Gait & posture最新文献

{"title":"Validation of an algorithm for detecting turning in people with cognitive impairment, considering dementia disease subtype","authors":"Ríona Mc Ardle ,&nbsp;Leigh J. Ryan ,&nbsp;Rana Zia Ur Rehman ,&nbsp;Emily Dignan ,&nbsp;Abbie Thompson ,&nbsp;Silvia Del Din ,&nbsp;Brook Galna ,&nbsp;Alan J Thomas ,&nbsp;Lynn Rochester ,&nbsp;Lisa Alcock","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Turning manoeuvres are an essential component of mobility and are vital for effective real-world navigation. Turning is more challenging than straight-line walking, involving complex cognitive functions to execute multi-segment co-ordination. Therefore, people with cognitive impairment (PwCI) may be more susceptible to impaired turning performance. Inertial measurement units (IMUs) can be used to quantify turning performance; however, IMU-based algorithms have not yet been validated for PwCI, or across dementia disease subtypes.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>Is a custom-built algorithm for accurately detecting turn start and end valid for use in PwCI and in different dementia disease subtypes?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sixty-six PwCI due to Alzheimer’s disease, Lewy body disease and vascular dementia, along with 23 cognitively healthy older adults (controls) were included. Participants wore an IMU on their lower back while completing six 10-m intermittent walks, segmented by 180° turns. A 2D colour video camera was used as the reference system. Videos were reviewed by two independent blinded raters annotating turn start and end. Agreement (intra-class correlation (ICC (2,1)), Spearman’s rho and Limits of agreement) and error (Root mean square error; RMSE and bias) between the raters (rater 1 vs. 2) and the algorithm (rater vs. algorithm) were evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was excellent agreement (rater-rater and rater-algorithm) for detecting turn start and end for PwCI and across dementia disease subtypes (rho = 1.00, ICC = 1.00). The error between raters was lower (RMSE &lt; 0.72 s, bias &lt; 0.41 s) than the error between raters and algorithm (RMSE &lt; 1.29 s, bias &lt; 1.4 s). Error was lowest for controls (RMSE &lt; 0.94 s), followed by AD (RMSE &lt; 1.21 s) and LBD (RMSE &lt; 1.29 s).</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Key findings suggest that this algorithm can detect turn start and end using an IMU in PwCI in agreement with a reference system (video ratings). Future research should consider the clinical application of turning assessment in PwCI, such as its ability to differentiate dementia disease subtypes to support accurate diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 141-147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fully instrumented gait analysis in rare bone diseases – A scoping review of the literature","authors":"Joachim Horn ,&nbsp;Alberto Leardini ,&nbsp;Maria Grazia Benedetti ,&nbsp;Toril Marie Hestnes ,&nbsp;Gabriel Mindler ,&nbsp;Lena Lande Wekre ,&nbsp;Luca Sangiorgi ,&nbsp;Inês Alves ,&nbsp;Giovanni Trisolino","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Fully-instrumented gait analysis (FGA) enables objective and scientific characterization of human motion parameters. It is unclear to what extent FGA is used in the care of patients with rare bone diseases (RBDs). Our purpose was to provide a scoping review to describe and categorize the spectrum of existing literature about FGA in patients with RBD, to report the key findings and the impact on the clinical management. Additionally, we aimed to explore the feasibility of establishing a minimum common standard for evaluating the quality of motion analysis studies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Within the activities of ERN BOND (European Reference Network for Rare Bone Diseases), a systematic literature search was performed in the following databases: Ovid Medline, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CENTRAL Register of controlled trials, Embase, Global Health and Epistemonikos. Abstracts and full-text articles were screened by two independent reviewers. The PRISMA ScR protocol was followed, and quality assessment of all studies was done based on the 27-item Downs and Black Scale.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The abstracts of 1053 studies were screened, and 64 full-text studies were assessed for eligibility and 24 studies could be included. We found reduced walking speed and step lengths being one of the most common features. Furthermore, characteristic patterns for several of the RBDs, as reduced ankle push-off power, increased lateral trunk lean and increased flexion pattern in the sagittal plane, are all contributing to an increased energy expenditure during gait. Several studies found a mismatch between static radiological findings and dynamic gait parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Existing research indicates that FGA should be considered an important tool to better understand gait alterations and the effect of lower limb deformities on gait in these patients. Together with radiologic assessment FGA data might be used for clinical decision making and as outcome parameters in future observational and interventional studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 168-177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of mild leg length discrepancy on pelvic alignment and gait compensation in children","authors":"Harald Böhm ,&nbsp;Chakravarthy Ugandhar Dussa","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Leg length discrepancy (LLD) is common in children and often leads to pelvic lateral tilt as a primary gait deviation. While children rarely report low back pain, prolonged LLD can induce lasting changes in lumbar spine biomechanics, potentially resulting in future back issues. To mitigate the effects of LLD, children often employ various compensatory mechanisms. However, the degree of LLD that significantly impacts gait remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Research Question</h3><div>This study aims to identify gait deviations in children and adolescents with mild LLD and examine the relationship between LLD severity and lower limb compensatory strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty-one children and adolescents (mean age 12.6 years, SD = 2.5) with mild LLD ranging from 0.0 to 3.0 cm were enrolled. Exclusion criteria included neurological involvement, scoliosis, syndromes, and lower extremity joint contractures. Pelvic motion and gait compensations were evaluated across three groups: LLD 0–1 cm, LLD 1–2 cm, LLD 2–3 cm Correlations between gait parameters and LLD were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Pelvic lateral tilt showed significant correlations with LLD severity. Kinematic analyses revealed significant joint adaptations on the long leg side, leading to functional shortening, particularly in the 2–3 cm group, which displayed multiple and clear compensations. Notably, only ankle dorsiflexion on the long side significantly correlated with LLD.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>In cases of mild LLD, pelvic adaptations include lateral tilt, counterbalanced by lowering the longer leg. In absence of ankle contractures, individuals tend to avoid lengthening the shorter leg through toe walking, as it requires greater muscular effort. These adaptive strategies correlate with LLD severity, suggesting that even mild discrepancies may contribute to overuse injuries affecting the spine and longer limb. This study highlights the importance of recognizing and addressing mild LLD in relation to symptoms associated with pelvic tilt and ankle issues on the long leg.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 122-129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of external ankle braces on kinematics and kinetics of the lower limb during the cutting maneuver in healthy females","authors":"Mengjun Liu ,&nbsp;Chengpang Hsiao ,&nbsp;Wenxing Zhou ,&nbsp;Yujie Qi ,&nbsp;Zhangqi Lai ,&nbsp;Lin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To explore if lace-up ankle brace and hinged ankle brace affect the kinematics and kinetics of the lower limbs during a cutting maneuver.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty healthy females performed a 45° cutting maneuver with different ankle braces. Ground reaction force, lower-limb joint angles and moments were compared among different ankle braces.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Wearing hinged ankle brace significantly increased maximal knee valgus angle than lace-up and no brace conditions (0.7° [p = 0.011] and 0.6° [p = 0.029], respectively). Wearing hinged and lace-up ankle braces significantly increased maximal knee internal rotation angle (1.58° [p ≤ 0.001] and 1.30° [p = 0.020], respectively) and decreased maximal ankle inversion angle (3.04° [p ≤ 0.001] and 1.76° [p = 0.013], respectively). A considerable difference in kinetics was observed only in the maximal ankle eversion moment, which was higher in the hinged condition than the lace-up (p = 0.010) or no brace (p = 0.023) condition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Wearing an hinged or lace-up ankle brace may reduce the risk of ankle sprain in females during cutting maneuvers. Ankle brace appears to have upstream effects on the knee, which may have injury implication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 178-186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143444988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of Hyperkyphosis on Balance and Fall Risk in older adults: A Systematic Review","authors":"Zeinab Gasavi Nezhad ,&nbsp;Steven A. Gard ,&nbsp;Mokhtar Arazpour","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Hyperkyphosis, a common spinal curvature in older adults, is linked to impaired balance and increased fall risk. Despite affecting up to 40 % of those over 60, its impact on fall risk is unclear due to inconsistent research. This systematic review aims to clarify the relationship between hyperkyphosis and balance in older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This systematic review followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and was registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42024590745). Studies published up to September 2024 were included if they involved older adults (≥60 years) with hyperkyphosis and examined the relationship between hyperkyphosis and balance or fall risk. Observational studies with cross-sectional, cohort, or case-control designs were considered. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library was conducted using a combination of relevant MeSH terms and keywords. Two reviewers independently screened studies for eligibility, extracted data, and assessed quality using the STROBE checklist, resolving discrepancies through discussion.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This systematic review included 19 studies on the impact of hyperkyphosis on balance and fall risk in adults aged 60 and above. Quality assessment revealed varied methodological rigor. Hyperkyphosis was measured using diverse methods like Cobb angle and flexicurve ruler. Findings showed significant impairments in static and dynamic balance, assessed through tests such as the Timed Up and Go (TUG) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Fall rates ranged from 24 % to,64 %, with many resulting in injuries.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This review highlights hyperkyphosis significantly impairs balance and increases fall risk in older adults. Hyperkyphosis is linked to reduced postural stability and a higher incidence of falls, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to improve balance and reduce fall risk in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>Hyperkyphosis impairs balance and raises fall risk in older adults, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to enhance stability and prevent falls. Early identification and management of hyperkyphosis can improve mobility and quality of life in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 154-167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of reduced optic flow in dynamic balance","authors":"Nora Pourhashemi ,&nbsp;Taylor W. Cleworth","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>When optic flow-related visual feedback is reduced to zero (no scene motion with head motion), the amplitude of postural sway increases. However, there is limited work examining the amount of optic flow required to maintain stable (or baseline) amplitudes of postural sway, especially during dynamic stance tasks where there is an increased reliance on visual cues.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The objective of the present study was to examine optic flow during dynamic stance and determine the amount of optic flow required before postural sway deviates from conditions with a gain of 1.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-six healthy adults stood on a force plate (used to calculate Centre of Pressure; COP) mounted to a motorized platform that pseudo-randomly translated continuously in the anteroposterior direction ( ± 5 cm, 0–1 Hz) for 60-s. Participants wore a virtual reality head-mounted display, used to show a virtual environment and assess head position (HeadPos). Optic flow-related visual feedback was reduced relative to head motion (0–1 in 0.25x increments). Amplitude and mean power (MP for four bands: LOW, 0–0.1 Hz; MED, 0.1–0.5 Hz; MED-HIGH, 0.5–1 Hz; HIGH, 1–5 Hz) of COP and HeadPos was used to quantify movement.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>COP and HeadPos amplitude, and MED-MP increased when optic flow gain was less than 0.5x.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Therefore, half the amount of optic flow-related visual feedback is enough to sustain levels of postural sway observed in real-world conditions (gain of 1). Visual contributions to dynamic balance control likely extend beyond previously theorized frequencies (&lt;0.1 Hz in quiet stance), signifying the importance of vision during complex postural tasks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 148-153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticipatory muscle activations to coordinate balance and movement during motor transitions: A narrative review","authors":"Romain Bechet ,&nbsp;Romain Tisserand ,&nbsp;Laetitia Fradet ,&nbsp;Floren Colloud","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Maintaining balance while moving is vital for day-to-day activities. A key challenge in the comprehension of human movement is to determine how muscles contribute to balance-movement coordination. Motor transitions, defined as movements executed between two steady balance states, are particularly interesting phases to study balance-movement coordination because a large, discrete change in whole-body momentum may disturb balance. During voluntarily-initiated motor transitions, anticipatory muscle patterns provide the biomechanical conditions that are favourable to both maintaining balance and executing the movement.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>What are the mechanical consequences of anticipatory muscle activations for balance-movement coordination during voluntarily-initiated motor transitions?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We review the biomechanical contributions of the anticipatory muscle activations identified in the literature during four types of voluntarily-initiated motor transitions, through the prism of three balance mechanisms (‘moving the centre of pressure (CoP)’, ‘counter-rotating segments’, and ‘applying new external force(s)’). In particular, we investigate how anticipatory muscle activations modulate whole-body centre of mass acceleration.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We show that the mechanical consequences of anticipatory muscle activations have been extensively described, but mainly using the ‘moving the CoP’ mechanism. Unlike their role during steady balance states, both ‘moving the CoP’ and ‘applying new external force(s)’ mechanisms create a required mechanical instability during the anticipatory phase of motor transitions. The ‘counter-rotating’ mechanism may act as a stabiliser during motor transitions, but additional research is needed to clarify this assumption.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>This review establishes that muscle activation processes have different mechanical consequences for balance-movement coordination during the anticipatory phases of motor transitions, compared to steady balance states. Because the mechanical instability that is created can lead to falls, a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying motor transitions is needed to enable the design of more effective fall prevention programs and/or devices for population with balance deficits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 130-140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of gait domains in middle-aged and older adults under single- and dual-task conditions","authors":"Pei-Fang Tang ,&nbsp;Emily Wilford ,&nbsp;Chien-Kuang Tu ,&nbsp;Yen-Tzu Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dual-task gaits are linked to falls in older individuals, but their underlying structure is unknown compared to single-task gaits. We employed principal component analysis (PCA) to discover independent domains underlying single- and dual-task gaits in cognitively healthy community-dwelling people over 45.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>One hundred eighty-nine independent individuals (aged 45–80) completed health surveys, physical and cognitive tests, and walking evaluations under single-task, motor dual-task, and cognitive dual-task conditions. We applied PCA to 17 spatiotemporal gait parameters to identify independent domains for each gait. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine demographic, physical, and cognitive characteristics associated with domain scores.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results revealed six independent domains consistent across all three gait types: rhythm, variability, phase, pace, base of support (BOS), and asymmetry. These domains accounted for 77.2–83.8 % of the overall gait variance. Rhythm, variability, and phase were the top three domains for all three gait types. Pace was the fourth domain for single- and motor dual-task gaits, while asymmetry held this position for the cognitive dual-task gait. In all three gaits, male sex and heavier weight were associated with greater BOS scores. Taller height and shorter five-times-sit-to-stand test (5XSST) time were associated with greater pace scores, while heavier weight was additionally linked to greater phase scores (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Notably, greater variability domain scores in the cognitive dual-task gait were uniquely associated with poorer executive function, balance, and shorter 5XSST time (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>PCA results revealed consistent gait domains across single-, dual-, and cognitive dual-task conditions in older adults. These findings support the feasibility of using standardized, streamlined assessments focusing on these core domains in geriatric gait assessments. Findings of the unique cognitive dual-task gait characteristics highlight the importance of assessing gait variability and asymmetry of this gait for fall risk screening and prevention interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 115-121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gait cycle and pressure load values of the foot on different surfaces with Moticon Insole2 in a healthy cohort","authors":"Julian Thelen,&nbsp;Benedikt Johannes Braun,&nbsp;Achim Weber,&nbsp;Tobias Hoffmann,&nbsp;Niklas Braun,&nbsp;Tina Histing,&nbsp;Daniel Schüll,&nbsp;Cornelius Sebastian Fischer","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.01.082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.01.082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pedobarography is a common way to supervise the postoperative treatment following orthopedic and orthopedic trauma surgery. However, there are currently no established reference values and few information on associated factors. The aim of this study was to provide a frame of reference for repeat pedobarographic measurements with the Moticon System on different but standardized surfaces for a healthy population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Pedobarography was performed on 76 participants using pressure-sensitive insoles. All participants had no pathologies of the feet. A standardized parcours on flat ground, stairs, inclined plane and uneven ground was performed, wearing mostly everyday footwear. Differences in pedobarography were determined for age (&lt; 40 years/≥40 years), gender and BMI (≤ 24.9/&gt;24.9 kg/m²).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over the whole parcours, the mean total pressure was 22 ± 5 kPA with a maximum pressure of 97 ± 12 kPa. The mean step duration was 0.59 ± 0.1 s with a stance duration time of 0.73 ± 0.07 s, swing duration time of 0.46 ± 0.05 s and a resulting mean gait cycle time of 1.17 ± 0.08 s. A reference range of 13.8–36.6 kPa was assessed for the mean forefoot pressure, respectively 7.6–28.4 kPa (hindfoot), 10.1–28.7 kPa (medial column) 13.3–38.3 kPa (lateral column). Except for the mean forefoot pressure (p = 0.072), significantly higher mean and maximum pressures (p &lt; 0.001–0.045) were found for women. Furthermore, significantly longer step duration (p = 0.005), swing duration time (p = 0.013), mean duration of the gait cycle (p = 0.016) and gait line (p = 0.001) were found for men. There were no significant differences for the gait parameters between age - and BMI subgroups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this pressure load analysis, an association of pedobarographic results with gender has been demonstrated. Gender-adjusted reference values are proposed to enable reliable interpretation of pedobarographic data to guide treatment after orthopedic and trauma surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":"Pages 92-99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143229593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The associations of body composition, fitness, and physical activity with balance in children: The Arkansas Active Kids Study","authors":"Florêncio Diniz-Sousa ,&nbsp;Timothy Edwards ,&nbsp;Eva C. Diaz ,&nbsp;Judith L. Weber ,&nbsp;Elisabet Børsheim","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.01.081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.01.081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Balance plays an important role in children's motor development. However, the factors that are associated with balance in children are not yet fully understood.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>We aimed to investigate the association of body composition, physical fitness, and daily physical activity on balance in children.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The sample was composed of 219 children (53% females), aged 9.0 (IQR = 2.2) years with a body mass index (BMI)-percentile of 74.9 (IQR = 48.7). Balance was evaluated through a force platform in the upright bipedal stance under different sensory conditions. Anthropometry, body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), knee maximal strength (isokinetic dynamometer), aerobic capacity (indirect calorimetry), and daily physical activity (accelerometry and questionnaires) were also assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher levels of body mass, waist circumference, and fat mass were associated with worse balance, whereas greater knee extension strength and peak oxygen uptake were linked to enhanced balance. Among those, fat mass percentage and waist circumference were the most important factors associated with balance performance. Moreover, it was observed that the associations between the identified anthropometric and body composition measures with balance could be counteracted by physical fitness and physical activity levels.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Our findings revealed that anthropometric measures, body composition, and physical fitness levels are associated with children's balance. Furthermore, physical fitness and physical activity may be especially relevant, as they could help mitigate the detrimental effect of excess fat mass on postural control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":"118 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143094927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}