Geriatrics & Gerontology International最新文献

{"title":"Dual-task gait test provides limited additional value for fall prediction in care-requiring older adults: A prospective study.","authors":"Tsuyoshi Asai, Junshiro Yamamoto, Kensuke Oshima, Chie Minami, Daisuke Matsumoto, Fumihiro Naruse","doi":"10.1111/ggi.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Decline in cognitive and motor functions is apparent in care-requiring older adults. The dual-task method assesses both functions simultaneously by observing changes in task performance; thus, the dual-task method might accurately reflect the fall risk. This study aimed to examine the predictive validity of the dual-task method for fall-risk assessment in care-requiring older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective observational study was designed as a multicenter collaborative study that included five daycare service facilities and 1 day-rehabilitation facility. In total, 204 participants met the inclusion criteria. Data on falls were collected over a 12-month period. The gait test was performed on a 4-m smooth walkway under no-task (single-task gait test) and dual-task conditions (dual-task gait test). After inputting the missing data using the multiple imputation method, logistic multivariate regression models were constructed to investigate the association between fall occurrence and the single-task gait and dual-task gait test times. The predictive ability of the two models was compared using DeLong's test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The single-task gait test time was not significantly associated with the occurrence of falls after adjusting for confounders (odds ratio 1.12, 95% CI 0.93-1.35). In contrast, the dual-task gait test time was significantly associated with the occurrence of falls after adjusting for confounders (odds ratio 1.12, 95% CI 1.01, 1.23). The DeLong's test showed no significant difference between the two models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Only the dual-task gait test significantly predicted falls in this population, but there was no difference in its predictive ability compared to the single-task gait test. Additional studies are needed to strengthen the clinical validity of the dual-task gait test. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2025; ••: ••-••.</p>","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Change in physical activity and the risk of depressive symptoms in mid-older aged adults.","authors":"Yu-Tai Liu, Chien-Yu Lin, Yung Liao, Ai Shibata, Kaori Ishii, Koichiro Oka","doi":"10.1111/ggi.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Middle-age and older adults' physical activity participation changes may influence their depressive conditions. This study explores the associations between changes in physical activity levels over time and the likelihood of depressive symptoms based on a population-based survey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included adults aged ≥50 years from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study in Aging (TLSA) survey. Physical activity levels from the 2003 and 2007 surveys were used to identify patterns of change across time. Multiple logistic regression was performed to examine the associations between changes in physical activity and the risk of depressive symptoms. Additional analyses were conducted to assess if the associations of change patterns varied by individuals' baseline physical activity levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 3439 participants, 12.9% newly developed a high risk of depression over 4 years. Compared with those with constant physical activity levels, adults with decreased physical activity levels showed a significantly higher risk of depressive symptoms at follow-up (odds ratio = 1.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.23-2.06). The deteriorative association was most pronounced among individuals who had high physical activity levels at baseline but later reduced their activity (odds ratio = 2.01, 95% confidence interval: 1.48-2.72) compared with those who kept highly active. No significant association was observed among individuals who reported increased physical activity during the study period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the importance of middle-aged and older adults staying physically active and avoiding reducing physical activity levels to prevent depression. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2025; ••: ••-••.</p>","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chinese version of the oral frailty five-item checklist.","authors":"Hsiao-Ling Huang, Koichiro Matsuo, Shun-Te Huang, Pei-Shan Ho, Pei-Chao Lin, Pei-Chen Lin, Ai-Hua Chang","doi":"10.1111/ggi.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.70032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of potentially inappropriate medications with frailty and frailty components in community-dwelling older women in Japan: The Otassha Study.","authors":"Kaori Daimaru, Sho Hatanaka, Yosuke Osuka, Narumi Kojima, Kazushi Maruo, Hiroyuki Sasai","doi":"10.1111/ggi.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) in older adults can increase the risk of drug-related adverse events. We aimed to examine the associations between PIMs, frailty, and each frailty component in community-dwelling older women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included participants aged ≥65 years from a prospective cohort of older Japanese women. Frailty was classified using the Japanese version of Fried's Frailty Criteria, comprising five components. PIMs were identified using a screening tool for Japanese among regular prescription medications collected from participants' prescription notebooks. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for age and comorbidities were used to examine the association between PIMs (0, 1, 2, ≥3), frailty, and each component. The possible interactions between age groups (65-74 and ≥75 years) and PIMs were investigated. Age-stratified analyses were also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analyzed 530 older women (median age [interquartile range], 71 [68, 75] years) with a frailty prevalence of 5.5%. Three or more PIMs were associated with frailty and weight loss (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 3.80 [1.23, 11.80], 2.53 [1.15, 5.39]). In age-stratified analyses, ≥3 PIMs were associated with weight loss (8.39 [1.79, 48.98]) in women aged ≥75 years, whereas 1 or 2 PIMs were associated with frailty (4.52 [1.17, 19.08]) or weakness (3.13 [1.22, 7.78]) in those aged 65-74 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results may suggest that the number of PIM prescriptions is associated with frailty and frailty components in older women. Longitudinal studies are required to clarify the causality between the number of PIMs and frailty. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2025; ••: ••-••.</p>","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of dementia and hip fracture onset on the healthcare and long-term care burden: Healthcare and long-term care insurance data analyses in Sendai City, Japan.","authors":"Shinichi Nakatoh, Kenji Fujimori, Shigeyuki Ishii, Junko Tamaki, Nobukazu Okimoto, Sumito Ogawa, Masayuki Iki","doi":"10.1111/ggi.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to examine the differences in the impact of dementia and hip fracture onset on the burden of healthcare and long-term care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study utilized electronic medical receipt data issued between April 2019 and March 2023 from the National Health Insurance scheme and the medical care system for older individuals aged ≥75 years from Sendai City. Female patients aged ≥65 years who were newly registered as patients with dementia (n = 2696) and/or hip fracture (n = 1118) were investigated. Monthly healthcare and long-term care costs for 12 months before and after the entry were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After the onset of dementia, a very small temporary change was observed in healthcare and long-term care costs, which then tended to increase gradually throughout the entire course. By contrast, after the onset of hip fracture with and without dementia, healthcare costs temporarily increased for 3-4 months, while the long-term care costs temporarily decreased. Subsequently, long-term care costs rose and high costs followed compared with before the onset of hip fracture. In the hip fracture with dementia group, an upward trend in long-term care costs was observed within 12 months before entry but not after entry. Long-term care costs could not increase further because they might reach the maximum cost.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>With the onset of hip fractures, the level of care for patients with dementia would further increase. Hence, fracture prevention measures for patients with dementia are important. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2025; ••: ••-••.</p>","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiome diversity and nutrition intake in post-stroke patients.","authors":"Fumihiko Nagano, Yoshihiro Yoshimura, Hidetaka Wakabayashi, Ayaka Matsumoto, Sayuri Shimazu, Ai Shiraishi, Takahiro Bise, Yoshifumi Kido, Takenori Hamada, Aomi Kuzuhara, Kouki Yoneda, Keisuke Maeda","doi":"10.1111/ggi.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the association between energy intake and gut microbiome diversity in patients following stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 156 patients following stroke aged ≥65 years admitted to a rehabilitation hospital (mean age, 78 ± 7 years; 69 women). Energy intake was calculated from average food consumption during the first week after admission. Gut microbiome diversity was assessed using three indices derived from 16S rRNA sequencing of stool samples: the Shannon index, operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness and Faith's phylogenetic diversity (PD). Sex-stratified multiple linear regression analysis evaluated the association between energy intake and gut microbiome diversity, adjusting for confounders such as age, body weight, inflammation markers, nutritional status, and medication.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 156 patients following stroke (mean age, 78 ± 7 years; 69 women). The median energy intake was 1600 (interquartile range [IQR], 1400-1800] kcal/day for all participants. The median for gut microbiome diversity indices were Shannon index, 6.3 (IQR, 5.9-6.5); OTU richness, 217.3 (IQR, 181.9-258.1); and Faith's PD, 22.4 (IQR, 19.3-27.2). In women, energy intake was significantly positively associated with the Shannon index (β = 0.233, P = 0.026), OTU richness (β = 0.228, P = 0.036), and Faith's PD (β = 0.212, P = 0.038). In men, energy intake was significantly positively associated with the Shannon index (β = 0.230, P = 0.027), OTU richness (β = 0.211, P = 0.040), and Faith's PD (β = 0.198, P = 0.043).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adequate energy intake may play an important role in preserving gut microbiome diversity in patients. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these associations, clarify causality, and explore underlying mechanisms. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2025; ••: ••-••.</p>","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143648064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chapter 2: Management of geriatric diseases and geriatric syndrome using comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA): English translation of the Japanese CGA-based healthcare guidelines 2024","authors":"Hiroyuki Umegaki,&nbsp;Shosuke Satake,&nbsp;Sinya Ishii,&nbsp;Taro Kojima,&nbsp;Hiroshi Akasaka,&nbsp;Sumito Ogawa,&nbsp;Satoru Ebihara,&nbsp;Yukari Tsubata,&nbsp;Masahiro Akishita","doi":"10.1111/ggi.15087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.15087","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Is CGA effective in frail older adults?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Statement: CGA is proposed to be performed on frail older adults&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Strength of evidence D.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Degree of recommendation 2 (weak) (agreement rate: 100%).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are evaluations with assessment tools for “cognitive function” and “behavioral and psychological symptom (BPSD)” effective in the CGA for older adults with dementia?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Statement: The use of assessment tools of cognitive function or BPSD is recommended when performing CGA on older adults with dementia&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Strength of evidence C.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Degree of recommendation 1 (strong) (agreement rate: 88.9%).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is CGA effective for older patients with polypharmacy?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Statement: Conducting CGA is proposed for older patients with polypharmacy&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Strength of evidence B.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Degree of recommendation 2 (weak) (agreement rate: 68.9%).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is CGA effective for older patients with multimorbidity?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Statement: Performing CGA is recommended for older patients with multimorbidity&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Strength of evidence B.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Degree of recommendation 1 (strong) (agreement rate: 77.8%).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it effective to use CGA in the management of older patients with DM?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Statement: CGA is proposed in the management of older patients with DM&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Strength of evidence D.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Degree of recommendation 2 (weak) (agreement rate: 100%).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it effective to use CGA to evaluate older adults with hypertension or heart disease to determine a treatment plan?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Statement: CGA is proposed to evaluate older adults with hypertension or heart disease to determine a treatment plan&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Strength of evidence C.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Degree of recommendation 2 (weak) (agreement rate: 91.7%).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is a multidisciplinary team approach based on CGA effective for treating pneumonia in older patients?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Statement: Regarding the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary team approach based on CGA for older patients with pneumonia, no evidence showed direct effects, but a multidisciplinary team approach that comprehensively understands the characteristics of older patients based on CGA is important, and we look forward to future research&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is CGA screening effective for managing fractures in older adults?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Statement: Performing CGA is recommended in the management of older patients after fracture&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Strength of evidence B.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Degree of recommendation 1 (strong) (agreement rate: 90%).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it effective to use CGA to evaluate patients before surgery for gastrointestinal cancer, aortic disease, or heart disease in older adults?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Statement: Evaluation using CGA before surgery for gastrointestinal cancer, aortic disease, or heart disease in older patients is recommended&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Strength of evidence B.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Degree of recommendation 1 (strong) (agreement rate: 88.9%).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is CGA effective in managing malignant tumors (systematic cancer therapy) in older patients?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Statement: CGA is reco","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":"25 S1","pages":"16-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ggi.15087","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview: English translation of the Japanese comprehensive geriatric assessment-based healthcare guidelines 2024","authors":"Tatsuya Hosoi,&nbsp;Sumito Ogawa,&nbsp;Koji Shibasaki,&nbsp;Masahiro Akishita","doi":"10.1111/ggi.15085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.15085","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) is a multidimensional and multidisciplinary evaluation of the medical status, activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental ADL (IADL), cognitive function, mood, motivation, quality of life (QOL), and social background of older adults. Table 1 shows the components of the CGA and its main tools. Further details are provided in Chapter 1. Although the CGA effectively predicts the future course of older adults, the primary aim is not to evaluate the current status or predict prognosis. The main objective of the CGA is to provide personalized medical care by developing holistic management plans and targeted interventions based on comprehensive assessments. This guideline emphasizes combining the CGA with subsequent interventions.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This guideline evaluates the effectiveness of the CGA based on evidence from the literature. The use and benefits of the CGA are described using case studies in this section.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Case 1 was a patient with a history of diabetes and multiple comorbidities (Table 2). Most of his personal care was performed by his wife; thus, no major problems were apparent in his life. However, his wife reported that he had been tripping and occasionally falling and was becoming increasingly forgetful. The CGA results revealed that he walked with a cane but maintained most of his basic ADLs, including walking on level ground. However, the patient's instrumental ADLs were impaired, especially medication management. Cognitive function was also impaired. In particular, time orientation and short-term memory scores indicated mild dementia. An investigation of his living conditions revealed impaired lower limb muscle strength and poor vision, which made obstacles difficult to see, leading to falls. His medication adherence was poor, consistently taking only about half of his prescribed medications. This poor medication adherence may have contributed to his poor glycemic control. The patient's wife was asked to assist him with his medications, as cognitive decline likely caused his poor medication adherence. To address the risk of falls, the patient's medications were reviewed. Antiplatelet therapy was discontinued, the doses of antihypertensives were reduced, and the overall medication regimen was simplified. A thorough examination for dementia was scheduled. We suggested that the patient apply for long-term care insurance to introduce preventive care services and home renovation to prevent falls. The results of the CGA can be referenced to prepare the primary care physician's statement document, called “Shujii-ikensho,” which is required for certifying long-term care needs. In this case, the CGA provided information that contributed to understanding the patient's condition and living conditions. The CGA also facilitated the initiation of appropriate measures to improve disease management.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Case 2 was a patient with multiple compression fractures of the thoracolum","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":"25 S1","pages":"5-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ggi.15085","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chapter 3: Utilization of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) in healthcare and caregiving settings by related professionals: English translation of the Japanese CGA-based healthcare guidelines 2024","authors":"Yuko Takeshita,&nbsp;Yasushi Takeya,&nbsp;Fumihiro Mizokami,&nbsp;Satoru Ebihara,&nbsp;Yukari Tsubata,&nbsp;Masahiro Akishita","doi":"10.1111/ggi.15088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.15088","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Is comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) effective in nursing (nursing department) older adults?</p><p>Is CGA effective for the provision of care for older adults by care workers (e.g., care managers and certified care workers)?</p><p>Is the use of CGA effective for medication management in older adults?</p><p>Is the use of CGA by pharmacists effective for performing medication reviews in older adults?</p><p>Is CGA effective for the rehabilitation of older adults?</p><p>Is CGA effective for ACP in older adults with comorbid malignancies or a history of malignancy?</p><p>YT received lecture fees from Astellas Pharma, Daiichi Sankyo, and Merck &amp; Co. YT received research funding from Ono Pharmaceutical and Pfizer Health Research Foundation, as well as lecture fees from AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Daiichi Sankyo, Kyowa Kirin, Taiho Pharmaceutical, and Takeda. MA received research funding from Astellas Pharma, Bayer Yakuhin, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Merck &amp; Co., Fukuda Lifetech, Mitsubishi-Tanabe Pharma, Ono Pharmaceutical, Takeda, and Tsumura as well as lecture fees from Daiichi Sankyo, Merck &amp; Co., Toa Eiyo, and Towa Pharmaceutical. All other authors declare no conflict of interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":"25 S1","pages":"24-29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ggi.15088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chapter 1: Effectiveness of each element of the comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA): English translation of the Japanese CGA-based healthcare guidelines 2024","authors":"Koji Shibasaki,&nbsp;Sumito Ogawa,&nbsp;Tatsuya Hosoi,&nbsp;Shinya Ishii,&nbsp;Katsuyoshi Mizukami,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Umegaki,&nbsp;Fumihiro Mizokami,&nbsp;Shosuke Satake,&nbsp;Masahiro Akishita","doi":"10.1111/ggi.15086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.15086","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Is screening with the comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) useful in older adults?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The following were considered important in developing recommendations for this CQ: reduction in mortality for outpatients, inpatients, and institutionalized patients, reduction in the length of stay, improvement in polypharmacy, and increase in costs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is ADL assessment useful in older adults?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The following were considered important in developing recommendations for this CQ: reducing mortality for outpatients, inpatients, and institutionalized older adults, increasing institutionalization, increasing costs, and optimizing care services.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it useful to assess the CGA in older adults using cognitive assessment tools?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The following were considered important in developing recommendations for this CQ: improving the diagnosis rate of dementia, improving the diagnosis rate of mild cognitive impairment, optimizing comorbidity management, and increasing costs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is depression assessment useful in older adults with physical disease? Which depression scales are useful?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The following were considered important in developing recommendations for this CQ: reduction in mortality and hospital admission/readmission rates that could be identified as outcomes. A study on improving polypharmacy was used as a reference for the recommendations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it useful to assess motivation in older adults with possible apathy? Which measures of motivation are useful?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The following were considered important in developing recommendations for this CQ: physical and motor function that could be identified as an outcome.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it advisable to assess the QOL in older adult care?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Are interventions based on the assessment of social factors useful in older adults?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The following were considered important in developing recommendations for this CQ: improving QOL, increasing costs, and improving ADLs as a result of interventions based on social factors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The following were considered important in developing recommendations for this CQ: optimizing care services, improving ADLs, optimizing management of comorbidities, and increasing costs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The following were considered important in developing recommendations for this CQ: optimizing care services, improving ADLs, improving nutritional status, increasing costs, and increased costs were considered important.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;SO received lecture fee from Daiichi Sankyo. SI received funding from Nihon Kijyun Shingu, Sompo Care, and Hoshizaki. KM received lecture fees from Eisai and Tsumura. HU received research funding from Astellas Pharma, Abbott Japan, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Merck &amp; Co., Fukuda Lifetech, FUJIFILM Toyama Chemical, FUJIFILM RI Pharma, Kracie, Mitsubishi-Tanabe Pharma, Mochida Pharmaceutical, Ono Pharmaceutical, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, Sanofi, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, Takeda, and Tsumura. MA received research funding from Astellas Pharma, Bayer Ya","PeriodicalId":12546,"journal":{"name":"Geriatrics & Gerontology International","volume":"25 S1","pages":"9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ggi.15086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}