Frontiers in Neurology最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling BID: a key biomarker in apoptosis post-intracerebral hemorrhage.","authors":"Kun Dai, Hong-Rong Zhang, Shuai-Yu Ren, Ming-Pei Zhao, Neng Wang, Hong-Zhi Gao, De-Zhi Kang, Zong-Qing Zheng","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1533558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1533558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Apoptosis plays a significant role in secondary brain injury following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Currently, the mechanisms related to cell apoptosis after cerebral hemorrhage are still under investigation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between human ICH patients and normal individuals from the GEO database and conducted GO and KEGG functional enrichment analyses on these DEGs. We then constructed a PPI network and used the MECDE algorithm to identify key genes potentially involved in apoptosis after ICH. Additionally, we identified miRNAs that might regulate apoptotic genes in an mRNA-miRNA interaction network. Finally, we validated the bioinformatics results in a rat ICH model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the human ICH model, 645 DEGs were identified. GO and KEGG analyses indicated that these DEGs are primarily involved in immune response, inflammatory response, and apoptosis. GSEA analysis showed significant enrichment of DEGs in the apoptotic process. By comparing with apoptosis-related genes in the MSigDB database, we identified 110 apoptosis-related genes among the 645 DEGs. Further PPI and MOCDE analyses of these apoptosis-related genes revealed that BID might be a key gene involved in apoptosis after ICH, which was validated within the rat model of ICH. The mRNA-miRNA interactions network construction suggested that miR1225-3p may be an important miRNA involved in regulating BID expression after ICH.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BID plays a critical role in the regulation of apoptosis following intracerebral hemorrhage and serves as a key biomarker in the apoptotic process after hemorrhage.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1533558"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143648037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in cerebral cortex activation during upright standing tasks in individuals with chronic neck pain: an fNIRS study.","authors":"Chongwu Xiao, Qianfei Liang, Yugang Yang, Mingyu Mo, Weixiong Li, Huade Chen, Yaobin Long, Jinjun Huang","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1531314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2025.1531314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Studies show that individuals with chronic neck pain (CNP) exhibit postural control deficits, potentially contributing to persistent and recurrent pain. However, the neural mechanisms underlying these deficits in CNP remain unexplored despite their importance for developing effective rehabilitation strategies. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the neural activity during postural control using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), providing insights into the central mechanism underlying postural control deficits in individuals with CNP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 10 individuals with CNP (CNP group) and 10 healthy controls (HC group) were assessed under three conditions: Task 1, standing on a force plate with eyes open and both feet; Task 2, standing on a force plate with eyes closed and both feet; Task 3, standing on a force plate with eyes closed and one foot. Cerebral cortex hemodynamic reactions, including bilateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), pre-motor cortex and supplementary motor area (PMC/SMA), primary motor cortex (M1), and primary somatosensory cortex (S1) were measured using fNIRS. Balance parameters, including the sway area, total sway length, mean velocity, and center of pressure (COP) amplitude in the anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) directions, were measured using a force plate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Tasks 1 and 2, no differences were observed between both groups in balance parameters. However, the CNP group exhibited significantly higher activation in the left PMC/SMA (<i>F</i> = 4.788, <i>p</i> = 0.042) and M1 (<i>F</i> = 9.598, <i>p</i> = 0.006) in Task 1 and lower activation in the left (<i>F</i> = 4.952, <i>p</i> = 0.039) and right (<i>F</i> = 6.035, <i>p</i> = 0.024) PFC in Task 2 compared to that of the HC group. In Task 3, the CNP group exhibited a significantly larger COP amplitude in the AP direction (<i>F</i> = 7.057, <i>p</i> = 0.016) compared to that of the HC group. Additionally, activation in the right M1 (<i>F</i> = 7.873, <i>p</i> = 0.012) was significantly higher than in the HC group. Correlation analysis in Task 3 revealed stronger associations between the parameters in the CNP group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that individuals with CNP exhibit distinct patterns of cerebral cortex activities and postural control deficits. The PFC, M1, and PMC/SMA were involved in maintaining upright standing balance, and cerebral cortex changes associated with upright standing balance provide a more sensitive indicator of postural control deficits than peripheral balance parameters in individuals with CNP.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1531314"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143648073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new nomogram for predicting 90-day outcomes of intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischaemic stroke.","authors":"Yingjie Zhao, Rui Zhang, Pan Li, Zhen Zhang, Huan Yu, Zhaoya Su, Yandong Xia, Aiguo Meng","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1512913","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1512913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to construct and validate a new nomogram to predict the risk of poor outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) after intravenous thrombolytic therapy (IVT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 425 patients who received IVT within 4.5 h of stroke onset were included in a retrospective study. All the patients were divided into training (70%, <i>n</i> = 298) and validation cohorts (30%, <i>n</i> = 127). Poor outcome (defined as a 90-day modified Rankin Scale score 3-5) was the primary outcome. Logistic regression was used for analysis of independent risk factors for poor outcome in patients with AIS. Nomograms of poor outcome in AIS patients were constructed using R software. Discrimination and calibration of the models were assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and calibration plots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that SII (OR = 1.001, 95% CI: 1.000-1.002, <i>p</i> = 0.008), SIRI (OR = 1.584, 95% CI: 1.122-2.236, <i>p</i> = 0.009), NIHSS (OR = 1.101, 95% CI: 1.044-1.160, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and history of diabetes mellitus (OR = 2.582, 95% CI: 1.285-5.188, <i>p</i> = 0.008) were the independent risk factors for the occurrence of poor outcome in AIS patients. The poor outcome nomogram for AIS patients was constructed based on the above independent risk factors. The training and validation cohort AUCs of the nomogram were 0.854 (95% CI: 0.807-0.901) and 0.855 (95% CI: 0.783-0.927), respectively. The prediction models were well calibrated in both the training and validation cohorts. The net benefit of the nomograms was better when the threshold probability ranges were 4.28-66.4% and 4.01-67.8% for the training and validation cohorts, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>New nomogram includes NIHSS, SII, SIRI and diabetes as variables with the potential to predict the risk of 90-day outcomes in patients with AIS following IVT.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1512913"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computer-assisted stereoelectroencephalography planning: center-specific priors enhance planning.","authors":"Debayan Dasgupta, Cameron A Elliott, Aidan G O'Keeffe, Roman Rodionov, Kuo Li, Vejay N Vakharia, Farhan A Mirza, M Zubair Tahir, Martin M Tisdall, Anna Miserocchi, Andrew W McEvoy, Sebastien Ourselin, Rachel E Sparks, John S Duncan","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1514442","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1514442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to refine computer-assisted planning (CAP) of SEEG implantations by adding spatial constraints from prior SEEG trajectories (\"Priors\") to improve safety and reduce manual adjustments, without increasing planning time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective validation based on 159 previously implanted trajectories (11 cases) planned by the clinical standard CAP and CAP constrained with spatial priors (\"CAP + Priors\"). Constraints included 31 target and 51 entry zones, created from 98 consecutive patients (763 implanted SEEG trajectories). Each of the 159 previously implanted trajectories was planned by two fellows, once with CAP and once with CAP + Priors, in a randomized order. The time taken to generate the initial computer-generated plan (T1) and the user-edited final plan (T2) were recorded together with the proportions of electrodes that required subsequent adjustments. Clinical implantability was assessed via a blinded review of each trajectory by five independent epilepsy neurosurgeons with expertise in SEEG implantation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Expert raters considered 88.5% of trajectories implantable, with no difference in acceptability between CAP alone and CAP + Priors (<i>p</i> = 0.79). Median (IQR) T1 for CAP to produce complete automated implantation was 4.6 (0.85) min vs. CAP + Priors was 6.3 (2.6) min (<i>p</i> = 0.03). There was no significant difference in T2 (time to complete surgeon-edited plan): CAP median (IQR) 105 (22) min, and CAP + Priors median (IQR) 96 (68) min (<i>p</i> = 0.92). The CAP + Priors risk score was significantly lower than that for the previously actually implanted trajectories for the 11 plans analyzed (<i>p</i> = 0.004), and no different from CAP alone planning. A significant reduction was observed in manual adjustments required with CAP + Priors in the cingulate gyrus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Using spatial priors from previous implantations enhances SEEG CAP and increases the granularity of trajectory planning. This approach facilitates more standardized planning and allows for the incorporation of experience from multiple expert centers, decreasing the risk of the resultant trajectories and reducing the proportion of trajectories that require manual planning without significantly increasing planning time.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1514442"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to rehabilitation exercise and influencing factors among people with acute stroke: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Feng Xing, Juan Liu, Chang Mei, Jingnan Chen, Yi Wen, Jianrong Zhou, Shiqi Xie","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1554949","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1554949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-stroke rehabilitation exercise is recognized as the most effective and preferred intervention to reduce disability rates in patients. However, adherence to exercise is low among stroke patients. Previous research has mainly focused on the negative psychological factors influencing adherence, while the positive psychological aspects remain underexplored. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the factors influencing adherence to rehabilitation exercises in acute stroke patients, especially the positive psychological factors, in order to reduce the disability rate of stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From October 2023 to March 2024, a total of 227 patients with acute stroke were selected from a Grade-A hospital in Chongqing, China, using total sampling method. The patients' general demographic data, Stroke Functional Exercise Adherence Questionnaire Scale (EAQ), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), and Index of Subjective Well-Being Scale (IWB) were assessed. ANOVA, <i>t</i>-test analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression models were used to explore the influencing factors in people with acute stroke.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total score for rehabilitation exercise adherence in acute stroke patients was 38.41 ± 11.13, corresponding to a mean adherence rate of 68.6%. Factors influencing adherence to rehabilitation exercise in acute stroke patients were identified, including age (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), presence of ICU stay (<i>p</i> = 0.03), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), and subjective well-being (<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adherence to rehabilitation exercises in acute stroke patients was found to be medium. Our findings highlight that age, presence of ICU stay, and NIHSS score were found to have negative correlations with adherence. While a positive correlation was observed with subjective well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1554949"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning, clinical-radiomics approach with HIM for hemorrhagic transformation prediction after thrombectomy and treatment.","authors":"Sheng Hu, Junyu Liu, Jiayi Hong, Yuting Chen, Ziwen Wang, Jibo Hu, Shiying Gai, Xiaochao Yu, Jingjing Fu","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1471274","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1471274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to develop a clinical-radiomics model using hyperattenuated imaging markers (HIM), characterized by hyperattenuation on head non-contrast computed tomography immediately after thrombectomy, to predict the risk of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in patients undergoing endovascular mechanical thrombectomy (MT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 159 consecutive patients with HIM were screened immediately after MT for inclusion. The datasets were randomly divided into training and test cohorts at a ratio of 8:2. An optimal machine learning (ML) algorithm was used for model development. Subsequently, models for clinical, radiomics, and clinical-radiomics were developed. The performance of the models was measured using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and decision curve analyses (DCA). The interpretability and predictor importance of the model were analyzed using Shapley additive explanations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 159 patients, 100 (62.9%) exhibited HT. The support vector machine (SVM) was the optimal ML algorithm for constructing the models. In predicting HT, the areas under the curve (AUCs) of the clinical model were 0.918 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.869-0.966) in the training cohort and 0.854 (95% CI = 0.724-0.984) in the test cohort. The AUCs of the radiomics model were 0.869 (95% CI = 0.802-0.936) and 0.829 (95% CI = 0.668-0.990), while those of the clinical-radiomics model were 0.944 (95% CI = 0.905-0.984) and 0.925 (95% CI = 0.832-1.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The suggested clinical-radiomics model based on HIM is a reliable method that can provide a risk evaluation of HT in individuals undergoing MT.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1471274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relevance of persistent perfusion deficits on clinical outcomes after successful endovascular treatment: a prospective serial magnetic resonance study.","authors":"Adrián Valls Carbó, Alicia Palomar, Carlos Laredo, Mariano Werner, Laura Dorado, Sebastià Remollo, Josep Munuera, Josep Puig, Yolanda Silva, Natalia Pérez de la Ossa, Meritxell Gomis, Alejandro Bustamante, Carlos Castaño, Lucía Muñoz, Sira Domenech, Mikel Terceño, Mònica Millán, María Hernández-Pérez","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1478240","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1478240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Half of the patients who undergo successful recanalization after endovascular treatment (EVT) experience poor clinical outcomes. Impaired microvascular reperfusion (IMR) may explain this lack of improvement, but its frequency and clinical significance remain unclear. The study aims to describe the frequency and associated factors of IMR.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a study on a cohort of patients with anterior large artery occlusion, treated with EVT at a single center, who achieved mTICI ≥2C. Perfusion MRI was obtained at arrival, up to 2 h after EVT (post-EVT MRI), and on day 5. IMR was observed only on the post-EVT relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) maps as voxels within the follow-up ischemic lesion, exhibiting a > 15% asymmetry compared to a mirror homolog, in the absence of internal carotid occlusion, hemorrhagic transformation, or arterial reocclusion. Patients with an IMR volume greater than 5 mL were defined as having significant IMR. IMR was analyzed as a binary variable (presence/absence using the 5 mL cut-off) and by total and relative volume.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IMR was present in 8 out of 33 patients (24.2%), with 4 out of 11 (36.4%) having mTICI 2C, and 4 out of 22 (18.2%) having mTICI 3. After adjustment for relevant variables, absolute and relative IMR volumes were associated with higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores at 5 days (adjusted beta =0.50 [0.05, 0.96], <i>p</i> = 0.03) and at 24 h (adjusted beta = 0.11 [0.02, 0.19], <i>p</i> = 0.01). No independent associations were found between IMR and the 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IMR is present in one-quarter of patients and is associated with worse early neurological outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1478240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gait impairments in patients with bilateral vestibulopathy and chronic unilateral vestibulopathy.","authors":"Anissa Boutabla, Rebecca Revol, Marys Franco Carvalho, Gautier Grouvel, Julie Corre, Jean-François Cugnot, Samuel Cavuscens, Maurizio Ranieri, Meichan Zhu, Christopher McCrum, Raymond van de Berg, Stéphane Armand, Angélica Pérez Fornos, Nils Guinand","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1547444","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1547444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vestibular deficits often lead to unsteady gait, affecting quality of life and increasing fall risk. This study aimed to identify gait impairments in chronic vestibulopathy. Ten patients with bilateral vestibulopathy (BV), 10 patients with chronic unilateral vestibulopathy (UV), and 10 healthy participants (HS) participated. Spatio-temporal parameters were computed during walking at various self-selected walking speeds (slow, comfortable, and fast) using motion capture system with additional assessment usingclinical gait tests [functional gait assessment (FGA), tandem walk (TW), Timed Up and Go test (TUG)], and symptom severity [Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI)] were assessed and compared between the three groups. BV and UV patients showed significantly slower walking speeds, shorter step lengths, and broader step widths compared to HS, but similar cadence. Significant differences were also seen in stance phase, double and single support phases at comfortable and slow speeds, but not at fast speed. BV patients, but not UV patients, had worse FGA scores than HS, reflecting their reported difficulties in specific tasks requiring greater postural control. Tandem walk performance was lower in BV patients compared to the other groups, whereas there was no significant differences in TUG scores. Cluster analysis revealed two distinct clusters: one with all HS and most UV patients (70%), and another with most BV patients and 30% of UV. Overall, this study highlights how altered vestibular function impacts gait outcomes. These findings can aid clinicians in evaluating gait in patients with vestibular deficits and monitoring rehabilitation interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1547444"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in lower limb co-contraction calculations vary clinical interpretation of aquatic treadmill walking in typically developing and children with cerebral palsy.","authors":"Joseph W Harrington, Brian A Knarr, Vivek Dutt, David C Kingston","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1506326","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1506326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purposes of this study were to (1) investigate muscle co-contraction during aquatic (Wet) and conventional (Dry) treadmill walking at various speeds in typically developing (TD) and children with cerebral palsy (CP) and (2) explore how the clinical interpretation of co-contraction, using co-contraction indices (CCI), may vary depending on the method employed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen TD children (30 limbs, 7 M | 8F, 11.3 ± 4.1 yrs., 1.46 ± 0.18 m, 44.2 ± 16.8 kg) and 10 children with CP (20 limbs, 6 M | 4F, 13.1 ± 3.5 yrs., 1.54 ± 0.18 m, 53.2 ± 26.2 kg, 7 GMFCS I and 3 II) participated in this study. Muscle activity of the tibialis anterior (TA), rectus femoris (RF), medial gastrocnemius (MG), and semitendinosus (ST) was recorded during three 3-min walking trials on a Dry treadmill followed by a Wet treadmill. Muscle co-contraction was calculated using three common CCI calculation methods for the RF/ST and TA/MG muscle pairings. Separate linear mixed-effects models examined the influence of population (TD vs. CP), walking speed (Slow, Normal, Fast), and treadmill environment (Dry vs. Wet) on CCI for each equation and muscle pairing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CCI_Unnithan and CCI_Rudolph demonstrated that aquatic treadmill walking reduced muscle co-contraction in TD (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and CP (<i>p</i> < 0.012) populations for the RF/ST muscle pairing. Additionally, CCI_Unnithan and CCI_Rudolph showed significant differences between speeds in both environments (<i>p</i> < 0.001) except for the Slow-Normal comparison in the aquatic treadmill (<i>p</i> > 0.423). All methods had a significant CCI reduction in the TA/MG muscle pairing for both populations. For the RF/ST muscle pairing, CCI_F&W showed that only TD children had lower muscle co-contraction in the aquatic treadmill (<i>p</i> = 0.023). CCI_F&W also showed no speed effect for the muscle pairings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows the potential of aquatic treadmill walking to reduce muscle co-contraction; however, caution is recommended as clinical implications can vary due to the computation method. Future studies should aim to report values from multiple methods to account for the variability within methods and validation of results.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1506326"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143648104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of moxibustion on colonic mucosal integrity and gut microbiota in a rat model of cerebral ischemic stroke: insights from the \"brain-gut axis\" theory.","authors":"Yi-Xia Ding, Liang-Liang Chen, Kui-Wu Li, Ling Zou, Lu-Min Liao, Xiao-Yu Han, Jie OuYang, Yue-Ping Wu, Wen-Dong Zhang, Hao Ran Chu","doi":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1450868","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fneur.2025.1450868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to assess the impact of moxibustion on the colonic mucosal barrier and gut microbiota in a rat model of cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The CIS rat model was established using the modified Zea Longa suture method. Successfully modeled rats were randomly allocated into a model group and a moxibustion group, with a sham surgery group serving as the control. The moxibustion group received suspended moxibustion at Dazhui (GV 14), Baihui (GV 20), Fengfu (GV 16), and bilateral Tianshu (ST 25) and Shangjuxu (ST 37) acupoints. Neurological function was assessed using the Longa score, and brain infarct size was assessed through 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rDNA amplification sequencing. Intestinal mucosal permeability was evaluated using the FITC-Dextran tracer method. The serum ET-1 levels and the expression of Occludin and ZO-1 proteins in colonic tissues were also measured.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The model group exhibited significantly higher Longa scores, larger brain infarct size, and higher serum FITC-Dextran levels and ET-1 levels when compared with the sham surgery group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The model group demonstrated decreased expression of Occludin and ZO-1 in colonic tissues (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and changes in gut microbiota structure. When compared to the model group, the moxibustion group demonstrated significantly lower Longa scores, smaller brain infarct size, and lower serum FITC-Dextran levels and ET-1 levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, the moxibustion group demonstrated decreased inflammatory cell infiltration in colonic tissues, increased expression of Occludin and ZO-1 proteins in colonic tissues (<i>p</i> < 0.05), enhanced gut microbiota structure, and a decreased Simpson index (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Moxibustion can improve the neurological dysfunction in CIS model rats. The mechanism may be associated with the improvement in gut microbiota dysbiosis, reduction in colonic mucosal permeability, and restoration of intestinal mucosal barrier damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":12575,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Neurology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1450868"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11903257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}