Geophysical Research Letters最新文献_第7页

Particle-To-Field Energy Conversion Inside a Magnetotail Flux Rope

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL114392

C. X. Du, H. S. Fu, J. B. Cao, E. Grigorenko, Z. Z. Chen, Z. Wang, Z. Z. Guo, Z. Y. Xu, W. D. Fu

{"title":"Particle-To-Field Energy Conversion Inside a Magnetotail Flux Rope","authors":"C. X. Du, H. S. Fu, J. B. Cao, E. Grigorenko, Z. Z. Chen, Z. Wang, Z. Z. Guo, Z. Y. Xu, W. D. Fu","doi":"10.1029/2024GL114392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL114392","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic flux ropes (FRs) are commonly observed in the universal plasmas, in which various dynamic processes can be embedded and thus become important places for energy conversion. Previous observations generally suggested that the energy conversion inside FRs is from the field to particles. Interestingly, taking advantage of the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission, we present here a newly observed magnetotail FR with strong particle-to-field energy conversion (|E ⋅ J| > 1.5 nW/m3). Meanwhile, we have revealed that such energy conversion is driven by an intense electron-carried field-aligned current and parallel electric field. Continually, based on the analysis of the electron velocity distribution functions and the power spectral density of the parallel electric field, we further discuss that the energy conversion probably results in the enhancement of the parallel electric field due to the anti-parallel electron nonthermal population. This study essentially improves the understanding of the energy conversion inside the magnetotail flux rope.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL114392","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Laboratory Sand Tank Modeling of the Brumbys Fault CO2 Controlled Release Field Experiment

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL113918

Hailun Ni, Andrew Feitz, Eric Tenthorey, Hadi Nourollah, Katherine Romanak, Claire Patterson, Susan Hovorka

{"title":"Laboratory Sand Tank Modeling of the Brumbys Fault CO2 Controlled Release Field Experiment","authors":"Hailun Ni, Andrew Feitz, Eric Tenthorey, Hadi Nourollah, Katherine Romanak, Claire Patterson, Susan Hovorka","doi":"10.1029/2024GL113918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL113918","url":null,"abstract":"Faults present potential leakage risks for geological CO2 storage. To de-risk a field test injecting CO2 into a shallow fault, laboratory sand tank fluid flow experiments were conducted prior to field injection. The vertical 2.5D sand tank analog models were constructed with different grain sizes of glass beads to represent the permeability contrast between formation layers. A variety of analog fluids were also used to represent both the injection of gaseous and supercritical CO2. Experimental results have validated the simulation results in terms of fluid migration pathways. In addition, results with different analog fluids show that CO2 migration along faults is likely to have similar overall flow paths both near the surface and at depth, but different plume sizes and saturation. Finally, based on an inspectional scaling analysis, we were able to estimate field-scale CO2 plume migration time, which has been validated by real field observations for the first time.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL113918","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Increased Atmospheric Aridity and Reduced Precipitation Drive the 2023 Extreme Wildfire Season in Canada

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL114492

Gengke Lai, Yongguang Zhang

{"title":"Increased Atmospheric Aridity and Reduced Precipitation Drive the 2023 Extreme Wildfire Season in Canada","authors":"Gengke Lai, Yongguang Zhang","doi":"10.1029/2024GL114492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL114492","url":null,"abstract":"Canada experienced an unprecedented wildfire season in 2023. Here, we analyzed the exceptional scale, dominant driving factors, and potential impacts on permafrost of these wildfires using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer burned area (BA) observations and machine learning methods. We found that the 2023 coast-to-coast wildfires raged a staggering area of 13.02 Mha, more than seven times the historical average (2001–2022). The extreme wildfires were predominantly driven by record-breaking drought, characterized by heightened atmospheric aridity and reduced precipitation, with specific water deficit thresholds triggering sharp increases in BA. Over 80% of the 2023 wildfires occurred in Canada's permafrost regions, with burned areas increasing more than six-fold across extensive permafrost, including Arctic regions. These wildfires are expected to accelerate permafrost degradation and considerable carbon release from thawing, presenting previously overlooked risks. Our results emphasize the urgent need for immediate climatic action to mitigate climate change and pressures from wildfire and permafrost degradation.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL114492","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Vapor Pressure Deficit in the CLM Simulated Interaction Between Urban Heat Islands and Heat Waves Over CONUS

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL113257

Linying Wang, Dan Li, Xing Yuan

引用次数: 0

Shear Strain Evolution Spanning the 2020 Mw6.8 Elazığ and 2023 Mw7.8/Mw7.6 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake Sequence Along the East Anatolian Fault Zone

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL114033

Ziming Liu, Heng Luo, Yann Klinger, Teng Wang

{"title":"Shear Strain Evolution Spanning the 2020 Mw6.8 Elazığ and 2023 Mw7.8/Mw7.6 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake Sequence Along the East Anatolian Fault Zone","authors":"Ziming Liu, Heng Luo, Yann Klinger, Teng Wang","doi":"10.1029/2024GL114033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL114033","url":null,"abstract":"Shallow creep along strike-slip faults is essential in releasing strain during earthquake cycles. However, its origin—whether inherent or triggered by earthquakes—remains debated. Using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar phase-gradient data, we map shear-strain rates along the East Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ) before and after the 2020 Mw6.8 Elazığ and 2023 Mw7.8/Mw7.6 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes. The observed strain-rate distributions strongly correlate with coseismic slips in the EAFZ. The stress-driven afterslip model constrained by the phase-gradient time series reproduces distinct decaying patterns of newly activated creeping segments, showing that rapid afterslip may decay slowly and keep slipping for decades. Our results reveal that large earthquakes can accelerate, expand, and trigger shallow fault creep, highlighting the roles of fault frictional properties and stress changes caused by nearby earthquakes. These findings provide new insights into fault creep mechanisms and their linkage to large earthquakes, with implications for faulting behaviors.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL114033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Disagreement in Detected Heatwave Trends Resulting From Diagnostic Methods

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL114398

Boyuan Zhang, Yongli He, Zhanbo Wang, Bo Huang, Yongkun Xie, Xiaodan Guan, Jianping Huang

{"title":"Disagreement in Detected Heatwave Trends Resulting From Diagnostic Methods","authors":"Boyuan Zhang, Yongli He, Zhanbo Wang, Bo Huang, Yongkun Xie, Xiaodan Guan, Jianping Huang","doi":"10.1029/2024GL114398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL114398","url":null,"abstract":"Heatwaves pose increased risk to ecosystem and society. Advanced event-based detection methods offer novel insights into the spatiotemporal dynamics of heatwaves. However, robust assessments of heatwave trends remain challenging due to the sensitivity of results to parameter selection, including connected structure, area threshold, and overlap ratio. Here, we employed 3-dimensional connected detection algorithm (3DCDA) to explore the dependency of heatwave identifications on various parameter combinations. The results indicate that heatwave metrics are sensitive to 3DCDA parameters, with the appropriate combination for large-scale heatwaves being overlap ratio of 40%–50%, area threshold of 106 km2, and 10-connected structure. Based on this configuration, we discovered significant increasing trends in heatwave frequency, projection area and total magnitude, while observed a decrease in maximum intensity and area mean intensity both annually and during summer. These findings highlight the critical importance of parameter selection in 3DCDA for robust analysis of heatwaves and other extreme events.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL114398","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On Solar-Terrestrial Interactions: Correlation Between Intense Geomagnetic Storms and Global Strong Earthquakes

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL108590

Hongyan Chen, Peng Han, Jiancang Zhuang, Katsumi Hattori, Miao Miao, Kaiyan Hu, Tao Tao

{"title":"On Solar-Terrestrial Interactions: Correlation Between Intense Geomagnetic Storms and Global Strong Earthquakes","authors":"Hongyan Chen, Peng Han, Jiancang Zhuang, Katsumi Hattori, Miao Miao, Kaiyan Hu, Tao Tao","doi":"10.1029/2024GL108590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL108590","url":null,"abstract":"Solar-terrestrial interactions are a topic of considerable interest and attention. In this paper, we introduce a new method called shift neighborhood matching correlation (SNMC) to investigate the relationship between geomagnetic storms and earthquakes across various time lags. To assess the significance of the correlations, we employ random sampling series to replace one or both of the time series. Analyzing nearly a century of data, our results reveal an increased likelihood of earthquakes following geomagnetic storms, particularly 27–28 days afterward. Conventional statistical methods confirm the significance of this correlation. However, when earthquakes are replaced with random series, the statistical significance derived from the SNMC method diminishes, highlighting the intrinsic properties of geomagnetic storm phenomena. We discuss two potential physical mechanisms to explain the correlations. While the earthquake probability gains solely based on geomagnetic storms is insufficient for reliable prediction, it may be useful in the integrated multi-geophysical predictive models.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL108590","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Substantial Contraction of Dense Shelf Water in the Ross Sea Under Future Climate Scenarios

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL112581

Chuan Xie, Zhaoru Zhang, Yuanjie Chen, Chuning Wang

引用次数: 0

Observations of Kinetic-Scale Magnetic Hole With Significant Energy Conversion in a Magnetotail Reconnection Diffusion Region

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-09 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL114177

Xiujuan Ou, Zhihong Zhong, Meng Zhou, Wenqing Ma, Liangjin Song, Ye Pang, Rongxin Tang, Xiaohua Deng

{"title":"Observations of Kinetic-Scale Magnetic Hole With Significant Energy Conversion in a Magnetotail Reconnection Diffusion Region","authors":"Xiujuan Ou, Zhihong Zhong, Meng Zhou, Wenqing Ma, Liangjin Song, Ye Pang, Rongxin Tang, Xiaohua Deng","doi":"10.1029/2024GL114177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL114177","url":null,"abstract":"Kinetic-scale magnetic holes (KSMHs) are ubiquitous quasi-steady magnetic structures and vital energy conversion channels in various space plasmas, for example, terrestrial foreshock and magnetopause reconnection region. However, the energy conversion mechanism within KSMHs remains unclear. We identified a KSMH within the magnetotail reconnection diffusion region by Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. Fortuitously, two spacecraft crossed the opposite half of this KSMH while the other two spacecraft didn't detect it, which offers a unique opportunity to reveal the properties inside KSMH. We find that the angle between the KSMH's axial and the out-of-plane direction of reconnection is about 60°. The non-ideal energy conversion provided by this KSMH is comparable in intensity to that within the electron diffusion region. The non-ideal electric field within the KSMH is balanced by the pressure gradient term in the electron momentum equation. These findings advance our understanding of the energy conversion mechanisms inside KSMH in space plasma.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL114177","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dust on Snow Radiative Forcing and Contribution to Melt in the Colorado River Basin

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-09 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL112757

Patrick Naple, S. McKenzie Skiles, Otto I. Lang, Karl Rittger, Sebastien J. P. Lenard, Annie Burgess, Thomas H. Painter

{"title":"Dust on Snow Radiative Forcing and Contribution to Melt in the Colorado River Basin","authors":"Patrick Naple, S. McKenzie Skiles, Otto I. Lang, Karl Rittger, Sebastien J. P. Lenard, Annie Burgess, Thomas H. Painter","doi":"10.1029/2024GL112757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL112757","url":null,"abstract":"In the mountainous headwaters of the Colorado River episodic dust deposition from adjacent arid and disturbed landscapes darkens snow and accelerates snowmelt, impacting basin hydrology. Patterns and impacts across the heterogenous landscape cannot be inferred from current in situ observations. To fill this gap daily remotely sensed retrievals of radiative forcing and contribution to melt were analyzed over the MODIS period of record (2001–2023) to quantify spatiotemporal impacts of snow darkening. Each season radiative forcing magnitudes were lowest in early spring and intensified as snowmelt progressed, with interannual variability in timing and magnitude of peak impact. Over the full record, radiative forcing was elevated in the first decade relative to the last decade. Snowmelt was accelerated in all years and impacts were most intense in the central to southern headwaters. The spatiotemporal patterns motivate further study to understand controls on variability and related perturbations to snow water resources.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL112757","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0