatal DEX exposure reduced vessel segment length in males but did not affect females. In the cerebellum, DEX exposure increased vessel segment length in females. This study highlights sex-specific differences in the impact of prenatal stress on the gliovascular structure across various brain regions, suggesting AQ4 as a potential molecular target relevant to depressive-like behaviors in female offspring. Future studies are needed to correlate the gliovascular structural alterations found with functional disturbances and sex-specific mental health issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1539867"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11973320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recognition of brain activities via graph-based long short-term memory-convolutional neural network.","authors":"Yanling Yang, Helong Zhao, Zezhou Hao, Cheng Shi, Liang Zhou, Xufeng Yao","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1546559","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1546559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Human brain activities are always difficult to recognize due to its diversity and susceptibility to disturbance. With its unique capability of measuring brain activities, magnetoencephalography (MEG), as a high temporal and spatial resolution neuroimaging technique, has been used to identify multi-task brain activities. Accurately and robustly classifying motor imagery (MI) and cognitive imagery (CI) from MEG signals is a significant challenge in the field of brain-computer interface (BCI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, a graph-based long short-term memory-convolutional neural network (GLCNet) is proposed to classify the brain activities in MI and CI tasks. It was characterized by implementing three modules of graph convolutional network (GCN), spatial convolution and long short-term memory (LSTM) to effectively extract time-frequency-spatial features simultaneously. For performance evaluation, our method was compared with six benchmark algorithms of FBCSP, FBCNet, EEGNet, DeepConvNets, Shallow ConvNet and MEGNet on two public datasets of MEG-BCI and BCI competition IV dataset 3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results demonstrated that the proposed GLCNet outperformed other models with the average accuracies of 78.65% and 65.8% for two classification and four classification on the MEG-BCI dataset, respectively.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>It was concluded that the GLCNet enhanced the model's adaptability in handling individual variability with robust performance. This would contribute to the exploration of brain activates in neuroscience.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1546559"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11973346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}