Frontiers in Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Graph neural networks in Alzheimer's disease diagnosis: a review of unimodal and multimodal advances.","authors":"Shahzad Ali, Michele Piana, Matteo Pardini, Sara Garbarino","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1623141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1623141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a leading neurodegenerative disorder, presents significant global health challenges. Advances in graph neural networks (GNNs) offer promising tools for analyzing multimodal neuroimaging data to improve AD diagnosis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of GNN applications in AD diagnosis, focusing on data sources, modalities, sample sizes, classification tasks, and diagnostic performance. Drawing on extensive literature searches across PubMed, IEEE Xplorer, Scopus, and Springer, we analyze key GNN frameworks and critically evaluate their limitations, challenges, and opportunities for improvement. In addition, we present a comparative analysis to evaluate the generalizability and robustness of GNN methods across different datasets, such as ADNI, OASIS, TADPOLE, UK Biobank, in-house, etc. Furthermore, we provide a critical methodological comparison across families of GNN architectures (i.e., GCN, ChebNet, GraphSAGE, GAT, GIN, etc.) in the context of AD. Finally, we outline future research directions to refine GNN-based diagnostic methods and highlight their potential role in advancing AI-driven neuroimaging solutions. Our findings aim to foster the integration of AI technologies in neurodegenerative disease research and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1623141"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12511118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145279928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient spiking convolutional neural networks accelerator with multi-structure compatibility.","authors":"Jiadong Wu, Lun Lu, Yinan Wang, Zhiwei Li, Changlin Chen, Qingjiang Li, Kairang Chen","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1662886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1662886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) possess excellent computational energy efficiency and biological credibility. Among them, Spiking Convolutional Neural Networks (SCNNs) have significantly improved performance, demonstrating promising applications in low-power and brain-like computing. To achieve hardware acceleration for SCNNs, we propose an efficient FPGA accelerator architecture with multi-structure compatibility. This architecture supports both traditional convolutional and residual topologies, and can be adapted to diverse requirements from small networks to complex networks. This architecture uses a clock-driven scheme to perform convolution and neuron updates based on the spike-encoded image at each timestep. Through hierarchical pipelining and channel parallelization strategies, the computation speed of SCNNs is increased. To address the issue of current accelerators only supporting simple network, this architecture combines configuration and scheduling methods, including grouped reuse computation and line-by-line multi-timestep computation to accelerate deep networks with lots of channels and large feature map sizes. Based on the proposed accelerator architecture, we evaluated two scales of networks, named small-scale LeNet and deep residual SCNN, for object detection. Experiments show that the proposed accelerator achieves a maximum recognition speed of 1, 605 frames/s at a 100 MHz clock for the LeNet network, consuming only 0.65 mJ per image. Furthermore, the accelerator, combined with the proposed configuration and scheduling methods, achieves acceleration for each residual module in the deep residual SCNN, reaching a processing speed of 2.59 times that of the CPU with a power consumption of only 16.77% of the CPU. This demonstrates that the proposed accelerator architecture can achieve higher energy efficiency, compatibility, and wider applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1662886"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12511070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145279923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered brain structural covariance networks of the thalamic subfields in right chronic capsular stroke.","authors":"Jun Guo, Hongchuan Zhang, Jingchun Liu, Caihong Wang, Chen Cao, Jingliang Cheng, Chunshui Yu, Wen Qin","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1650937","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1650937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The thalamus, along with its component nuclei, possesses extensive connections with various brain regions and is engaged in diverse functions. However, it is unknown whether the gray matter volume (GMV) covariance networks of thalamic subfields are selectively affected in chronic capsular stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited 45 patients with chronic right capsular strokes (CS) and 93 normal controls (NC) from three centers. The thalamus was segmented into 25 subfields using FreeSurfer (v7.1.1). A general linear model was applied to investigate intergroup differences in the GMV covariance network of each thalamic subfield with each voxel of the entire brain between CS and NC, correcting for confounders such as age, gender, total intracranial volume (TIV), and scanners (voxel-wise <i>p</i> < 0.001, cluster-wise FWE corrected <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings revealed that all 25 ipsilesional thalamic subfields in CS were atrophied (<i>p</i> < 0.05, FDR correction). Among these, 16 ipsilesional thalamic subfields (including AV, LD, LP, VLa, VLp, VPL, VM, CeM, CL, MDm, LGN, PuM, PuI, CM, Pf, and Pt) exhibited significantly subfield-specific increased GMV covariance connectivity with the anterior orbital gyrus, superior occipital gyrus, calcarine, anterior cingulate cortex, precentral gyrus, and other regions. Additionally, although none of the contralesional thalamic subfields demonstrated regional GMV changes, 3/25 showed subfield-specific increased GMV covariance connectivity with the ipsilesional anterior orbital gyrus and subcortex.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The GMV covariance networks of thalamic subfields are selectively involved in patients with chronic capsular stroke, which affect not only the ipsilesional thalamic subfields but also the contralesional ones.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1650937"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12498287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145244296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalized temporal interference stimulation targeting striatum reduces functional stability and dynamic connectivity variability in the sensorimotor network.","authors":"Dongsheng Tang, Lang Qin, Longfei Hu, Siqi Gao, Yixuan Jian, Zhiqiang Zhu","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1645903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1645903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Functional stability within brain networks, particularly the sensorimotor network (SMN), is crucial for coherent motor control. Temporal Interference (TI) stimulation offers a non-invasive method to modulate deep brain structures like the striatum, yet its impact on dynamic functional stability across motor networks remains largely unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-six healthy male participants separately underwent TI stimulation and Sham stimulation in a crossover, double-blind, randomized controlled trial with counterbalanced protocol. resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was acquired before and during the stimulation. A total of 20 min TI stimulation (10 mA, Δf = 20 Hz) was applied to the right striatum using personalized electrode montages optimized. Dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) was computed using a sliding-window approach. Voxel-wise functional stability across the whole brain was quantified by Kendall's concordance coefficient of voxel-to-voxel dFC. Seed-based dFC variability in the right striatum was measured as the standard deviation of dFC across windows.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(1) Functional stability: TI stimulation significantly decreased functional stability in bilateral SMA regions (predominantly SMA proper, with parts of pre-SMA) compared to Sham and baseline conditions (<i>P</i> < 0.01). (2) Dynamic functional connectivity: TI stimulation reduced dFC variability between the right striatum and left SMA region (predominantly SMA proper, with parts of pre-SMA) compared to baseline (<i>P</i> < 0.01). (3) Safety: No adverse cognitive effects or side effects were observed, with good blinding effectiveness maintained throughout the study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that TI stimulation targeting the striatum effectively modulates sensorimotor network stability and dFC variability within the cortico-striatal pathway, highlighting its potential as a non-invasive neuromodulation approach for motor network disorders.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>[www.chictr.org.cn;], identifier [ChiCTR2500098699].</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1645903"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12511026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145280000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frontiers of optic nerve regeneration research: an analysis of the top 100 most influential articles in the field from 2005 to 2025.","authors":"Saijilafu, Peng Chen, Lingchen Ye, Yuxi Shen, Qi Wang, Xuanwen Chen, Chimedragchaa Chimedtseren, Junqian Zhang, Linjun Fang, Renjie Xu","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1634999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1634999","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this study, we evaluated the key features of the 100 most-cited publications on optic nerve regeneration from 2005 to 2025 employing bibliometric and visual analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data for this study were obtained from a comprehensive search across multiple databases, including the Web of Science, Scopus, and Dimensions. We identified the top 100 most-cited articles published in each database from 2005 to 2025, merged and deduplicated the results, and selected the 100 most-cited papers on optic nerve regeneration. After extracting key details such as titles, authors, keywords, publication information, and institutional affiliations, a bibliometric analysis was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The top 100 most cited papers on optic nerve regeneration published between 2005 and 2025, accumulating 34,636 total citations with a median of 346 citations per paper. Prof. Zhigang He emerged as the most prolific author with 19 publications. The United States contributed 59 papers, while Harvard University led institutions with 30 publications. Key research themes included optic nerve regeneration, CNTF, gene therapy, and retinal ganglion cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our analysis of top-cited optic nerve regeneration research reveals sustained United States leadership in output and innovation. Early work focused on neuronal signaling pathways (PTEN/mTOR, KLF family), while current studies explore novel targets and biomaterials. Global collaboration among the United States, China, and European nations has accelerated progress. Key challenges remain in achieving functional long-distance regeneration. Future direction should prioritize the development of multi-target therapeutic methods, precise drug delivery, and the control of inflammation to improve nerve regeneration efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1634999"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12507791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145279974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated brain age in Moyamoya disease patients: a deep learning approach and correlation with disease severity.","authors":"Wenjie Li, Suhua Chen, Xin Chen, Xiangtian Ji, Huan Zhu, Qihang Zhang, Chenyu Zhu, Tao Wang, Yan Zhang, Jun Yang","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1668993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1668993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aims to utilize a DenseNet based deep learning framework to predict brain age in patients with Moyamoya disease (MMD), examining the relationship between brain age and disease severity to enhance diagnostic and prognostic capabilities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed unenhanced MRI scans from 432 adult MMD patients and 565 normal controls collected between January 2018 and December 2022. Data preprocessing involved converting DICOM files to NIFTI format and labeling based on established diagnostic criteria. A DenseNet121 architecture, implemented using PyTorch, was employed to predict brain age. Statistical analyses included correlation assessments and comparisons between predicted brain age, chronological age, and MRA scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The predicted brain age for MMD patients was significantly higher than their chronological age, averaging 37.9 years versus 35.8 years (<i>p</i> < 0.01). For normal controls, predicted brain age matched chronological age at 36.5 years. Delta age (difference between predicted brain age and chronological age) was significantly elevated in MMD patients (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and positively correlated with MRA scores, indicating a link between arterial stenosis severity and accelerated brain aging.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The DenseNet based model effectively predicts brain age, revealing that MMD patients experience accelerated brain aging correlated with disease severity. These findings highlight the potential of brain age prediction as a biomarker for MMD, aiding in personalized treatment strategies and early intervention. Future research should explore multi-center datasets and longitudinal data to validate and extend these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1668993"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12507752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145279930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypertrophic olivary degeneration: a 7 Tesla advanced imaging case report.","authors":"Tommaso Calzoni, Graziella Donatelli, Gianmichele Migaleddu, Marta Lancione, Paolo Cecchi, Laura Biagi, Michele Caniglia, Roberto Ceravolo, Mirco Cosottini","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1656655","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1656655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>A 50-year-old patient developed ataxia, nystagmus, and palatal tremor. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed inferior olivary nuclei enlargement and hyperintensity in T2-weighted images, indicating hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD). The patient's past medical history reported proton therapy for an VIII cranial nerve Schwannoma. Here, we aimed to investigate the potential alterations involving tracts and nuclei composing the dentato-rubro-olivary pathway (Guillain-Mollaret triangle) using an advanced ultra-high field (7 T) MRI protocol.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The patient underwent a 7 T-MRI brain exam, including a multi-echo gradient-echo sequence for quantitative susceptibility mapping and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). The DTI dataset was elaborated for tractography and computation of tensor metrics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>7 T-MRI allowed the depiction of the brainstem tracts and nuclei composing the Guillain-Mollaret triangle. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses of these structures demonstrated damage to the right red nucleus and the dentato-rubral tracts bilaterally. These findings are consistent with the pathophysiology of HOD and were confirmed in a follow-up MRI.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study highlights the capability of 7 T-MRI to depict and investigate brainstem substructures such as tracts and nuclei. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to depict all tracts composing the Guillain-Mollaret triangle and directly document their alterations in HOD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1656655"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12504213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145258023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathological respiratory chemoreflex activation predicts improvement of neurocognitive function in response to comtinuous positive airway pressure therapy.","authors":"Yu-Tong Hu, Yue-Nan Ni, Hugi Hilmisson, Robert Joseph Thomas","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1619467","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1619467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is a need for biomarkers predicting neurocognitive improvement following treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). The role of sleep apnea endotypes as predictors are promising.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the relationship between a high loop gain biomarker, elevated low frequency narrow band (e-LFC_NB), and improvements in neurocognitive function in the Apnea Positive Pressure Long-term Efficacy Study (APPLES).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The e-LFC_NB % metric was estimated on baseline polysomnography. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the potential association between e-LFC_NB% of total sleep time and the observed improvement in neurocognitive function following the specified treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 362 subjects received CPAP and had e-LFC_NB % measurements. For Sustained Working Memory Test-Overall Mid-Day (SWMT-OMD), e-LFC_NB% > 2.35% correlates positively with the proportion of participants who showed an increase in test scores > 0.65 after 2 months CPAP treatment (OR: 2.617, 95% CI: 1.095-6.252, <i>p</i>: 0.030); e-LFC_NB% > 9.45% correlates positively with improvement in test scores > 0.8 after 6 months CPAP treatment (OR: 2.553, 95% CI: 1.017-6.409, <i>p</i>: 0.046). For Buschke Selective Reminding Test sum recall (BSRT-SR), e-LFC_NB% > 3.65% correlates positively with an increase in test scores > 12 after 2 months CPAP treatment (OR: 2.696, 95% CI: 1.041-6.982, <i>p</i>: 0.041). Results of the Pathfinder Number Test-Total Time (PFN-TOTL) were not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>e-LFC_NB% (probable high loop gain) may be a clinically useful predictor of cognitive improvement following CPAP.</p>","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1619467"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12504490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145258009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: New strategies for spinal cord injury and immunotherapy targeting novel programmed death pathways.","authors":"SongOu Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1689295","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1689295","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1689295"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12504191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential central regulatory mechanisms of acupuncture for acute-stage Bell's palsy: an fMRI-based investigation.","authors":"Xiao-Shuang Xu, Ya-Ting Zhang, Xiao-Wei Li, Yu-Ling Shu, Jing-Can Zhang, Ting-Ting Miao, Yan-Yan Yang, Jun Yang, Hai-Ping Shi","doi":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1647538","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1647538","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study utilized resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine changes in brain functional activity following acupuncture treatment for acute Bell's palsy (BP) and to investigate the potential central regulatory mechanisms involved.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 55 patients with acute Bell's facial paralysis (within 1-7 days of onset) were enrolled in the patient group, while 48 individuals without the condition were included as the healthy control group. The patient group received acupuncture therapy at EX-HN16 (&lt;i&gt;Qianzheng)&lt;/i&gt;, SJ17 (&lt;i&gt;Yifeng&lt;/i&gt;), ST2 (&lt;i&gt;Sibai&lt;/i&gt;), GB14 (&lt;i&gt;Yangbai&lt;/i&gt;), EX-HN4 (&lt;i&gt;Yuyao&lt;/i&gt;), SI18 (&lt;i&gt;Quanliao&lt;/i&gt;), ST6 (&lt;i&gt;Jiache&lt;/i&gt;), ST4 (&lt;i&gt;Dicang&lt;/i&gt;), ST8 (&lt;i&gt;Touwei&lt;/i&gt;), and bilateral LI4 (&lt;i&gt;Hegu&lt;/i&gt;) points on the affected side. Each session lasted 30 min and was administered three times a week (Wednesday, Friday, and Sunday) until day 28 of the disease course. The patient group underwent fMRI scans, House-Brackmann (H-B) grading, Sunnybrook scale evaluation, and facial disability index (FDI) assessment both prior to the initial treatment and on the 28th day. The healthy group received a single fMRI scan after enrollment. MATLAB R2017 software was used to calculate the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) in patients before and after treatment, as well as in healthy controls.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Following treatment, the patient group showed significant improvements in H-B, Sunnybrook, and FDI scores compared to pretreatment levels (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), with an overall effective rate of 96.4% (53/55). Prior to treatment, compared to healthy controls, patients exhibited decreased fALFF in the right posterior cingulate gyrus, increased fALFF in the right postcentral gyrus, left and right middle frontal gyri, and increased ReHo in the left precentral gyrus, right postcentral gyrus, and left middle occipital gyrus. After treatment, when compared to healthy controls, patients showed decreased fALFF in the left and right medial superior frontal gyri, and increased fALFF in the right postcentral gyrus, left precentral gyrus, and bilateral lingual gyri, and increased ReHo in the right precentral gyrus, bilateral transverse temporal gyri, right lingual gyrus, and right thalamus, and decreased ReHo in the right middle frontal gyrus. Relative to pretreatment values, patients displayed decreased fALFF in the left medial superior frontal gyrus and increased fALFF in the left precentral gyrus. Additionally, ReHo decreased the right and left medial superior frontal gyri, while it increased in the right inferior parietal angular gyrus, right precentral gyrus, and left superior parietal gyrus.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Acupuncture demonstrates a clear therapeutic effect on acute BP and contribute to clinical symptom improvement. Marked differences in brain functional activity were observed ","PeriodicalId":12639,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1647538"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12504244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}