Frontiers in Neurology最新文献

{"title":"Impact of hemoglobin levels on acute ischemic stroke severity.","authors":"Shaima Abuhulayqah, Fajar Abdulrazzak Aldulijan, Alaa Nabil Turkistani, Albatoul Fahad Almulhim, Cereen Fahad Almulhim, Shahid Bashir, Eman Nassim Ali","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1534746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1534746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Stroke is one of the most common causes of disability and mortality worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, it is a crucial health issue. Ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke in this area, and understanding its relationship with hemoglobin (Hgb) levels is vital. To date, no study has established an exact relationship between Hgb levels and stroke severity. This study assessed the association between Hgb levels and the severity of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) at presentation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study of patients admitted and diagnosed with AIS between 2013 and 2017. The exclusion criteria included other stroke types (such as hemorrhagic or venous infarction), patients with a history of internal bleeding, and pregnant and lactating women. The patients were divided into three groups based on Hgb levels: low, average, and high. Correlations were analyzed between these groups and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, stroke outcomes at discharge (cured, improved, or mortality decreased), and stroke subtype, as determined and classified by the TOAST classification criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Pearson correlation coefficient showed a weak positive correlation between Hgb levels and NIHSS scores. Neither stroke outcomes nor stroke types showed significant correlations with mean Hgb level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this retrospective study on a small cohort of patients diagnosed with AIS indicate that higher Hgb levels at hospital admission are associated with greater stroke severity, as measured by the NIHSS score. However, no significant effect was observed on stroke outcome at discharge or the TOAST classification.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1534746"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NINJ1 and MMP9: potential biomarkers for intracranial atherosclerosis plaque vulnerability.","authors":"Xiao-Lian Wei, Xin Da, Yu-Ge Zhang, Zi-Ang Li, Bing-Jie Liu, Rui-Fang Yan, Hua Zhong, Bin Yuan","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1552948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1552948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>To utilize high-resolution vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI) to identify the characteristic features of culprit plaques in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) vessels and evaluate the predictive value of serum nerve injury-induced protein 1 (NINJ1) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) for the vulnerability of intracranial atherosclerotic plaques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (sICAS) patients who underwent high-resolution vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI) and healthy individuals. Patients were divided into non-enhancement/enhancement, moderate/severe stenosis, and positive/negative remodeling groups. Multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to evaluate the predictive value of NINJ1 and MMP9 for plaque enhancement, severe stenosis, and positive remodeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NINJ1 and MMP9 levels were higher in the plaque enhancement group compared to the non-enhancement group (107.04 vs. 93.49, <i>p</i> = 0.001; 245.35 vs. 227.16, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and were independent risk factors for plaque enhancement (OR: 1.036, <i>p</i> = 0.003; OR: 1.022, <i>p</i> = 0.008). The area under the curve (AUC) for predicting plaque enhancement by NINJ1 and MMP9 were 0.676 and 0.667, respectively, and the combined AUC was 0.740. In the severe stenosis group, NINJ1 and MMP9 levels were also higher than in the moderate stenosis group (106.28 vs. 94.54, <i>p</i> = 0.006; 243.88 vs. 229.38, <i>p</i> = 0.014), with both being independent risk factors (OR: 1.027, <i>p</i> = 0.012; OR: 1.017, <i>p</i> = 0.027). The AUC for predicting severe stenosis by NINJ1 and MMP9 were 0.652 and 0.646, respectively, and the combined AUC was 0.686. For the positive remodeling group, NINJ1 and MMP9 levels were significantly elevated (108.73 vs. 97.27, <i>p</i> = 0.007; 248.36 vs. 230.42, <i>p</i> = 0.002), and both were independent risk factors (OR: 1.026, <i>p</i> = 0.015; OR: 1.023, <i>p</i> = 0.004). The AUC for predicting positive remodeling by NINJ1 and MMP9 were 0.642 and 0.672, respectively, and the combined AUC was 0.722.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NINJ1 and MMP9 can serve as independent predictors factors for intracranial atherosclerotic plaque enhancement, severe stenosis, and positive remodeling. NINJ1 and MMP9 have the potential to be serum biomarkers for the vulnerability of intracranial atherosclerotic plaques.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1552948"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-regional sequential pain syndrome.","authors":"Xiao Yang, Kai-Jun Zhao, Jian-Min Liu","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1553455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1553455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To report a novel clinical entity, \"Multi-regional Sequential Pain Syndrome\" (MRSPS), and evaluate the relationship between hypoperfusion, cryptogenic vertebral artery dissection (CVAD), and MRSPS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 59-year-old female patient, with a chronic MRSPS condition spanning 10-30 years, underwent a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation including cranial CTA, MRI, DSA, and CT perfusion, culminating in the identification of CVAD via dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (DCE-CT). The treatment strategy integrated repairing CVADs with stent implantation to address the hypoperfusion and MRSPS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following intervention, hypoperfusion achieved complete improvement, and the patient achieved the complete resolution of pain and vertigo, with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0 at the 1-year follow-up, signifying full neurological recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CVADs, a key cause of brain tissue hypoperfusion in MRSPS, can be effectively treated by repair to alleviate the syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1553455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent technology development in radiotherapy for intracranial meningiomas.","authors":"Rebecca Ungar, Joshua Kilian-Meneghin, Brett Eckroate, Sabin Motwani, Ning Yue, Ke Nie, Zhenyu Xiong, Yin Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1568898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1568898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Meningiomas are the most common central nervous system (CNS) tumors in the United States. Radiotherapy plays an important role in the management of meningiomas and has been established as an effective means of local tumor control. The recent technology development in artificial intelligence, understanding of meningioma biology and molecular imaging, will likely impact the clinical management of meningiomas, including treatment efficacy, efficiency and safety. This review summarizes recent technological advances that may influence radiotherapy management for meningiomas, including external beam radiation therapy, proton therapy and brachytherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1568898"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Muscle-specific kinase levels in blood are an early diagnostic biomarker for SOD1-93A mouse model of ALS.","authors":"Shuuichi Mori, Heying Zhou, Takuya Omura, Hiroki Tsumoto, Yuri Miura, Kazuhiro Shigemoto","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1556120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1556120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuromuscular junction (NMJ) denervation is an early event preceding motor neuron loss in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Progressive loss of the NMJ leads to irreversible muscle weakness and atrophy. Muscle-specific kinase (MuSK), locally expressed at the postsynaptic membrane of the NMJ, is activated by agrin released from motor nerve terminals and is essential for NMJ maintenance and regeneration. Here, we found that the progression of NMJ denervation prior to the onset of muscle weakness in SOD1-93A mouse model of ALS correlated with increased serum MuSK immunoreactivity and elevated MuSK expression throughout the skeletal muscle. Our results suggest that neuromuscular failure associated with the onset of muscle weakness increases MuSK expression throughout the muscle, which is subsequently cleaved by proteolytic enzymes to increase MuSK immunoreactivity in the blood. These results demonstrate that the level of serum MuSK immunoreactivity may indicate the early phase of NMJ denervation and serve as a biomarker for assessing the progression of other types of ALS and therapeutic benefits in preclinical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1556120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunotherapy for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a comparative analysis of efficacy and safety of azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus, and rituximab.","authors":"Jing Zhou, Xiaolin Yang, Xinyi Wang, Bin Li, Yun Xu, Haoran Zhang, Yinxin Zhu, Xiaoming Wang, Jinzhou Feng","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1559118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1559118","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;Biologic therapies are anticipated to dominate the treatment landscape for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) in the future. Despite this, many patients in China continue to use off-label medications due to economic and other constraints. A multicenter NMOSD cohort study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus (TAC), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), azathioprine (AZA), and rituximab (RTX). The objective of this study is to provide a clinical evidence-based reference for patients who still require the use of these off-label medications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This retrospective study included NMOSD patients treated with TAC (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 24), MMF (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 74), AZA (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 34), and RTX (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 81). Of these, 81 underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) activity analysis during follow-up. The observation period commenced with the treatment initiation and extended until August 31, 2023. The primary efficacy outcome was the time to the first relapse post-immunotherapy initiation, The hazard ratio (HR) was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model to compare the relative risk of the first relapse between different treatment groups (e.g., RTX, MMF, TAC, and AZA). Secondary outcomes encompassed annualized relapse rate (ARR), MRI activity, drug persistence, and relapse rate (RR). The safety outcome was the occurrence of severe adverse drug reaction events.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 213 patients were included in the study. During the first year of immunotherapy, patients treated with RTX (HR = 18.41, 95% CI: 4.039-83.87; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05) and MMF (HR = 22.72, 95% CI: 4.783-108.0; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001) experienced a significantly lower risk of relapse compared to those treated with tacrolimus (TAC). The risk of first relapse in the AZA group was higher compared to the RTX group (HR = 2.786, 95% CI: 0.4771-16.27; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.2551) and the MMF group (HR = 4.005, 95% CI: 0.5973-26.86; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.1529), although the differences were not statistically significant. In the second year, this trend continued with RTX (HR = 6.200, 95% CI: 1.825-21.06; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0034) and MMF (HR = 6.017, 95% CI: 1.782-20.32; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0039) demonstrating a lower relapse risk compared to oral TAC. Similarly, RTX and MMF were more effective than oral AZA in reducing relapse risk (RTX: HR = 3.510, 95% CI: 1.202-10.25; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0216; MMF: HR = 3.909, 95% CI: 1.318-11.59; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0140). The difference in the risk of the first relapse between the MMF and RTX groups was not statistically significant (HR = 0.7217, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.7156 in the first year; HR = 0.9351, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.9003 in the second year) although the difference was not statistically significant. The risk of first relapse was higher in the group treated with oral conventional immunosuppressants (ISTs) compared to the RTX group, (HR = 2.170, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.1449 in the first year; HR = 1.820, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; ","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1559118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The predictive value of stereotactic surgery guided by CTA angiographic point sign for secondary hematoma expansion following surgery in patients with moderate-volume basal ganglia hematoma.","authors":"Changpin Liao, Zepeng Ni, Zhen Lu, Jiancheng Liang, Shengde Nong, Jing Ye, Xianfu Wei","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1522598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1522598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the efficacy of the CTA angiographic point sign in forecasting secondary hematoma expansion following stereotactic surgery in patients with moderate-volume basilar ganglia hematoma and it's potential to enhance postoperative outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 143 patients with moderate-volume basal ganglia hematoma (hematoma volume between 30 mL and 60 mL) admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery at Baise People's Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022. Stereotactic surgery guided by the CTA angiographic point sign was conducted in 79 patients (experimental group), while stereotactic surgery guided by the computed tomography (CT) scan was performed in 64 patients (control group). The short-term clinical results (incidence of secondary hematoma expansion, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score within 30 days, death, surgical complications) and long-term clinical outcomes [Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) score after 6 months] were analysed by comparing the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No subsequent hematoma expansion occurrences transpired in the experimental group post-surgery, but 12 (18.75%) such events were observed in the control group following the procedure. The experimental group experienced 27 postoperative lung infections (34.18%), whereas the control group had 33 infections (51.56%). The average GCS score was (9.46 ± 2.23) in the experimental group and (7.94 ± 4.68) in the control group. The mortality rate was 2 (2.53%) in the experimental group and 8 (12.50%) in the control group. The treatment efficacy rate (MRS) at 6 months was 59 cases (74.68%) in the experimental group and 35 cases (54.69%) in the control group. The disparity between the two groups was statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CTA angiographic point-guided stereotactic surgery can significantly diminish the incidence of subsequent hematoma expansion following the procedure, enhancing patient clinical outcomes and postoperative quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1522598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12063731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nationwide trends in steroid therapy for vestibular neuritis: insights from South Korea's health insurance review and assessment data.","authors":"Chul Young Yoon, Tae Hoon Kong, Young Joon Seo, Ji-Yun Park","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1560388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1560388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While debates persist regarding the benefits and drawbacks of steroid use in treating vestibular neuritis (VN), few studies have analyzed real-world prescription patterns and clinical outcomes. This study aimed to fill this gap by leveraging South Korea's Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) big data to explore the actual use of steroids in clinical practice and their associated patient characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using HIRA data from 2007 to 2022, 237,673 VN patients were retrospectively analyzed and categorized into steroid (<i>n</i> = 23,235) and non-steroid groups (<i>n</i> = 214,438). Demographic, clinical, and economic variables, including age, sex, hospital type, medication use, and costs, were statistically compared using chi-square and t-tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Steroid prescriptions accounted for 9.8% of VN cases, predominantly in females (63.2%) and younger patients (2.7% in the 20-24 age group vs. 1.6% in the non-steroid group). Prescription rates declined significantly in patients aged 55 years and older. Outpatients (87.2%) and those treated in clinics (65.1% for males, 75.3% for females) were more likely to receive steroids. Steroid prescriptions were also associated with lower hospital costs and insurance payments compared to the non-steroid group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is the first to analyze real-world steroid usage for VN through big data in Korea, offering valuable insights into clinical practices and prescription trends. Clinicians, especially in primary and outpatient clinic, are more likely to favor steroid treatment and avoid further testing or treatment when they are confident of diagnosing VN. However, the high rate of VN diagnosis in women suggests that vestibular migraine may be underdiagnosed and steroids may be misused. By identifying demographic and economic factors associated with steroid use, the findings highlight the importance of establishing evidence-based guidelines to optimize VN management in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1560388"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12061983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143991120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of impulse control disorders on cognitive decline in <i>de novo</i> Parkinson's disease: a study based on structural MRI.","authors":"Ruohong Xu, Beisheng Yang, Juanling Li, Xiaofan Wei, Limin Zhang, Jiaqi Tian, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1565046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1565046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Impulse control disorders (ICDs) are common neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), which are prevalent among patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Current research has not clarified the impact of ICDs on cognitive function nor provided sufficient objective evidence. This study aims to explore the effects of ICDs on cognitive functions in PD patients, and further investigate associated cerebral structural changes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two hundred PD patients with normal cognition (PDNC) and 69 healthy controls were included from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI), among these PDNC, 81 patients with \"pure\" ICDs (p-ICDs), 69 ICDs combined with other NPS (c-ICDs), and 50 patients without NPS. The cognitive status of each PD patient was obtained every year in four-year follow-up. The difference in conversion rates was obtained by chi-square test. Survival analysis was used to explore the conversion time difference among these groups. Further analysis was conducted on the potential structural difference. Finally, the correlation between significant brain structural changes and neuropsychological assessments were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survival analysis suggested that the conversion time of p-ICDs from normal cognition to MCI was significantly delayed compared to NPS-negative, with no significant difference relative to the c-ICDs. There is no significant difference in conversion rates among them. Morphological analysis revealed that compared to the NPS-negative group, the p-ICDs and c-ICDs groups exhibited thickness changes in certain regions (Bonferroni-corrected, <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that ICDs might exert a protective effect against cognitive decline, potentially delay the occurrence of MCI in PDNC, which could be associated with alterations in cortical thickness.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1565046"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12061859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between composite dietary antioxidant index and cognitive function impairment in the elderly: evidence from NHANES 2011-2014.","authors":"Yingying Qian, Qiang Liu, Tianlang Li","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1529989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1529989","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Antioxidant-rich diets are posited as protective factors against cognitive function impairment. The Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) serves as a pivotal measure of antioxidant intake, yet its relationship with cognitive function impairment has been sparsely investigated. Herein, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between CDAI and cognitive function impairment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2011 to 2014 was conducted to examine the relationship between the CDAI and cognitive function impairment by multivariate logistic regression, and its nonlinearity was verified by restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression. Moreover, a risk prediction nomogram model containing the key factors determined by logistic regression methods was constructed to estimate the probability of cognitive function impairment in older adults.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with participants with normal cognitive performance, those with low cognitive performance were likely to have higher age, lower education, lower household income, and lower CDAI score. In a multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for confounding variables, the CDAI score was associated with the CERAD word learning subtest was still significant, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was 0.94 (0.90,0.98), while the association with AFT and DSST was not statistically significant. The RCS curves indicate that there was a smooth L-shaped correlation between CDAI index and cognitive performance. Moreover, the nomogram model based on the key factors determined by logistic regression has a good predictive value for cognitive function impairment (AUC = 0.747, 95%CI:0.726-0.768).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study determined a nonlinear and negative association between CDAI and cognitive function impairment in the US elderly population. And a risk prediction nomogram model was constructed to estimate the probability of cognitive function impairment in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1529989"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12061890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}