Geophysical Research Letters最新文献_第7页

Uncertainties in the Projection of Sterodynamic Sea Level in CMIP6 Models CMIP6模式中体动力海平面预估的不确定性

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL113691

Chenyang Jin, Hailong Liu, Pengfei Lin, Kewei Lyu, Yiwen Li

引用次数: 0

Regime Shift in Arctic Ocean Sea-Ice Extent 北冰洋海冰范围的变化

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL114546

Harry L. Stern

引用次数: 0

Tree-Ring Anatomy Improves the Reliability of Temperature Reconstructions Using Relict Wood 树木年轮解剖提高了残木温度重建的可靠性

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL113310

Stefan Klesse, Jesper Björklund, Marina V. Fonti, Daniel Nievergelt, Georg von Arx, Rashit M. Hantemirov, Vladimir V. Kukarskih, Lisbeth Garbrecht Thygesen, Nanna Bjerregaard Pedersen, Patrick Fonti

{"title":"Tree-Ring Anatomy Improves the Reliability of Temperature Reconstructions Using Relict Wood","authors":"Stefan Klesse, Jesper Björklund, Marina V. Fonti, Daniel Nievergelt, Georg von Arx, Rashit M. Hantemirov, Vladimir V. Kukarskih, Lisbeth Garbrecht Thygesen, Nanna Bjerregaard Pedersen, Patrick Fonti","doi":"10.1029/2024GL113310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL113310","url":null,"abstract":"Tree rings are crucial for reconstructing past climates, with maximum latewood density (MXD) as a key metric. However, wood integrity is critical for accurate MXD-based reconstructions, raising concerns when using potentially degraded relict wood. Quantitative wood anatomy (QWA) provides a morphometric alternative. We compared X-ray and QWA-derived density measurements from recent and five-millennia-old relict wood from Siberia's Yamal region. We measured bulk density and holo-cellulose-to-wood ratio and employed spectroscopic analyses to identify chemical factors affecting density loss. The findings indicate likely abiotic degradation in relict wood, evidenced by significantly lower bulk density, holo-cellulose content, and MXD than recent samples, while anatomical density and maximum radial cell wall thickness appeared unchanged. MXD-based estimates suggested 1.7°C colder June-August (JJA) temperatures 4,700 years ago, while QWA-based estimates indicated 0.4°C warmer JJA temperatures than the 20th-century mean. For relict wood with potential mass loss due to degradation, QWA is recommended over traditional MXD methods.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL113310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can We Rely on Satellite Visible/Infrared Microphysical Retrievals of Boundary Layer Clouds in Partially Cloudy Scenes? Implications for Climate Research 局部多云场景中边界层云能否依靠卫星可见光/红外微物理反演？对气候研究的影响

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL113825

David Painemal, William L. Smith Jr., Siddhant Gupta, Richard Moore, Brian Cairns, Greg M. McFarquhar, Joseph O’Brien

{"title":"Can We Rely on Satellite Visible/Infrared Microphysical Retrievals of Boundary Layer Clouds in Partially Cloudy Scenes? Implications for Climate Research","authors":"David Painemal, William L. Smith Jr., Siddhant Gupta, Richard Moore, Brian Cairns, Greg M. McFarquhar, Joseph O’Brien","doi":"10.1029/2024GL113825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL113825","url":null,"abstract":"This study addresses the longstanding question of the reliability of gridded visible/infrared satellite cloud properties in partially cloudy scenes. By using in-situ cloud probes and airborne Research Scanning Polarimeter (RSP) observations, we analyze bias changes in satellite retrievals from the Spinning Enhanced Visible Infra-Red Imager (SEVIRI) geostationary sensor during the ORACLES campaign. Biases in cloud optical depth (τ) and droplet effective radius (re) modestly change for cloud area fraction greater than 35%. The agreement between SEVIRI and RSP re substantially improves when the retrievals are averaged after removing pixels with τ < 3.0, yielding biases indistinguishable from overcast scenes. In addition, satellite and RSP show an excellent agreement for closed- and open-cell stratocumulus clouds, showing that the satellite retrievals capture spatial changes of re, and confirming that satellites can faithfully reproduce real physical features for optically thick and partially cloudy scenes. We demonstrate that a simple methodology can minimize uncertainties in satellite-based climate studies.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL113825","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Crucial Role of the Initial State in MJO Prediction 初始状态在MJO预测中的关键作用

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1029/2025GL115833

L. Bengtsson, S. N. Tulich, J. Dias, B. Wolding, K. J. C. Hall, M. Gehne, G. N. Kiladis, P. Pegion

{"title":"The Crucial Role of the Initial State in MJO Prediction","authors":"L. Bengtsson, S. N. Tulich, J. Dias, B. Wolding, K. J. C. Hall, M. Gehne, G. N. Kiladis, P. Pegion","doi":"10.1029/2025GL115833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115833","url":null,"abstract":"The Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO) is a key driver of intraseasonal predictability. Accurate prediction of the MJO is challenging partly due to its complex interactions with the background state and sensitivity to initial conditions and unresolved processes. Using NOAA's Unified Forecast System, we explore the impact of subtle differences in initial conditions on MJO forecasts over the Indo-Pacific. Model runs initialized with two independent reanalyses show significant and systematic differences in MJO circulation amplitude that emerge rapidly and persist over the 15-day forecast period. Additional analysis suggests the reason is due to differences in the initial atmospheric static stability. Specifically, the reanalysis that is initially less stable is associated with enhanced large-scale vertical motion and divergent winds throughout the forecast. Notably, a convection-based MJO index shows less sensitivity to initial conditions, suggesting that the differences in MJO circulation amplitude arise through mechanisms other than changes in convection or diabatic heating.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL115833","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thunderstorm Charge Distribution Determination Using Cosmic Rays Induced Air Showers and Lightning Imaging at LOFAR 利用宇宙射线诱导的空气阵雨和LOFAR闪电成像确定雷暴电荷分布

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1029/2025GL115586

T. N. G. Trinh, O. Scholten, R. van Loon, B. M. Hare, J. D. Assink, S. Bouma, S. Buitink, A. Corstanje, S. Cummer, M. Desmet, J. Dwyer, H. Falcke, J. R. Hörandel, T. Huege, N. Karastathis, G. K. Krampah, P. Laub, N. Liu, M. Lourens, K. Mulrey, A. Nelles, H. Pandya, C. Sterpka, K. Terveer, S. Thoudam, P. Turekova, S. ter Veen

{"title":"Thunderstorm Charge Distribution Determination Using Cosmic Rays Induced Air Showers and Lightning Imaging at LOFAR","authors":"T. N. G. Trinh, O. Scholten, R. van Loon, B. M. Hare, J. D. Assink, S. Bouma, S. Buitink, A. Corstanje, S. Cummer, M. Desmet, J. Dwyer, H. Falcke, J. R. Hörandel, T. Huege, N. Karastathis, G. K. Krampah, P. Laub, N. Liu, M. Lourens, K. Mulrey, A. Nelles, H. Pandya, C. Sterpka, K. Terveer, S. Thoudam, P. Turekova, S. ter Veen","doi":"10.1029/2025GL115586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115586","url":null,"abstract":"The LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) radio telescope possesses the unique capability to measure ultra-high energy cosmic rays as well as image lightning discharges. This study presents a comparison between the inferred thunderstorm charge structures derived from cosmic-ray measurements and from lightning flashes. Our results show a basic triple-layered distribution: a positive upper layer, a main negative layer, and a positive lower layer. However, our cosmic-ray measurement shows a bottom-heavy structure, where the charge in the upper positively charged layer is smaller than that in the lower one. This is consistent with practically all lightning observations with LOFAR, showing well-developed negative leader structures at altitudes below those where positive leaders are seen. This is very different from the vast majority of thundercloud charge structures seen around the world.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL115586","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tectonic Stress as the Driving Mechanism for Dike Opening in an Oblique Rift Setting: A Deformation Model of the 2021 Fagradalsfjall Dike, Iceland 构造应力作为倾斜裂谷环境下堤坝开放的驱动机制：冰岛2021年Fagradalsfjall堤坝的变形模型

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL113970

Sonja H. M. Greiner, Freysteinn Sigmundsson, Halldór Geirsson, Steffi Burchardt, Olivier Galland

{"title":"Tectonic Stress as the Driving Mechanism for Dike Opening in an Oblique Rift Setting: A Deformation Model of the 2021 Fagradalsfjall Dike, Iceland","authors":"Sonja H. M. Greiner, Freysteinn Sigmundsson, Halldór Geirsson, Steffi Burchardt, Olivier Galland","doi":"10.1029/2024GL113970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL113970","url":null,"abstract":"Repeated dike-intrusions often occur in zones where extensional stress has accumulated. Still, geodetic modeling of observed dike-induced ground deformation often ignores the contribution of tectonic stress. On the obliquely spreading Reykjanes Peninsula, Iceland, tectonic strain build-up had been geodetically documented for three decades when a magmatic dike formed at Fagradalsfjall in 2021. We explore the contribution of tectonic stress on dike emplacement in a viscoelastic three-dimensional Finite-Element deformation model. Tectonic stress accumulation is initially simulated through plate motion, and later partially released by opening of a segmented rectangular dike. We find that surface deformation can be largely reproduced by releasing <math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>∼</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${sim} $</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>60% of the accumulated tectonic stress. Partial stress release and low magma overpressure are consistent with successive dike intrusions and low-intensity eruptions in the area. Our model provides an approach to consistently model stress-release constrained by surface deformation.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL113970","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reduced Winter-Time Clear Air Turbulence in the Trans-Atlantic Region Under Stratospheric Aerosol Injection 平流层气溶胶注入下跨大西洋地区冬季晴空湍流的减少

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL113627

K. L. Barnes, A. C. Jones, P. D. Williams, J. M. Haywood

引用次数: 0

Fast Warming Over the Mongolian Plateau a Catalyst for Extreme Rainfall Over North China 蒙古高原快速变暖是华北极端降雨的催化剂

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL113737

Jun Gu, Chun Zhao, Mingyue Xu, Yuanyuan Ma, Zhiyuan Hu, Chen Jin, Jianping Guo, Tao Geng, Wenju Cai

{"title":"Fast Warming Over the Mongolian Plateau a Catalyst for Extreme Rainfall Over North China","authors":"Jun Gu, Chun Zhao, Mingyue Xu, Yuanyuan Ma, Zhiyuan Hu, Chen Jin, Jianping Guo, Tao Geng, Wenju Cai","doi":"10.1029/2024GL113737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL113737","url":null,"abstract":"Extreme rainfall events are becoming increasingly severe under a warming climate. North China has experienced several catastrophic rainfall events, of which the rainstorm in 2023 was particularly severe inducing unprecedented damage. Since 1980, the neighboring Mongolian Plateau (MP) has been warming at a rate three times the global average, faster than the surrounding regions. Whether a link exists between extreme rainfall in North China and the fast MP warming is unknown. Here, using global variable-resolution atmospheric model with convection-permitting capability over North China, we find the rapid warming trends, particularly over the MP, are highly conducive to extreme rainfall over North China. In the 2023 case, the fast MP warming induced an anomalous terrestrial high, which in the Western North Pacific Subtropical High created a strong high-pressure system over North China. This system obstructed northeastward movement of Typhoon Doksuri, concentrating moisture supply which prolonged and intensified the extreme.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL113737","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ESA's Aeolus Mission Reveals Uncertainties in Tropical Wind and Wave-Driven Circulations 欧空局的Aeolus任务揭示了热带风和波浪驱动环流的不确定性

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1029/2025GL114832

N. Žagar, R. Pilch Kedzierski, G. De Chiara, S. Healy, M. Rennie, F. Sielmann

{"title":"ESA's Aeolus Mission Reveals Uncertainties in Tropical Wind and Wave-Driven Circulations","authors":"N. Žagar, R. Pilch Kedzierski, G. De Chiara, S. Healy, M. Rennie, F. Sielmann","doi":"10.1029/2025GL114832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL114832","url":null,"abstract":"The recent European Space Agency Aeolus mission provided global coverage of horizontal line-of-sight (HLOS) wind profiles. Using observing system experiments with HLOS winds in the ECMWF data assimilation system, we quantify the effects of HLOS winds on wave circulation and the mean zonal state in the tropical upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) in relation to the background shear. Despite large observation random errors, the assimilation of HLOS winds produced substantial effects on Kelvin and <math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>n</mi>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> $n=1$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> Rossby wave zonal winds, and, through 4D-Var, on mixed Rossby-gravity waves. The effects are asymmetric in easterlies and westerlies, consistent with the background shear. The largest analysis differences due to HLOS winds occurred during the 2019/2020 disruption of the quasi-biennial oscillation. The results highlight the importance of observing shear zones within the UTLS for reducing tropical analysis uncertainties.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GL114832","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0