Geophysical Research Letters最新文献_第5页

Improved Parameterization of Cloud Droplet Spectral Dispersion Expected to Reduce Uncertainty in Evaluating Aerosol Indirect Effects

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL111643

Ping Zhang, Yuan Wang, Jiming Li, Fang Fang, Lei Zhu, Jingjing Lv

{"title":"Improved Parameterization of Cloud Droplet Spectral Dispersion Expected to Reduce Uncertainty in Evaluating Aerosol Indirect Effects","authors":"Ping Zhang, Yuan Wang, Jiming Li, Fang Fang, Lei Zhu, Jingjing Lv","doi":"10.1029/2024GL111643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL111643","url":null,"abstract":"Relative dispersion (ε), as a parameter characterizing droplet spectral shape, exerts a considerable impact on cloud radiation and precipitation processes, and its accurate parameterization is urgently needed in models. Current ε parameterizations, which are based on droplet number concentration or simply set as constants, are inadequate to satisfy the demand. This study shows, utilizing in-situ cloud and fog observations from five underlying surface regions (urban, suburban, mountainous, coastal and rainforest) of China, that ε uniformly and stably manifests as initially increasing then decreasing as volume-mean diameter increases across these regions. Based on this relationship, a ε parameterization is established, which exhibits improved predictive capabilities in evaluating both cloud albedo effect and cloud lifetime effect. The parameterization is expected to enhance cloud simulation accuracy and minimize discrepancy between observed and simulated cloud radiation and precipitation, particularly for weather and climate models that commonly use the double-moment cloud microphysical schemes.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL111643","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rapid Changes in Retrogressive Thaw Slump Dynamics in the Russian High Arctic Based on Very High-Resolution Remote Sensing

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL113022

S. Barth, I. Nitze, B. Juhls, A. Runge, G. Grosse

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Mélange Formation on the Rheology and H2O Budget of the Subduction Zone Interface, With Implications for Diapir Nucleation

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL113049

Benjamin Z. Klein, Mark D. Behn

{"title":"The Impact of Mélange Formation on the Rheology and H2O Budget of the Subduction Zone Interface, With Implications for Diapir Nucleation","authors":"Benjamin Z. Klein, Mark D. Behn","doi":"10.1029/2024GL113049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL113049","url":null,"abstract":"At the subduction zone interface, a combination of mechanical deformation and (fluid-mediated) chemical mixing of oceanic crust, sediment and mantle lithologies yields heterogeneous mélange lithologies. These mélanges have compositions and metamorphic mineral assemblages dissimilar to their endmember source lithologies, resulting in a subduction zone interface with physical properties (e.g., H2O capacity, density, and viscosity) that are distinct from both the source lithologies and simple mechanical mixtures of these lithologies. Using phase equilibria modeling, we find that a large range of mélange compositions carry more H2O to sub-arc depths and are less dense compared to equivalent mechanical mixtures. We further show that mélange is much weaker than the overlying mantle but remains stronger than quartzite deforming by dislocation creep. Lastly, we synthesize these results and find that at all subduction zones, a range of mélange compositions are likely to form diapirs at sub-arc depths and sub-solidus temperatures.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL113049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A New Understanding of the Poyang Lake-Yangtze River Interaction: A Backwater Effect on the Yangtze River Perspective

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1029/2025GL114807

Yuanyuan Meng, Liguang Jiang, Erhu Du, Xingxing Zhang, Weijie Wang, Lei Wang

引用次数: 0

Hydroclimatic Constraints on Tree Transpiration-Induced Cooling Across Global Biomes

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL113551

Muhammad Hayat, Xianli Xu, Ran Liu

{"title":"Hydroclimatic Constraints on Tree Transpiration-Induced Cooling Across Global Biomes","authors":"Muhammad Hayat, Xianli Xu, Ran Liu","doi":"10.1029/2024GL113551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL113551","url":null,"abstract":"Despite trees' critical role in regulating global warming, their direct transpiration-induced cooling (TIC) effects in response to background climate at the global scale are currently not well understood by ground observations. We used the global observation-based SAPFLUXNET data set to quantify the trees' TIC and investigate how hydroclimatic variables affect TIC across biomes. Results show that TIC (i.e., air temperature reduction (ΔT)) was highest in tropical rainforests (3.24°C m−2 d−1) and lowest in temperate grassland deserts (0.06°C m−2 d−1). ΔT was mainly driven by air temperature and vapor pressure deficit in warm-wet biomes, while precipitation and soil water content (SWC) in hot-dry biomes. Globally, we found an average critical SWC threshold (SWCcrit) for ΔT (0.37 m3 m−3), with higher values in warm-wet and lower values in hot-dry biomes. These findings provide novel insights into the role of trees in mitigating global warming and improving the hydroclimatic constraints in models.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL113551","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Barrier Layer Variability in the Central Equatorial Pacific Associated With ENSO Development

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL113396

Cong Guan, Michael J. McPhaden, Shijian Hu, Fan Wang, Yuanlong Li, Manman Cui

引用次数: 0

Observational Characteristics of Electron Distributions in the Martian Induced Magnetotail

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL113030

Chi Zhang, Chuanfei Dong, Hongyang Zhou, Jan Deca, Shaosui Xu, Yuki Harada, Shannon M. Curry, David L. Mitchell, Zhi-Yang Liu, Junfeng Qin, Christian Mazelle

{"title":"Observational Characteristics of Electron Distributions in the Martian Induced Magnetotail","authors":"Chi Zhang, Chuanfei Dong, Hongyang Zhou, Jan Deca, Shaosui Xu, Yuki Harada, Shannon M. Curry, David L. Mitchell, Zhi-Yang Liu, Junfeng Qin, Christian Mazelle","doi":"10.1029/2024GL113030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL113030","url":null,"abstract":"Mars's magnetotail represents a unique case within the solar system, embodying both intrinsic and induced magnetic fields. Yet, the electron dynamics within this region have remained largely unexplored. Utilizing nine years of electron and magnetic field data from the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN mission (MAVEN), we conducted a comprehensive statistical analysis to uncover the average electron characteristics in the Martian induced magnetotail for the first time. Our findings revealed a distinct pattern of electron behavior: in the lobe regions, electrons tend to converge toward the current sheet, driven by an ambipolar electric field that is directed from the current sheet toward the lobe. Additionally, we observed that electrons are more energetic in the +E hemisphere, where the solar wind electric field points away from Mars, compared to the opposite hemisphere. This mirrors the behavior of planetary ions and supports the hypothesized formation mechanism of sinuous auroras.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL113030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Time-Averaging of Climate Data on Estimates of Atmospheric Vapor Pressure Deficit and Inferred Relationships With Wildfire Area in the Western United States

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL113708

Qian He, A. Park Williams, Miriam R. Johnston, Caroline S. Juang, Bowen Wang

{"title":"Influence of Time-Averaging of Climate Data on Estimates of Atmospheric Vapor Pressure Deficit and Inferred Relationships With Wildfire Area in the Western United States","authors":"Qian He, A. Park Williams, Miriam R. Johnston, Caroline S. Juang, Bowen Wang","doi":"10.1029/2024GL113708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL113708","url":null,"abstract":"Vapor pressure deficit (VPD) is a driver of evaporative demand and correlates strongly with wildfire extent in the western United States (WUS). Vapor pressure deficit is the difference between saturation vapor pressure (es) and actual vapor pressure (ea). Because es increases nonlinearly with temperature, calculations of time-averaged VPD vary depending on the frequency of temperature measurements and how ea is calculated, potentially limiting our understanding of fire-climate relationships. We calculate eight versions of monthly VPD across the WUS and assess their differences. Monthly VPDs calculated from daily data are 2%–6% higher, and more accurate, than when calculated from monthly data. Using daily maximum and minimum temperature, instead of mean, increases VPD by ∼20%, but can overestimate true values depending on how ea is calculated. These differences do not meaningfully impact correlations with annual wildfire area, however, suggesting our understanding of historical fire-VPD relations is not very sensitive to how VPD is calculated.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL113708","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lower-Crustal Earthquakes: Strain Rate Controls the Magnitude and Rate of Stress Amplification in Rigid Blocks

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL114350

Sascha Zertani, Marcel Thielmann, Luca Menegon

{"title":"Lower-Crustal Earthquakes: Strain Rate Controls the Magnitude and Rate of Stress Amplification in Rigid Blocks","authors":"Sascha Zertani, Marcel Thielmann, Luca Menegon","doi":"10.1029/2024GL114350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL114350","url":null,"abstract":"Earthquakes in the dry lower continental crust are enigmatic, as they require very high deviatoric stresses. Field observations suggest that stress amplification in rigid blocks surrounded by ductile shear zones leads to seismic failure: the jostling block model. Here we quantify this model by systematically testing numerically how variations in geometry, material properties, and loading conditions impact magnitude and rate of stress amplification. We demonstrate that bulk strain rate is the dominant factor controlling stress amplification. High strain rates of 10−10–10−12 s−1 cause stresses on the 102–103–MPa level within 100–102 years, while lower strain rates are insufficient to generate the stresses required for lower-crustal earthquakes. While geometries and material properties play a subordinate role in causing stress amplification, tests with varying loading conditions show that pure shear is more effective in generating high stress amplifications compared to simple shear in the case of the given geometry.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL114350","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trapping of Whistler Waves in the Magnetic Hole at a Dipolarization Front

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL114268

K. Jiang, S. Y. Huang, X. D. Yu, Z. G. Yuan, Q. Y. Xiong, R. T. Lin, L. Yu

引用次数: 0