Village and Agriculture最新文献

{"title":"Uwarunkowania uczestnictwa młodzieży wiejskiej w procesie innowacji społecznych","authors":"K. Zajda","doi":"10.7366/WIR032016/05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7366/WIR032016/05","url":null,"abstract":"Celem wdrazania innowacji spolecznych jest niwelowanie istniejących proble- mow spolecznych, w tym tych dotyczących grup dyskryminowanych, a do takich, jeśli cho- dzi o rynek pracy, nalezy wspolczesna mlodziez. Celem rozwazan w niniejszym artykule jest zwrocenie uwagi na potencjalne uwarunko wania uczestnictwa mlo dziezy wiejskiej w pro- cesie innowacji spolecznych. Przedmiotem analizy są wybrane skladowe kapitalu ludzkiego i spolecznego cechującego mlodziez, ktore m ogą byc znaczące dla jej uczestnictwa w inno- wacjach spolecznych. Zostaną zaprezentowane rezultaty badan socjologicznych (przepro- wadzonych z wykorzystaniem ankiety audytoryjnej) zrealizowanych w latach 2014–2015 na obszarze wojewodztwa wielkopolskiego wśrod mlodziezy w wieku 16–19 lat zamieszkującej obszary wiejskie. Mlodziez ta uczeszczala do szkol ponadgimnazjalnych (zasadniczych szkol zawodowych, technikow oraz liceow ogolnoksztalcących). Przeprowadzone analizy pozwo- lily wyroznic wśrod wybranych skladowych kapitalu ludzkiego i spolecznego mlodziezy te, ktore mogą negatywnie oddzialywac na j ej uczestnictwo w innowacjach spolecznych. Zaliczono do nich, po pierwsze, niewielką wiedze o innowacjach, w tym o innowacjach spolecznych, szczegolnie cenną dla przyszlych innowatorow spolecznych (rowniez tych, ktorzy naśladują dobre przyklady w tym zakresie) czy tez pionierow akceptacji innowacji spolecznych. Po drugie, niewielkie zainte resowanie sprawami lokalnymi ograniczające mozliwośc uczestnictwa mlodziezy w innowacja ch spolecznych wdrazanych przez pod- mioty lokalne. Po trzecie, ograniczenie ak tywności spolecznej mlodziezy do środowiska szkolnego, co stawia pod znakiem zapytania jej kontynuowanie po zakonczeniu edukacji, a tym samym przynaleznośc jakiejś cześci mlo dziezy do sieci, w ramach ktorych mogą byc tworzone, wdrazane i przyswajane innowacje spoleczne. ----- The aim of implementing social innovatio ns is to eliminate the existing social problems, including problems of groups that are discriminated against. Contemporary youths are definitely a group which is disfavoured on the labour market. The objective of this paper is to point out the potential determinants of rural youths’ participation in the process of social innovations. The analysis focuses on selected components of the participants’ human and social capital, which may be important for their participation in social innovations. The paper presents the results of sociological research (involving the auditorium survey technique) carried out in the period 2014–2015 in Wielkopolskie Voivodeship, among young people aged 16–19 residing in rural areas. The participants attended upper secondary schools (vocational schools, secondary technical schools and general secondary schools). The performed analyses led to the identification of components of youths’ human and social capital which may have a negative influence on their participation in social innovations. First, young people have little knowledge on innovations, inclu","PeriodicalId":124819,"journal":{"name":"Village and Agriculture","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122949477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stabilizacja dochodów rolniczych. Perspektywa międzynarodowa, Unii Europejskiej i Polski","authors":"M. Soliwoda, J. Kulawik, J. Góral","doi":"10.7366/WIR032016/02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7366/WIR032016/02","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of variability in agricultural income of a single farm household, resulting essentially from stochastic factors, is gaining increasingly in economic, social and political. importance. The article has two basic purposes, first, to examine mechanisms of agricultural income stabilisation, secondly, to review and evaluate the selected farm income stabilization systems from an international, European Union (EU) and Polish perspectives. This paper is a cross-sectional study with some elements of meta-analysis. It is also based on a comparative approach. Assuming the stability of prices and quantities, agricultural income may increase due to higher revenues and lower average total cost. The world’s most refined solutions to stabilise farm incomes are developed in Canada (ie. AgriStability). There is substitutability and complementarity between some state intervention tools, market or quasi-market products. Excessive support provided by state to intervention instruments inhibits the development of tools offered by the market, which leads to a crowding out effect. In the case of Poland, an obligatory farm accountancy system might greatly facilitate the introduction of income stabilisation instruments.","PeriodicalId":124819,"journal":{"name":"Village and Agriculture","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116590609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Przyczyny i przejawy peryferyjności obszarów wiejskich w Polsce","authors":"I. Nurzyńska","doi":"10.7366/WIR022016/05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7366/WIR022016/05","url":null,"abstract":"Spatial disparities of social and economic development results in emerging of marginalized (peripheral) areas. Rural areas are particularly exposed to this phenomenon. Peripherality is a multidimensional and complex concept. It is of relative nature and iden tification and determination of peripheral areas is subjective and depends on the identification criteria applied. Peripherality is commonly recognized as a negative phenomenon with such underlying features as backwardness, dependency, marginalization and deprivation. Governments at central and regional levels undertake various actions and public interventions in order to achieve social and territorial cohesion. However, the results of those undertakings are far from satisfactory. The goal of this article is to analyze dimensions of the peripherality of rural areas, especially its economic dimension, and to indicate causes of peripheriality in view of theories and concepts of regional development. This paper is based on the analysis of the literature, public statistics and own research results.","PeriodicalId":124819,"journal":{"name":"Village and Agriculture","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133512733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propozycja delimitacji regionów agroturystycznych w Polsce","authors":"Lucyna Przezbórska-Skobiej, S. Sobotka","doi":"10.7366/WIR022016/08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7366/WIR022016/08","url":null,"abstract":"The Authors suggest marking off Polish agritourism regions (i.e. regions with well- developed agritourism infrastructure), based on the number of agritourism farms operating in rural and urban-rural communes (regionalization and delimitation based on administrative criterion). The analysis is based on the 2011 statistics provided by relevant regional agricultural advisory centres. In the first stage of the analysis, all the rural and urban-rural communes in which there were more than five agritourism farms in 2011 (i.e. 329 communes) were divided into three types based on the level of agritourismdevelopment. In the second stage Poland was divided into agritourism regions by delimiting larger territories, i.e. regions and sub-regions, comprising communes featuring a big number of agritourism farms. Within the 12 thus delimited agritourism regions, the larger ones have been divided into sub-regions (the total of sixteen sub-regions).","PeriodicalId":124819,"journal":{"name":"Village and Agriculture","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121224019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zmiany funkcjonalne a przekształcenia ziemi rolnej na cele pozarolnicze na obszarach rozdrobnionych agrarnie","authors":"Z. Sawicka, P. Fogel","doi":"10.7366/WIR012016/09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7366/WIR012016/09","url":null,"abstract":"The following study aims at verifying whether and to which extent functional changes affect the conversion of agricultural land. The land under study features fragmented agrarian structure and the proximity of a subregional city with a population of more than 100 thousand. The paper describes legal conditions of agricultural land conversion (AL), analyses the risk of conversion and the functional and spatial changes of the area under study in 2004–2013. High population density and fragmented agrarian structure create strong pressure on AL conversion. The data illustrating changes in the income structure of agricultural holdings show that the area becomes multifunctional. A simultaneous analysis of utilized agricultural area supported by direct payment shows no relevant change in the share of AL. This leads to a conclusion that the functional transformation does not necessarily mean corresponding spatial changes. They may be based on a more intensive use of land which has already been urbanized. This way of thinking is absent among local land-use planners. In 2011–2013 the surface of non-agricultural land in local land-use plans has increased several times.","PeriodicalId":124819,"journal":{"name":"Village and Agriculture","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121573647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gospodarka niskoemisyjna – nowe wyzwanie dla gmin wiejskich","authors":"P. Gradziuk, B. Gradziuk","doi":"10.7366/WIR012016/06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7366/WIR012016/06","url":null,"abstract":"The Authors present the results of research into the planned measures to reduce CO2 emissions by local communes. The research was conducted in 2015 in 12 rural communes located in Lubelskie voivodship, which have developed Low-Carbon Econo myPlans (LCEPs). According to the research, CO2 emissions (47%) in the analyzed communes came mainly from the consumption of liquid fuels in transport (mainly transit) as well as by tractors and self-propelled agricultural machinery. The remaining causes of the emissions (53%) included the use of fossil fuels such as coal (31%), natural gas and heating oil (2% as well as electricity (20%) generated outside the area of the communes concerned. Among many various possibilities for reducing CO2 emissions identified in LCEPs the most important will be the substitution of conventional energy sources with renewable ones, including mainly biomass and solar energy.","PeriodicalId":124819,"journal":{"name":"Village and Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134033524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognoza demograficzna Polski do 2050 roku ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem obszarów wiejskich","authors":"I. Frenkel","doi":"10.7366/WIR012016/03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7366/WIR012016/03","url":null,"abstract":"The Author presents an analysis of basic assumptions and the results of the latest population projection for Poland, which has been developed by the Central Statistical Office for the period 2014-2050. The projection has been made for regions, sub-regions and poviats in division into urban and rural settlements and in a few variants depending on fertility rate, life expectancy as well as internal and external migrations. The scale of projections discussed in the article is nation-wide and focuses on urban and rural areas in the so called base scenario, i.e. the one which was assumed by experts to be the most probable for the projection period. They are followed by the Author’s estimates concerning the impact of the forecast population changes on the structure of the Polish population as relates to the main source of maintenance.","PeriodicalId":124819,"journal":{"name":"Village and Agriculture","volume":"539 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115756470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dywestycje w gospodarstwach rolnych – istota, definicje, podział","authors":"T. Wojewodzic","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.230972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.230972","url":null,"abstract":"Processes leading to reductions in the agricultural production of farms or to the abandonment of such production are becoming more and more frequently observable. Simultaneously, the process of relocation of resources is under way, which leads to the transfer of a considerable part of these resources to non-agricultural sectors of the economy. Such phenomena are being described in scientific literature as an economic collapse and bankruptcy of agricultural farms, which is unjustified in many cases. Decisions to limit production and reduce the engagement of the resources of farmers’ families in agricultural production can be seen as elements of the restructuring of specific economic entities that agricultural farms are. One of the strategic options of such restructuring can be divestments. In the presented paper efforts were launched to adapt the term “divestments” for the purposes of agricultural economics, which is indispensable to facilitate the analysis and description of processes occurring in agricultural farms. The considerations included in the paper do not cover all aspects of the problem. It is necessary to examine the scale, the course, the structure and the effectiveness of divestments in agriculture for these issues have not been described so far in any publications.","PeriodicalId":124819,"journal":{"name":"Village and Agriculture","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116105643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kierunki gospodarowania zasobem własności rolnej skarbu państwa i realizacja ustawy o kształtowaniu ustroju rolnego","authors":"W. Humięcki, B. Podgórski","doi":"10.7366/WIR032016/09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7366/WIR032016/09","url":null,"abstract":"W artykule podjeto probe przedstawienia dotychczasowych dzialan ANR w zakresie realizacji zadan ustawowych, w tym problematyki rozdysponowania nieru- chomości i ksztaltowania ustroju rolnego. Od początku dzialalności ANR trwale rozdys- ponowala 3,3 mln ha gruntow, w tym 2,7 mln ha przez sprzedaz, ktora byla dotychczas dominującą formą rozdysponowania. Przedmiotem rozdysponowania byla rowniez infra- struktura, glownie przejeta wraz z majątkiem pa nstwowych przedsiebiorstw gospodarki rolnej (PPGR). Obecnie po nowelizacji przepisow (Ustawa 2016/1) dzierzawa gruntow jest glowną formą, gdzie zaklada sie funkcjonowanie wieloletnich dzierzaw, dających mozliwośc uzytkowania gruntow bez angazowania środkow finansowych. Obecnie ten- dencje zmniejszania sie powierzchni gruntow w dzierzawie zostaly zahamowane poprzez wydzierzawienie gruntow dotychczas nierozdysponowanych i ograniczenie sprzedazy nieruchomości powyzej 2 ha. Analize zagospodarowania nieruchomości przeprowa- dzono na podstawie danych pochodzących glownie z raportow z dzialalności Agencji Nieruchomości Rolnych, opracowan wewnetrznych i dostepnej literatury przedmiotu. Zaprezentowane wyniki analizy świadczą o duzym zaangazowaniu ANR w prywatyzacje nieruchomości oraz wielu zlozonych procesach, ktore dotyczą nieruchomości Zasobu WRSP i rynku prywatnego. ----- The Authors try to evaluate the Agricultural Property Agency’s (APA’s) operations to date regarding the implementation of its statutory tasks, disposal of property and the implementation of tasks related with the formation of the agricultural system. From the very beginning of APA’s operation, 3.3 million hectares of land have been permanently allocated, of which 2.7 million hectares through sales, which was the predominant form of the property transfer. Infrastructure of state farms taken over by the Agencywas also subject to privatization. At present, after the legislative amendments (the Act of 2016) long-term lease is the leading form which enables agricultural land cultivation without engaging financial means. Currently, the tend of reducing the area granted for lease was stopped by leasing available land and limiting the sales of land, the area of which exceedes 2 ha. The analysis was based on the data of the Agricultural Property Agency’s reports, internal studies and available literature. The presented results prove the Agency’s huge involvement in the process of privatisation of agricultural property and other processes which concern state-owned property and real estate in the private market.","PeriodicalId":124819,"journal":{"name":"Village and Agriculture","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126723624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VIETNAM LABOR MARKET IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION","authors":"N. Ha","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.230465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.230465","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":124819,"journal":{"name":"Village and Agriculture","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126687513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}