Frontiers in Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Symbiotic bacteria associated with different species of <i>Curculio</i> (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and their host plants.","authors":"Yingshan Liu, Yue Ying, Yan Li, Wei Zhang, Jinping Shu","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1531847","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1531847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacteria often play important roles in the host adaptation of phytophagous insects. Beetles of the genus <i>Curculio</i> (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) include pest species that bore into the seeds of trees in the family Fagaceae and damage the cotyledons. At present, there are few studies of the taxonomic diversity and functional effects of symbiotic bacteria involved in changes in host ranges and host adaptation of <i>Curculio</i>. Here, we used 16S rRNA gene Illumina and metagenomic sequencing to compare the composition and functions of the bacterial communities of three species of host plants and several <i>Curculio</i> species combinations: <i>Curculio bimaculatus</i> feeding on <i>Castanopsis sclerophylla</i>, <i>C. bimaculatus</i> feeding on <i>Castanopsis tibetana</i>, and <i>Curculio davidi</i> feeding on <i>Ca. tibetana</i>. The host plants influenced the diversity of symbiotic bacteria, while the <i>Curculio</i> species influenced the community structure of the symbiotic bacteria. Functional predictions showed that symbiotic bacteria contributed to the metabolism of the hosts. However, consistent with the variation in bacteria, the major metabolism-related bacterial genera varied among the treatment groups. Comparisons of metabolic enzymes based on KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) annotation revealed differences in the enzymes involved in insect development and detoxification of plant secondary compounds among the three groups, and the patterns were influenced by the dominance of the <i>Curculio</i> species on the host plants. This study provides valuable insights into the possible role of symbiotic bacteria in <i>Curculio</i> as host insects.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1531847"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11952766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic detection of protozoan parasites on leafy greens aided by a rapid and efficient DNA extraction protocol.","authors":"Sohail Naushad, Ruimin Gao, Marc-Olivier Duceppe, Andree Ann Dupras, Sarah J Reiling, Harriet Merks, Brent Dixon, Dele Ogunremi","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1566579","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1566579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Infections with protozoan parasites associated with the consumption of fresh produce is an on-going issue in developed countries but mitigating the risk is hampered by the lack of adequate methods for their detection and identification.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We developed a metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) assay using a MinION sequencer for the identification of parasites in intentionally contaminated lettuce to achieve a more accurate and rapid method than the traditional molecular and microscopy methods commonly used for regulatory purposes. Lettuce (25 g) was spiked with varying numbers of <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> oocysts, and microbes washed from the surface of the lettuce were lysed using the OmniLyse device. DNA was then extracted by acetate precipitation, followed by whole genome amplification. The amplified DNA was sequenced by nanopore technology and validated with the Ion Gene Studio S5, and the generated fastq files raw reads were uploaded to the CosmosID webserver for the bioinformatic identification of microbes in the metagenome. To demonstrate the ability of the procedure to distinguish other common food and waterborne protozoan parasites, lettuce was also spiked with <i>C. hominis, C. muris, Giardia duodenalis</i> and <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> individually or together.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The efficient lysis of oocysts and cysts was a prerequisite for the sensitive detection of parasite DNA and was rapidly achieved within 3 min. Amplification of extracted DNA led to the generation of 0.16-8.25 μg of DNA (median = 4.10 μg), sufficient to perform mNGS. Nanopore sequencing followed by bioinformatic analysis led to the consistent identification of as few as 100 oocysts of <i>C. parvum</i> in 25 g of fresh lettuce. Similar results were obtained using the Ion S5 sequencing platform. The assay proved useful for the simultaneous detection of <i>C. parvum, C. hominis, C. muris, G. duodenalis</i> and <i>T. gondii</i>.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our metagenomic procedure led to the identification of <i>C. parvum</i> present on lettuce at low numbers and successfully identified and differentiated other protozoa either of the same genus or of different genera. This novel mNGS assay has the potential for application as a single universal test for the detection of foodborne parasites, and the subtyping of parasites for foodborne outbreak investigations and surveillance studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1566579"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the multifunctionality of myco-synthesized selenium nanoparticles: biological, docking study and plant growth-promoting perspectives.","authors":"Hana Sonbol, Eman Zakaria Ahmed, Eslam T Mohamed, Asmaa F Abdelmonem, Heba El-Sayed","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1565907","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1565907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selenium is a vital trace mineral that regulates essential physiological functions, and the development of sustainable methods for synthesizing selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) is an active area of research. This study reported the mycosynthesis of SeNPs using the aqueous extract of the edible mushroom <i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i>. The synthesized SeNPs were characterized using various analytical techniques, including UV-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results revealed that the SeNPs exhibited spherical morphology with a diameter range of 72-148 nm, moderate stability with a zeta potential of -10.5 mV, and a polydispersity index of 0.27. The myco-synthesized SeNPs demonstrated potent antioxidant activity with a DPPH radical scavenging IC₅₀ value of 662.1 ± 1.05 μg/mL, comparable to the standard antioxidant Trolox (IC₅₀ = 24.42 ± 0.87 μM). Furthermore, SeNPs exhibited considerable antimicrobial efficacy against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (17 ± 0.02 mm inhibition zone), followed by <i>Escherichia coli</i> (16 ± 1.04 mm) and <i>Candida albicans</i> (12 ± 0.3 mm). Additionally, SeNPs displayed moderate antiviral activity against a low-pathogenic coronavirus (229E) strain, with a selectivity index (SI) of 5. In agriculture, the application of SeNPs at 10 μM significantly increased primary metabolite production in wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>), with total soluble sugars reaching 54.32 mg/g and soluble proteins increasing to 139.66 mg/g, promoting both shoot and root growth. The comprehensive characterization and evaluation of SeNPs provide valuable insights into their multifunctionality, paving the way for further exploration in medicine, agriculture, and environmental applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1565907"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11952769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota community and metabolic profiles in direct total cavopulmonary connection and Fontan circulation: a cross-sectional study in the single center.","authors":"Kaiyu Wang, Linjiang Han, Jianrui Ma, Yushen Fang, Yinru He, Xiaobing Liu, Shusheng Wen, Jian Zhuang, Haiyun Yuan","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1539046","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1539046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the direct total cavopulmonary connection (dTCPC) procedure on the gut microbiome and metabolome. It also sought to elucidate the features of the gut microbiota community and metabolic profiles in Fontan circulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We randomly recruited 45 participants above 14 years old undergoing Fontan procedure by typical extracardiac conduit (TCPC group, <i>n</i> = 15), direct total cavopulmonary connection (dTCPC group, <i>n</i> = 16) procedure and healthy control (control group, <i>n</i> = 14) in our institution between May 2023 and October 2023. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and untargeted metabolites measurement were performed on their fecal sample.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The four alpha diversity indexes showed no statistical significance between the dTCPC and TCPC groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) followed by permutation testing indicated an overfitting effect in the model between the dTCPC and TCPC groups. We observed significant differences in the Chao1 index (<i>p</i> = 0.0236), the ACE index (<i>p</i> = 0.0236), and the unweighted beta diversity (<i>p</i> = 0.0099) between the Fontan group and healthy control group. Strains of <i>Fusobacterium</i> were significantly overrepresented in the Fontan group [with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) scores exceeding (log10) >3]. Functional enrichment analysis revealed a significant overrepresentation of several metabolic pathways. These pathways predominantly included those related to amino acid metabolism, such as histidine metabolism, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, and cysteine and methionine metabolism. Additionally, the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids was also notably enriched.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The dTCPC procedure demonstrated similar gut microbiota composition and metabolic profiles to the traditional ECC procedure in Fontan patients. Notably, the increased abundance of <i>Fusobacterium</i>, reduced microbial biodiversity, and altered metabolic profiles of amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids in the alimentary canal may serve as distinctive characteristics of patients who have undergone Fontan circulation. These findings provide valuable insights into the long-term physiological consequences of Fontan procedure and may inform future clinical management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1539046"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11952763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human papillomavirus self-sampling in Asia: a systematic review.","authors":"Xuechao Ji, Menglin Hao, Yixiao Wang, Wenzhi Kong, Zangyu Pan, Qi Sun, Jinwei Miao","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1540609","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1540609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling may be an accurate and effective alternative sampling method to conventional cervical cancer screening methods. This systematic review compares the accuracy and acceptance of self-sampling to clinician sampling for HPV testing in Asia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, and Web of Science databases were searched for publications published from the establishment of the database to 2023. The risk of bias was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool for studies included in this review. All studies evaluating the accuracy and acceptance of HPV self-sampling, and agreement of self- and clinician-collected samples in Asia were included. The accuracy of each study was demonstrated through the sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or cancer, as well as the detection rate of HPV. The agreement between the two sampling methods was assessed based on the detection outcomes of HPV. Acceptance was indicated by women's preferences for HPV self-sampling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-seven studies including 117,279 adult, female participants were included in this review. The type of HPV screening, other intervention components, study design, sample size, follow-up period, analysis method, numerical outcomes, results, and limitations were extracted from each study. The sensitivity and specificity of HPV self-sampling in detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were higher than 80% and 70%, consistent with the results of HPV clinician sampling. The consistency between self-sampling and clinician-sampling was high in most studies, and the kappa value was more than 0.7. Women had high acceptance of self-sampling but expressed some concerns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Self-sampling for HPV testing can significantly improve cervical cancer screening coverage, especially in areas with limited medical resources or reluctance to accept physician sampling. In most studies, the accuracy and acceptance of HPV self-sampling was comparable to clinician sampling. However, the diagnostic criteria and HPV detection methods still need to be adjusted due to the low sensitivity of HPV self-sampling in some studies in China and India. Targeted health education should be carried out to improve the acceptance of HPV self-sampling in women.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://inplasy.com/?s=INPLASY202520107, INPLASY202520107.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1540609"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Diurnal temperature variation in surface soils: an underappreciated control on microbial processes.","authors":"","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1586779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1586779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1423984.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1586779"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial etiology and antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Teshiwal Deress, Gizeaddis Belay, Getahun Ayenew, Worku Ferede, Minichil Worku, Tigist Feleke, Solomon Belay, Meseret Mulu, Asefa Adimasu Taddese, Tegegne Eshetu, Mebratu Tamir, Michael Getie","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1518051","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1518051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bacterial bloodstream infections are a major global health concern, particularly in resource-limited settings including Ethiopia. There is a lack of updated and comprehensive data that integrates microbiological data and clinical findings. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize bacterial profiles, antimicrobial susceptibility, and associated factors in patients suspected of bloodstream infections at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study analyzed electronic records from January 2019 to December 2021. Sociodemographic, clinical, and blood culture data were analyzed. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were employed to identify factors associated with bloodstream infections. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage were computed. Furthermore, a binary and multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to determine the relationship between BSI and associated factors. Variables with <i>p</i>-values of <0.05 from the multivariable logistic regression were used to show the presence of statistically significant associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4,727 patients' records were included in the study. Among these, 14.8% (701/4,727) were bacterial bloodstream infections, with Gram-negative bacteria accounting for 63.5% (445/701) of cases. The most common bacteria were <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (29.0%), <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (23.5%), and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (8.4%). The study revealed a high resistance level to several antibiotics, with approximately 60.9% of the isolates demonstrating multidrug resistance. <i>Klebsiella oxytoca</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, and <i>Escherichia coli</i> exhibited high levels of multidrug resistance. The study identified emergency OPD [AOR = 3.2; (95% CI: 1.50-6.74)], oncology ward [AOR = 3.0; (95% CI: 1.21-7.17)], and surgical ward [AOR = 3.3; (95% CI: 1.27-8.43)] as factors associated with increased susceptibility to bloodstream infections.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The overall prevalence of bacterial isolates was high with concerning levels of multi-drug resistance. The study identified significant associations between bloodstream infections with age groups and presentation in specific clinical settings, such as the emergency OPD, oncology ward, and surgical ward. Strict regulation of antibiotic stewardship and the implementation of effective infection control programs should be enforced.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1518051"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of total flavonoids from <i>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</i> residue by response surface methodology and evaluation of its algicidal properties.","authors":"Jie Cheng, Long Tan, Yucai Wang, Mengwei Gao, Feifei Liu, Qi Wang, Chengshuai Xu, Chaobo Zhang, Wei Xu, Yuyong Hou, Tong Jiang, Lei Zhao","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1540631","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1540631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</i> residue has attracted increasing attention owing to its antibacterial effect, which presents potential as novel antimicrobial agents for the management of algal blooms. In this study, the ability of <i>Z. bungeanum</i> residue extract to control algal blooms has been firstly verified. Then, the response surface methodology was employed to optimize flavonoids yield, the primary antimicrobial component in extract, and the underlying photosynthetic inhibition mechanisms of extract on <i>Tetrodesmus obliquus</i> was investigated. Results showed that the highest yield of total flavonoids was increased to 4.08% when the extraction conditions were a liquid-to-solid ratio of 10:1, ethanol concentration of 60%, extraction temperature of 80°C, and extraction time of 30 min. Meanwhile, treatment with <i>Z. bungeanum</i> residue extract at doses of 40.0 mg/L significantly decreased the Fv/Fm and PIabs values of <i>T. obliquus</i> by 24.36 and 88.87% at 50 h, respectively. The added extract induced damage at multiple levels of physiological and biochemical processes in algal cells, including reduced electron transport capability, disrupted energy transfer in photosystem II, disruption of OEC structure, and altered energy distribution in PSII reaction center. To our knowledge, this study was the first verification of <i>Z. bungeanum</i> residue's algicidal potential, and these findings in our study contribute to a deeper understanding of the allelopathic mechanisms of <i>Z. bungeanum</i> residue extract and offer valuable insights for the management of algal blooms.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1540631"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A duplex one-step recombinase aided PCR assay for the rapid and sensitive detection of the isoniazid resistance genes katG and inhA in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>.","authors":"Zhiqiang Han, Xichao Ou, Ruiqing Zhang, Xiaona Lv, Yuxin Wang, Hongyi Li, Xinxin Shen, Xuejun Ma, Yanqing Tie","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1548965","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1548965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Drug resistance in tuberculosis seriously affects the eradication of tuberculosis, and isoniazid resistance is the second most commonly observed drug resistance in patients with tuberculosis. Timely and accurate detection of isoniazid resistance is critical to the treatment of tuberculosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A duplex one-step recombinase-aided PCR (DO-RAP) assay was developed for the rapid and sensitive detection of the katG Ser315Thr and inhA-15 (C-T) mutations in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>, which are the most common isoniazid-resistant mutations. Quantitative recombinant plasmids were used to evaluate the sensitivity of DO-RAP, and 91 <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> strains with different genotypes, as well as 5 common respiratory tract bacteria, were used to evaluate the specificity of DO-RAP. A total of 78 sputum specimens were simultaneously detected using DO-RAP, quantitative PCR (qPCR) and sanger sequencing of nested PCR products. Sanger sequencing results were used as the standard to verify the clinical performance of DO-RAP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The reaction time of DO-RAP was less than 1 h. The sensitivity of DO-RAP was 2 copies/reaction, which was 10 times higher than qPCR. The sensitivity of DO-RAP for detecting heterogenous resistance was 5%. There was no cross-reactivity between the isoniazid wild-type gene, drug-resistant mutant genes, and other common respiratory tract bacteria. Compared with Sanger sequencing, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of DO-RAP were all 100%. There were 7 specimens with gray zone or negative qPCR results but positive DO-RAP test results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DO-RAP can be adopted in ordinary qPCR equipment for the rapid, highly sensitive and specific detection of the isoniazid resistance genes of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1548965"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11965886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in the application and research of baculovirus vector vaccines for respiratory diseases in human.","authors":"Jinghua Yuan, Jingyu Chen, Qingzhi Zhao, Jialu Xu, Xianwei Li, Yijie Zhang, Hairun Li, Xintong Chen, Ling Zhao, Xiaofen Zhang, Hongyu Li, Keda Chen","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1558482","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1558482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid spread of respiratory diseases, such as influenza, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), poses significant challenges to global public health systems. Vaccination remains the most effective strategy to mitigate these threats. Baculovirus Expression Vector Systems (BEVS) have emerged as a promising platform for vaccine development, addressing key limitations of traditional methods, including complex production processes, lengthy timelines, and high costs. BEVS offers distinct advantages, such as enhanced efficacy, safety, cost-effectiveness, and scalability for large-scale manufacturing. This review highlights the application of BEVS in combating respiratory diseases by analyzing preclinical studies, clinical trials, and approved vaccines targeting these pathogens. It also examines recent advancements in BEVS technology, emphasizing its capacity to accelerate vaccine development and respond to emerging respiratory threats. By focusing on the synergy between BEVS and respiratory disease prevention, this review provides valuable insights to guide global vaccine innovation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1558482"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11965921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}