Frontiers in Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Dyadic coping and well-being in early-stage dementia couples.","authors":"Peter Muijres, Guy Bodenmann, Fridtjof W Nussbeck, Josef Jenewein","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1613215","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1613215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study examined the relationship between dyadic coping (DC) and anxiety, depression, and quality of life in 37 couples facing early-stage dementia (ESD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model was used for the analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed significant actor effects of DC on these outcomes, particularly for quality of life domains. Subjects with ESD providing more delegated DC and engaging more in common DC showed less anxiety. Caregiving partners experienced lower distress when engaging in emotion-focused common DC. Interestingly, positive DC from caregiving partners was associated with lower quality of life in patients.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We found more actor effects than partner effects, suggesting that DC behaviors primarily impact one's own well-being, rather than the partner's well-being. The different patterns of DC effects on subjects with ESD and their partners reflect a need for tailored interventions that consider the unique needs of each partner in couples facing ESD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1613215"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12491256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early muscle hypotonia as a potential marker for autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review.","authors":"Ting Zhang, Jinying Wang, Zhenkun Cao, Yuhan Ma, Zhihai Lv","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1598182","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1598182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The diagnosis of ASD has increased globally owing to the expansion of diagnostic criteria, increased awareness, and improvement in symptom identification. However, the diagnosis of ASD in young or neurodivergent people remains challenging and requires the investigation of new early indications.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this review, we examined the correlation between early hypotonia (including motor difficulties) and ASD, evaluating the potential of hypotonia as an early biomarker and screening instrument.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the PRISMA criteria (PROSPERO: CRD42024626398), we searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science without any constraints on date or language. The inclusion criteria were derived from studies on children aged 0-6 years that investigated hypotonia (e.g., motor impairments or head lag) in connection with ASD diagnosis or characteristics. The eligible studies were prospective cohort, case-control, and retrospective video-analysis studies. Two researchers independently collected and evaluated the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four studies (prospective cohort, case-control, or video analyses) were included in this review.The participants were aged 2 months to 6 years and included infant siblings of autistic children (a cohort with elevated likelihood of an autism diagnosis), children with familial ASD, and individuals from the general population.The research showed a consistent association of hypotonia and motor difficulties with ASD, despite variations in assessment methodologies, such as standardized motor measures and clinical evaluations. However, despite methodological heterogeneity, cumulative evidence supported the potential of hypotonia as an early ASD biomarker.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hypotonia and related motor differences may serve as practical screening indicators of increased likelihood of a later autism diagnosis. Identifying these signs can prompt earlier referral and support. While the findings are promising, further research is needed to standardize assessment protocols and validate clinical utility. Interdisciplinary collaboration may facilitate early detection, enhancing long-term outcomes through timely assistance.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/myprospero, identifier CRD42024626398.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1598182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Fragile X protein: neighborhood characteristics explain individual differences in IQ and adaptive behaviors of Fragile X syndrome.","authors":"Walker S McKinney, Austin Corsmeier, Ashley Dapore, Christina Gross, Kelli C Dominick, Craig A Erickson, Lauren M Schmitt","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1636987","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1636987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability and is caused by reduced or absent Fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein (FMRP). Cognitive and adaptive skills widely vary among individuals with FXS, and these individual phenotypic differences are not fully accounted for by individual differences in FMRP expression. Social-environmental factors, including social determinants of health, may help further explain these individual differences, but these environmental factors have been under-studied in FXS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>175 participants with FXS (123 males; age range: 4-72 years) completed the Stanford-Binet, Fifth Edition to estimate IQ and a blood draw to quantify peripheral FMRP levels. Caregivers from a subset of participants also completed the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales. Neighborhood-level social-environmental information was extracted by linking participants' home addresses to rankings of neighborhood resources (e.g., household income, pollution, healthcare access) from the Child Opportunity Index (COI). We calculated the unique variance in IQ and adaptive behaviors accounted for by these neighborhood-level social-environmental factors from the COI while covarying for FMRP expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Even after accounting for individual differences in FMRP, numerous neighborhood factors were associated with greater IQ in males with FXS, including social resources and indicators of healthcare access. Different social-environment factors were associated with stronger adaptive skills in males with FXS, including economic and educational resources. Almost no neighborhood factors were associated with clinical outcomes in females.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our finding of stronger links between neighborhood resources and clinical outcomes in males with FXS is consistent with previous work and may reflect increased reliance on social-environmental supports in males who typically have more significant intellectual and adaptive deficits than females. Consistent associations between greater social resources, higher IQ, and stronger adaptive skills suggest social support (e.g., social cohesion, resource and knowledge sharing) may be a particularly salient target for intervention. Associations between economic resources and adaptive communication skills also highlight the benefits of targeted economic supports for families affected by FXS. Together, our findings underscore the role of social determinants of health as key contributors to individual differences and the importance of considering these factors in clinical studies of FXS.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1636987"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network analysis of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in stroke patients.","authors":"Yingying Li, Yanchun Li, Zhenmei Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1663366","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1663366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stroke patients have a high incidence of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Previous studies on PTSD in stroke patients mainly focus on the risk factors and possible harms caused by PTSD and use the overall score to explain the severity of PTSD. The interconnections and effects of symptoms are ignored. Network analysis is a statistical method that can discover and visualize complex relationships between multiple variables. The purpose of this study was to identify the central and core symptoms in the symptom network of PTSD in stroke patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>315 patients diagnosed with cerebral apoplexy were selected as the study objects. Symptoms of PTSD were assessed using the Event Impact Scale (IES-R). The graph Gaussian model is used to estimate the network model. To clarify the network relationship and core symptoms of PTSD in stroke patients. The network's stability and accuracy are tested using the discard example method and non-parametric bootstrap method.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The network analysis found that A11 (I tried not to think about it) has the most substantial relationship with I3 (Other things kept making me think about it). I6 (I thought about it when I didn't mean to) has the most substantial relationship with I9 (Pictures about it popped into my mind). \"I was jumpy and easily startled\"(H10) is the core symptom of PTSD in stroke patients. The network structure is suitable for stability and accuracy tests.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is possible to reduce the severity of PTSD in stroke patients and promote their personal growth by taking timely intervention measures according to the identified central symptoms of PTSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1663366"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decomposition analysis of anxiety symptom differences between urban and rural Chinese university students: cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yusupujiang Tuersun, Yuying Xie, Qingping Zhou, Yao Yu, Wenyu Wang, Chenxi Wang, Siyuan Liu, Yuyao Song, Zhenning Liang, Yi Qian","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1639959","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1639959","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anxiety is a prevalent psychological disorder characterized by excessive worry and fear, which significantly impacts the mental health of university students. Anxiety symptoms are often misunderstood, leading to delays in seeking help. This issue is particularly notable among college students, who may experience anxiety due to academic pressures, societal expectations, and family issues. This study explores anxiety symptoms among urban and rural Chinese university students, aiming to analyze the differences and contributing factors. The primary goal of this study is to analyze the differences in anxiety symptoms between urban and rural Chinese university students and to decompose these differences into the contributions of various individual and socio-economic factors using the Fairlie decomposition model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted between January and February 2023, involving 7,230 valid questionnaires from undergraduate students across ten provinces in China. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) scale was used to assess anxiety symptoms. Demographic characteristics, academic performance, lifestyle factors, depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PHQ-9), and eHealth (SeHealth Literacy Scale) literacy were controlled for as covariates. The Fairlie decomposition model was applied to examine the contributing factors to the observed differences in anxiety symptoms between urban and rural students.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found that 38.91% of students reported experiencing anxiety symptoms. The prevalence was higher among rural students (40.2%) compared to urban students (36.8%). Significant factors contributing to this difference included depressive symptoms (51.07% contribution), exercise habits (7.07% contribution), and family income levels. Rural students were found to be at higher risk for anxiety symptoms, with those from lower-income families and those lacking exercise habits exhibiting greater anxiety.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results demonstrate a significant difference in anxiety symptoms between urban and rural college students in China. The disparity is mainly influenced by depressive symptoms, exercise habits, and family income. The findings suggest the need for tailored mental health interventions for rural students, with a focus on improving access to resources, promoting physical activity, and addressing socio-economic factors. The study underscores the importance of considering urban-rural differences in the development of effective mental health strategies for university students.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1639959"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12489574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Five-element music therapy based on emotion classification to improve sleep in patients with cancer-related depression: a multi-group randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Wenjun Wang, Yudong Sheng, Hongmei Xie, Jingtao Zhao, Yang Zhao, Rui Zhou, Nan Zhao, Yu Wu","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1633673","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1633673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleep disorders are very prevalent in cancer-related depression (CRD) patients, which seriously impacts their quality of life. But the curative effect of drugs is not ideal. Existing five-element music therapy (FEMT) is effective in improving sleep and emotion in cancer patients, but lacks attention to matching the patient's subjective emotion to the music. In this study, we propose the innovative \"FEMT based on emotion classification\", aiming to validate its effect on improving sleep and emotion in CRD patients, and to compare its efficacy with that of traditional FEMT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>120 CRD patients were randomly divided into the emotional classification music group (ECMG), the traditional music group (TMG), and the no music group (NMG). The outcome index was the difference between the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) on the 14th and 28th days and baseline. the exploratory indexes were 5-HT, IL-1 β, IL-2, and TNF-α.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both ECMG and TMG significantly improved the total score of PSQI, HAMD, and HAMA. ECMG significantly improved sleep disorder on the 14th day, and improved both sleep disorder and daytime dysfunction on the 28th day.TMG improved overall sleep quality and daytime dysfunction on the 28th day.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both therapies can effectively improve sleep disorders and negative emotions in patients with CRD. The former takes effect faster, while the latter has a more stable curative effect. The two therapies can be used as clinical adjuvant treatment, and personalized intervention programs can be selected according to patients' needs.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>https://www.chictr.org.cn/index.html, identifier ChiCTR2200062181.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1633673"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of delirium with post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Xia Yang, Fang Chen, Zhixia Jiang, Nan Xu, Xia Zhang, Qingqing Chen, Mingwei Cao","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1654136","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1654136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Delirium, a prevalent form of acute brain dysfunction, is characterized by perceptual disturbances that may lead to the formation of delusional memories. This pathological process could subsequently elevate the risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the findings of previous research are inconsistent, and the association has not been systematically evaluated. Therefore, this study attempts to clarify the epidemiological relationship between delirium and PTSD as well as its clinical significance through a thorough integration of the available data, aiming to provide an evidence-based foundation for the early identification of high-risk patients and the creation of focused intervention strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines during the literature search. Comprehensive searches were conducted in PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, Embase, Scopus, and CINAHL, covering all relevant literature published from each database's inception until April 3, 2025. The search strategy combined free-text terms with controlled vocabulary (MeSH/Emtree terms) related to delirium and PTSD. This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251031880).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 11 articles were included in this study. Meta-analysis of unadjusted ORs revealed that patients with delirium exhibited a significantly higher risk of developing PTSD compared to non-delirium controls (OR = 3.31, 95% CI [2.21-4.97]). After adjusting for potential confounders, the pooled results based on adjusted ORs continued to indicate a significant association between delirium and increased PTSD risk (OR = 3.96, 95% CI [1.85-8.50]). Six studies explored differences in PTSD scores between delirious and non-delirious patients. Of the four studies initially reporting median values, two were excluded following skewness assessment for non-normal data distribution. The data from the remaining two studies were transformed into mean ± <i>SD</i> format for subsequent analysis. A meta-analysis of these four trials revealed that patients with delirium scored significantly higher on PTSD symptoms than those without (SMD = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.22-0.78, Z = 3.459, P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis found a significant association between PTSD and delirium.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251031880, identifier CRD420251031880.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1654136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of a neuroscience informed psychoeducation intervention on cognitive, emotional, and substance use outcomes in college students: a pilot study.","authors":"Tara Rezapour, Kayla L McLean, Elena Psederska, Swara Chokshi, Khashayar Niki Maleki, Hamed Ekhtiari, Jasmin Vassileva","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1655909","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1655909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite revolutionary advances in understanding the neurobiology of substance use, these insights have not been translated into effective prevention or intervention programs. To address this gap, we developed <i>Neuroscience-Informed Psychoeducation for Addiction</i> (NIPA), a mobile app designed to enhance metacognitive awareness, increase cognitive resilience, and promote neurocognitive skills for stress coping and substance misuse prevention. NIPA targets key cognitive functions-attention, memory, cognitive flexibility, and decision-making -by integrating neuroscience-based psychoeducation with gamified neurocognitive tasks and metacognitive training to enhance engagement and real-life application.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we aimed to examine whether using a neuroscience-based approach could change young adults' attitudes and intentions to use drugs and alcohol, and improve their executive functions, emotional health, and decision-making.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Sixty-eight undergraduates from a large urban public university participated in this pilot study. Eligibility criteria included: age ≥18, prior alcohol/tobacco/cannabis/other drug use, and ability to download and complete the app. Prior to the intervention, participants completed self-report cognitive, emotional, and substance use questionnaires; these were repeated after completing four 20-minute-long NIPA sessions. NIPA incorporates metacognitive training and game-based neurocognitive tasks delivered through cartoons, animations, and videos to increase awareness about the effects of drugs and alcohol on brain and cognition. Pre-post intervention changes were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank and binomial tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings reveal significant reductions from pre- to post-intervention assessment in self-reported deficits in executive function (Z=-7.11; <i>p</i><0.001) and emotional distress including depression (Z=-2.58; <i>p</i>=0.010) and anxiety (Z=-2.49; <i>p</i>=0.013), and an increase in metacognitive awareness (Z=-3.07; <i>p</i>=0.002). Additionally, assessment of decision-making revealed reduced delay discounting of large magnitude rewards (Z=-2.11; <i>p</i>=0.035) and increased probability discounting of small probabilities (Z=-3.177; <i>p</i>=0.001), indicating increased sensitivity to uncertainty. Finally, participants reported significantly lower intentions to use and lower actual use of nicotine and cannabis, and lower binge drinking from pre- to post-intervention assessment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These preliminary results support the potential of NIPA as an effective tool for increasing metacognitive awareness and enhancing cognitive resilience against stress and uncertainty. Future studies with larger samples, including a control group and follow-up assessments, are required to support these findings and assess the long-term effects of the intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1655909"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden and trends of major depressive disorders among women of childbearing age and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: insights from the global burden of disease study 2021.","authors":"Guobin Liao, Jiaoxue Wang, Qiaozhi Yu, Honglin Ma, Hezhong Yan, Zhaoyun He, Jun Tang","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1630601","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1630601","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibits a pronounced female predominance, contributing substantially to disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) among women of childbearing age (WCBA; 15-49 years). The COVID-19 pandemic intensified this burden via psychosocial stressors and disrupted healthcare access, yet integrated analyses of pre- and post-pandemic trends are scarce.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Leveraging GBD 2021 data, we assessed MDD prevalence, incidence, and DALYs among WCBA globally, regionally, and nationally (1990-2021). Burden estimates were reported as point values with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Temporal trends were quantified via estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and absolute percentage change (PC). We employed autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models to compare pre-pandemic (1990-2019) and pandemic-inclusive (1990-2021) projections through 2036.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Global prevalent cases among WCBA surged from 49.6 million (95% UI: 41.6 to 60.2) in 1990 to 85.6 million (95% UI: 70.3 to 103.8) in 2021, reflecting a 25.7% acceleration during 2019-2021 versus 1.2% annual growth pre-pandemic. Prevalence rates declined marginally pre-2019 (EAPC: -0.38, 95% CI: -0.48 to -0.29) but reversed sharply post-pandemic (EAPC: 11.47, 95% CI: -0.56 to 24.95), reaching 4,394.55 per 100,000 population in 2021. Regionally, middle and low-middle socio-demographic index (SDI) regions accounted for over 55% of global cases (23 million [95% UI: 18.9 to 27.8] and 24.2 million [95% UI: 19.6 to 29.9], respectively) in 2021, while low SDI regions showed the fastest growth (160% since 1990). High-SDI regions exhibited extremes: the highest 2021 prevalence rate (5915.76 per 100,000 population) and steepest post-2019 surge (EAPC: 13.66). In 2021, the prevalence rates were highest in high-income North America (8403.17 per 100,000 population) and lowest in East Asia (1856.99 per 100,000 population). Nationally, India reported the highest prevalent cases (16.3 million, 19% of global share), while Greenland had the highest prevalence rate (13,822.85 per 100,000 population). Adolescents (15-19 years) experienced the largest pandemic-driven increase (30.06% PC), except in East Asia where prevalence rates declined (-11.53%). ARIMA projections suggest 103.06 million global prevalent cases by 2036-32% above pre-pandemic estimates-with high SDI regions persisting at 5,617.68 per 100,000 population.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Our analysis reveals a dual crisis: high SDI regions face entrenched high prevalence rates (5,617.68 per 100,000 population projected), while low SDI regions carry substantial burden (4,593.77 per 100,000) with rapid case expansion (160% since 1990). The pandemic disproportionately impacted adolescents globally (+30.06% PC), yet East Asia demonstrated resilience (-11.53% PC). These findings demand stratified interventions: digital mental health tools in high-income s","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1630601"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12489947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Media portrayals of assisted suicide before, during, and after legalization changes: content analysis of the reporting in Austrian newspapers.","authors":"Paul Pürcher, Benedikt Till, Thomas Niederkrotenthaler","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1617602","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1617602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Assisted suicide (AS) was legalized in Austria in 2022 for adults in specific circumstances, adding Austria to a list of several countries where AS has recently been legalized. The topic has been discussed controversially in the Austrian public, which has been reflected in the media reporting. Information about the content of media reports on AS is currently lacking although it is important from a suicide prevention perspective. The aim of this study was to analyze newspaper media items on AS from Austrian daily newspapers based on media guidelines for the reporting on suicide and to adapt them in the process to the specific topic of AS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Media items from 11 Austrian daily newspapers from the time period 2017 to 2022 were retrieved based on 12 predefined keywords. A total of <i>n</i> = 906 articles were analyzed with regard to 12 characteristics advised against in media guidelines and 7 recommended characteristics. We compared the quality of media items between three time periods: period 1 (before the initiation of legislation change regarding AS in Austria, 01/2017-12/2019), period 2 (around the decision of legalization of AS, 01/2020-12/2021), and period 3 (after the implementation of AS in Austria, 01/2022-12/2022).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several characteristics advised against in suicide reporting guidelines (e.g., romanticization/glorification of AS) were relatively frequent across all three time periods, while recommended characteristics (e.g., references to mental health services) were less common. Comparison across time showed that stigmatization and romanticization/glorification, though prevalent, declined after AS was implemented, whereas reporting on epidemics and waves of AS peaked immediately before its implementation.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This content analysis revealed distinct patterns in media reporting on AS and showed that reports were less aligned with media guidelines than previous analyses on non-assisted suicide. Some patterns identified across all time periods, particularly tendencies to stigmatize or romanticize AS before the legislation, likely reflect polarized public attitudes, which warrant attention in education efforts. This research highlights the importance of specific aspects of media guidelines during public debate on AS and the need to tailor them to this topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1617602"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12488708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}