Frontiers in Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Correction: Identification and validation of necroptosis-related genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Sjögren disease.","authors":"Yuanji Dong, Lingli Dong, Rongfen Gao","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2026.1849017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1849017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1727374.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"1849017"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13147953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147836316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The multiple positive effects of Honghua Ruyi Pills combined with estradiol valerate and dydrogesterone tablets on postoperative recovery in women after artificial abortion.","authors":"Bing Zhou, Jingjing Li, Yanhua Fu, Yifang Hu, Tingting Fei","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2026.1778706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1778706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of Honghua Ruyi Pills combined with estradiol valerate and dydrogesterone tablets in promoting endometrial repair and menstrual recovery after artificial abortion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, controlled trial conducted at a single center. A total of 380 patients who underwent artificial abortion were randomly assigned to Honghua Ruyi Pills alone (Group 1, <i>n</i> = 129), estradiol valerate plus dydrogesterone tablets alone (Group 2, <i>n</i> = 118), or the combination of all three medications (Group 3, <i>n</i> = 133). The primary outcome was endometrial thickness at 1 week post-surgery. Secondary outcomes included time to postoperative abdominal pain resolution, postoperative vaginal bleeding duration, time to menstruation resumption, postoperative menstrual duration, menstrual volume, menstrual blood color, and the incidence of adverse reactions. All outcomes were assessed after a 21-day treatment period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The primary outcome analysis showed that Group 3 had significantly greater endometrial thickness at 1 week post-surgery compared with Groups 1 and 2 (<i>p</i> = 0.002). For secondary outcomes, Group 3 demonstrated shorter postoperative abdominal pain duration (<i>p</i> < 0.001), bleeding duration (<i>p</i> < 0.001), time to menstrual resumption (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and menstrual duration (<i>p</i> < 0.001) compared with the other groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that patients in Group 3 achieved favorable postoperative outcomes more rapidly (all <i>p</i> < 0.001). The incidence of adverse reactions did not differ significantly among the three groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this single-center trial, the combination of Honghua Ruyi Pills with estradiol valerate and dydrogesterone tablets showed preliminary superiority in promoting short-term endometrial repair and menstrual recovery after artificial abortion compared with either treatment alone. These findings are hypothesis-generating and warrant confirmation in multicenter trials with longer follow-up and clinically relevant reproductive endpoints such as pregnancy rate and intrauterine adhesion formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"1778706"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13144064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147836033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum matrix metalloproteinase-7 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in primary biliary cholangitis.","authors":"Jiahui Chen, Xiaoying Shang, Chong Peng, Luan Wang, Nana Zhang, Wenlong Lu, Mingjun Liu","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2026.1821563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1821563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Serum MMP-7 was measured using chemiluminescence immunoassay in 184 PBC patients and 94 healthy controls. PBC patients were stratified into cirrhotic (<i>n</i> = 75) and non-cirrhotic (<i>n</i> = 109) subgroups; 65 underwent liver biopsy with Ludwig classification. Liver function tests, platelet count, the aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), and fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) were assessed. Diagnostic performance was evaluated via group comparisons, Spearman correlation, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MMP-7 levels were significantly higher in PBC patients compared with healthy controls [5.12 (3.73-6.97) vs. 2.46 (1.93-2.84) ng/mL, <i>p</i> < 0.001], and further elevated in cirrhotic vs. non-cirrhotic [6.99 (5.80-11.80) vs. 4.11 (3.59-5.25) ng/mL] and in advanced vs. early fibrosis [7.13 (5.78-11.02) vs. 3.83 (3.52-5.61) ng/mL; <i>p</i> < 0.001]. For cirrhosis discrimination, MMP-7 achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.830 (95% CI: 0.765-0.894); combining it with APRI/ FIB-4 did not significantly improve accuracy (combined AUC = 0.849, <i>p</i> = 0.224). For advanced fibrosis, AUC was 0.877 (95% CI: 0.794-0.959). MMP-7 correlated with APRI, FIB-4, and histological stage (<i>p</i> < 0.01). After 3-4 months of ursodeoxycholic acid treatment, MMP-7 decreased significantly and paralleled alkaline phosphatase decline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum MMP-7 is elevated in PBC and correlates with disease severity, including cirrhosis and advanced fibrosis. It shows robust diagnostic performance as a standalone biomarker and demonstrates promise for monitoring treatment response, underscoring its potential clinical utility as a complementary non-invasive tool in PBC management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"1821563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147836321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tirzepatide vs. semaglutide for obesity, glycemic control, and cardiovascular outcomes: a narrative review of clinical trials.","authors":"Maan H Harbi, Ahmad M Ashour, Nasser M Alorfi, Mohammed M Aldurdunji, Saad M Wali, Yahya A Alzahrani","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2026.1764664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1764664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tirzepatide, a dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, has emerged as an effective therapy for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Its dual-incretin mechanism may offer enhanced metabolic benefits compared with selective GLP-1 receptor agonists such as semaglutide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A structured narrative review of clinical trials, real-world observational studies, and contextual cardiovascular outcome analyses was conducted. Literature was sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov and relevant scientific databases to compare tirzepatide and semaglutide across weight, glycemic, cardiometabolic, and safety outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across completed head-to-head randomized trials, tirzepatide consistently achieved greater reductions in body weight, and HbA1c than semaglutide in individuals with obesity or T2DM. Semaglutide, however, has the most mature evidence for cardiovascular risk reduction, as demonstrated in the SUSTAIN-6, PIONEER-6, and SELECT trials. The SURPASS-CVOT trial established cardiovascular non-inferiority for tirzepatide compared with dulaglutide, alongside improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors. Real-world studies reported heterogeneous cardiovascular outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tirzepatide demonstrates superior metabolic efficacy in direct comparative trials, whereas semaglutide currently has the strongest evidence for cardiovascular benefit. Treatment selection should be individualized based on clinical priorities and patient characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"1764664"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147836218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tibialis anterior pennation angle at ICU admission and 60-day mortality in critically ill patients: a prospective observational study.","authors":"Yu Zhou, Lulu Wan, Xiaopeng Li, Guangzhen Li, Hailun Peng, Qiang Chen, Yazhen Zeng, Jingyi Huang, Jianfeng Wu, Ronglin Chen, Fei Pei, Bin Gu, Xiangdong Guan","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2026.1815137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1815137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Skeletal muscle is an important organ strongly associated with prognosis in critically ill patients. 60-day mortality represents a key endpoint for evaluating the transitional phase from ICU survival to functional recovery, yet the association between ultrasound-derive muscle indices at ICU admission and 60-day mortality remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This dual-center, prospective observational study was performed from January to December 2024. Four ultrasound indices of muscle quantity [thickness and cross-sectional area of the rectus femoris (RF-TH and RF-CSA), thickness of the vastus intermedius (VI-TH), thickness of the quadriceps femoris (QF-TH)], and one index of quality (tibialis anterior pennation angle, TA-PA) were assessed within 24 h of ICU admission. The primary endpoint was 60-day all-cause mortality. To identify predictive factors, multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed. Additionally, a predictive nomogram model was developed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 247 critically ill adult patients were included, with a median age of 61.0 years (51.0-72.0), including 171 males (69.20%). During 60-day follow-up, 53 patients (21.50%) died. Compared with the survivors, the non-survivors exhibited significantly lower RF-TH (0.54 [0.43-0.70] vs. 0.64 [0.48-0.85]cm; <i>P</i> = 0.022), VI-TH (0.64 [0.47-0.86] vs. 0.77 [0.64-1.04]cm; <i>P</i> = 0.002), QF-TH (1.32 [0.96-1.63] vs. 1.48 [1.24-1.97]cm; <i>P</i> =0.005) and TA-PA (7.08[5.63-8.48] vs. 7.94[6.62-9.32]; <i>P</i> =0.002). Among them, TA-PA was identified as an independent predictor of 60-day mortality (β = -0.216, <i>P</i> = 0.035). TA-PA, in conjunction with APACHE II score and prealbumin level, constructed a predictive nomogram, with a consistency index (C-index) of 0.785 (95%CI: 0.728-0.834). Calibration assessed by Spiegelhalter <i>Z</i>-test showed <i>P</i> > 0.05 indicating adequate calibration for the predicted and observed models. Decision curve analysis (DCA) confirmed that the nomogram prediction model had good clinical benefits. Internal validation demonstrated stable model performance, with a concordance statistic (C-index) of 0.785. Compared to the ROC curve based solely on APACHE II score, the nomogram exhibited significantly higher area under the curve (AUC) (0.785, 95%CI: 0.728-0.834 vs. 0.726, 95%CI: 0.666-0.781, <i>P</i> = 0.023).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lower TA-PA at ICU admission is an independent predictor of 60-day mortality. Incorporating this ultrasound-derived muscle quality index with APACHE II score and prealbumin level may improve early risk stratification in critically ill patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"1815137"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13144024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147836227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standard Treatment Workflows: scaling system-compatible approaches to rational antibiotic use.","authors":"Hitesh K Sharma, Ravinder Singh, Dhiraj Kumar, Daanish, Anjali Bajaj, Mohan Kant, Viney Lather, Virinder S Parmar, Jerin J Cherian, Kamini Walia, Ashoo Grover","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2026.1789243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1789243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens the effectiveness of essential medicines, particularly in resource-constrained health systems where high patient volumes, limited diagnostic capacity and inconsistent guideline adherence influence antibiotic prescribing. India faces a substantial AMR burden, with national surveillance reporting carbapenem resistance exceeding 80% in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and over 90% in <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> bloodstream isolates. In response, the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has developed Standard Treatment Workflows (STWs) concise, evidence-based, point-of-care clinical guidance intended to support rational antibiotic use across levels of care. This Practise paper examines the stewardship orientation, system compatibility and readiness for scale-up of STWs to inform their wider adoption. We reviewed 157 STWs addressing conditions requiring antibiotic therapy and mapped recommended agents against the WHO Access-Watch-Reserve (AWaRe) classification, the National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM) and Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS). The recommended antibiotics predominantly fall within the WHO Access category and are largely drawn from medicines listed in India's NLEM. These features indicate strong alignment of STWs with antimicrobial stewardship principles and existing health system capacities. ICMR Standard Treatment Workflows are a stewardship-aligned, system-compatible clinical guidance tool with strong readiness for scale-up; this paper argues for their adoption in India and their relevance for other high-burden health systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"1789243"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147836278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examiner stratification reveals clinically relevant variability in large language model answers to endodontic patient questions.","authors":"Saeed S Alqahtani, Hmoud Ali Algarni, Meshal Aber Alonazi, Azhar Iqbal, Osama Khattak, Ravi Jothish, Mohmed Isaqali Karobari","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2026.1819087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1819087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used by patients seeking endodontic information, yet their clinical reliability and safety in patient-centred communication remain uncertain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study evaluated the clinical reliability and safety of three contemporary LLMs (ChatGPT GPT-4o, Claude Sonnet 4.5, and Gemini 3 Flash) using 50 patient-centred endodontic questions (35 frequently asked questions and 15 scenario-based prompts). Each question was submitted six times per model in independent sessions. Responses were anonymised and independently assessed by four examiners using a structured Clinical Reliability and Safety Framework. Due to poor inter-examiner agreement, analyses were conducted using examiner stratification. Reproducibility was assessed using word count variability, embedding-based semantic similarity, and lexical distance metrics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistically significant differences in clinical reliability were observed across all examiners. ChatGPT consistently received the lowest scores, whereas Gemini most frequently achieved the highest ratings. Model differentiation was clearer for structured frequently asked questions and selected clinical domains than for scenario-based prompts. All models demonstrated stable response lengths across repeated runs. Gemini showed the highest semantic consistency despite greater surface-level rewording.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Contemporary LLMs demonstrate clinically meaningful variability beyond factual accuracy, particularly in safety framing and clinical actionability. Reliability is influenced by question structure and clinical context. Multidimensional, examiner-aware evaluation frameworks are necessary to meaningfully assess safety and support responsible integration of LLMs into endodontic patient communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"1819087"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147836284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of traumatic injury on the respiratory system; a narrative review of injury-associated and clinically-induced mechanisms of trauma-associated pneumonia.","authors":"Fiona Howroyd, Jonathan Weblin, Fang Gao Smith, Niharika A Duggal, Zubair Ahmed","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2026.1807707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1807707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pneumonia is a common complication after major trauma, affecting approximately one third of all traumatic injury victims. The pathophysiology of trauma associated pneumonia (TAP) is complex, with numerous, injury-associated mechanisms and clinically-induced risk factors, making early detection and precise diagnosis challenging. These features are coupled with extensive immune modulation and profound inflammation, which occur simultaneously after traumatic injury. When TAP occurs, it is associated with poor patient outcomes, including increased mortality rates, longer intensive care unit and hospital admissions and increased likelihood to be discharged to an ongoing care or rehabilitation facility. However, with rising prevalence of antibiotic resistance and multi-drug resistant strains of bacteria, the management of TAP is becoming increasingly complex. With profound effects upon patient recovery, long-term outcomes and healthcare associated costs, there is urgent need for increased understanding and awareness of TAP. In this narrative review we aim to deconstruct normal lung physiology, to understand the direct impact of major trauma upon the respiratory system. Specifically, we examine how major trauma, across a spectrum of injury subtypes, influences immune responses, ventilatory mechanics, neuromuscular control of breathing, airway protection, and brain-lung interactions, and how these processes contribute to the development of TAP. Finally, we highlight the diagnostic limitations of current clinical criteria and explore the emerging potential of artificial intelligence and machine learning to synthesise complex, heterogeneous data for the early and precise prediction of TAP.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"1807707"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug-induced eosinophilic pneumonia: a real-world data mining study of the FAERS and Vigibase database reveals potential safety signals and risk patterns.","authors":"Jing Hu, Yao Sun, Cong Cheng, Sisi Wang, Xiangrong Zuo, Yun Liu","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2026.1788843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1788843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Eosinophilic pneumonia (EP) is an uncommon, idiopathic interstitial lung disease distinguished by the atypical accumulation of eosinophils within the pulmonary parenchyma and airways. The condition often presents insidiously and is frequently overlooked or misdiagnosed; pharmacological agents are among the acknowledged precipitants of this disorder.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective pharmacovigilance investigation. We utilized the FAERS and Vigibase databases to detect adverse reactions associated with drug-related EP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified a total of 15,374 cases of drug-induced EP in FAERS. The incidence was highest, at 24.1%, among individuals aged 45 to 64 years, with 35.4% of the affected patients requiring hospitalization. In terms of the numerical composition of PTs, pneumonitis was the most predominant PT. Although the proportion of PTs varied for each drug and pneumonitis remained the most common, antibacterials exhibited a higher prevalence of \"eosinophilic pneumonia\" and \"pulmonary eosinophilia.\" Notable observations include significant signal variations between the two databases for certain drugs, yet all positive signal drugs identified by FAERS can be confirmed by Vigibase. Initial screening identified 302 suspect drugs; following disproportionality filtering, univariate analysis, and lasso shrinkage, 56 agents were retained. Nivolumab was the most frequently reported drug (1,377 reports), followed by pembrolizumab (1,070 reports) and daptomycin (758 reports), with daptomycin exhibiting the most significant statistical signal in FAERS. Time-to-onset analysis indicated that EP typically manifested early. Multivariable modeling identified higher body weight, advancing age, and polypharmacy as associated factors. The drugs most strongly associated with EP were daptomycin (OR 12.50, 95% CI 9.40-16.75), durvalumab (OR 5.17, 95% CI 3.74-7.14), fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan (OR 4.86, 95% CI 3.32-7.04), idelalisib (OR 4.74, 95% CI 3.13-7.07), and osimertinib (OR 3.21, 95% CI 2.11-4.79).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The early discontinuation of the offending drug, timely initiation of corticosteroid therapy, and multidisciplinary collaboration are fundamental to achieving improved outcomes in cases of drug-induced eosinophilic pneumonia. This study offers substantial real-world evidence to facilitate the early identification and optimal management of eosinophilic pneumonia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"1788843"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147836025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal medical image reconstruction and organ-wise disease classification using a hybrid deep learning-Kalman filtering framework.","authors":"Saad Arif","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2026.1770289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1770289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medical image reconstruction and enhancement play a critical role in improving the reliability of computer assisted disease analysis. In this study, a simulation-based hybrid framework is proposed that integrates a deep neural network (DNN) with a cubature Kalman filter (CKF) to combine nonlinear state estimation with learning-based refinement for improved image reconstruction and organ-wise disease classification. The framework is evaluated in a controlled simulation environment using synthetic multimodal radiology-pathology images representing four organs (liver, kidney, lung, and heart) and three disease severity levels (normal, mild, and severe). The proposed hybrid approach consistently demonstrates higher reconstruction fidelity and classification performance than standalone CKF and DNN models. Quantitative evaluation using the peak signal-to-noise ratio and the structural similarity index measure indicates improved structural preservation and noise reduction. In addition, classification analysis using confusion matrices and derived performance metrics demonstrates reliable discrimination between disease severity levels. Across the simulated cases, improvements of approximately 5-10% in classification accuracy and higher reconstruction quality are achieved relative to baseline methods. These findings suggest that the integration of nonlinear filtering with deep learning can provide a robust computational framework for multimodal medical image reconstruction and organ-wise disease analysis. Although the results are based on simulation experiments, the proposed approach demonstrates potential for future validation using real clinical imaging datasets.</p>","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"1770289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13147961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147836124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}