Gait & posture最新文献

{"title":"Gait pattern differences in unilaterally affected children with cerebral palsy and children with acquired brain insult","authors":"Jose Salazar-Torres ,&nbsp;Chris Church ,&nbsp;Freeman Miller ,&nbsp;Nancy Lennon ,&nbsp;Jason J. Howard ,&nbsp;Thomas Shields ,&nbsp;Laura Owens ,&nbsp;Ran Zhang ,&nbsp;M. Wade Shrader","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Children with cerebral palsy (CP) or acquired brain insult (ABI) present with motor disorders affecting movement, muscle tone, and posture. While CP is commonly a consequence of perinatal brain insult (PBI), pediatric ABI can occur between birth and adolescence, with movement patterns that may not be consistent with CP.</div></div><div><h3>Research Question</h3><div>Are gait patterns associated with CP different from those with pediatric ABI?</div></div><div><h3>Materials/Methods</h3><div>Children with unilateral motor impairment and history of ABI at ≥18 months of age were identified from gait lab records and matched with children with CP having a history of PBI at ≤ 1 year old. Matching was by GMFM-D, age at Instrumented Gait Analysis (IGA), and sex. Kinematic and temporospatial data from the earliest IGA were analyzed. The primary outcome measurement was average knee flexion in stance, as children with CP tend to walk with a more flexed knee and individuals with a brain insult as older children, youth and adults tend to walk with a more extended knee. Secondary variables were temporospatial parameters and lower limb kinematics in stance and swing. Wilcoxon or T-Tests were used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-six unilaterally affected children with CP (age: 10.8±3.3 years; f:6/m:20; GMFCS I:14, II:38), and 26 unilateral children with ABI (age:11.1±4.3 years; f:6/m:20) were included in each group. Significantly lower knee flexion angles during stance and swing, and shorter single support duration on the affected side were found in the ABI group as compared to CP (p&lt;0.05). In children with ABI, there was a negative correlation between age of insult and severity of internal hip rotation (p&lt;0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions/Significance</h3><div>Children with ABI tend to walk with less stability on the affected side as reflected by the more extended knee and reduced single support compared with children with CP. The age at which the brain insult occurs has a significant effect on the hip rotational profile in children with ABI. Further studies on muscle activation patterns, kinetic data and response to treatment are warranted to gain insight on how the stage of brain and musculoskeletal system development at the time of injury affect gait patterns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"115 ","pages":"Pages 116-121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-differences in neuromuscular control of hip abductors during isometric submaximal tasks","authors":"Rodrigo Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Talita Molinari ,&nbsp;Francesca Chaida Sonda ,&nbsp;Michele Fernandes Frigotto ,&nbsp;Pablo Gaviraghi ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Rabello","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>One key focus in the literature is the need to better understand how males and females perform neuromuscular control, which requires consideration of muscle morphology, as it may change neural drive during force production. Although previous studies focused on muscles around the knee and ankle, it is crucial to explore the behavior of other muscles, such as the hip abductors, since many lower limb conditions more common in females have been associated with alterations in hip muscles.</div></div><div><h3>Research questions</h3><div>Are electromyography (EMG) variables (amplitude and low- and high frequency bands) of hip abductors during submaximal isometric tasks different between males and females? How is muscle size associated with EMG responses during these tasks?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-six participants (males, n = 18; females, n = 18) had muscle and subcutaneous thickness of gluteus medius (GMed) and tensor fascia latae (TFL) measured. They then performed an estimated one-repetition maximum (1RM) test in a side-lying hip abduction exercise, followed by two 10-s submaximal tasks: (i) side-lying hip abduction with 50 % 1RM and (ii) with 20 % 1RM. GMed and TFL EMG amplitude and frequency bands (low and high frequency components) were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Females had higher GMed EMG amplitude, lower low-frequency, and higher high-frequency components than males in both tasks (p = 0.001–0.040). No differences were observed in TFL EMG variables. Greater GMed thickness was associated with lower amplitudes in the 50 % 1RM task (r = − 0.35; p = 0.03), while greater TFL thickness was associated with lower low-frequency [20 % 1RM: r = − 0.70; p = 0.002; 50 %-1RM: r = − 0.65; p = 0.005] and higher high-frequency components [20 % 1RM: r = 0.74; p = 0.001; 50 %-1RM: r = 0.76; p &lt; 0.001] only in females.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Males and females employ different neuromuscular control strategies, which vary among the synergists for hip abduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"115 ","pages":"Pages 86-93"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional analysis of speed-up mechanism in normal gait among healthy older adults with and without falls – Results from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging","authors":"Seung-uk Ko ,&nbsp;Gerald J. Jerome ,&nbsp;Eleanor M. Simonsick ,&nbsp;Luigi Ferrucci","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Falls in older adults increase the risk of mobility loss. Proper understanding of gait mechanisms related to falls may provide novel solutions for maintaining mobility in older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>Identify fall-related gait patterns through analyzing alterations in gait parameters to walk faster than usual pace in older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A Total of 519 participants (mean age = 73.12 years; 51.05 % female), including non-fallers (n = 396) and fallers (n = 123), aged 60–96 years were assessed in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Participants completed gait assessments at both usual and fast paces. Range of motions (ROM) for the hip, knee, and ankle joint in the sagittal plane and hip abductor ROM during normal and fast pace gait were measured by 3D motion capture system (Vicon 612). For all gait variables, percentage-changes (PC; (((fast-walking_parameter – usual-walking_parameter) /usual-walking_parameter)*100)) was calculated. Associations of PC for gait speed and PC for other gait parameters were compared between fallers and non-fallers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to non-fallers, fallers walked with shorter stride, elongated double support time and shorter knee ROM in the faster pace walk (<em>p</em> = 0.044, <em>p</em> = 0.019, and <em>p</em> = 0.036, respectively). PCs of all gait related variables were significantly associated with PC of gait speed in non-fallers (<em>ps</em> &lt; 0.005), while in the fallers, only PC for stride length, cadence, and hip ROM were associated with PC for gait speed (<em>ps</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Among non-fallers related PC for gait speed was associated with PC across gait parameters suggesting the use of similar biomechanical approaches in usual and fast gait. Compared to non-fallers, fallers demonstrated different mechanisms of transition from usual to fast gait. Evaluating speed-up strategies could provide insight into subtle yet important gait modifications in apparently well-functioning older adults that would help identify individuals at high risk of falling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"115 ","pages":"Pages 82-85"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of a low-load plyometric intervention on running kinematics in youth with cerebral palsy: A randomised controlled trial","authors":"Annie Chappell ,&nbsp;Lilian Chen ,&nbsp;Noula Gibson ,&nbsp;Benjamin Mentiplay ,&nbsp;Gavin Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>For children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) who are independently ambulant (Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) I or II), running is a fundamental movement skill that enables them to play and engage in school and community activities. A running intervention which resulted in good running goal attainment should logically have improved running kinematics, however, this has not yet been established.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>Does a low-load plyometric running intervention improve joint kinematics during running in children with CP?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three-dimensional gait analysis was undertaken before and after a 12-week intervention. The Gait Profile Score (GPS) was calculated, and linear mixed models were developed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>36 children with cerebral palsy (control group: male=10, female=8, GMFCS I=12, GMFCS II=6, mean age=12.7 years; intervention group: male=13, female=5, GMFCS I=12, GMFCS II=6, mean age=12.7 years) were included in this study. No significant between-group differences in GPS were found at follow-up. The GPS increased (i.e. running kinematics became more atypical) as speed increased.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>A low-load plyometric intervention which resulted in significant goal attainment in children with CP had no overall effect on running kinematics as measured by the GPS. Future studies should be powered according to both GMFCS level and distribution (unilateral vs bilateral CP).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"115 ","pages":"Pages 64-68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inertial measurement units worn on the dorsum of the foot and proximal to the ankle can provide valid slip recovery measures","authors":"Michelle A. Morris ,&nbsp;Christopher T. Franck ,&nbsp;Michael L. Madigan","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Slips are a leading cause of injury among older adults. Slip recovery measures are often captured using optoelectronic motion capture (OMC) systems that can be costly and typically require a laboratory setting. Inertial measurement unit (IMU) systems show promise as a lower cost, portable, and wearable form of motion capture.</div></div><div><h3>Question</h3><div>Can IMUs worn on the dorsum of the feet and proximal to the ankles be used to capture valid slip recovery measures?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty older adults (ages 65–80; 18 females) were exposed to a laboratory slip while wearing OMC markers, IMUs on the dorsum of the feet, and IMUs proximal to the ankles. To evaluate the concurrent validity of IMU-based slip recovery measures using the OMC-based measures as our standard, we determined whether the IMU-based slip recovery measures differed between falls and recoveries, and evaluated the strength of correlation between IMU-based measures and OMC. We also defined the difference between foot IMU-based and OMC-based slip recovery measures to be the system offset, and compared the system offset variance between participant-placed IMUs and researcher-placed IMUs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All IMU-based and OMC-based slip recovery measures differed between falls and recoveries (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.008), and all IMU-based measures exhibited strong correlation (<em>r</em> ≥ 0.94) with OMC-based measures. The system offset variance was larger when foot IMUs were participant-placed than when researcher-placed for anterior-posterior slip distance (<em>p</em> = 0.032), but not other slip recovery measures (<em>p</em> ≥ 0.054).</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>IMUs worn on the dorsum of the feet and proximal to the ankle can provide valid slip recovery measures in a laboratory setting. This includes IMUs placed by participants on the dorsum of the feet that might be needed for the long-term monitoring of these measures by participants outside the laboratory setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"115 ","pages":"Pages 59-63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue assessment in distance runners: A scoping review of inertial sensor-based biomechanical outcomes and their relation to fatigue markers and assessment conditions","authors":"Grace McConnochie ,&nbsp;Aaron Fox ,&nbsp;Heather Badger ,&nbsp;Clint Bellenger ,&nbsp;Dominic Thewlis","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background:</h3><div>Fatigue manifests as a decline in performance during high-intensity and prolonged exercise. With technological advancements and the increasing adoption of inertial measurement units (IMUs) in sports biomechanics, there is an opportunity to enhance our understanding of running-related fatigue beyond controlled laboratory environments.</div></div><div><h3>Research question:</h3><div>How have IMUs have been used to assess running biomechanics under fatiguing conditions?</div></div><div><h3>Methods:</h3><div>Following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, our literature search covered six databases without date restrictions until September 2024. The Population, Concept, and Context criteria were used: Population (distance runners ranging from novice to competitive), Concept (fatigue induced by running a distance over 400 m), Context (assessment of fatigue using accelerometer, gyroscope, and/or magnetometer wearable devices). Biomechanical outcomes were extracted and synthesised, and interpreted in the context of three main study characteristics (cohort ability, testing environment, and the inclusion of physiological outcomes) to explore their potential role in influencing outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results:</h3><div>A total of 88 articles were included in the review. There was a high prevalence of treadmill-based studies (n=46, 52%), utilising only 1-2 sensors (n=69, 78%), and cohorts ranged in experience, from sedentary to elite-level runners, and were largely comprised of males (69% of all participants). The majority of biomechanical outcomes assessed showed varying responses to fatigue across studies, likely attributable to individual variability, exercise intensity, and differences in fatigue protocol settings and prescriptions. Spatiotemporal outcomes such as stride time and frequency (n=37, 42 %) and impact accelerations (n=55, 62%) were more widely assessed, with a fatigue response that appeared population and environment specific.</div></div><div><h3>Significance:</h3><div>There was notable heterogeneity in the IMU-based biomechanical outcomes and methods evaluated in this review. The review findings emphasise the need for standardisation of IMU-based outcomes and fatigue protocols to promote interpretable metrics and facilitate inter-study comparisons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"115 ","pages":"Pages 21-33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitivity analysis of an inertial calibration method: Influence of leg position on 3D knee kinematics","authors":"Camille di Falco ,&nbsp;Rachid Aissaoui ,&nbsp;Nicola Hagemeister","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Inertial systems are increasingly used to analyze human motion, especially for gait analyses and in clinical settings. Calibration methods for these systems are designed for ease of implementation, and previous studies have shown that they can provide accurate knee kinematics in the sagittal plane. However, the reason of their lack of accuracy in the other planes (i.e., transverse and frontal) remain unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of one posture of a double-pose calibration method to analyse 3D knee kinematics during gait with two magnetic inertial measurement units (MIMU). This method consists of a standing posture and a posture with the leg stretched forward in the sagittal plane, which together define the sagittal plane. Our hypothesis was that a change in the definition of the sagittal plane during the calibration process was likely to affect the assessment of knee kinematics in the frontal and transverse planes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ten healthy participants wearing the KneeKG system and two MIMU completed the calibration process in five different leg positions (0°, 3°, 5°, 10° or 15° from the sagittal plane) for the second calibration posture. After static calibration, the participants walked on an instrumented treadmill at a speed of 1.1 m/s and 3D knee kinematics were calculated using the five different calibration conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean absolute difference (MAD) between the swing-phase peak value of the curve corresponding to the leg in the sagittal plane (0° shift from this plane) when performing the second calibration posture and each of the other curves was 0.20–0.46° for knee flexion, 1.67–2.90° for adduction, and 0.72–1.46° for external rotation. MAD of the swing-phase peak value in the frontal plane was correlated (R²=0.81) with the angulation of the femur in the sagittal plane during calibration.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>An angular shift from the sagittal plane when performing a double-pose calibration method induces a minimal influence on the knee flexion/extension but larger influences on secondary knee motions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"115 ","pages":"Pages 51-58"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent validity of Protokinetics movement analysis software for estimated centre of mass displacement and velocity during walking","authors":"Julia Greenfield ,&nbsp;Romain Guichard ,&nbsp;Romain Kubiak ,&nbsp;Mathias Blandeau","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The possibilities of out-of-lab gait analysis are ever increasing, with a recent development from Protokinetics movement analysis software (PKMAS) which, among other parameters, proposes an estimation of centre of mass (COMe) displacement. This measure can be useful in both clinical and sports performance environments.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>Does PKMAS provide an accurate estimation of the COM displacement and velocity?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifteen participants completed 10 walking trials over the Zeno™ Walkway while simultaneously being equipped with a full-body marker set for VICON analysis. The antero-posterior and medio-lateral COMe displacement components from PKMAS were compared with the projected 3D COM obtained from marker tracking using Bland-Altman analyses and Lin’s concordance coefficient. COM velocity was also calculated from the estimated displacement data from PKMAS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Results demonstrated a high mean bias in both the anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions for COMe displacement. COMe velocity showed low mean bias but high limits of agreement and low precision. Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient showed good to excellent agreement in the AP direction for velocity and displacement, respectively; poor agreement was seen in the ML direction.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Based on these observations, the COMe proposed by the Protokinetics software does not produce accurate results and is to be used with caution in healthy subjects; it is not recommended for subjects presenting pathological gait.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"115 ","pages":"Pages 34-40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142550104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of gait deviation index (GDI) and gait variability index (GVI) measured by marker-based and markerless motion capture systems in children with cerebral palsy (CP)","authors":"Jutharat Poomulna ,&nbsp;Brian A. Knarr ,&nbsp;Vivek Dutt ,&nbsp;David C. Kingston","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Gait Deviation Index (GDI) is a metric clinicians use to assess overall gait pathology in children with cerebral palsy (CP) by comparing kinematic data to a normative sample. The Gait Variability Index (GVI) is a related metric that quantifies the variability in spatio-temporal variables during gait. The GDI and GVI have been verified using marker-based motion capture approaches, but video-based markerless motion capture has not been compared using these tools in children with CP.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>Do GDI and GVI scores differ when measured using markerlessTheia3D and a marker-based approach between the more and less affected legs in children with CP?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifteen children with CP (GMFCS levels I-IV) and 24 typically developing children aged 6–18 years were recruited for this study. Overground walking was performed at a self-selected pace while the pelvis and lower limb kinematics were simultaneously recorded using both motion capture systems. Differences in GDI and GVI scores when considering the effect of system and limb impairment were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures ANOVAs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>GDI scores were 6.9 points lower (p &lt; 0.05) when measured using Theia3D compared to the marker-based approach and 6.8 points lower (p &lt; 0.05) in the more affected limbs than in the less affected limbs. These GDI score differences are considered clinically significant. No differences were identified in GVI scores between systems or limb impairment. Differences in kinematic measurements were found in children with CP, including pelvic tilt, hip flexion/extension, hip rotation, and foot progression angle, where root mean square differences between systems exceeded 10°.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Theia3D can adequately measure variability in spatio-temporal gait parameters for quantifying GVI scores in children with CP compared to the marker-based approach. However, caution is needed when quantifying lower limb kinematics and interpreting GDI and GVI scores using Theia3D in children with CP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"115 ","pages":"Pages 7-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concern about falling is related to threat-induced changes in emotions and postural control in older adults","authors":"Hideyuki Tashiro ,&nbsp;Sota Hirosaki ,&nbsp;Yui Sato ,&nbsp;Hikaru Ihira ,&nbsp;Megumi Toki ,&nbsp;Naoki Kozuka","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.10.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Concern about falling is reportedly related to mobility and balance in older adults. While increased concern about falling may be directly related to balance deficits, establishing a causal relationship remains limited. This study aimed to investigate whether concern about falling affects threat-induced changes in emotions and postural control in older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>How does concern about falling affect threat-induced changes in emotions and postural control among older adults?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sixty-two older adults (age; 78.8 ± 5.7 years, height; 152.7 ± 6.3 cm) were exposed to height-related fear while standing, leaning forward, and leaning backward on the floor and a higher surface. The mean position, root mean square, and mean velocity of the center of pressure (COP) displacement were measured during the standing task, as well as the forward and backward limits of stability (LOS) tasks. The degree of self-reported fear of falling (FoF) was also obtained during the standing and LOS tasks. The participants were categorized into lower and higher concerns about falling based on the short form of the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FESI).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Lower and higher concern about falling groups scored 10.2 ± 2.2 and 17.3 ± 3.3 in the short FESI. Both groups experienced increased FoF during the standing and forward LOS tasks on a higher surface. Leaning away from the edge of the surface resulted in increased COP velocity, decreased COP amplitude while standing, and decreased forward LOS. Participants with higher concern about falling had increased FoF during the backward LOS task and decreased backward LOS on a higher surface, while those with lower concern about falling did not.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Concern about falling can directly affect emotions and balance control owing to the occurrence of threat-related changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"115 ","pages":"Pages 1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}