Geophysical Research Letters最新文献

{"title":"Quantifying Geomagnetic Activity's Contribution to the Global E-Region Electron Density's Day-To-Day Variability Using Spire Radio Occultation Observations","authors":"Cornelius Csar Jude H. Salinas,&nbsp;Dong L. Wu,&nbsp;Liying Qian","doi":"10.1029/2024GL112874","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024GL112874","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Using the unprecedented sampling of the Spire Radio Occultation (RO) data set, this paper statistically estimates geomagnetic dependencies of the global E-region Electron Density's (Ne) day-to-day variability. To assesses how much Spire RO-observed variabilities are consistent with known Physics, comparison is made with the Specified Dynamics–Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with Ionosphere/Thermosphere eXtension (SD-WACCM-X), a first principles Physics-based model. Results show that the largest geomagnetic dependency on Spire and SD-WACCM-X E-region Ne occurs at night over the auroral latitudes with coefficients of determination at around 49% and 80%, respectively. Their regression coefficients are both between +10%/Kp index to +16%/Kp index. On the other hand, Spire and SD-WACCM-X substantially disagree on the geomagnetic dependencies during day-time. These results suggest that Spire RO's observations of E-region Ne geomagnetic dependencies may only be substantially explained by known physics at night and not during the day.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL112874","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radially Anisotropic 3D Velocity Model of the Central Apennines Lithosphere: The \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 C\u0000 \u0000 I\u0000 23\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 $C{I}_{23}$\u0000 Model","authors":"Angela Stallone,&nbsp;Lion Krischer,&nbsp;Federica Magnoni,&nbsp;Emanuele Casarotti,&nbsp;Paola Baccheschi,&nbsp;Andreas Fichtner","doi":"10.1029/2024GL111333","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024GL111333","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We present the first application of Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI) for a radially anisotropic 3D velocity model of the lithosphere beneath central Italy. The retrieved model &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;I&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;23&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; $C{I}_{23}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; constrains P-wave (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; ${V}_{PV}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; ${V}_{PH}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;) and S-wave velocities (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; ${V}_{SV}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; ${V}_{SH}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;) in the period range 8–50 s. &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;I&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;23&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; $C{I}_{23}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; model correlates well with regional lithological formations and highlights a negative radial anisotropy anomaly &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mfenced&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL111333","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FORCINN: First-Order Reversal Curve Inversion of Magnetite Using Neural Networks","authors":"Zhaowen Pei,&nbsp;Wyn Williams,&nbsp;Lesleis Nagy,&nbsp;Greig A. Paterson,&nbsp;Roberto Moreno,&nbsp;Adrian R. Muxworthy,&nbsp;Liao Chang","doi":"10.1029/2024GL112769","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024GL112769","url":null,"abstract":"<p>First-order reversal curve (FORC) diagrams are a standard rock magnetic tool for analyzing bulk magnetic hysteresis behaviors, which are used to estimate the magnetic mineralogies and magnetic domain states of grains within natural materials. However, the interpretation of FORC distributions is challenging due to complex domain-state responses, which introduce well-documented uncertainties and subjectivity. Here, we propose a neural network algorithm (FORCINN) to invert the size and aspect ratio distribution from measured FORC data. We trained and tested the FORCINN model using a data set of synthetic numerical FORCs for single magnetite grains with various grain-sizes (45–400 nm) and aspect ratios (oblate and prolate grains). In addition to successfully testing against synthetic data sets, FORCINN was found to provide good estimates of the grain-size distributions for basalt samples and identify sample size differences in marine sediments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL112769","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asynchronous Poleward Migration of the Atlantic Subtropical Gyres Over the Past 22,000 years","authors":"Tainã M. L. Pinho,&nbsp;Hu Yang,&nbsp;Gerrit Lohmann,&nbsp;Rodrigo C. Portilho-Ramos,&nbsp;Cristiano M. Chiessi,&nbsp;Andre Bahr,&nbsp;Dirk Nürnberg,&nbsp;Janne Repschläger,&nbsp;Xiaoxu Shi,&nbsp;Ralf Tiedemann,&nbsp;Stefan Mulitza","doi":"10.1029/2024GL111497","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024GL111497","url":null,"abstract":"<p>By exchanging huge amounts of heat between the tropics and high latitudes, subtropical gyres significantly impact Earth's energy balance. Yet, their dynamical changes during the last deglaciation remain poorly understood. Here, nine records of the planktonic foraminiferal species <i>Globorotalia truncatulinoides</i>, that inhabits the permanent deep thermocline of subtropical gyres, are used to explore the meridional migration of both the North and South Atlantic subtropical gyres (NASG and SASG, respectively) in the past 22,000 years. We find that both gyres migrated poleward, with the SASG migration 1,500 years earlier than the NASG. Records from the North Atlantic Ocean indicate that the NASG's northern boundary has shifted over 6°. Climate model simulations suggest that these migrations are coupled with shifts in meridional temperature gradients. The poleward migration of the Atlantic subtropical gyres was crucial for sustaining a milder modern high-latitude climate in comparison with that of the last ice age.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL111497","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Impacts on Mars: Unraveling Seismic Propagation Paths Through a Cerberus Fossae Impact Detection","authors":"Constantinos Charalambous,&nbsp;W. Thomas Pike,&nbsp;Benjamin Fernando,&nbsp;Natalia Wójcicka,&nbsp;Doyeon Kim,&nbsp;Marouchka Froment,&nbsp;Philippe Lognonné,&nbsp;Savana Woodley,&nbsp;Lujendra Ojha,&nbsp;Valentin T. Bickel,&nbsp;Joseph McNeil,&nbsp;Gareth S. Collins,&nbsp;Ingrid J. Daubar,&nbsp;Anna Horleston,&nbsp;Bruce Banerdt","doi":"10.1029/2024GL110159","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024GL110159","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To date, eight meteoroid impacts have been identified in the seismic record of NASA's InSight mission on Mars, occurring either within 300 km or beyond 3,500 km. We report the association of a high-frequency marsquake, S0794a, with a new 21.5-m-diameter impact crater discovered at an intermediate distance of 1,640 km in the tectonically active Cerberus-Fossae graben system. This impact enables the direct comparison between surface and subsurface sources, as well as providing the first data point in the critical gap between previous impacts, both in distance and crater size. Additionally, the location of this event necessitates a reassessment of assumed seismic raypaths that were thought to propagate along a slow crustal waveguide. We find that the raypaths instead penetrate and travel through the faster mantle, implying numerous identified marsquake epicenters should be relocated up to two times farther from InSight, with implications for seismically derived impact rates and regional seismicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL110159","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can We Constrain Geographical Variability in the Biological Carbon Pump's Transfer Efficiency From Observations?","authors":"A. Rufas,&nbsp;S. Khatiwala,&nbsp;K. M. Bisson,&nbsp;A. P. Martin,&nbsp;H. A. Bouman","doi":"10.1029/2024GL111203","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024GL111203","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The biological carbon pump (BCP) transfers large amounts of carbon from the atmosphere into the ocean's interior, contributing to carbon sequestration. Studies on latitudinal variability in organic carbon transfer to depth have yielded inconsistent results, likely due to methodological differences. To address this, we compiled particulate organic carbon (POC) flux data and BCP metrics from time-series locations across biogeographically distinct ocean regions. We integrated multiple BCP observational techniques, including diverse collection and processing protocols, capturing diverse facets of POC flux at varying spatio-temporal resolutions. To ensure comparability, we harmonized errors and used Monte Carlo error propagation to calculate uncertainties consistently. Our analysis reveals large local uncertainties that obscure expected latitudinal variations in BCP metrics. While such variations may exist, they remain difficult to identify with current observational data. Our findings underscore the need for sustained POC flux observations, standardization of protocols, and intercalibration of technologies to identify geographic BCP patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL111203","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lateral Fluxes Drive Basal Melting Beneath Thwaites Eastern Ice Shelf, West Antarctica","authors":"Peter E. D. Davis,&nbsp;Keith W. Nicholls,&nbsp;David M. Holland,&nbsp;Britney E. Schmidt,&nbsp;Peter Washam,&nbsp;Bieito Fernández Castro,&nbsp;Kiya L. Riverman,&nbsp;James A. Smith,&nbsp;Paul G. D. Anker,&nbsp;Andrew D. Mullen,&nbsp;Daniel Dichek,&nbsp;Elisabeth Clyne,&nbsp;Keith Makinson","doi":"10.1029/2024GL111873","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024GL111873","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thwaites Glacier is one of the fastest-changing ice-ocean systems in Antarctica. Basal melting beneath Thwaites' floating ice shelf, especially around pinning points and at the grounding line, sets the rate of ice loss and Thwaites' contribution to global sea-level rise. The rate of basal melting is controlled by the transport of heat into and through the ice–ocean boundary layer toward the ice base. Here we present the first turbulence observations from the grounding line of Thwaites Eastern Ice Shelf. We demonstrate that contrary to expectations, the turbulence-driven vertical flux of heat into the ice–ocean boundary layer is insufficient to sustain the basal melt rate. Instead, most of the heat required must be delivered by lateral fluxes driven by the large-scale advective circulation. Lateral processes likely dominate beneath the most unstable warm-cavity ice shelves, and thus must be fully incorporated into parameterizations of ice shelf basal melting.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL111873","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Situ Evidence of Ionospheric Feedback Instability Adjacent to a Quiescent Auroral Arc","authors":"Kenton Greene,&nbsp;David M. Miles,&nbsp;Scott R. Bounds,&nbsp;John W. Bonnell,&nbsp;Connor Feltman,&nbsp;Roger Roglans,&nbsp;Anatoly Streltsov","doi":"10.1029/2024GL110479","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024GL110479","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The ACES-II Low sounding rocket, which launched from Andøya Space Center in Andenes, Norway, on 20 November 2022, made low altitude observations consistent with characteristics of the Ionosphere Feedback Instability (IFI) as it traversed a quiet, discrete auroral arc. Small scale Alfvénic signatures are observed in regions of depleted ionospheric plasma density, large perpendicular ionospheric electric fields, and matched Pedersen and Alfvén conductivities—all observational preconditions required for the formation of the IFI. These signatures are consistent with those of standing Alfvén wave modes in the ionospheric resonant cavity driven by the IFI. The observed Alfvénic structures are correlated with small scale perturbations in the background plasma density. The observed features are similar to the predictions of recent numerical simulations of resonant Alfvén waves generated by the IFI. These observations suggest that the IFI mechanism plays a role in the formation and structuring of this discrete auroral arc.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL110479","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double Reflections in Polarized Radar Data Reveal Ice Fabric in the North East Greenland Ice Stream","authors":"Niels F. Nymand,&nbsp;David A. Lilien,&nbsp;Tamara A. Gerber,&nbsp;Christine S. Hvidberg,&nbsp;Daniel Steinhage,&nbsp;Prasad Gogineni,&nbsp;Drew Taylor,&nbsp;Dorthe Dahl-Jensen","doi":"10.1029/2024GL110453","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024GL110453","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The orientation of ice crystals within large ice masses has a strong influence on their mechanical properties, but cannot be directly observed from the surface. The bulk birefringence of anisotropic ice allows us to infer information about the crystal orientation fabric (COF) from polarized radar measurements. Here, we show a new approach for determining the orientation and strength of horizontal COF anisotropy from two radar reflections originating from the same physical layer in birefringent ice. We apply this method to data collected as part of a ground-based radar survey of the North East Greenland Ice Stream. We observe a 12-degree clockwise rotation of the fabric at the center of the ice stream, and a tendency toward a flow-aligned COF further southeast. This asymmetry across the ice-stream centerline adds to growing evidence for a more variable ice stream than previously assumed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL110453","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143072472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Sea Surface Temperature Variations at the Northern Limit of the Kuroshio Current in Marine Isotope Stage 20–18","authors":"Hiroto Kajita,&nbsp;Yusuke Suganuma,&nbsp;Yuki Haneda,&nbsp;Makoto Okada,&nbsp;Masanobu Yamamoto,&nbsp;Osamu Seki,&nbsp;Naohiko Ohkouchi","doi":"10.1029/2024GL113197","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024GL113197","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents a high time-resolution alkenone unsaturation ratios (U^K'₃₇) in the Chiba composite section, a marine sedimentary sequence formed in the Kazusa forearc basin in the northwestern Pacific under the influence of the Kuroshio and Oyashio currents. The U^K'₃₇ reflects summer sea surface temperature (SST) and records glacial-interglacial to sub-millennial-scale variations spanning the marine isotope stage (MIS) 19, an analog of our Holocene interglacial. At the glacial-interglacial scale, summer U^K'₃₇-SST and previously published winter SST fluctuations are in tandem with East Asian Summer and Winter monsoon variabilities, respectively. Millennial-scale U^K'₃₇-SST variations correspond to meltwater events in the North Atlantic. Summer temperature amplitudes maybe half those in winter, suggesting the stable dominance of the Kuroshio Current during the summer and significant winter cooling caused by the Oyashio Current intrusion. Our study reveals the unique seasonally different atmosphere-ocean coupling system during MIS 19 at the subarctic front in the northwestern Pacific.</p>","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL113197","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143072470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}