Frontiers in Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Eye movement patterns drive stress reduction during Japanese garden viewing.","authors":"Seiko Goto, Hiroki Takase, Keita Yamaguchi, Tomoki Kato, Minkai Sun, Aoi Koga, Tiankai Liang, Isamu A Poy, Karl Herrup","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1581080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1581080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study is to clarify the role of eye movements in the reduction of physiological and psychological metrics of stress during Japanese garden viewing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We chose the well-structured Murin-an garden as a test site and a garden with similar visual elements but less well-maintained as a control site. We measured pulse rates and eye movements to monitor physiological responses. Psychological responses were tracked with the POMS2 Brief form and a short questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that the Murin-an garden was more effective in decreasing pulse rate and improving mood. Also, in the Murin-an garden the participants' gaze ranged more broadly across the visual field and moved more rapidly. Contrary to our expectations, in neither garden did pulse rate rise or fall based on the particular object a participant was viewing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Visual stimuli of a well-designed garden can elicit significant stress reduction. Our data suggest that the composition of the elements and the attention to maintenance of a garden result in viewers shifting their gaze more frequently and more quickly. These appear to be the key drivers behind the stress reduction effect. Although we had hypothesized that specific visual elements in the garden would be responsible for reducing measures of stress, our data instead suggest that it is the overall pattern of rapid horizontal eye movements, induced by the garden design, that drives the observed stress reduction. We draw an analogy between our results and the technique known as EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) whose practitioners use rapid gaze shifts to elicit stress reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1581080"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12119466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Electro-cortical network effects of an acute stroke revealed by high-density electroencephalography.","authors":"Elena Monai, Brinda Sevak, Klevest Gjini, Lorenzo Pini, Giulio Tononi, Aaron F Struck, Melanie Boly","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1486249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1486249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Focal lesions such as a stroke can cause not only local effects but also distant effects in anatomically intact regions. The impact of stroke lesions on brain networks has been mapped using neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). In the present study, we established the feasibility of detecting network dysfunction at the electrocortical level using high-density electroencephalography (HD-EEG).</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We studied brain function using HD-EEG in a patient with an acute left middle cerebral artery stroke. Slowing in the delta range was present beyond the ischemic focus, extending to the perilesional regions as well as distant regions. There was also delta connectivity in the stroke hemisphere with slowing affecting mainly distant regions that were interconnected with the site of the ischemic region (i.e., network-level diaschisis), although this was not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case study illustrates the feasibility of using HD-EEG to map local and distant electrical activity consequences of an acute stroke on cortical functions. Such a technique could be clinically useful to improve personalized stroke-network mapping in patients with acute cortical lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1486249"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12119589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain-acting hepatokines: its impact on energy balance and metabolism.","authors":"Lucía Giovanini, Nahuel Wanionok, Mario Perello, Maria Paula Cornejo","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1589110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1589110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The liver is recognized for its central role in energy metabolism, yet emerging evidence highlights its function as an endocrine organ, secreting a variety of proteins-hepatokines-that influence distant tissues. Hepatokines not only regulate metabolic processes by acting on peripheral tissues but also exert direct effects on brain function. In this mini-review, we discuss the existing literature on the role of \"brain-acting\" hepatokines including IGF-1, FGF21, LEAP2, GDF15, and ANGPTLs, and their impact on energy balance and metabolism. We review the existing evidence regarding their roles in metabolism through their action in the brain, and their potential implications in metabolic disturbances. By integrating insights from recent studies, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of how liver-derived signals can modulate energy balance and metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1589110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12119552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acupuncture might enhance word recognition scores in a patient with hearing loss: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Ke Fang, Da Jiang, Minghui Zhao, Hantong Hu, Yang Li, Hong Gao, Jie Zhou","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1593659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1593659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a hearing disorder caused by damage to the inner ear, the auditory centers, or the auditory nerve in the brain. Sensorineural hearing loss not only causes an increase in the pure tone audiometry of patients, but also may lead to a decrease in word recognition scores. Although contemporary medical advancements like cochlear hearing devices and auditory aids provide some assistance to individuals with hearing loss, many patients still seek more natural and non-invasive treatment options.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 61-year-old male patient came to our acupuncture clinic on September 22, 2024, complaining of significant hearing deficit in his left ear, which had persisted for 1 year. Upon admission, pure tone audiometry showed severe hearing loss across all frequencies in the left ear, with a word recognition score of 64. Based on the comprehensive examination results, we diagnosed him with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). The patient had previously received both traditional Chinese and Western medical treatments at several hospitals, but his symptoms had not significantly improved. On October 20, 2024, after 11 sessions of acupuncture, the patient reported an improvement in his hearing, with the word recognition score in his left ear increasing from 64 to 76. On November 17, 2024, after completing 21 acupuncture sessions, the word recognition score in his left ear further advanced from 76 to 94. Ultimately, a two-month follow-up showed no recurrence of hearing loss.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Acupuncture might serve as a promising treatment choice for improving word recognition scores in individuals suffering from hearing loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1593659"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12119612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The neuronal and synaptic representations of spatial release from masking in the rat auditory cortex.","authors":"Guanhua Chen, Jiping Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1562183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1562183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In complex acoustic environments, both humans and animals are frequently exposed to sounds from multiple sources. The detection threshold for a target sound (or probe) can be elevated by interference sounds (masker) originating from various locations. This masking effect is reduced when the probe and masker are spatially separated compared to when they are colocalized, thereby improving the perception of the probe. This phenomenon is known as spatial release from masking. Currently, the neuronal and synaptic mechanisms underlying spatial release from masking in the auditory cortex are not fully understood. Here we employed single-unit recording and <i>in vivo</i> whole-cell patch-clamp recording techniques to examine how maskers from different spatial locations influence the detection thresholds of rat primary auditory cortex (A1) neurons in response to probe stimuli. At the cortical neuronal level, the masked detection thresholds of most A1 neurons in response to probes were significantly decreased when maskers were displaced from azimuths colocalized with the probe to other separated azimuths ipsilateral to the recording site. Similarly, at the cortical synaptic level, the masked detection thresholds of A1 neurons, as determined from the amplitude of evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents in response to probes presented at azimuth locations within the contralateral hemifield, were also decreased when maskers were shifted from azimuth locations in the contralteral hemifield to those in the ipsilateral hemifield. This study provides neuronal and synaptic evidences for spatial release from masking in the auditory cortex, advancing our understanding of the mechanisms involved in auditory signal processing in noisy environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1562183"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The results of short-course acoustic test could act as an effective predictor of the efficacy of customized music therapy for chronic tinnitus.","authors":"Tianyi Ni, Yun Jiang, Ziyuan Lin, Jian Ruan, Yulu Wang, Yuehong Liu, Zhao Han","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1544723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1544723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of our study is to explore the predictive value of the short-course acoustic test in determining the efficacy of customized music therapy for chronic subjective tinnitus.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Patients with tinnitus as one of the core complaints were included from October 2022 to June 2024. According to the short-course acoustic test results, the participants were divided into three groups: tinnitus disappeared group, tinnitus relieved group and tinnitus unchanged group. All the participants indiscriminately underwent the 10-months of customized music therapy (CMT) and follow-up visits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Before therapy, only the duration of tinnitus was significantly different among the three groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001). After 10-months of CMT treatment, the Tinnitus Loudness Visual Analogue Scale (THI), Hospital Anxiety Scale (HADS-A) and Tinnitus Loudness Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores of the three groups showed a decreasing trend (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and the treatment efficacy rate of the tinnitus disappeared group was higher than that of the tinnitus relieved group, while the treatment efficacy rate of the tinnitus relieved group was higher than that of the tinnitus unchanged group. The logistic regression results showed that the results of the short-course acoustic test, baseline THI scores, and the presence of hearing loss had significant effects on the efficacy of CMT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The short-course acoustic test to some extent can predict the efficacy of CMT in patients with chronic subjective tinnitus and can be used to guide clinical therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1544723"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural correlates of emotional working memory predict depression and anxiety.","authors":"Leiting Li, Meirong Sun, Mengdi Qi, Yiwen Li, Dongwei Li","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1574901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1574901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Emotional working memory (WM) plays a critical role in cognitive functions such as emotion regulation, decision-making, and learning. Understanding how emotional stimuli, particularly negative ones, affect WM performance is crucial for identifying cognitive markers of mental health issues like anxiety and depression. Our objective is to determine whether trait anxiety and depression levels are associated with specific performance outcomes in emotional WM and whether behavioral and neural indicators demonstrate statistically significant correlations with individual anxiety and depression levels in university students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In our research: Experiment 1 (<i>n</i> = 25) tested WM performance with both positive and negative emotional stimuli under different cognitive loads (2 vs. 4 items), while Experiment 2 (<i>n</i> = 34) combined EEG recording to investigate the neural index of anxiety and depression during negative emotional WM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that negative emotional stimuli impaired WM performance, especially under higher cognitive loads, with anxiety level being linked to increased theta activity during encoding and depression level associated with decreased alpha activity during retrieval. Additionally, individuals with higher anxiety exhibited reduced sensitivity to cognitive load differences in WM tasks involving negative emotions.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These results demonstrated that specific EEG patterns during negative emotional WM were significantly associated with individual anxiety and depression levels, suggesting the potential utility of EEG measures for identifying at-risk individuals of anxiety and depression in university student populations. By linking cognitive and neural indicators, the study contributes to the development of personalized interventions for mental health monitoring and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1574901"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural mechanisms of symmetry perception: hemispheric specialization and the impact of noise on reflection symmetry detection.","authors":"Meng Wang, Jingjing Yang, Yiyang Yu, Qiong Wu, Fengxia Wu","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1599112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1599112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Symmetry is a crucial cue for perceptual grouping in human vision. This study investigates the neural and cognitive mechanisms underlying symmetry perception, focusing on hemispheric specialization and the effects of noise on symmetry detection. Using psychophysical and electrophysiological (EEG) experiments, participants were presented with reflection symmetric patterns (full circle vs. right-left quarter-circle), under varying noise levels. Behavioral results demonstrated noise-induced impairment in accuracy (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with Cycle outperforming Quarter in noiseless conditions (<i>p</i> < 0.05), highlighting the role of contour completeness in perceptual grouping. EEG recordings revealed distinct neural mechanisms associated with different stages of symmetry processing. Early sensory processing exhibited left-hemisphere dominance, while later stages implicated the right hemisphere in noise-modulated global integration. Noise disrupted early contour integration and attenuated higher-order object recognition processes, with right-hemisphere sensitivity to noise emerging during decision-making. These findings challenge the strong version of the callosal hypothesis, highlighting the complexity of hemispheric interactions in symmetry perception. This study provides new insights into the interplay between bottom-up sensory processing and top-down hemispheric interactions in perceptual organization.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1599112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polysemia as a concept to understand the encoding of sensory information.","authors":"Christian Ethier, Zohreh Vaziri, Martin Deschênes","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1588437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1588437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this article, we explore the concept of polysemia in sensory information processing within the brain. We suggest that, just as words can have different meanings based on context, sensory inputs are interpreted differently depending on the animal's current state and behavior. Focusing on the trigeminal sensory nuclei in rats, we highlight the role of inhibitory circuits in gating sensory information and propose that sensory signals are polysemic, with their meaning influenced by emotional, hormonal, and motivational factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1588437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aberrant white matter and subcortical gray matter functional network connectivity associated with static and dynamic characteristics in subjects with temporal lobe epilepsy.","authors":"Sukesh Kumar Das, George B Hanna, Hai Sun, Bharat B Biswal","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1571682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1571682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a common type of epilepsy, with seizures primarily originating in the deep temporal lobe. This condition results in changes in connectivity across gray matter (GM), and white matter (WM) regions. This altered connectivity categorizes TLE as a network disorder, highlighting the need to investigate functional network connectivity (FNC) in WM areas. Dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) measures time-varying correlations between two or multiple regions of interest and derives clusters highlighting functional networks (FNs) where connectivity among regions behaves in a similar fashion. In this study, we included a total of 103 subjects from the Epilepsy Connectome Project, comprising 51 healthy controls (HC), and 52 subjects with TLE. We obtained static FNs (sFNs) and dynamic FNs (dFNs) using K-means clustering on ROI-based static functional connectivity (sFC) and dFC, respectively. Both static and dynamic FNCs were then separately investigated in HC and TLE subjects, with the latter demonstrating significant differences in WM networks. The static FNC was significantly decreased between the Forceps minor-Anterior corona radiata (ACR) - genu and left inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) in TLE. Dynamic FNC significantly decreased between the corpus callosum (CC) (body) - superior corona radiata - right superior longitudinal fasciculus network and the Forceps minor - ACR - medial frontal gyrus network in subjects with TLE. This result implies that this WM connection changes with lower variability in TLE. On the other hand, the dynamic connections between the left temporal sub gyral - left thalamus - left pallidus - left hippocampus and right thalamus - right putamen - right temporal sub gyral - right pallidus network and the connections between the cingulum network and right thalamus - right putamen - right temporal sub gyral - right pallidus network significantly increased. These results indicate that these two GM subcortical connections change with higher variability in TLE. The study also demonstrates that the static functional connectivity strength (FCS) of the left ILF decreased significantly in subjects with TLE. However, the dynamic FCS of the splenium and brain stem were altered significantly in TLE, implying that the total dynamic connections of this network with all other networks experienced greater changes. Furthermore, the FNC suggests that the WM regions - ILF, superior and ACR, and CC exhibit connectivity changes related to the clinical features.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1571682"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}