Gait & posture最新文献

{"title":"The effects of Hyperkyphosis on Balance and Fall Risk in older adults: A Systematic Review","authors":"Zeinab Gasavi Nezhad ,&nbsp;Steven A. Gard ,&nbsp;Mokhtar Arazpour","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Hyperkyphosis, a common spinal curvature in older adults, is linked to impaired balance and increased fall risk. Despite affecting up to 40 % of those over 60, its impact on fall risk is unclear due to inconsistent research. This systematic review aims to clarify the relationship between hyperkyphosis and balance in older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This systematic review followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and was registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42024590745). Studies published up to September 2024 were included if they involved older adults (≥60 years) with hyperkyphosis and examined the relationship between hyperkyphosis and balance or fall risk. Observational studies with cross-sectional, cohort, or case-control designs were considered. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library was conducted using a combination of relevant MeSH terms and keywords. Two reviewers independently screened studies for eligibility, extracted data, and assessed quality using the STROBE checklist, resolving discrepancies through discussion.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This systematic review included 19 studies on the impact of hyperkyphosis on balance and fall risk in adults aged 60 and above. Quality assessment revealed varied methodological rigor. Hyperkyphosis was measured using diverse methods like Cobb angle and flexicurve ruler. Findings showed significant impairments in static and dynamic balance, assessed through tests such as the Timed Up and Go (TUG) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Fall rates ranged from 24 % to,64 %, with many resulting in injuries.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This review highlights hyperkyphosis significantly impairs balance and increases fall risk in older adults. Hyperkyphosis is linked to reduced postural stability and a higher incidence of falls, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to improve balance and reduce fall risk in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>Hyperkyphosis impairs balance and raises fall risk in older adults, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to enhance stability and prevent falls. Early identification and management of hyperkyphosis can improve mobility and quality of life in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 154-167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of reduced optic flow in dynamic balance","authors":"Nora Pourhashemi ,&nbsp;Taylor W. Cleworth","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>When optic flow-related visual feedback is reduced to zero (no scene motion with head motion), the amplitude of postural sway increases. However, there is limited work examining the amount of optic flow required to maintain stable (or baseline) amplitudes of postural sway, especially during dynamic stance tasks where there is an increased reliance on visual cues.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The objective of the present study was to examine optic flow during dynamic stance and determine the amount of optic flow required before postural sway deviates from conditions with a gain of 1.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-six healthy adults stood on a force plate (used to calculate Centre of Pressure; COP) mounted to a motorized platform that pseudo-randomly translated continuously in the anteroposterior direction ( ± 5 cm, 0–1 Hz) for 60-s. Participants wore a virtual reality head-mounted display, used to show a virtual environment and assess head position (HeadPos). Optic flow-related visual feedback was reduced relative to head motion (0–1 in 0.25x increments). Amplitude and mean power (MP for four bands: LOW, 0–0.1 Hz; MED, 0.1–0.5 Hz; MED-HIGH, 0.5–1 Hz; HIGH, 1–5 Hz) of COP and HeadPos was used to quantify movement.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>COP and HeadPos amplitude, and MED-MP increased when optic flow gain was less than 0.5x.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Therefore, half the amount of optic flow-related visual feedback is enough to sustain levels of postural sway observed in real-world conditions (gain of 1). Visual contributions to dynamic balance control likely extend beyond previously theorized frequencies (&lt;0.1 Hz in quiet stance), signifying the importance of vision during complex postural tasks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 148-153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticipatory muscle activations to coordinate balance and movement during motor transitions: A narrative review","authors":"Romain Bechet ,&nbsp;Romain Tisserand ,&nbsp;Laetitia Fradet ,&nbsp;Floren Colloud","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Maintaining balance while moving is vital for day-to-day activities. A key challenge in the comprehension of human movement is to determine how muscles contribute to balance-movement coordination. Motor transitions, defined as movements executed between two steady balance states, are particularly interesting phases to study balance-movement coordination because a large, discrete change in whole-body momentum may disturb balance. During voluntarily-initiated motor transitions, anticipatory muscle patterns provide the biomechanical conditions that are favourable to both maintaining balance and executing the movement.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>What are the mechanical consequences of anticipatory muscle activations for balance-movement coordination during voluntarily-initiated motor transitions?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We review the biomechanical contributions of the anticipatory muscle activations identified in the literature during four types of voluntarily-initiated motor transitions, through the prism of three balance mechanisms (‘moving the centre of pressure (CoP)’, ‘counter-rotating segments’, and ‘applying new external force(s)’). In particular, we investigate how anticipatory muscle activations modulate whole-body centre of mass acceleration.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We show that the mechanical consequences of anticipatory muscle activations have been extensively described, but mainly using the ‘moving the CoP’ mechanism. Unlike their role during steady balance states, both ‘moving the CoP’ and ‘applying new external force(s)’ mechanisms create a required mechanical instability during the anticipatory phase of motor transitions. The ‘counter-rotating’ mechanism may act as a stabiliser during motor transitions, but additional research is needed to clarify this assumption.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>This review establishes that muscle activation processes have different mechanical consequences for balance-movement coordination during the anticipatory phases of motor transitions, compared to steady balance states. Because the mechanical instability that is created can lead to falls, a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying motor transitions is needed to enable the design of more effective fall prevention programs and/or devices for population with balance deficits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 130-140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of gait domains in middle-aged and older adults under single- and dual-task conditions","authors":"Pei-Fang Tang ,&nbsp;Emily Wilford ,&nbsp;Chien-Kuang Tu ,&nbsp;Yen-Tzu Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dual-task gaits are linked to falls in older individuals, but their underlying structure is unknown compared to single-task gaits. We employed principal component analysis (PCA) to discover independent domains underlying single- and dual-task gaits in cognitively healthy community-dwelling people over 45.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>One hundred eighty-nine independent individuals (aged 45–80) completed health surveys, physical and cognitive tests, and walking evaluations under single-task, motor dual-task, and cognitive dual-task conditions. We applied PCA to 17 spatiotemporal gait parameters to identify independent domains for each gait. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine demographic, physical, and cognitive characteristics associated with domain scores.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results revealed six independent domains consistent across all three gait types: rhythm, variability, phase, pace, base of support (BOS), and asymmetry. These domains accounted for 77.2–83.8 % of the overall gait variance. Rhythm, variability, and phase were the top three domains for all three gait types. Pace was the fourth domain for single- and motor dual-task gaits, while asymmetry held this position for the cognitive dual-task gait. In all three gaits, male sex and heavier weight were associated with greater BOS scores. Taller height and shorter five-times-sit-to-stand test (5XSST) time were associated with greater pace scores, while heavier weight was additionally linked to greater phase scores (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Notably, greater variability domain scores in the cognitive dual-task gait were uniquely associated with poorer executive function, balance, and shorter 5XSST time (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>PCA results revealed consistent gait domains across single-, dual-, and cognitive dual-task conditions in older adults. These findings support the feasibility of using standardized, streamlined assessments focusing on these core domains in geriatric gait assessments. Findings of the unique cognitive dual-task gait characteristics highlight the importance of assessing gait variability and asymmetry of this gait for fall risk screening and prevention interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 115-121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gait cycle and pressure load values of the foot on different surfaces with Moticon Insole2 in a healthy cohort","authors":"Julian Thelen,&nbsp;Benedikt Johannes Braun,&nbsp;Achim Weber,&nbsp;Tobias Hoffmann,&nbsp;Niklas Braun,&nbsp;Tina Histing,&nbsp;Daniel Schüll,&nbsp;Cornelius Sebastian Fischer","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.01.082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.01.082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pedobarography is a common way to supervise the postoperative treatment following orthopedic and orthopedic trauma surgery. However, there are currently no established reference values and few information on associated factors. The aim of this study was to provide a frame of reference for repeat pedobarographic measurements with the Moticon System on different but standardized surfaces for a healthy population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Pedobarography was performed on 76 participants using pressure-sensitive insoles. All participants had no pathologies of the feet. A standardized parcours on flat ground, stairs, inclined plane and uneven ground was performed, wearing mostly everyday footwear. Differences in pedobarography were determined for age (&lt; 40 years/≥40 years), gender and BMI (≤ 24.9/&gt;24.9 kg/m²).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over the whole parcours, the mean total pressure was 22 ± 5 kPA with a maximum pressure of 97 ± 12 kPa. The mean step duration was 0.59 ± 0.1 s with a stance duration time of 0.73 ± 0.07 s, swing duration time of 0.46 ± 0.05 s and a resulting mean gait cycle time of 1.17 ± 0.08 s. A reference range of 13.8–36.6 kPa was assessed for the mean forefoot pressure, respectively 7.6–28.4 kPa (hindfoot), 10.1–28.7 kPa (medial column) 13.3–38.3 kPa (lateral column). Except for the mean forefoot pressure (p = 0.072), significantly higher mean and maximum pressures (p &lt; 0.001–0.045) were found for women. Furthermore, significantly longer step duration (p = 0.005), swing duration time (p = 0.013), mean duration of the gait cycle (p = 0.016) and gait line (p = 0.001) were found for men. There were no significant differences for the gait parameters between age - and BMI subgroups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this pressure load analysis, an association of pedobarographic results with gender has been demonstrated. Gender-adjusted reference values are proposed to enable reliable interpretation of pedobarographic data to guide treatment after orthopedic and trauma surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 92-99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143229593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The associations of body composition, fitness, and physical activity with balance in children: The Arkansas Active Kids Study","authors":"Florêncio Diniz-Sousa ,&nbsp;Timothy Edwards ,&nbsp;Eva C. Diaz ,&nbsp;Judith L. Weber ,&nbsp;Elisabet Børsheim","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.01.081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.01.081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Balance plays an important role in children's motor development. However, the factors that are associated with balance in children are not yet fully understood.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>We aimed to investigate the association of body composition, physical fitness, and daily physical activity on balance in children.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The sample was composed of 219 children (53% females), aged 9.0 (IQR = 2.2) years with a body mass index (BMI)-percentile of 74.9 (IQR = 48.7). Balance was evaluated through a force platform in the upright bipedal stance under different sensory conditions. Anthropometry, body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), knee maximal strength (isokinetic dynamometer), aerobic capacity (indirect calorimetry), and daily physical activity (accelerometry and questionnaires) were also assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher levels of body mass, waist circumference, and fat mass were associated with worse balance, whereas greater knee extension strength and peak oxygen uptake were linked to enhanced balance. Among those, fat mass percentage and waist circumference were the most important factors associated with balance performance. Moreover, it was observed that the associations between the identified anthropometric and body composition measures with balance could be counteracted by physical fitness and physical activity levels.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Our findings revealed that anthropometric measures, body composition, and physical fitness levels are associated with children's balance. Furthermore, physical fitness and physical activity may be especially relevant, as they could help mitigate the detrimental effect of excess fat mass on postural control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The investigation of nonlinear variability underlying postural control in the injure-limb in individuals with and without chronic ankle instability","authors":"Yuki A. Sugimoto ,&nbsp;Patrick O. McKeon ,&nbsp;Christopher K. Rhea ,&nbsp;Carl G. Mattacola ,&nbsp;Scott E. Ross","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.01.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.01.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Less flexible and adaptable sensorimotor systems associated with Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI) limit the detection of relevant sensory feedback information, resulting in decreased movement variability. Consequently, when faced with challenging environmental constraints, particularly with conditions that manipulate sensory feedback, individuals with CAI may become more prone to repetitive ankle sprains. This study aimed to investigate the neural control underlying postural control in the injured-limb during increased environmental constraints with sensory feedback manipulations in individuals with and without CAI, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty-two individuals with and without CAI participated in the study and completed the sensory organization test (SOT). The SOT assesses the ability to integrate primary sensory feedback across six conditions that manipulate somatosensory and visual feedback with a combination of a sway-referenced support surface and visual surroundings. The nonlinear method of sample entropy (SampEN) was used to quantify the neural control underlying postural control. A one-way ANOVA examined group differences in neural control during the SOT conditions while standing on the injured-limb.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Individuals with CAI demonstrated significantly lower SampEN while maintaining posture in conditions where they were forced to rely exclusively on vestibular feedback in the injured-limb compared to healthy controls (P &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Individuals with CAI did not demonstrate decreased movement variability (neural control) in most of the six SOT conditions. However, the CAI group exhibited decreased movement variability, specifically when they had to rely on vestibular feedback while maintaining posture in the injured-limb compared to healthy controls. Future studies should investigate how manipulation of vestibular feedback affects movement variability with gait in individuals with CAI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 69-74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orthotic bracing to treat equinus in children with spastic cerebral palsy: Recorded compliance and impact of wearing time","authors":"Claudia Oestreich ,&nbsp;Harald Böhm ,&nbsp;Matthias Hösl ,&nbsp;Leonhard Döderlein ,&nbsp;Daniela Lewens ,&nbsp;Chakravarthy U. Dussa ,&nbsp;Renate Oberhoffer-Fritz","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.01.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.01.034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>Spastic cerebral palsy (SCP) often results in \"pes equinus,\" managed with ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs). Yet, little is known about actual wearing time and the minimum duration for improvement. This study explores orthotic compliance, examining its impact on clinical and gait parameters. The hypothesis anticipates a compliance rate below 50 %, suggesting AFOs worn for over 6 hours enhance ankle dorsiflexion.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>In a clinically prospective study, SCP children (ages 5 – 15 years) with equinus underwent gait analysis at recruitment and three months later. Wearing time, measured by sensors, categorised participants into compliant (≥6 hours) and non-compliant (&lt;6 hours) groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data were obtained for 32 participants (21 males, 11 females; mean age 10 years 7 months [SD 3 years]). Among 32 participants, 47 % wore AFOs over 6 hours, showing significant ankle dorsiflexion improvement. Thigh shell wearing time was shorter; only two exceeded 6 hours during the day.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Confirming our hypothesis, compliance was &lt; 50 %, yet AFOs over 6 hours improved ankle dorsiflexion. The study revealed minimal AFO daytime use and thigh shell acceptance. Wearing time significantly impacted equinus deformity, underscoring the need to identify factors influencing compliance for effective measures to extend usage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 75-84"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative gait pattern as predictor of gait changes following selective dorsal rhizotomy","authors":"Liza M.M. van Dijk ,&nbsp;Kirsten Veerkamp ,&nbsp;Marjolein M. van der Krogt ,&nbsp;K. Mariam Slot ,&nbsp;Annemieke I. Buizer","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.01.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.01.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) can improve gait in children with spastic paresis. However, outcomes vary, and selecting individuals who will benefit from the procedure remains challenging. How pre-SDR gait pattern predicts post-SDR gait has not previously been investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>This study aims to compare how different gait patterns change after SDR to gain insight into the potential relevance of gait patterns as a selection criterion for SDR.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Kinematic and kinetic data of nineteen children with bilateral spastic paresis due to cerebral palsy or hereditary spastic paraplegia, with 3D gait analysis before and two years after SDR, were extracted from an in-hospital database. A cluster analysis was performed to distinguish different gait patterns based on sagittal hip, knee and ankle angles pre-SDR. Deviations from typical gait per leg (38 legs) pre- and post-SDR were quantified with the Gait Profile Score (GPS), calculated for joint angles, moments, and powers. GPS was compared pre- and post-SDR per gait pattern, and pre-post differences were compared between gait patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three distinct pre-SDR gait patterns (GPs) were identified using cluster analysis, with GP1 characterized by increased knee flexion (18 legs), GP2 by increased ankle plantarflexion (14 legs), and GP3 by increased knee flexion and increased ankle plantarflexion (6 legs). GPS-kinematics improved significantly for GP1 (-3.1°) and GP3 (-6.6°), but showed no significant change for GP2. GPS-kinematics improved significantly more in GP3 than in GP2. GPS-moments improved equally in all groups (-0.04Nm/kg--0.07Nm/kg). GPS-powers improved significantly more for GP1 and GP2 (0.07W/kg and 0.24W/kg, respectively) than for GP3 where no change occurred.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>The results suggest that different pre-SDR gait patterns have distinct outcomes post-SDR in children with spastic paresis. Therefore gait patterns could guide selection and expectation management for SDR. Future studies should confirm these results in a larger cohort.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"117 ","pages":"Pages 363-371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High risk of falling in elderly with hallux valgus evaluated by muscle and kinematic synergistic analysis","authors":"Yanyan Liu ,&nbsp;Jun Chen ,&nbsp;Ruiping Liu ,&nbsp;Chunyan Chen ,&nbsp;Xinzhu Wan ,&nbsp;Wanqi Yu ,&nbsp;Hua Lu ,&nbsp;Jun Ouyang ,&nbsp;Gang Liu ,&nbsp;Lei Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.01.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.01.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Musculoskeletal disorders often present with abnormalities in neuromuscular control. Hallux valgus (HV) is considered a risk factor for falls in the elderly, and it is one of the foot conditions most associated with falls. The onset of falls is associated with neuromuscular modulation of the lower extremity. However, there is a lack of clarity regarding the muscle and kinematic synergy patterns i.e., neuromuscular control in elderly HV.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>How the changes in neuromuscular control in elderly HV based on muscle and kinematic synergies analysis?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study included three groups: young controls (YC), elderly controls (EC), and elderly hallux valgus (HVE). All participants were assessed for gait at their natural walking speed. Data were analyzed using non-negative matrix factorization (NNMF) for electromyography (EMG) and joint motion to compare muscle and kinematic synergies across the groups. The center of plantar pressure (COP) was used to evaluate self-balancing ability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The EC group demonstrated the additional activation of calf muscle groups accompanied by decreased ankle motion and increased hip abduction. Compared to the EC group, the HVE group required more thigh flexor muscle groups to compensate for the lack of function of the ankle movements during gait and showed decreased hip abduction but increased knee flexion. During gait, the COP were significantly large than YC and EC groups (P &lt; 0.05) in the HVE group.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Our finding indicate that the elderly individuals with hallux valgus exhibit under-activated calf muscles around foot joints, and despite compensations from thigh muscles, they maintain an imbalance and increased risk of falls. This study will help to evaluate HVE control strategies and provide personalized treatment based on these vulnerabilities to reduce the risk of HVE falls.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 33-38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}