Geophysical Research Letters最新文献_第6页

Characterizing the Interannual Variability of North Atlantic Subpolar Overturning 北大西洋次极翻转的年际变化特征

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1029/2025GL114672

Yao Fu, M. Susan Lozier, Amy Bower, Kristin Burmeister, Tiago Carrilho Biló, Frédéric Cyr, Stuart A. Cunningham, Brad deYoung, Ahmad Fehmi Dilmahamod, M. Femke de Jong, Nora Fried, N. Penny Holliday, Neil J. Fraser, William E. Johns, Feili Li, Johannes Karstensen, Robert S. Pickart, Fiammetta Straneo, Igor Yashayaev

{"title":"Characterizing the Interannual Variability of North Atlantic Subpolar Overturning","authors":"Yao Fu, M. Susan Lozier, Amy Bower, Kristin Burmeister, Tiago Carrilho Biló, Frédéric Cyr, Stuart A. Cunningham, Brad deYoung, Ahmad Fehmi Dilmahamod, M. Femke de Jong, Nora Fried, N. Penny Holliday, Neil J. Fraser, William E. Johns, Feili Li, Johannes Karstensen, Robert S. Pickart, Fiammetta Straneo, Igor Yashayaev","doi":"10.1029/2025GL114672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL114672","url":null,"abstract":"Variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) has drawn extensive attention due to its impact on the global redistribution of heat and freshwater. Here we present the latest time series (2014–2022) of the Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Program and characterize MOC interannual variability. We find that any single boundary current captures ∼30% of subpolar MOC interannual variability. However, to fully resolve MOC variability, a wide swath across the eastern subpolar basin is needed; in the Labrador Sea both boundaries are needed. Through a volume budget analysis for the subpolar basins' lower limbs, we estimate the magnitude of unresolved processes (e.g., diapycnal mixing) required to close the mean budget (∼2 Sv). We find that in the eastern subpolar basin surface-forced transformation variability is linked to lower limb volume variability, which translates to MOC changes within the same year. In contrast, this linkage is weak in the Labrador Sea.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL114672","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immediate Ice Stream and Shear Margin Response to Calving at Sermeq Kujalleq in Kangia, Greenland 格陵兰岛坎基亚塞梅克库雅列克冰流和切变边缘对产犊的直接响应

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1029/2025GL115829

Adrien Wehrlé, Hugo Rousseau, Martin P. Lüthi, Ana Nap, Andrea Kneib-Walter, Janneke van Ginkel, Guillaume Jouvet, Fabian Walter

{"title":"Immediate Ice Stream and Shear Margin Response to Calving at Sermeq Kujalleq in Kangia, Greenland","authors":"Adrien Wehrlé, Hugo Rousseau, Martin P. Lüthi, Ana Nap, Andrea Kneib-Walter, Janneke van Ginkel, Guillaume Jouvet, Fabian Walter","doi":"10.1029/2025GL115829","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025GL115829","url":null,"abstract":"The sensitivity of Greenland outlet glaciers to short-term flow disturbances lacks observations to be well constrained in numerical models. Specifically, sudden gigaton-scale calving events regularly occurring at major Greenland outlet glaciers like Sermeq Kujalleq in Kangia (SKK; also known as Jakobshavn Isbræ) are known to perturb background ice flow in complex ways. Here, we present high-rate terrestrial radar observations and show an immediate step-wise acceleration of SKK ice stream up to 11 km from its terminus, one of the longest immediate calving responses so far reported in Greenland. Focusing on SKK's shear margins, we detected large instantaneous increases in deformation rates in its most crevassed section, which, together with the along-flow response, provide evidence for strong lateral and longitudinal coupling of the ice stream. Using a simplified theoretical framework, we show that the loss of lateral drag due to calving is a key component of such a widespread calving response.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL115829","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145140691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of a Width-Based Satellite Discharge Algorithm for Detecting Longitudinal Flow Changes in a Human-Regulated Continental River Basin 基于宽度的卫星流量算法在人为调节的大陆河流流域纵向流量变化监测中的评价

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL114191

Y. Ishikawa, D. Yamazaki, Y. Yang

{"title":"Evaluation of a Width-Based Satellite Discharge Algorithm for Detecting Longitudinal Flow Changes in a Human-Regulated Continental River Basin","authors":"Y. Ishikawa, D. Yamazaki, Y. Yang","doi":"10.1029/2024GL114191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL114191","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the capabilities and limitations of estimating spatially continuous river discharge using satellite-observed river width and the AMHG-based algorithm (BAM). We applied this method to 668 reaches along the Yellow River mainstem, examining whether width-derived discharge estimates can capture both natural and anthropogenic streamflow variations. Results show that discharge increases at tributary confluences and decreases in irrigated sections were successfully reproduced, indicating the potential to represent realistic spatial patterns from satellite observations. We further evaluated the impact of prior discharge, which serves as an initial guess in BAM; incorporating irrigation-corrected priors improved estimation accuracy, particularly in downstream reaches affected by human activities. However, large errors remained in levee-confined reaches, where poor co-variability between width and discharge limited performance. Our findings highlight that satellite-based width measurements, when supported by appropriate priors, offer a promising means to monitor discharge in ungauged basins, while also revealing key challenges in regulated rivers.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL114191","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scale-Aware Evaluation of Complex Mountain Boundary Layer Flow From Observations and Simulations 基于观测和模拟的复杂山地边界层流动的尺度感知评价

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1029/2025GL116441

Karl Lapo, Anurag Dipankar, Brigitta Goger

{"title":"Scale-Aware Evaluation of Complex Mountain Boundary Layer Flow From Observations and Simulations","authors":"Karl Lapo, Anurag Dipankar, Brigitta Goger","doi":"10.1029/2025GL116441","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025GL116441","url":null,"abstract":"Boundary layers over complex, mountainous terrain are characterized by multi-scale, complex flow structures, where the characterization of individual flow modes poses a fundamental challenge. We apply the novel multi-resolution coherent spatio-temporal scale separation (mrCOSTS) method to LIDAR observations and numerical data of the velocity components of complex mountain boundary-layer flow. Using three distinct time scales (turbulent scales, mountain boundary layer, and diurnal scales) the underlying physical processes are explored. Furthermore, we identified the dominant flow patterns for each time scale, for example, down- and up-valley flows, cross-valley vortices, small-scale turbulence, and large evening transition eddies. Applying mrCOSTS to simulated velocity components enables us to identify how coherent structures and the flow patterns are represented at various mesh sizes in the model. Using mrCOSTS we trivially retrieved complex dynamics that were previously difficult to resolve, enabling a direct, scale-aware evaluation between the LIDAR observations and model results.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL116441","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145140689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of 3 ° ${}^{circ}$ C Global Warming on Hail Over Europe 全球变暖3°C对欧洲冰雹的影响

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1029/2025GL114811

I. Thurnherr, R. Cui, P. Velasquez, H. Wernli, C. Schär

{"title":"The Effect of 3\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 °\u0000 \u0000 ${}^{circ}$\u0000 C Global Warming on Hail Over Europe","authors":"I. Thurnherr, R. Cui, P. Velasquez, H. Wernli, C. Schär","doi":"10.1029/2025GL114811","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025GL114811","url":null,"abstract":"Hail severely impacts humans, crops, and infrastructure. Quantifying future hail trends is extremely challenging due to the complex dynamic, thermodynamic, and microphysical processes behind severe convective storms. Here, we combine a km-scale convection-permitting regional climate model and an online hail diagnostic to quantitatively assess changes in hail frequency in Europe imposed by a <math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 <mo>°</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> $3{}^{circ}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>C global warming level. Results show increases in summer hail frequency in northeastern Europe and decreases to the southwest for intense and severe hail days, related to changes in low-tropospheric water vapor content, convective available potential energy and convective inhibition. Small hail days generally decline across continental Europe, due to increased melting of hailstones with higher melting level height. The physical-based simulation approach captures convection and hail processes consistently, providing a solid basis for assessing the socioeconomic implications of hail and its trends with global warming.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL114811","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145140690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Secondary Plumes Formation Controlled by Interaction of Thermochemical Mantle Plumes With the Mantle Transition Zone 热化学地幔柱与地幔过渡带相互作用控制的二次地幔柱形成

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1029/2025GL117079

X. Zhu, A. Balázs, T. Gerya, Z. Sun

{"title":"Secondary Plumes Formation Controlled by Interaction of Thermochemical Mantle Plumes With the Mantle Transition Zone","authors":"X. Zhu, A. Balázs, T. Gerya, Z. Sun","doi":"10.1029/2025GL117079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL117079","url":null,"abstract":"The causes and global distribution of intraplate volcanism remain poorly understood, particularly the occurrence of scattered magmatism unrelated to large igneous provinces (LIPs). In this study, high-resolution numerical simulations are employed to examine the interaction between deep thermochemical mantle plumes and the mantle transition zone (MTZ) to clarify its role in plume ascent and surface magmatism. Results demonstrate that the MTZ exerts a significant control on plume behavior, with some plumes ascending directly while others stall and generate secondary upwellings (“baby plumes”), which may contribute to scattered, localized magmatism. The transition from direct ascent to stagnation of the primary (“parent”) thermochemical plume is influenced by temperature, plume volume, Clapeyron slopes, and compositional heterogeneities. Our results highlight the crucial role of the MTZ in how mantle plumes evolve and drive surface magmatism. This provides new insights into why some deep mantle plumes fail to generate LIPs, instead producing widely scattered volcanism.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL117079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glacially Enhanced Silicate Weathering Revealed by Holocene Lake Records 全新世湖泊记录揭示的冰川强化硅酸盐风化作用

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1029/2025GL115324

Yi Hou, J. Jotautas Baronas, Preston Cosslett Kemeny, Julien Bouchez, Áslaug Geirsdóttir, Gifford H. Miller, Mark A. Torres

{"title":"Glacially Enhanced Silicate Weathering Revealed by Holocene Lake Records","authors":"Yi Hou, J. Jotautas Baronas, Preston Cosslett Kemeny, Julien Bouchez, Áslaug Geirsdóttir, Gifford H. Miller, Mark A. Torres","doi":"10.1029/2025GL115324","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025GL115324","url":null,"abstract":"How glaciation affects <math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mtext>CO</mtext>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${text{CO}}_{2}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> drawdown by chemical weathering influences the weathering-climate feedback strength, which controls the exogenic carbon cycle and planetary habitability. However, the role of glaciers remains elusive as glaciation alters multiple factors controlling weathering, the net effect of which is ambiguous even in directionality. To isolate and quantify the effect of glaciers, we developed a novel multi-proxy system for constraining catchment-scale weathering fluxes in the past. This approach utilizes the correlation between Ge/Si and Si isotope ratios in modern rivers and the preservation of these signals in lacustrine sediments. Reconstructed weathering fluxes in two Icelandic catchments with different glacial histories during the past 10,000 years show that chemical weathering fluxes are roughly 10 times higher when a catchment is glaciated versus ice-free. The synchronous variations in weathering fluxes with the expansion and contraction of glaciers indicate that glaciation may rapidly amplify climatic variations via a positive feedback.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL115324","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145140687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Latent Heating Feedback on the Mid-Latitude Circulation 中纬度环流的潜热反馈

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1029/2025GL116437

Henrik Auestad, Abel Shibu, Paulo Ceppi, Tim Woollings

引用次数: 0

Unveiling Coseismic Deformation From Differenced Legacy Aerial Photography and Modern Lidar Topography: The 1983 M6.9 Borah Peak Earthquake, Idaho, USA 从不同的遗留航空摄影和现代激光雷达地形揭示同震形变：1983年M6.9波拉峰地震，爱达荷州，美国

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1029/2025GL115882

Chelsea P. Scott, Nadine G. Reitman, Simone Bello

{"title":"Unveiling Coseismic Deformation From Differenced Legacy Aerial Photography and Modern Lidar Topography: The 1983 M6.9 Borah Peak Earthquake, Idaho, USA","authors":"Chelsea P. Scott, Nadine G. Reitman, Simone Bello","doi":"10.1029/2025GL115882","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025GL115882","url":null,"abstract":"The 1983 M6.9 Borah Peak, Idaho, earthquake is one of the largest historical normal fault earthquakes in the western United States. We quantified meter-scale vertical change along the 35 km-long rupture using topographic differencing of 1966 aerial imagery and 2019 lidar-derived data. The initial differencing results are largely obscured by horizontal and vertical georeferencing errors and flight-line stripes. Our error corrections are designed to be insensitive to the coseismic deformation and reduced error by 50%. We calculated vertical separation and resolved a maximum of 2.02 ± 0.46 m at Doublespring Pass. Our vertical separation measurements are generally consistent with those from prior studies using field data and post-earthquake topographic data. However, the differencing measurements are a few decimeters lower than these prior measurements, indicating that differencing can isolate historical from prehistoric earthquake deformation. Our study demonstrates that revisiting historical earthquakes can provide new insights into the magnitude and patterns of coseismic deformation.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL115882","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coseismic Vertical Displacement for a Shallow Thrust Earthquake From EarthDEM Data 基于EarthDEM的浅层逆冲地震同震垂直位移研究

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1029/2025GL118029

Chunli Dai, Thomas Casteel, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, Ian M. Howat, Erik Husby

引用次数: 0