Geriatrics & Gerontology International最新文献

{"title":"Unwanted cardiopulmonary resuscitation against patients’ “Do Not Attempt Resuscitation” orders in community settings in Japan: A narrative review","authors":"Kaku Kuroda,&nbsp;Kaori Ito,&nbsp;Takeshi Uemura","doi":"10.1111/ggi.14993","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ggi.14993","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We aimed to synthesize existing research to elucidate the underlying factors and causes responsible for the high prevalence of unwanted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) occurring outside a hospital setting in Japan despite patients' Do Not Attempt Resuscitation (DNAR) orders. We conducted a narrative review by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus for English literature, and Google Scholar for Japanese literature. The key factors we identified included lack of documentation of resuscitation preferences, variation in the perception of other life-sustaining measures associated with DNAR, non-inclusion of the patient in discussions of goals of care, unlegislated and unstandardized DNAR orders, emergency medical service activation by the family or facility, the Fire Service Act that mandates life-saving measures irrespective of the presence of advance directives, fire department protocols and CPR decision-making, and death pronouncement authorization limited to physicians. This study identified the multifaceted factors and the potential triggers for unwanted CPR despite DNAR orders. These findings underscore the urgent need for comprehensive interventions encompassing educational initiatives, ethical considerations, systemic reforms, and legal adjustments to prevent future unwanted CPRs in Japan. <b>Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 1093–1098</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a brief older adults' physical activity questionnaire","authors":"Koutatsu Nagai,&nbsp;Ryota Matsuzawa,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Sasai,&nbsp;Kayoko Tamaki,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kusunoki,&nbsp;Yosuke Wada,&nbsp;Shotaro Tsuji,&nbsp;Kana Hashimoto,&nbsp;Takara Mori,&nbsp;Ken Shinmura","doi":"10.1111/ggi.14986","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ggi.14986","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to develop and evaluate the Brief Older Adults' Physical Activity Questionnaire (BOPAQ), which was designed to quickly assess moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in community-dwelling older adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used a cross-sectional study design involving 165 older participants. The BOPAQ calculated weekly MVPA duration based on two questions regarding the number of days per week engaged in MVPA and the daily duration of activity. Validity was assessed by correlating the MVPA durations derived from the BOPAQ with those obtained from the ActiGraph and International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form. Reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient, and measurement errors were analyzed using Bland–Altman plots.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The BOPAQ reasonably correlated with accelerometer-based MVPA (rho = 0.297) and showed good test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.78, 95% CI 0.64–0.87). In contrast, the correlation between the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form and accelerometer-based MVPA was poor (rho = 0.139). The cut-off value for the BOPAQ was set to identify participants engaging in &lt;150 min of objectively measured physical activity per week, corresponding to the 150-min threshold. However, the area under the curve in the receiver operating characteristic analyses was not significantly high (0.601, 95% CI 0.514–0.688). The Bland–Altman plots showed an underestimation bias of 51.72 min/week (95% CI 1.61–101.84) and showed heteroscedasticity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite some measurement errors, the BOPAQ is an available tool for assessing MVPA in community-dwelling older adults. <b>Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 1150–1155</b>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ggi.14986","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of standardized hypnotic bundles on insomnia during hospitalization and reducing fall rate: A single-center retrospective cohort study","authors":"Yuta Yoshino,&nbsp;Naoko Fudaka,&nbsp;Yumiko Shibasaki,&nbsp;Miyuki Ogawa,&nbsp;Yoshimasa Watanabe","doi":"10.1111/ggi.14985","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ggi.14985","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although the use of benzodiazepine receptor agonists is a risk factor for falls and fractures, whether benzodiazepine-avoiding hypnotic bundles are beneficial in clinical settings remains unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A new hospital-wide standardized hypnotic bundle for insomnia, with suvorexant as the first choice, was created for clinical purposes. This single-center retrospective cohort study involved a pre-post design and adult inpatients who had had falls. The primary outcome was the total fall rate in the pre-post groups. Additionally, the level change in the fall-rate trend for each month at standardization of the new hypnotic bundle was analyzed. The numbers of hypnotic-related falls and injuries requiring treatment were evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were no differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups, except for patients with COVID-19. Overall, 31 736 patients were included in this study. The total number of falls was 924 (3.42‰) in the pre-standardization group and 837 (3.31‰) in the post-standardization group, with no significant difference. An interrupted time-series analysis of the level change in the fall rate revealed that the gap in trend at standardization was –11%, with no significance. Hypnotic-related falls were 300 (1.11‰) versus 213 (0.84‰), and the injury incidences were 251 (0.93‰) versus 181 (0.71‰) in the pre and post groups, respectively, showing a significant reduction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The standardization of the new hypnotic bundle for insomnia did not help achieve a significant reduction in total falls. However, our findings suggest that this bundle has the potential to reduce hypnotic-related falls and injuries in inpatients who have had falls. <b>Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 1144–1149</b>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, correlates, and health indicators associated with meal-skipping among middle-aged and older adults in Thailand: A national longitudinal study","authors":"Supa Pengpid,&nbsp;Karl Peltzer,&nbsp;Dararatt Anantanasuwong","doi":"10.1111/ggi.14966","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ggi.14966","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The purpose of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the prevalence and correlates of and the factors contributing to meal-skipping in middle-aged and older adults in Thailand.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We examined prospective cohort data from three consecutive waves of the Health, Aging and Retirement in Thailand (HART) study (analytic sample size = 2863) for participants 45 years of age and older. Meal-skipping was assessed with a one- and two-day recall of breakfast, lunch, and dinner. We used generalized estimating equations analysis to evaluate the longitudinal relationships between sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health indicators and meal-skipping between 2015 (wave 1), 2017 (wave 2), and 2020 (wave 3). Furthermore, binary logistic regression was used to establish the longitudinal association between meal-skipping and the incidence of multiple chronic conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of meal-skipping was 6.2% in 2015, 16.2% in 2017, and 13.6% in 2020, and across study years the highest proportion of meal skipping was for lunch (6.0%), followed by breakfast (4.6%), and dinner (2.8%). In the final model, sociodemographic factors (higher education, urban residence, and lower subjective economic status), lifestyle factors (high alcohol use, current smoking, and obesity class II), and health indicators (probable depression and wearing dentures) were positively associated with meal-skipping. In the adjusted logistic regression models, compared with no meal-skipping, meal-skipping in 2–3 study waves was associated with incident obesity and incident probable depression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Skipping meals was linked to a number of lifestyle variables and indicators of physical and mental illness. <b>Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 1196–1202</b>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute exacerbation of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema due to suspected loxoprofen-induced lung injury","authors":"Masaru Ando,&nbsp;Honoka Nagase,&nbsp;Yoshio Satonaga,&nbsp;Izumi Yamatani,&nbsp;Michitoshi Yabe,&nbsp;Takamasa Kan,&nbsp;Erika Omote,&nbsp;Shuya Miyazaki,&nbsp;Kosaku Komiya,&nbsp;Kazufumi Hiramatsu","doi":"10.1111/ggi.14974","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ggi.14974","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geraniol intake improves age-related malnutrition in mice","authors":"Shuichi Shibuya,&nbsp;Kenji Watanabe,&nbsp;Daiki Sakuraba,&nbsp;Takeshi Nagata,&nbsp;Yoshimasa Yamaguchi,&nbsp;Yasuyuki Suzuki,&nbsp;Takahiko Shimizu","doi":"10.1111/ggi.14982","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ggi.14982","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Geraniol is an acyclic monoterpenoid that is abundant in many plants, including rose, lemongrass, and lavender. As geraniol has various beneficial functions, rose oil rich in geraniol is not only used for aromatherapy but also as a supplement to promote health benefits. However, the beneficial effects of geraniol on age-related pathologies are unknown. In this study, we aimed to clarify the effects of geraniol intake on age-related pathologies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We orally administered geraniol to aged mice (age: 24–29 months) five times a week for 4 weeks and sampled their blood and various organs. We investigated age-related changes in the blood and organ samples. Furthermore, we treated HepG2 cells with geraniol and examined the expression level of the <i>ALB</i> gene and the amount of secreted albumin <i>in vitro</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Geraniol significantly increased blood albumin, total cholesterol, and red blood cell counts, indicating an improvement in nutritional markers in aged mice. Geraniol also transcriptionally increased the <i>Alb</i> gene expression in the liver of aged mice. Furthermore, treatment with geraniol significantly upregulated the <i>ALB</i> gene expression and the secretion of albumin in the conditioned medium of HepG2 cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Geraniol increases serum albumin levels at the transcriptional level. Geraniol intake can be an effective strategy for age-related malnutrition. <b>Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 1233–1240</b>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive validity of the Questionnaire for Medical Checkup of Old-Old for all-cause mortality and disability incidence","authors":"Noriko Hori,&nbsp;Jiaqi Li,&nbsp;Kaori Kinoshita,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Yoshiura,&nbsp;Yosuke Osuka,&nbsp;Shosuke Satake","doi":"10.1111/ggi.14977","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ggi.14977","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Questionnaire for Medical Checkup of Old-Old (QMCOO) has been used nationwide in Japan as part of the health checkup for latter-stage older adults since the financial year 2020. Although the QMCOO is useful in screening for frailty, its cutoff values for predicting adverse health outcomes have rarely been assessed. Therefore, this study aimed to calculate the cutoff values for predicting all-cause mortality and disability incidence and to evaluate their predictive validity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study included 3837 health checkup recipients aged ≥75 years residing in Higashiura Town, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. The health checkup was conducted from June 1, 2020, to January 31, 2021. Mortality and disability incidence were analyzed separately. For the latter, participants with a disability history were excluded, leaving 3040 available for analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During the follow-up of 11 191 and 8550 person-years, 276 died and 438 developed a disability, respectively. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (95% confidence intervals) for all-cause mortality and disability incidence were 0.68 (0.65–0.71) and 0.66 (0.63–0.68), respectively, with QMCOO cutoff values at 3/4 and 2/3 points. Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, self-reported diseases, and frequency of alcohol consumption demonstrated the predictive validity of those cutoff values.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The optimal cutoff value of the QMCOO for predicting all-cause mortality was 3/4, while the optimal cutoff value for predicting disability incidence was 2/3 among an older Japanese population. <b>Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 1203–1209</b>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to Editor in response to “Sex differences in reduction of trunk muscle mass related to falls and cognitive function during the COVID-19 pandemic in older adults”","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong,&nbsp;Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.1111/ggi.14983","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ggi.14983","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediation analysis of cognitive function in the relationship between pulmonary function and depression among middle-aged and older adults","authors":"Yuying Yang,&nbsp;Yue Zhu,&nbsp;Biao Dai,&nbsp;Rui Wu","doi":"10.1111/ggi.14981","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ggi.14981","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to explore the association between declining lung function and depression in middle-aged and older adults, with a special focus on the mediating role of cognitive function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study utilizes self-reported and physical examination data from 5345 individuals participating in the 2015 cycle of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to explore the role of cognitive function changes in mediating the effects of diminished lung function on depression among middle-aged and older adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between pulmonary and cognitive functions (β = 0.003, 95% CI: 0.002∼0.003, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01) and a negative correlation between cognitive function and depression (β = −0.279, 95% CI: −0.330–0.228, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01). Cognitive function plays a mediating role in linking pulmonary function with depression, exhibiting a mediation effect of −0.0007 and a total effect of −0.0046, wherein the mediation effect contributes to 15.22% of the total effect. For females, the mediating effect of cognitive function was stronger (β = −0.0013, 95% CI: −0.0018∼–0.0008, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01) than it was for males (β = −0.0006, 95% CI: −0.0009∼–0.0003, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study underscores the importance of monitoring lung and cognitive functions as interconnected factors contributing to the mental health of middle-aged and older adults. It suggests that interventions aimed at improving pulmonary health and cognitive function may help mitigate depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults. Further research is warranted to validate these findings across diverse cultural and demographic settings. <b>Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 1210–1217</b>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}