Gait & posture最新文献

{"title":"Effect of task difficulty on dual-task cost during dual-task walking in people with multiple sclerosis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cognitive-motor dual-task walking results a decrease in walking performance of patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) and it is known as dual-task cost (DTC). However, there is a lack of evidence about the effects of dual-tasks with hierarchical difficulty on DTC in PwMS.</p></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><p>This study aimed to investigate the effect of task difficulty on DTC during cognitive-motor dual-task walking in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>32 PwMS and 32 healthy controls were included. The 6-meter walking test (6-Meter WT) with comfortable speed was used as single-task walking condition. For dual-task conditions, walking tasks and cognitive tasks at two difficulty levels (simple and difficult) were combined and DTC for four cognitive-motor dual-task walking conditions as simple motor-simple cognitive (SM-SC), simple motor-difficult cognitive (SM-DC), difficult motor-simple cognitive (DM-SC) and difficult motor-difficult cognitive (DM-DC) were calculated. The 6-Meter WT was used also for simple dual-task walking task. The 6-Meter WT was applied by walking in a narrow base condition for creating a difficult dual-task walking task. For cognitive task difficulty, participants were asked to count backwards by 3 as simple cognitive task and by 7 as difficult cognitive task.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>DTC was higher in PwMS than control subjects. DTC in all conditions were different (SM-SC&lt;SM-DC&lt;DM-SC&lt;DM-DC). DTC was higher in PwMS than control subjects in three conditions and was similar SM-SC condition. In addition, DTC in all conditions (SM-SC&lt;SM-DC&lt;DM-SC&lt;DM-DC) were different in both PwMS and control subjects.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results suggest that task difficulty affects the magnitude of DTC during cognitive-motor dual-task walking in PwMS. Moreover, difficult walking tasks combined with simple cognitive tasks result greater DCT on walking than simple walking tasks combined with difficult cognitive tasks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142242850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different strategies for landing from different heights among people with chronic ankle instability","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Lateral ankle sprain (LAS) usually occurs during landing from heights among people with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Although the kinematics when landing on the flat surface has been reported, no studies have explored the effect of different heights on the landing strategies using a trapdoor device among people with CAI.</p></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><p>Do people with CAI adopt different landing strategies when drop-landing on the trapdoor device from three heights?</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Thirty-one participants with CAI (24 males and 7 females, age=21.1±1.8 years, height=176.9±7.4 cm, body mass=71.9±9.2 kg, injured side=18 R&amp;13 L) were recruited. They dropped from three different heights (low height (16 cm), medium height (23 cm), high height (30 cm)) with their affected foot landing on a movable surface of a trapdoor device, which was tilted 24° inward and 15° forward to simulate LAS. Kinematic data was collected using a twelve-camera motion capture system. One-way analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to compare the differences between the three heights.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Significant height effects were detected in the peak ankle inversion angle (p=0.009, η²_p=0.280) and angular velocity (p&lt;0.001, η²_p=0.444), and the peak ankle plantarflexion (p=0.002, η²_p=0.360), knee flexion (p&lt;0.001, η²_p=0.555), and hip flexion (p=0.030, η²_p=0.215) angles at the time of peak ankle inversion. Post-hoc tests showed that all the angles and velocities were higher at a low height than at medium (p: 0.001–0.045, <em>d</em>: 0.14–0.44) and high heights (p: 0.001–0.023, <em>d</em>: 0.28–0.66), except for the ankle plantarflexion angle, which was lower at a low height than at medium (p&lt;0.001, <em>d</em>=0.44) and high (p=0.021, <em>d</em>=0.38) heights.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>People with CAI adopt a protective strategy during drop-landing at medium and high heights compared to a low height. This strategy involves increased ankle dorsiflexion angle as well as knee and hip flexion angles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142242849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between executed cut angle and speed with lower extremity joint angles during unanticipated side-step cutting in soccer players","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Certain movements patterns have been indicated in knee injuries during cutting while running tasks. Differences in the executed cut angle (ECA) could partially account for group differences in joint kinematics previously observed, including sex differences.</p></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><p>Are there relationships between joint angles with entry speed and ECA during side-step cutting in soccer players?</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional study recruited 21 (10 females) soccer players. Participants completed 45° unanticipated side-step cuts in both directions. Kinematic data were captured with a 12 camera motion capture system with 46 reflective markers placed on the participants. Peak joint angles were determined during the stance phase of the cutting task. Entry speed and ECA were determined from pelvis markers. Hierarchical linear models examined relationships between angles, entry speed, and ECA, after accounting for age, sex, and leg preference. Regression coefficients with 95 % confidence intervals were reported and statistical significance (p&lt;0.05) were examined using the Wald statistic.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean ECA (24.6°) was lower than the intended 45° angle. Peak joint angles were significantly related to both ECA and entry speed. Specifically, an increase in ECA by 10° (i.e., sharper cuts) would increase hip internal rotation and ankle plantarflexion by 1.8–2.1°, and decrease hip adduction, knee abduction and ankle eversion by 1.3–2.4°. Faster entry speeds by 0.5 m/s would increase hip flexion, hip internal rotation and knee extension angles by 1.8–3.8°, and decrease knee abduction by 2.6°.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>Studies evaluating cutting while running should consider ECA and entry speed in their design. Potential differences could confound between-group comparisons of joint angles, including when comparing sexes, and impact interpretations of injury risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0966636224006131/pdfft?md5=9d463f04d70980ee4ff3847861aae3c5&pid=1-s2.0-S0966636224006131-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142230194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Short Physical Performance Battery does not correlate with daily life gait quality and quantity in community-dwelling older adults with an increased fall risk","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Both the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and daily life gait quality and quantity obtained from wearable sensors are used to measure functional status in older adults. It is generally assumed that they are interrelated and exchangeable, but this has not yet been established. Interchangeability of these measures would pave the way for remote monitoring of functional status.</p></div><div><h3>Research Question</h3><p>Are the SPPB and daily life gait quality and quantity measures correlated in community-dwelling older adults?</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The SPPB and gait quality and quantity data of 229 community-dwelling adults of 65 years or older were collected. The SPPB is a combined score of the Three Stage Balance test, Four Meter Walk test, and Five Times Sit to Stand test and ranges from 0 to 12. Participants wore a tri-axial inertial sensor for one week to assess gait quality (e.g. gait stability and smoothness) and quantity (e.g. number of strides). Correlation coefficients between SPPB scores and gait quality and quantity measures were assessed using Spearman’s correlation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The median age of the study population was 76.2 years (IQR 72.6–81.0), and 76 % were women (n=175). The median SPPB score was 10 (IQR 8–11). Spearman's correlation coefficients between the SPPB and gait quality and quantity measures were all below 0.3.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>A possible explanation for the observed weak correlations is that the SPPB reflects one’s maximal capacity, while gait quality and quantity reflect the submaximal performance in daily life. The SPPB and gait quality and quantity seem therefore distinct constructs with complementary value, rather than interchangeable. A more comprehensive understanding of functional status might be achieved by combining the SPPB assessment of standardized activities with the evaluation of inertial sensor measurements obtained during daily life activities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096663622400612X/pdfft?md5=7c016546d161235030f972fc67c12132&pid=1-s2.0-S096663622400612X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142230075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning model identifies patient gait speed throughout the episode of care, generating notifications for clinician evaluation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The advent of digital and mobile health innovations, especially use of wearables for passive data collection, allows remote monitoring and creates an abundance of data. For this information to be interpretable, machine learning (ML) processes are necessary.</p></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><p>Can a machine learning model successfully identify patients expected to have low gait speed in the early recovery period following joint replacement surgery?</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A commercial database from a smartphone-based care management platform passively collecting mobility data pre- and post-lower limb arthroplasty was used. We sought to create a ML model to predict gait speed recovery curves and identify patients at risk of poor gait speed outcome, a measure associated with range of motion and patient-reported outcomes. Model performance including sensitivity, specificity, precision, and accuracy were determined. Receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis was used to compare true and false positive rates. To benchmark our model, we compared threshold-based notifications based on the patient’s current gait speed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The performance of the predictive model was significantly improved compared to baseline of threshold-based exceptions using current gait speed. The ML model currently provides 53 % precision, 88 % accuracy, 36 % sensitivity, and 95 % specificity on the held-out test set. The ROC analysis suggests good clinical performance (AUC=0.81).</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>Utilization of ML to predict gait recovery following total joint replacement is feasible and provides results with excellent specificity. This model will allow inclusion of additional data for retraining as patient populations evolve. Clinician feedback regarding notifications, including resulting actions and outcomes, can be used to further inform the model and improve clinical utility.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0966636224006064/pdfft?md5=36506074ccb670f756cc695c6903d7f8&pid=1-s2.0-S0966636224006064-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142161629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of upper body kinematics in stroke, Parkinson's disease, and healthy subjects: An observational study using IMU-based targeted box and block test","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The Box and Block Test (BBT) is an essential and widely used test in rehabilitation for the assessment of gross unilateral manual dexterity. Although it is a valid, simple, and ecological instrument, it does not provide a quantitative measure of the upper limb trajectories during the test.</p></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><p>The study introduces a new motion-capture-based method (using ecological Inertial Measurement Units - IMUs) to evaluate upper body kinematics while performing a targeted version of BBT (tBBT).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This observational study compares data from 35 healthy subjects, 35 subjects with Parkinson’s disease, and 35 post-stroke individuals to evaluate upper limb kinematics during tBBT quantitatively. Seven IMUs were placed on the trunk, head, and upper limb of each subject. The joint angles and kinematic scores were calculated and analyzed. Motor task execution time and kinematic scores were statistically correlated with clinical assessment measures. Kruskal-Wallis between groups test and Dunn-Bonferroni post-hoc were used.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The statistics revealed significant differences (p&lt;0.05) among the three groups. The analyzed joint angles highlight various compensatory strategies in neurological subjects, such as using the trunk to complete a motor task instead of the shoulder and using the wrist instead of the elbow, along with differences in movement fluidity (DimensionLess-Jerk, p&lt;0.05). A positive correlation was found between kinematics and the Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Limb (r=0.7344; p&lt;0.01), and a negative correlation between kinematics and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (r=-0.5286; p&lt;0.01).</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>The quantitative assessments of joint kinematics correlated to clinical assessments could guarantee a new method of assessment of the upper limb in subjects with motor deficits. This would allow to capture new insight into the characteristics of the subject’s disability, with implications for the choice of a personalized rehabilitation treatment focused on the motor recovery of the upper limb.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0966636224006076/pdfft?md5=51f860c215b570ecea652853ca6037bd&pid=1-s2.0-S0966636224006076-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Walking stress-induced changes in gait patterns and muscle activity: Patients with lumbar spinal stenosis versus asymptomatic controls","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.08.083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.08.083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Patients with symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis (sLSS) are often limited in their walking range because of worsening symptoms, which is thought to induce changes in the gait pattern. The aim of this study was to determine whether changes in gait pattern and muscle activity in these patients are elicited by a walking stress and differ from asymptomatic controls.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Twenty patients with sLSS and 19 asymptomatic controls performed a 30-minute walking stress. Gait was assessed using seven inertial sensors and sagittal joint range of motion (ROM) was calculated during different phases of gait. Muscle activation of the gluteus medius, erector spinae and multifidus muscles was measured by surface electromyography (EMG) and integrated EMGs (normalized to the maximum during gait) were calculated. Differences between groups and time points (beginning and end) were assessed using mixed factorial analysis of variance.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Patients had less knee extension ROM in terminal stance, less knee flexion ROM in swing and less overall hip flexion/extension ROM than controls (p ≤ 0.03). There were no functionally relevant changes in these parameters during the walking stress. The integrated EMG was greater in all muscles in patients than in controls and increased in both groups during the walking stress in the paraspinal but not in the gluteus medius muscle. There was no interaction between group and time for any of the parameters.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Differences in gait pattern and muscle activity between patients with sLSS and controls are generally present, but are not amplified by a walking stress.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0966636224006052/pdfft?md5=1edf4637983f36825318b25a20e0feec&pid=1-s2.0-S0966636224006052-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142147184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can a single sensor measure hip range of motion in hip osteoarthritis patients?","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.07.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.07.018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142128954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of increased femoral anteversion on the trunk and pelvic kinematics during gait in hypermobile children","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.07.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142129519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of motor control impairment and low back pain on the athletic performance of elite soccer players","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.07.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.07.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12496,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142128951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}