Functional Plant Biology最新文献

{"title":"Modulation of ion transporter genes of salt-stressed sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> L. Moench) by foliar application of digitoxin.","authors":"","doi":"10.1071/FP25031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/FP25031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salinity poses a major threat to cereal crops such as sorghum. The foliar application of digitoxin at concentrations of 50, 100, and 200ppm was tested for its potential to alleviate salt stress in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor ) exposed to 200mM NaCl. Various growth parameters were analyzed, such as relative water content, malondialdehyde (MDA), osmoregulatory compunds (soluble carbohydrates and proline), ionic markers (Na+ and K+ levels in shoots and roots), and the expression of specific ion transporter genes including NHX , SOS1 , AKT1 , PPV , and PHA1 during the seedling stage. Digitoxin treatment significantly enhanced biochemical and ionic characteristics in salt-stressed plants by enhancing the membrane stability index and reducing MDA levels while boosting soluble carbohydrates, free amino acids, and proline. Real-time PCR showed that digitoxin application triggered the upregulation of genes promoting Na+ and K+ balance and reducing ion toxicity. This study underscores the potential role of digitoxin in improving salt tolerance through its influence on the regulation of ion transporter gene expression specific for K+ and Na+ ion transport and homeostasis. The effect of digitoxin on the ion transporters seems to be dose-dependent. The mechanism of digitoxin's effect on ion transporter gene expression of salt-stressed plants is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12483,"journal":{"name":"Functional Plant Biology","volume":"52 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives on deciphering thermotolerance mechanisms in <i>Heliotropium thermophilum</i>: integrating biochemical responses and gene expression patterns.","authors":"Asiye Sezgin Muslu, Necdet Mehmet Ünel, Aykut Saglam, Mehmet Cengiz Baloglu, Asim Kadioglu","doi":"10.1071/FP24288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/FP24288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High temperature stress significantly impacts plant viability and productivity. Understanding thermotolerance mechanisms is essential for developing resilient crops. Heliotropium thermophilum , endemic to geothermal areas with extreme soil temperatures, serves as a model for studying plant high temperature stress responses. We aim to elucidate the biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying thermotolerance in H. thermophilum . Biochemical assays quantified osmoprotectants (proline, soluble sugars, glycine-betaine, and total phenolics) and lipid peroxidation in H. thermophilum under different soil temperatures. Transcriptome analysis and quantitative Real-Time PCR were performed to validate the expression of genes involved in osmoprotectant biosynthesis, antioxidant defense, and cell wall modification. Glycine-betaine and proline levels increased by up to 189% and 104%, respectively, during peak stress. Elevated total phenolics correlated with reduced lipid peroxidation, indicating effective oxidative stress mitigation. Transcriptome analysis revealed significant upregulation of genes related to osmoprotectant biosynthesis, antioxidant defense, and cell wall modification, with notable expression of heat shock proteins and sugar transport genes. H. thermophilum employs an integrative biochemical and molecular strategy to withstand high soil temperatures, involving osmoprotectant accumulation, enhanced antioxidant defenses, and dynamic cell wall remodeling. These findings provide insights into thermotolerance mechanisms, offering potential targets for enhancing high temperature stress resilience in other crops. This study contributes to understanding plant-soil interactions and developing strategies to ensure agricultural productivity amid global climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":12483,"journal":{"name":"Functional Plant Biology","volume":"52 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of nitrogen level on growth, nutrient uptake, and nitrogen use efficiency in cotton seedlings.","authors":"Dandan Chen, Zhao Zhang, Honghong Wu, Guozheng Yang","doi":"10.1071/FP25145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/FP25145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cotton, as a globally important economic crop, has high nitrogen (N) demand but low N uptake and N utilization efficiency (NUE). Optimizing N input by improving NUE represents a critical challenge for sustainable cotton production. We applied six N levels (0, 0.04, 0.4, 1, 4, 8mM Ca(NO3 )2 , designated as N0, N0.04, N0.4, N1, N4, and N8, respectively) to examine their effects on morphology, biomass, nutrient absorption, and NUE at four treatment durations. Results showed that seedling growth and nutrient accumulation initially increased and subsequently decreased with increasing N levels. The optimal N ranges for seedling growth at 7, 14, 21 and 28d were 0.4, 0.4-1, 1-4 and 4-8mM Ca(NO3 )2 , respectively. Under optimal N, seedlings achieved maximum accumulations of N, P, K, and Ca (55.8, 8.8, 64.9, and 26.2mg/plant at 28d, respectively), while maintaining consistent N:P:K:Ca ratios of approximately 1:0.2:1.2:0.5 across seedling stage. Under low N, nutrients were preferentially allocated to roots, promoting root growth. NUE exhibited positive correlations with root traits and nutrient proportion, whereas shoot traits showed positive associations with nutrient accumulation and shoot nutrient proportion. These findings provide a theoretical basis for scientific fertilization, and establish a theoretical foundation for understanding the physiological mechanisms of efficient N use in cotton.</p>","PeriodicalId":12483,"journal":{"name":"Functional Plant Biology","volume":"52 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chickpea genotypes with high ascorbic acid accumulation can mitigate the impact of high temperature stress.","authors":"Amol P Solanke, S R Gadakh, Kruthika S, V R Awari, Apoorva Ashu, Navodhaya J V, Harimadhav C, C Laxuman, Gurumurthy S","doi":"10.1071/FP24311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/FP24311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chickpea is widely grown during the cooler season to avoid the adverse effects of high-temperature stress (HTS). Endogenous ascorbic acid (AsA), a prominent antioxidant, plays a crucial role in mitigating abiotic stresses in various crops. This study aimed to assess genotypic variation in AsA and to investigate the mechanisms associated with higher AsA content. The evaluation was conducted under three HTS levels (NS: >28°C, HTS-1: >33°C, HTS-2: >37°C) in field conditions during the flowering stage. AsA accumulation increased progressively with increased stress levels, showing a 27.8% increase under HTS-1 and a 61.9% increase under HTS-2 compared to NS. Notably, genotypes JG-14, IPC-06-11, ICE-15654-A, and ICCV 92944-6 exhibited significantly higher AsA content under HTS conditions. These genotypes maintained cooler canopy temperatures, higher relative water content, and increased total chlorophyll content under HTS. Additionally, these genotypes exhibited lower lipid peroxidation rates, higher proline content, and higher ascorbate peroxidase activity. Furthermore, genotypes with higher AsA levels exhibited higher seed yield and seeds per plant. Overall, the findings indicate that genotypes with higher AsA accumulation, along with the heat-tolerant check JG-14, showed superior performance in physio-biochemical processes, suggesting that AsA plays a significant role in enhancing tolerance to HTS in chickpea.</p>","PeriodicalId":12483,"journal":{"name":"Functional Plant Biology","volume":"52 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of <sc>L</sc>-arginine and nitric oxide in alleviating nickel-induced phytotoxicity: reducing oxidative damage and enhancing antioxidant defense in rice.","authors":"Mona H Soliman","doi":"10.1071/FP25152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/FP25152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nickel (Ni) stress severely impairs rice growth and productivity by disrupting physiological functions and inducing oxidative damage. This study investigated the individual and combined effects of nitric oxide (NO) and L -arginine (L -Arg) in mitigating Ni toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Ni exposure reduced plant biomass, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, water use efficiency (WUE), and membrane stability, and increased Ni uptake, reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), electrolyte leakage (EL), and methylglyoxal (MG). Antioxidant enzyme activities and osmolyte levels were also altered. Foliar application of NO or L -Arg partially alleviated these effects, but the combined treatment (NO+L -Arg) provided superior protection. Co-treated plants showed improved growth, chlorophyll content, gas exchange, relative water content (RWC), and leaf water potential. Oxidative stress markers (H2 O2 , MDA, EL, and MG) were reduced, whereas antioxidant enzyme and glyoxalase system activities were stabilized. Soluble sugar and glycine betaine (GB) levels were optimized, and Ni accumulation in tissues was significantly decreased. Notably, the combined treatment enhanced expression of stress-related and metal detoxification genes (OsMTP1 , OsPCS5 , HSP70 , and OsZIP1 ). These findings highlight the synergistic role of NO andL -Arg in enhancing rice tolerance to Ni stress and suggest its potential as a sustainable strategy for improving crop resilience in contaminated soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":12483,"journal":{"name":"Functional Plant Biology","volume":"52 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of foliar applications of MeJA and MgO-NPs on secondary metabolites and essential oil of <i>Rosa damascena</i> Mill.","authors":"Mitra Zamani, Azra Saboora, Mohammad Taghi Ebadi, Nassim Ghorbanmehr, Akbar Karami, Francesco Loreto","doi":"10.1071/FP25025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/FP25025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, use of elicitors in agriculture has received attention due to their positive effect on plant secondary metabolite production. We investigated the effects of two elicitors, magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO-NPs) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on secondary metabolites that improve physiological and stress-defensive properties of leaves and flowers of Rosa damascena Mill. Different doses of the elicitors were tested, and their impacts assessed for 14days after the leaf treatment, and at three stages of flowering. Significant increases in the contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and in the activities of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were found in leaves treated with the two elicitors. However, the effect was higher and widespread on all investigated parameters in plants treated with the lowest dose (0.1mM) of MeJA. Low concentrations of MeJA also clearly stimulated synthesis of monoterpenoid alcohols and aromatic alcohols that are responsible for the perfume of petals, and enhanced total and single phenolics, and total flavonoids of flowers. In contrast, petal anthocyanins were reduced following treatments with both elicitors. Exogenous applications of low concentrations of MeJA appear to be the most promising for inducing antioxidant responses in R. damascena and improving perfumes of the petals.</p>","PeriodicalId":12483,"journal":{"name":"Functional Plant Biology","volume":"52 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the water potential curve to identify the transition from water-consumptive to water-conservative behaviour in <i>Cucumis melo</i>.","authors":"Heinrich di Santo, Thorsten Knipfer, Felipe H Barrios-Masias","doi":"10.1071/FP25048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/FP25048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As plants experience drought, transpiration is regulated by decreases in stomatal conductance (g s ) that can reduce carbon assimilation, biomass production and yield. The plant water potential (Ψ ) provides an estimate of the plant water status, and the relationship between predawn (Ψ pd ) and midday (Ψ md ) water potential (i.e. the water potential curve) could help determine when plants transition from water-consumptive (higher g s ) to water-conservative (lower g s ) behaviour. In this study, we apply the water potential curve framework (WP curve; i.e. Ψ pd ~Ψ md relationship) to an annual crop (Cucumis melo ). The WP curve was evaluated over several dry-down experiments in both greenhouse (GH) and field conditions. Leaf gas exchange and Ψ measurements were taken on the same days. Overall, the WP curve differed between environments and the shift from higher to lower g s occurred earlier (higher Ψ pd ) under GH conditions, likely driven by a smaller root system, reduced access to soil water availability and a more rapid onset of drought. The WP curve exhibited two phases divided by a breakpoint (Θ) at -0.5MPa (GH) and -0.72MPa (field) of Ψ pd that coincided with a g s reduction of 55% and 85% respectively. During phase I, plants reduced g s as the drought intensified without significantly compromising carbon assimilation (P n ). Yet, at Θ, P n decreased by 57% and 61% under GH and field conditions respectively. During phase II, leaves reached the turgor loss point (TLP) at a Ψ md of -0.83MPa (GH) and -1.3MPa (field) that were similar to the TLP estimated from bench-top leaf pressure curves. Our results suggest that the WP curve in melons identifies the transition from water-consumptive to water-conservative behaviour and sets a boundary at which plants substantially reduce leaf gas exchange. Hence, the WP curve could be used to select crop varieties able to endure longer periods of drought with minimal impact on carbon assimilation,and better manage irrigation based on estimates of Ψ pd to support effective use of water without a yield decrease.</p>","PeriodicalId":12483,"journal":{"name":"Functional Plant Biology","volume":"52 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Source and rate of nutrients may change the yield and aroma profile of <i>Zataria multiflora</i> Boiss.","authors":"Zohreh Emami Bistgani, Vahid Rowshan, Razieh Azimi, Masoud Hashemi","doi":"10.1071/FP25060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/FP25060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A two-year field study was conducted to explore the influence of fertilizer sources on Zataria growth and quality characteristics. Treatments comprised control (no fertilizer), synthetic fertilizer, cow manure, vermicompost, and combinations of synthetic fertilizer with cow manure or vermicompost. Synthetic fertilizer was applied at 109kg ha-1 urea, 58kg ha-1 triple superphosphate, and 52kg ha-1 potassium sulfate (N50 P25 K25 ). Organic fertilizers were applied at 5tons ha-1 , and combined treatments comprised half rate of both organic and synthetic sources. The results indicated that young plants benefited from readily available nutrients released from synthetic fertilizer and produced 37% and 50% more biomass compared with sole cow manure and vermicompost, respectively. The highest biomass (167g m-2 ) and oil yield (3.63g m-2 ) were obtained from the combination of synthetic fertilizer and cow manure in established plants. The oil concentration of plants that received either cow manure or vermicompost were higher than synthetic fertilizer. Linalool was the dominant oxygenated monoterpene and represented 82% and 88% of the essential oil in 2023 and 2024, respectively, when cow manure was used. The findings of this research further substantiate the idea that Zataria represents a valuable source of antioxidant compounds, with potential for industrial exploitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12483,"journal":{"name":"Functional Plant Biology","volume":"52 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of microalgae in circular carbon capture systems.","authors":"Dariga K Kirbayeva, Huma Balouch, Tao Xu, Meruyert O Bauenova, Dilnaz E Zaletova, Bekzhan D Kossalbayev","doi":"10.1071/FP25195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/FP25195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microalgae offer a simple and sustainable way to capture carbon dioxide (CO2 ) from industrial emissions while producing valuable biomass for fuels, feed and other bioproducts. In this review, we summarize recent progress in designing and improving closed-loop microalgae systems that capture CO2 and recycle nutrients and energy. We compare several industrial pilot projects around the world to show which designs work best at scale and highlight remaining hurdles. To organize these challenges, we introduce a Barrier-Impact Matrix that maps technical, economic and regulatory obstacles alongside potential solutions. Finally, we discuss how to get more value from the harvested biomass and how life cycle assessments (LCAs) can guide future improvements.</p>","PeriodicalId":12483,"journal":{"name":"Functional Plant Biology","volume":"52 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trichome mediated external water transport may compensate for reduced vascular efficiency in atmospheric epiphytic Bromeliaceae.","authors":"Narcy Anai Pereira-Zaldívar, Luis David Patiño-López, Raúl Rodríguez-García, José Luis Andrade, Manuel Jesús Cach-Pérez, Celene Espadas-Manrique, Felipe Barredo-Pool, Casandra Reyes-García","doi":"10.1071/FP25140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/FP25140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Complex trichomes in the leaves of epiphytic Bromeliaceae absorb water and nutrients, while also facilitating long distance water transport along the leaf surface, a phenomenon previously characterized for two Tillandsia species. This study aimed to determine trichome traits that govern external water transport speed, and its relation to life form, xylem transport capacity and environmental conditions. Using near-infrared optical techniques, we characterized trichome-mediated transport in 19 species and analyzed its association with trichome and vascular traits, functional group, and habitat parameters. External leaf water transport was observed in 10 species, all of which were atmospheric life forms (nebulophytes and pseudobulbs). Transport speed positively correlated with trichome area, wing length, and degree of overlap. Species with higher trichome overlap had lower xylem capacity (Kx ) and tracheid diameter and numbers, suggesting that the atmospheric life form is related to secure, inefficient vascular systems, which may be partly compensated with external transport. External transport was more common in species from habitats with high maximum vapor pressure deficits and low aridity indices, suggesting it enhances water uptake by rapidly redistributing water across available trichomes before evaporation can occur.</p>","PeriodicalId":12483,"journal":{"name":"Functional Plant Biology","volume":"52 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}