Frontiers in Human Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Investigating the effects of excitatory and inhibitory somatosensory rTMS on somatosensory functioning in the acute and subacute phases of stroke: a preliminary double-blind and randomized trial.","authors":"Jingtian Gao, Helin Wang, Zhouyao Hu, Jiqing He, Jing Yang, Xiaokun Lou, Zhiyuan You, Jie Li, Jinghua Wang, Zhongming Gao","doi":"10.3389/fnhum.2024.1474212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2024.1474212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeting the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) has a potential effect on somatosensory functioning following a stroke. However, S1-rTMS was combined with peripheral therapies in previous trials. Moreover, these studies have commonly targeted the ipsilesional S1 with excitatory rTMS paradigms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This double-blind, randomized trial (registration number: ChiCTR2200059098) investigated two forms of paradigms, that is ipsilesional excitatory and contralesional inhibitory rTMS, as a stand-alone treatment in post-stroke somatosensation. Patients in the acute and subacute phases of stroke were randomly assigned to either contralesional 1-Hz or ipsilesional 10-Hz rTMS group and received 10 daily sessions of treatment in two consecutive weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results indicate that the contralesional inhibitory and ipsilesional excitatory stimulation were equally effective in improving somatosensory functioning. Moreover, this effect was most prominent in deep sensations and subjective sensations. Using single-pulse EMG recordings, our data also revealed an increased MEP amplitude in the ipsilesional motor cortex following ipsilesional excitatory treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This preliminary study demonstrates the primary somatosensory cortex as an effective rTMS target in somatosensory recovery following stroke.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=166474, ChiCTR2200059098.</p>","PeriodicalId":12536,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1474212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11471518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142462520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantity implicature interpretations in bilingual population: the case of Imbabura Kichwa.","authors":"Santiago David Gualapuro Gualapuro","doi":"10.3389/fnhum.2024.1405373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2024.1405373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most studies on the pragmatic interpretation of existential quantifiers have been conducted in major Indo-European languages like English, Spanish, French, and Greek, focusing mainly on monolingual participants. However, in indigenous linguistic research, especially experimental research, it is crucial to consider several linguistic and extra-linguistic factors for successful implementation. Our research centered on the experimental investigation of the pragmatic interpretation of the quantifier <i>wakin</i>, meaning <i>some</i> in Kichwa, with Kichwa-Spanish bilingual adults from the province of Imbabura Ecuador. We employed the Truth Value Judgement Task (TVJT) for our experiments and incorporated the explicit Question Under Discussion (QUD) paradigm to facilitate pragmatic interpretations among our participants. Our initial experiment revealed a 78% acceptance level for the pragmatic interpretation of \"some, but not all\" in Kichwa, significantly lower than the 95% acceptance range observed in other languages. We hypothesized that access to technology and formal education might influence these results, leading us to simplify our experiment by eliminating the technological components of the research. In our subsequent experiment, adult speakers of Imbabura Kichwa achieved a 97% accuracy level, comparable to speakers of other languages. To benchmark our results against speakers of other languages under similar conditions, we evaluated whether Spanish speakers from two varieties in Ecuador (Quito and Guayaquil) could generate the \"some, but not all\" scalar implicature with the Spanish quantifier <i>algunos</i>. Our findings indicated that speakers achieved 95.5 and 97.4% accuracy for both varieties, respectively. Therefore, this study infers that under optimal conditions, speakers of indigenous languages in rural communities demonstrate commendable performance in experimental linguistic studies. Nonetheless, it underscores the necessity for meticulous planning and distinct handling in experimental studies involving speakers of these languages residing in rural areas without access to technological elements. We propose that such research broadens our comprehension of language utilization in minority communities and positively influences language restoration efforts by expanding experimental linguistics studies to indigenous languages.</p>","PeriodicalId":12536,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1405373"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11471647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142462523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the influence of discourse connectives on the predictions of humans and language models.","authors":"James Britton, Yan Cong, Yu-Yin Hsu, Emmanuele Chersoni, Philippe Blache","doi":"10.3389/fnhum.2024.1363120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2024.1363120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psycholinguistic literature has consistently shown that humans rely on a rich and organized understanding of event knowledge to predict the forthcoming linguistic input during online sentence comprehension. We, the authors, expect sentences to maintain coherence with the preceding context, making congruent sentence sequences easier to process than incongruent ones. It is widely known that discourse relations between sentences (e.g., temporal, contingency, comparison) are generally made explicit through specific particles, known as <i>discourse connectives</i>, (e.g., <i>and, but, because, after</i>). However, some relations that are easily accessible to the speakers, given their event knowledge, can also be left implicit. The goal of this paper is to investigate the importance of discourse connectives in the prediction of events in human language processing and pretrained language models, with a specific focus on concessives and contrastives, which signal to comprehenders that their event-related predictions have to be <i>reversed</i>. Inspired by previous work, we built a comprehensive set of story stimuli in Italian and Mandarin Chinese that differ in the plausibility and coherence of the situation being described and the presence or absence of a discourse connective. We collected plausibility judgments and reading times from native speakers for the stimuli. Moreover, we correlated the results of the experiments with the predictions given by computational modeling, using Surprisal scores obtained via Transformer-based language models. The human judgements were collected using a seven-point Likert scale and analyzed using cumulative link mixed modeling (CLMM), while the human reading times and language model surprisal scores were analyzed using linear mixed effects regression (LMER). We found that Chinese NLMs are sensitive to plausibility and connectives, although they struggle to reproduce expectation reversal effects due to a connective changing the plausibility of a given scenario; Italian results are even less aligned with human data, with no effects of either plausibility and connectives on Surprisal.</p>","PeriodicalId":12536,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1363120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11471541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142462521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Puberty interacts with sleep and brain network organization to predict mental health.","authors":"Mackenzie E Mitchell, Tehila Nugiel","doi":"10.3389/fnhum.2024.1379945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2024.1379945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Along with pubertal development, the transition to adolescence brings about increased risk for sleep disturbances and mental health problems. Functional connectivity of overlapping large-scale brain networks, such as increased connectivity between the default mode and dorsal attention networks, has been reported to relate to both sleep and mental health problems. Clarifying whether pubertal development interacts with sleep disturbances and functional brain networks to predict mental health may provide information to improve the timing and design of interventions targeting sleep disturbances in adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To examine how pubertal status and tempo relate to sleep disturbances and shape the relationship between sleep disturbances and mental health problems, we harnessed a large sample of children aged 10-14 years from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (<i>N</i> ~ 3,000-10,000). We used graph theoretical tools to probe how pubertal development concurrently interacts with sleep disturbances and brain network organization to predict mental health problems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that advanced pubertal status, but not pubertal tempo, predicted sleep disturbances; however, both pubertal status and tempo interact with sleep disturbances to predict mental health problems and engage in three-way interactions with sleep and brain network organization to predict mental health problems.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Overall, this work suggests that less advanced pubertal status and slower tempo are risk factors for the strongest links between sleep disturbances, brain organization, and mental health problems. Further, our findings speak to the importance of accounting for interactions in the constellation of factors that surround complex behavioral and clinical syndromes, here internalizing and externalizing disorders, and provide new context to consider for targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12536,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1379945"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11466844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142462522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case report: New perspectives on gait initiation strategies from a case of full toes amputation in a professional mountain climber.","authors":"Jorge L Storniolo, Veronica Farinelli, Mattia Onesti, Luca Correale, Leonardo A Peyré-Tartaruga, Roberto Esposti, Paolo Cavallari","doi":"10.3389/fnhum.2024.1463249","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnhum.2024.1463249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We studied the postural behaviour of a 52-year-old professional mountain climber who underwent bilateral amputation of all five toes after severe frostbite.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two tasks were examined: static posturography (SP) and gait initiation (GI), both performed barefoot and with prosthetic shoes. During SP, the participant kept the upright stance for 30 s while an optoelectronic system with reflective markers recorded feet position and body sway, and two force plates measured the Center of Pressure (CoP) displacement and Ground Reaction Force (GRF) of each foot. During GI, the participant stood on the force plates for at least 10 s and then spontaneously started walking, while optoelectronic system was used to monitor heel-off events; wireless EMG probes recorded the anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) in trunk and lower limb muscles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to shod condition, during barefoot SP the participant showed a reduced anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) extension of the Base of Support (BoS), and the whole-body CoP shifted about 7 mm more anteriorly, approaching the \"safer\" geometric center of the BoS. Despite this difference, the AP and ML ranges of CoP oscillations were similar in both conditions. In GI, the trunk dorsal muscles showed different APA patterns: when barefoot they were excitatory in the trailing and inhibitory in the leading side while they were bilaterally inhibitory when shod.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In parallel to CoP shift toward a \"safer\" position in SP, in barefoot GI the body rotation toward the trailing side may reveal a more \"cautious\" approach; this also shows that different postural strategies may be adopted in GI by one and the same individual.</p>","PeriodicalId":12536,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1463249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11464344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of brain-computer interface controlled functional electrical stimulation training on rehabilitation of upper limb after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Chunlin Ren, Xinmin Li, Qian Gao, Mengyang Pan, Jing Wang, Fangjie Yang, Zhenfei Duan, Pengxue Guo, Yasu Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fnhum.2024.1438095","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnhum.2024.1438095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Several clinical studies have demonstrated that brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) controlled functional electrical stimulation (FES) facilitate neurological recovery in patients with stroke. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of BCI-FES training on upper limb functional recovery in stroke patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Science Direct and Web of Science were systematically searched from inception to October 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) employing BCI-FES training were included. The methodological quality of the RCTs was assessed using the PEDro scale. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4.1 and STATA 18.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The meta-analysis comprised 290 patients from 10 RCTs. Results showed a moderate effect size in upper limb function recovery through BCI-FES training (SMD = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.26-0.73, I² = 0%, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis revealed that BCI-FES training significantly enhanced upper limb motor function in BCI-FES vs. FES group (SMD = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.00-0.74, I² = 21%, <i>p</i> = 0.05), and the BCI-FES + CR vs. CR group (SMD = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.28-0.95, I² = 0%, <i>p</i> = 0.0003). Moreover, BCI-FES training demonstrated effectiveness in both subacute (SMD = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.25-0.87, I² = 0%, <i>p</i> = 0.0004) and chronic groups (SMD = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.05-0.78, I² = 45%, <i>p</i> = 0.02). Subgroup analysis showed that both adjusting (SMD = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.24-0.87, I² = 0%, <i>p</i> = 0.0006) and fixing (SMD = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.07-0.78, I² = 46%, <i>p</i> = 0.02). BCI thresholds before training significantly improved motor function in stroke patients. Both motor imagery (MI) (SMD = 0.41 95% CI: 0.12-0.71, I² = 13%, <i>p</i> = 0.006) and action observation (AO) (SMD = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.26-1.20, I² = 0%, <i>p</i> = 0.002) as mental tasks significantly improved upper limb function in stroke patients.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>BCI-FES has significant immediate effects on upper limb function in subacute and chronic stroke patients, but evidence for its long-term impact remains limited. Using AO as the mental task may be a more effective BCI-FES training strategy.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>Identifier: CRD42023485744, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023485744.</p>","PeriodicalId":12536,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1438095"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11464471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-related changes in EEG signal using triple correlation values.","authors":"Yuri Watanabe, Takashi Shibata, Mieko Tanaka, Kenji Ishii, Yuko Higuchi, Yohei Kobayashi, Yukio Kosugi","doi":"10.3389/fnhum.2024.1438924","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnhum.2024.1438924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The alpha rhythm in human electroencephalography (EEG) is known to decrease in frequency with age. Previous study has shown that elderly individuals with dementia exhibit higher S values (spatial variability) and SD values (temporal variability) in the triple correlation of the occipital region (P3, P4, Oz) compared to healthy elderly individuals. The objective of this research is to examine changes in S and SD values of the alpha band with aging in healthy individuals using triple correlation values from the frontal region. The subjects were 50 healthy elderly subjects (mean age 73.0 ± 5.1 years), 34 healthy younger subjects (mean age 28.1 ± 4.6 years), and 21 dementia patients (mean age 70.1 ± 9.1 years). The methodology involved recording EEG for 5 min during rest with closed eyes, and then calculating S and SD values of the alpha band (8-13 Hz) using three electrodes in the frontal region (F3, F4, Fpz). The findings indicated that the S values of young individuals were significantly higher than those of elderly individuals (<i>p</i> < 0.01), whereas the SD values of young individuals tended to be lower than those of elderly individuals. The elevated S values in young individuals imply greater spatial variability akin to individuals with dementia, whereas the reduced SD values in young individuals suggest lower temporal variability unlike individuals with dementia. The discrepancy between the S value and SD value in healthy young individuals suggests that the normal cortical dipole in the frontal regions might be more abundant in them compared to healthy elderly individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12536,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1438924"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specific and shared cognitive predictors of drawing and block building in typically developing children.","authors":"Isa Zappullo, Vincenzo Paolo Senese, Luigi Trojano, Roberta Cecere, Massimiliano Conson","doi":"10.3389/fnhum.2024.1436362","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnhum.2024.1436362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Spatial construction is a complex ability involving attention, global/local visual processing, mental representation, visuo-motor coordination and, to varying extent, working memory and executive functions, and verbal abilities. In developmental neuropsychology, little attention has been paid to comprehend whether and to what extent the above cognitive processes are involved in two main spatial construction tasks, that is drawing and block building.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used path analysis to test shared and specific effects of verbal and spatial working memory, spatial attention, inhibition, verbal abilities (vocabulary and naming), figure disembedding, mental rotation, and visual-motor coordination, as well as of demographics (sex, age and socio-economic status), on two classical drawing (Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure; ROCF) and block building (Block design; BD) tasks in a sample of 195 typically developing children (age range: 7-11 years).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Figure disembedding and visuo-motor coordination were the only shared predictors of both spatial construction tasks. Moreover, ROCF score was directly related with spatial attention and inhibition, while BD score was directly related with sex, vocabulary, mental rotation and backward spatial working memory.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings distinguish between abilities involved in spatial construction regardless of the type of task and those specifically related to ROCF or Block Design, thus providing clues relevant to neuropsychological assessment and intervention in children with spatial construction disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":12536,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1436362"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuromodulation effect of temporal interference stimulation based on network computational model.","authors":"Nafiseh Karimi, Rassoul Amirfattahi, Abolghasem Zeidaabadi Nezhad","doi":"10.3389/fnhum.2024.1436205","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnhum.2024.1436205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has long been the conventional method for targeting deep brain structures, but noninvasive alternatives like transcranial Temporal Interference Stimulation (tTIS) are gaining traction. Research has shown that alternating current influences brain oscillations through neural modulation. Understanding how neurons respond to the stimulus envelope, particularly considering tTIS's high-frequency carrier, is vital for elucidating its mechanism of neuronal engagement. This study aims to explore the focal effects of tTIS across varying amplitudes and modulation depths in different brain regions. An excitatory-inhibitory network using the Izhikevich neuron model was employed to investigate responses to tTIS and compare them with transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS). We utilized a multi-scale model that integrates brain tissue modeling and network computational modeling to gain insights into the neuromodulatory effects of tTIS on the human brain. By analyzing the parametric space, we delved into phase, amplitude, and frequency entrainment to elucidate how tTIS modulates endogenous alpha oscillations. Our findings highlight a significant difference in current intensity requirements between tTIS and tACS, with tTIS requiring notably higher intensity. We observed distinct network entrainment patterns, primarily due to tTIS's high-frequency component, whereas tACS exhibited harmonic entrainment that tTIS lacked. Spatial resolution analysis of tTIS, conducted via computational modeling and brain field distribution at a 13 Hz stimulation frequency, revealed modulation in deep brain areas, with minimal effects on the surface. Notably, we observed increased power within intrinsic and stimulation bands beneath the electrodes, attributed to the high stimulus signal amplitude. Additionally, Phase Locking Value (PLV) showed slight increments in non-deep areas. Our analysis indicates focal stimulation using tTIS, prompting further investigation into the necessity of high amplitudes to significantly affect deep brain regions, which warrants validation through clinical experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12536,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1436205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expanding the scope: multimodal dimensions in aphasia discourse analysis-preliminary findings.","authors":"Manaswita Dutta, Bijoyaa Mohapatra","doi":"10.3389/fnhum.2024.1419311","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fnhum.2024.1419311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aphasia, resulting from acquired brain injury, disrupts language processing and usage, significantly impacting individuals' social communication and life participation. Given the limitations of traditional assessments in capturing the nuanced challenges faced by individuals with aphasia, this study seeks to explore the potential benefits of integrating multimodal communication elements into discourse analysis to better capture narrative proficiency in this population.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined how incorporating multimodal communication elements (e.g., physical gestures, writing, drawing) into discourse analysis may affect the narrative outcomes of persons with aphasia compared to those observed using methods that exclude multimodal considerations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants included individuals with chronic aphasia and age-and education-matched healthy controls who completed a storytelling task-the Bear and the Fly story. Macrolinguistic scores were obtained using verbal-only and multimodal scoring approaches. Additionally, the frequency and type of multimodal communication use during storytelling were examined in relation to aphasia characteristics. Statistical analyses included both within-group and between-group comparisons as well as correlational analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with aphasia scored significantly higher in terms of their macrolinguistic abilities when multimodal scoring was considered compared to verbal-only scoring. Within the aphasia group, there were prominent differences noted in macrolinguistic scores for both fluent and nonfluent aphasia. Specifically, both groups scored higher on Main Concepts when multimodal scoring was considered, with the nonfluent group demonstrating significantly higher Main Concept and total macrolinguistic rubric scores in multimodal scoring compared to verbal scoring on the storytelling task. Additionally, aphasia severity showed moderate positive correlations with total macrolinguistic scores, indicating that individuals with less severe aphasia tended to produce higher quality narratives. Lastly, although persons with aphasia used different types of nonverbal modalities (i.e., drawing, writing), the use of meaning-laden gestures was most predominant during storytelling, emphasizing the importance of multimodal elements in communication for individuals with aphasia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our preliminary study findings underscore the importance of considering multimodal communication in assessing discourse performance among individuals with aphasia. Tailoring assessment approaches based on aphasia subtypes can provide valuable insights into linguistic abilities and inform targeted intervention strategies for improving communication outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12536,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience","volume":"18 ","pages":"1419311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}