Frontiers in Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Skeletal muscle microvascular hemodynamic responses during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in a Zucker Diabetic Sprague Dawley rat model of type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Gaylene M Russell McEvoy, Brenda N Wells, Meghan E Kiley, Hamza Shogan, Graham M Fraser","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1568145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1568145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We sought to measure skeletal muscle microvascular hemodynamic responses in Sprague Dawley (SD) and Zucker Diabetic Sprague Dawley (ZDSD) rat model of type 2 diabetes (T2D) at rest and during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp under resting conditions and during acute changes in local tissue oxygen concentration [(O₂)].</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male SD and ZDSD rats were fed a high-fat diet, transitioned to a high-fat high-sugar diet from 16-19 weeks old to induce T2D in the ZDSD strain, then returned to the high-fat diet until intravital video microscopy (IVVM). At 27 weeks of age animals were fasted overnight, and on the morning of the IVVM experiment animals were anaesthetized, instrumented, and mechanically ventilated. The extensor digitorum longus muscle was blunt dissected, isolated, and reflected over a glass coverslip or a gas exchange chamber (GEC) fitted in the stage of an inverted microscope. Microvascular hemodynamic responses were recorded during baseline and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp without perturbation (Protocol 1) and during sequential changes in GEC [O₂] (7%-12%-2%-7%) (Protocol 2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In protocol 1, SD rats had a significant increase in red blood cell (RBC) velocity, RBC supply rate (SR), and RBC oxygen saturation (SO₂) between baseline and euglycemia. However, ZDSD animals had no significant difference in hemodynamic responses and RBC SO₂ between baseline and during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. RBC SO₂ was significantly higher in ZDSD than SD rats at baseline. In protocol 2, ZDSD rats had significantly higher RBC SO₂ than their SD counterparts at 7% and 2% [O₂]. RBC velocity, SR and capillary hematocrit showed no change from 7% in response to increased or decreased [O₂] in either animal group. ZDSD rats had a significant increase between baseline and clamp in RBC SR at 12% as well as at 2% GEC [O₂].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SD rats had a robust increase in capillary hemodynamics during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp whereas the capillary hemodynamics in ZDSD rats did not significantly change. Additionally, SD and ZDSD rats lacked expected hemodynamic responses in response to local [O₂] changes during baseline and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. This finding suggests that hyperglycemia in T2D and high-fat feeding alter microvascular hemodynamic responses to acute changes in muscle [O₂].</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1568145"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143991059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-modal attention model integrating tongue images and descriptions: a novel intelligent TCM approach for pathological organ diagnosis.","authors":"Quan Gan, Chen Wang, Zhaoman Zhong, Jiaying Wu, Qiwei Ge, Lei Shi, Jiaqing Shang, Chuanxia Liu","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1580985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1580985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tongue diagnosis is a fundamental technique in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), where clinicians evaluate the tongue's appearance to infer the condition of pathological organs. However, most existing research on intelligent tongue diagnosis primarily focuses on analyzing tongue images, often neglecting the important descriptive text that accompanies these images. This text is an essential component of clinical diagnosis. To overcome this gap, we propose a novel Cross-Modal Pathological Organ Diagnosis Model that integrates tongue images and textual descriptions for more accurate pathological classification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our model extracts features from both the tongue images and the corresponding textual descriptions. These features are then fused using a cross-modal attention mechanism to enhance the classification of pathological organs. The cross-modal attention mechanism enables the model to effectively combine visual and textual information, addressing the limitations of using either modality alone.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We conducted experiments using a self-constructed dataset to evaluate our model's performance. The results demonstrate that our model outperforms common models regarding overall accuracy. Additionally, ablation studies, where either tongue images or textual descriptions were used alone, confirmed the significant benefit of multimodal fusion in improving diagnostic accuracy.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study introduces a new perspective on intelligent tongue diagnosis in TCM by incorporating visual and textual data. The experimental findings highlight the importance of cross-modal feature fusion for improving the accuracy of pathological diagnosis. Our approach not only contributes to the development of more effective diagnostic systems but also paves the way for future advancements in the automation of TCM diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1580985"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143990183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morning vs. evening: the role of exercise timing in enhancing fat oxidation in young men.","authors":"Hao Lan, Kaibin Wu, Chunyun Deng, Songtao Wang","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1574757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1574757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the acute effects of exercise timing (morning vs. evening) on fat oxidation and energy expenditure in young men, with a focus on interactions between exercise and meal timing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighteen male college students (23.47 ± 2.11 years) completed a randomized crossover trial under five conditions: sedentary control (SC), exercise before breakfast (EBB), exercise after breakfast (EAB), exercise before dinner (EBD), and exercise after dinner (EAD). Indirect calorimetry (COSMED K5) measured substrate utilization during exercise, post-exercise recovery (0-4 h), and the following morning. Total exercise volume (running distance) was standardized, and energy expenditure was normalized to body weight (kcal/kg).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the sedentary control test, participants showed similar trends in total energy expenditure. Dring exercise, the EBB group demonstrated significantly higher fat expenditure compared to EAB (P < 0.05), EBD (P < 0.01), and EAD (P < 0.01). Morning exercise overall exhibited superior fat oxidation (P < 0.01). Post-exercise (0-4 h), EBB sustained elevated fat utilization (P < 0.01 vs. EBD/EAD), while EAD showed enhanced fat oxidation the following morning (P < 0.01 vs. EAB).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that exercise timing may influence temporal patterns of fat oxidation, with morning fasting potentially favoring acute lipid utilization, while evening exercise appears to correlate with delayed metabolic adjustments. Although total energy expenditure remained comparable across conditions, the observed shifts in substrate allocation imply a possible circadian-sensitive modulation of energy partitioning. These preliminary observations underscore the need for further investigation to clarify the long-term physiological relevance of such timing-dependent metabolic responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1574757"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Federated learning-based multimodal approach for early detection and personalized care in cardiac disease.","authors":"Sultan Alasmari, Rayed AlGhamdi, Ghanshyam G Tejani, Sunil Kumar Sharma, Seyed Jalaleddin Mousavirad","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1563185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1563185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Heart disease remains a leading cause of mortality globally, and early detection is critical for effective treatment and management. However, current diagnostic techniques often suffer from poor accuracy due to misintegration of heterogeneous health data, limiting their clinical usefulness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To address this limitation, we propose a privacy-preserving framework based on multimodal data analysis and federated learning. Our approach integrates cardiac images, ECG signals, patient records, and nutrition data using an attention-based feature fusion model. To preserve patient data privacy and ensure scalability, we employ federated learning with locally trained Deep Neural Networks optimized using Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD-DNN). The fused feature vectors are input into the SGD-DNN for cardiac disease classification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proposed framework demonstrates high accuracy in cardiac disease detection across multiple datasets: 97.76% on Database 1, 98.43% on Database 2, and 99.12% on Database 3. These results indicate the robustness and generalizability of the model.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our framework enables early diagnosis and personalized lifestyle recommendations while maintaining strict data confidentiality. The combination of federated learning and multimodal feature fusion offers a scalable, privacy-centric solution for heart disease management, with strong potential for real-world clinical implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1563185"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations in skeletal muscle health and biomechanical properties in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: an exploratory cross-sectional study.","authors":"Brian J Andonian, Hailee Patel, Mingzhi Xu, Alyssa M Sudnick, Johanna L Johnson, William E Kraus, George A Truskey, Kim M Huffman","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1575689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1575689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Skeletal muscle disease in patients with early-stage rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is understudied. The objective of this study was to identify whether patients with early RA (symptoms <6 months) have impaired skeletal muscle health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants with early RA (n = 10) and age-, sex-, and BMI-matched healthy controls (n = 10) underwent cross-sectional clinical, physiological, and muscle biomechanical property assessments. Upper and lower extremity muscles underwent <i>in vivo</i> passive biomechanical property-tone, stiffness, and elasticity-assessments via myotonometry (MyotonPro®). <i>In vitro</i> muscle force production and stiffness were assessed using 3D bioengineered myobundles derived from myoblasts obtained from vastus lateralis muscle biopsies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite similar muscle mass and self-reported physical activity behaviors for patients with early RA and healthy controls, patients with early RA had poorer self-reported physical function, self-reported physical health, and right-hand grip strength (p < 0.05 for all). Early RA muscle tone and stiffness were lower than in controls (p < 0.05) and had an inverse association with prednisone use (rho = -0.72, p = 0.02). While 3D bioengineered myobundle force production and passive stiffness were similar to controls, early RA myobundle stiffness correlated with swollen joint count (rho = -0.67, p = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this exploratory study, patients with early RA exhibited multiple skeletal muscle deficits across clinical, physiologic, and biomechanical domains compared to controls with similar muscle mass and physical activity. <i>In vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> skeletal muscle biomechanical assessments may be useful to identify these deficits to better understand and improve RA muscle health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1575689"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Impact of low-load blood flow restriction training on knee osteoarthritis pain and muscle strength: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Qiuxiang Lin, Debiao Yu, Yuping Zhang, Xiaoting Chen, Jiawei Qin, Fuchun Wu","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1609566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1609566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1524480.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1609566"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12056368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative efficacy of different exercise types on body composition in university students: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Jihai Li, Liuhong Zang, Sihai Hao, Hui Wang","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1537937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1537937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To systematically assess the impact of various exercise modalities and dosages on the body composition of college students through a comprehensive review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a comprehensive search of relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in eight databases, covering data from the inception of each database to August 2024. Following the literature screening, two investigators independently conducted data extraction and assessed the risk of bias. Network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted using Stata 17.0 with random-effects modeling, while dose-response analysis was performed utilizing R version 4.3.1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 43 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), encompassing 3,154 participants, were included in the analysis. Aerobic exercise, combined exercise, high-intensity interval training (HIIT), mind-body exercise, and calisthenics demonstrated significant effects on reducing body mass index (BMI) compared to control groups. Surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) probability rankings indicated that calisthenics had the highest likelihood of being the most effective intervention for BMI reduction, whereas resistance exercise was associated with the lowest likelihood. The dose-response analysis revealed that the threshold exercise dose for overall exercise to lower BMI was 310 METs-min/week, with the predicted maximum significant response dose being 1,300 METs-min/week, beyond which there was minimal change in the intervention effect. Additionally, distinct nonlinear dose-response relationships were observed for aerobic exercise, combined exercise, HIIT, mind-body exercise, and aerobics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>No significant differences in the effectiveness of exercise interventions on body composition were observed across exercise types. However, based on the SUCRA analysis, calisthenics emerged as the preferred intervention, succeeded by a combination of exercises. The optimal exercise dosage for enhancing body composition was identified as 1,300 METs-min/week, with the threshold for a significant effect being relatively low.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024587032.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1537937"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced breast cancer diagnosis using modified InceptionNet-V3: a deep learning approach for ultrasound image classification.","authors":"Samia Allaoua Chelloug, Abduljabbar S Ba Mahel, Rana Alnashwan, Ahsan Rafiq, Mohammed Saleh Ali Muthanna, Ahmed Aziz","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1558001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1558001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Breast cancer (BC) is a malignant neoplasm that originates in the mammary gland's cellular structures and remains one of the most prevalent cancers among women, ranking second in cancer-related mortality after lung cancer. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial due to the heterogeneous nature of breast cancer and its rapid progression. However, manual detection and classification are often time-consuming and prone to errors, necessitating the development of automated and reliable diagnostic approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Recent advancements in deep learning have significantly improved medical image analysis, demonstrating superior predictive performance in breast cancer detection using ultrasound images. Despite these advancements, training deep learning models from scratch can be computationally expensive and data-intensive. Transfer learning, leveraging pre-trained models on large-scale datasets, offers an effective solution to mitigate these challenges. In this study, we investigate and compare multiple deep-learning models for breast cancer classification using transfer learning. The evaluated architectures include modified InceptionV3, GoogLeNet, ShuffleNet, AlexNet, VGG-16, and SqueezeNet. Additionally, we propose a deep neural network model that integrates features from modified InceptionV3 to further enhance classification performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The experimental results demonstrate that the modified InceptionV3 model achieves the highest classification accuracy of 99.10%, with a recall of 98.90%, precision of 99.00%, and an F1-score of 98.80%, outperforming all other evaluated models on the given datasets.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The achieved findings underscore the potential of the proposed approach in enhancing diagnostic precision and confirm the superiority of the modified InceptionV3 model in breast cancer classification tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1558001"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the potential of cardiac TRP channels using knockout mice models.","authors":"Kanchan Kulkarni, Richard D Walton, Sebastien Chaigne","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1585356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1585356","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1585356"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12043714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Association between basal metabolic rate and all-cause mortality in a prospective cohort of southern Chinese adults.","authors":"Fengyu Han, Feng Hu, Tao Wang, Wei Zhou, Linjuan Zhu, Xiao Huang, Huihui Bao, Xiaoshu Cheng","doi":"10.3389/fphys.2025.1594299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1594299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.790347.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12477,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Physiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1594299"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12044196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}