Frontiers in Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Identification of virus-rich intermediate cells as crucial players in SARS-CoV-2 infection and differentiation dynamics of human airway epithelium.","authors":"Mi Il Kim, Choongho Lee","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1507852","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1507852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the early interactions between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and human airway epithelial cells is essential for unraveling viral replication and spread mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the early dynamics of airway epithelial cells during SARS-CoV-2 infection using well-differentiated human nasal and tracheal epithelial cell cultures by incorporating three publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing datasets. We identified a previously uncharacterized cell population, termed virus-rich intermediate (VRI) cells, representing an intermediate differentiation stage between basal and ciliated cells. These VRI cells exhibited high viral loads at all infection time points, strong interferon and inflammatory responses, increased mRNA expression of microvilli-related genes (PAK1, PAK4, VIL1), and suppression of apoptosis markers (BAX, CASP3) alongside increased anti-apoptotic gene expression (BCL2). Cell-cell interaction analysis revealed that VRI cells send signals to basal cells via receptor-ligand pathways such as EPHA and VEGF, likely promoting basal cell differentiation and proliferation through MAPK signaling. These findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 utilizes VRI cells as a primary site for replication and spread, leveraging these cells' unique differentiation state to evade host cell death and facilitate viral propagation. This study provides insights into the early cellular responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and highlights potential therapeutic targets to limit viral spread.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1507852"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of gradient variable temperature fermentation on the quality of cigar tobacco leaves.","authors":"Qianying Zhang, Yang Huang, Hongyue An, Shuanghong Yang, Jinshan Lei, Yue Wang, Pinhe Li, Hongfei Zhang, Wen Cai, Yun Jia, Yongqiang Pang, Dongliang Li","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1433656","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1433656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In order to enhance the quality of cigar tobacco leaves (CTLs), a gradient variable temperature fermentation approach was employed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The temperature gradient demonstrated a gradual increase from low temperature (35 ± 2°C) to moderate temperature (45 ± 2°C), and then to high temperature (55 ± 2°C). Each temperature gradient underwent a 10-day fermentation process, resulting in a total duration of 30 days. Changes in sensory evaluation, chemical composition, and bacterial absolute quantitative structure and function were examined throughout the process of gradient variable temperature fermentation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to constant temperature fermentation, gradient variable temperature fermentation improved the sensory quality of CTLs, reduced total sugar and cembrane degradation products, and increased the amino acid contents. It resulted in significant changes in bacterial quantity and function of CTLs, but had no significant effects on the richness and diversity of bacterial communities. The results of correlation analyses showed that sensory quality had significant correlation with chemical composition, which effected by predominant microbes. The gradient variable temperature fermentation process underwent a three-phase model to characterize the alterations of CTLs. Phase I (35°C) was the microbial stage, during which there was a significant decrease in both the total number and function of microorganisms. The dominant genera shifted from <i>Acinetobacter</i> to <i>Staphylococcus</i> and <i>Corynebacterium</i>, and with high reducing sugar, polyphenol compound and low sensory score. Phase II (45°C) marked a chemical stage, with an enhancement in sensory evaluation. A total of 17 chemicals significantly decreased and six increased, and the decline of microbial populations persisted. The enhanced relative abundances of four microecological hubs, namely <i>Staphylococcus</i>, <i>Corynebacterium</i>, <i>Oceanobacillus</i>, and <i>Bacillus</i>, had the potential to produce protease and lipase to the production of peptides, amino acids, and organic acid, catabolizing sugars and polyphenol compounds, through carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism, resulted an increase in sensory quality of CTLs. Phase III (55°C) indicated a relative mature stage with the highest score of sensory evaluation. Eight compositions from plamochromic pigments and polyphenol compounds exhibited gradual decreases, while relative contents of carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The gradient variable temperature fermentation had demonstrated a significant positive influence on the quality of CTL by providing optimal fermentation temperature for microbial growth, metabolism, and the generation of quality-related chemical compositions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1433656"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672604/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlled interkingdom cell-cell communication between <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> using quorum-sensing peptides.","authors":"Tomislav Vološen, Uta Gutbier, Ramón Korn, Juliane Korp, Tobias Göttsche, Linda Schuster, Carolin Pohl, Cindy Rau, Diana Wolf, Kai Ostermann","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1477298","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1477298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding communication among microorganisms through the array of signal molecules and establishing controlled signal transfer between different species is a major goal of the future of biotechnology, and controlled multispecies bioreactor cultivations will open a wide range of applications. In this study, we used two quorum-sensing peptides from <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> - namely, the competence and sporulation factor (CSF) and <i>regulator of the activity of phosphatase RapF</i> (PhrF)-to establish a controlled interkingdom communication system between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. For this purpose, we engineered <i>B. subtilis</i> as a reporter capable of detecting the CSF and PhrF peptides heterologously produced by the yeast <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>. The reporter strain included the ComA-dependent <i>srfAA</i> promoter fused to the bioluminescence or fluorescence reporter gene(s) to monitor promoter activity measured in a multimode microplate reader. The first measurements of <i>srfAA</i> promoter activity showed a specific response of the reporter strain to the peptides CSF and PhrF. Based on this, systematic mutagenesis of genes that modulate the activity of ComA in the reporter strain resulted in increased activity of the promoter and, thereby, higher sensitivity to the heterologously produced CSF/PhrF. The robustness of the signal transfer was further confirmed in co-cultivation studies in both liquid and solid media. The reporter strain exhibited an up to 5-fold increase in promoter activity in the presence of quorum-sensing peptides-producing cells of <i>S. cerevisiae</i>. In summary, a quorum sensing peptide-driven interkingdom crosstalk between yeast and bacteria was successfully established, which might serve as a basis for controlled protein expression in co-cultivations, establishing biological sensor-actuator systems or study cell-cell interaction and metabolite exchange in bioreactors cultivations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1477298"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11669912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142893295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome mining and biosynthetic pathways of marine-derived fungal bioactive natural products.","authors":"Caihua Han, Anjing Song, Yueying He, Liu Yang, Litong Chen, Wei Dai, Qilin Wu, Siwen Yuan","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1520446","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1520446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Marine fungal natural products (MFNPs) are a vital source of pharmaceuticals, primarily synthesized by relevant biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). However, many of these BGCs remain silent under standard laboratory culture conditions, delaying the development of novel drugs from MFNPs to some extent. This review highlights recent efforts in genome mining and biosynthetic pathways of bioactive natural products from marine fungi, focusing on methods such as bioinformatics analysis, gene knockout, and heterologous expression to identify relevant BGCs and elucidate the biosynthetic pathways and enzyme functions of MFNPs. The research efforts presented in this review provide essential insights for future gene-guided mining and biosynthetic pathway analysis in MFNPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1520446"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11669671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142893347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological relevance, localization and substrate specificity of the alternative (type II) mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenases of <i>Ogataea parapolymorpha</i>.","authors":"Hannes Juergens, Álvaro Mielgo-Gómez, Albert Godoy-Hernández, Jolanda Ter Horst, Janine M Nijenhuis, Duncan G G McMillan, Robert Mans","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1473869","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1473869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondria from <i>Ogataea parapolymorpha</i> harbor a branched electron-transport chain containing a proton-pumping Complex I NADH dehydrogenase and three Type II NADH dehydrogenases (NDH-2). To investigate the physiological role, localization and substrate specificity of these enzymes, the growth of various NADH dehydrogenase knockout mutants was quantitatively characterized in shake-flask and chemostat cultures, followed by oxygen-uptake experiments with isolated mitochondria. NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreduction of the three NDH-2 were individually assessed. Our findings reveal that the <i>O. parapolymorpha</i> respiratory chain contains an internal NADH-accepting NDH-2 (Ndh2-1/OpNdi1), at least one external NAD(P)H-accepting enzyme, and likely additional mechanisms for respiration-linked oxidation of cytosolic NADH. Metabolic regulation appears to prevent competition between OpNdi1 and Complex I for mitochondrial NADH. With the exception of OpNdi1, the respiratory chain of <i>O. parapolymorpha</i> exhibits metabolic redundancy and tolerates deletion of multiple NADH-dehydrogenase genes without compromising fully respiratory metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1473869"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11670749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142893380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of osthole and <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> on the physiological growth of <i>Panax quinquefolius</i> in a forest.","authors":"Jinhui Jiang, Guangxiong Fan, Rong Wen, Tao Liu, Shuran He, Shengchao Yang, Shuhui Zi","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1497987","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1497987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The biological activities of osthole have been widely reported in recent years. However, few studies have been conducted on osthole in agriculture, and its effects on plant growth have little been reported.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three experimental treatments were set up in this experiment: blank control (CK), osthole (CLS), and <i>B. amyloliquefaciens</i> (LKWS). In this study, the effects of osthole and <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> on the growth parameters, photosynthesis, antioxidant enzyme activities, disease incidence, and microbiome of forested <i>P. quinquefolius</i> were tested.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study demonstrates that the use of osthole and <i>B. amyloliquefaciens</i> significantly improved the growth of <i>Panax quinquefolius</i> in a forest compared to that in the control treatment, increased the total chlorophyll and carotenoid content of <i>P. quinquefolius</i>, significantly increased its net photosynthetic rate, and decreased the stomatal conductance and intercellular CO₂ levels. In addition, the use of osthole and <i>B. amyloliquefaciens</i> significantly improved ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase (POD) activities, enhanced antioxidant activities of the <i>P. quinquefolius</i> POD, and reduced the disease incidence and index of American ginseng anthracnose. Based on the American ginseng microbiome analysis, the use of osthole and <i>B. amyloliquefaciens</i> could change the structure of the American ginseng microbial community, significantly increase the diversity of American ginseng bacteria, significantly decrease the diversity of American ginseng fungi, stimulate the recruitment of more growth-promoting microorganisms to American ginseng, and build a more stable microbial network in American ginseng.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In conclusion, we found that the application of osthole had a positive effect on the growth of American ginseng, providing a theoretical basis for its subsequent application in agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1497987"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11670745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142893435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endophytic fungi: nature's solution for antimicrobial resistance and sustainable agriculture.","authors":"Asiya Nazir, Abdul R Puthuveettil, Fathima Hasnain Nadeem Hussain, Khalid E Hamed, Nayla Munawar","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1461504","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1461504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has underlined the need for a sustained supply of novel antimicrobial agents. Endophyte microorganism that reside within plant tissues as symbionts have been the source of potential antimicrobial substances. However, many novel and potent antimicrobials are yet to be discovered from these endophytes. The present study investigates the potential of endophytic fungi as a source of novel bioactive chemicals with antibacterial capabilities. These fungi synthesize secondary metabolites such as polyketides and peptides via polyketide synthase (PKS) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) pathways. Notable substances, like prenylated indole alkaloids and fumaric acid, have shown promising antibacterial and antifungal properties against multidrug-resistant infectious agents. This review also emphasizes the symbiotic link between endophytes and their host plants, which is critical for secondary metabolite production. The study focuses on the significance of isolation methods for endophytes and proposes their use in for sustainable agriculture, bioremediation, and medicine. Future research combining endophytic biodiversity analysis with next-generation sequencing (NGS) and nanotechnology could provide novel techniques for combating AMR and contributing to sustainability across multiple industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1461504"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11669676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142893436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Root-associated microbial diversity and metabolomics in maize resistance to stalk rot.","authors":"Liming Wang, Jiao Jia, Qianfu Su, Hongzhe Cao, Shiqi Jia, Helong Si, Zhiyan Cao, Shujie Ma, Jihong Xing, Kang Zhang, Jingao Dong","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1468627","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1468627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As one of the three major food crops in the world, maize plays a significant role in alleviating the food crisis. Maize stalk rot can reduce maize yield and mechanical harvesting efficiency. In addition, mycotoxins such as Deoxynivalenol (DON) and Zearalenone (ZEN) produced by maize stalk rot pathogens can also harm livestock and human health. Maize stalk rot is an infection of the whole growth period, and there are no effective control measures at present. Therefore, it is of great significant to study the pathogenesis and control mechanism of stalk rot from multiple perspectives. In the present study, root and rhizosphere soil of disease-resistant inbred line Y853 and disease-susceptible inbred line Q478 were collected at the dough stage (R4) and maturity stage (R6) of maize, respectively. The effects of resistant/susceptible inbred line on soil microorganisms were analyzed by amplicon sequences and metabolomics. The results showed that there was different microbial community composition from different inbred lines in different growth stages. Specifically, the abundance of <i>Arthrobacter</i>, <i>Streptomyces</i> and <i>Bacillus</i> in R4 rhizosphere soil was higher than that of R6, while the rhizosphere fungal composition of LR853 was significantly different from that of the other three compartments. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that the pathogen <i>Fusarium</i> had the highest degree centrality and closeness centrality in the DR478. Moreover, metabolomics analysis showed that four main metabolic pathways were significantly enriched, and 15 metabolites were upgrade in resistant inbred line. Furthermore, microbes, especially fungi, also were related to these 15 metabolites. Our results revealed that maize resistance to stalk rot is closely related to root-associated microbiota and rhizospheric metabolites, which would be a new perspective of phytopathogenic biocontrol.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1468627"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11669678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142893427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aloe-emodin plus TIENAM ameliorate cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis in mice by attenuating inflammation and modulating microbiota.","authors":"Jingqian Su, Xiaohui Deng, Shan Hu, Xinrui Lin, Lian Xie, Hui Ye, Congfan Lin, Fen Zhou, Shun Wu, Liling Zheng","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1491169","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1491169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the high sepsis-associated mortality, effective and specific treatments remain limited. Using conventional antibiotics as TIENAM (imipenem and cilastatin sodium for injection, TIE) is challenging due to increasing bacterial resistance, diminishing their efficacy and leading to adverse effects. We previously found that aloe-emodin (AE) exerts therapeutic effects on sepsis by reducing systemic inflammation and regulating the gut microbiota. Here, we investigated whether administering AE and TIE post-sepsis onset, using a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis model, extends survival and improves physiological functions. Survival rates, inflammatory cytokines, tissue damage, immune cell populations, ascitic fluid microbiota, and key signaling pathways were assessed. Combining AE and TIE significantly enhanced survival rates, and reduced inflammation and bacterial load in septic mice, indicating potent antimicrobial properties. Moreover, substantial improvements in survival rates of AE + TIE-treated mice (10% to 60%) within 168 h were observed relative to the CLP group. This combination therapy also effectively modulated inflammatory marker (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α) levels and immune cell counts by decreasing those of B, NK, and TNFR2+ T_reg cells, while increasing that of CD8+ T cells; alleviated tissue damage; reduced bacterial load in the peritoneal cavity; and suppressed the NF-κB signaling pathway. We also observed a significantly altered peritoneal cavity microbiota composition post-treatment, characterized by reduced pathogenic bacteria (<i>Bacteroides</i>) abundance. Our findings underscore the potential of AE + TIE in treating sepsis, and encourage further research and possible clinical implementations to surmount the limitations of TIE and amplify the therapeutic potential of AE.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1491169"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11669710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142893110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Exploring the effects of human activities and climate change on soil microorganisms in grasslands.","authors":"Shiming Tang, Paul Christiaan Struik, Jie Ren, Chengjie Wang, Ke Jin","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1515648","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1515648","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1515648"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11669692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142893334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}