Frontiers in Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Unraveling the source of corrosive microorganisms from fracturing water to flowback water in shale gas field: evidence from gene sequencing and corrosion tests.","authors":"Yanran Wang, Shaomu Wen, Shibo Zhang, Yongfan Tang, Xi Yuan, Fang Guan, Jizhou Duan","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1552006","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1552006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As an insidious and often underestimated phenomenon, microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) poses a significant threat to the integrity and longevity of oil and gas pipelines. However, the complex corrosive microorganisms, that might induce MIC in underground pipelines, might be introduced by the fracturing water during the production period, or they may also exist in the native corrosive microbial community underground. In this study, microbial community analysis was conducted to unravel the source of corrosive microbes in oil and gas pipelines. Meanwhile, the corrosion rate caused by the fracturing water and the flowback water on steel were studied via combining electrochemical analysis and weight loss analysis. Three types of fracturing fluids and the flowback water were analyzed based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Bacteria with multiple metabolic functions, including sulfate-reducing bacteria, acid producing bacteria, petroleum oil-degrading bacteria, and nitrate-reducing bacteria, were found in the flowback water. Comparative analysis on the fracturing fluids and the flowback water showed that corrosive <i>Thermodesulfobacterium</i> and <i>DesulfobacterSota</i> originated from the underground rocks. While other microorganisms such as <i>Desulfomicrobium</i>, <i>Acinetobacter</i> and <i>Acetobacterium</i> may be introduced via the fracturing water. The weight loss of steel coupons in fracturing and flowback water were 35.04±7.57 mpy and 28.07±4.49 mpy, respectively. The corrosion weight caused by the fracturing water may accounts for 75.16% of the whole corrosion during the 5 days' immersion under laboratory conditions. The results provide a reference for tracing the sources of corrosive microorganisms and controlling microbially induced corrosion in shale gas resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1552006"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12213509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon chain elongation microorganism stimulates caproate production from ethanol and acetate under applied voltage regulation.","authors":"Jing Li, Xing Luo, He Liu, Xuedong Zhang, Hao Tan, Xiaolong Xiong","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1597990","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1597990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbon chain elongation has been an innovative process for the synthesis of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs). Among them, caproate is a vital multi-functional one. To enhance the synthesis efficiency of caproate, the growth conditions of carbon chain elongation microorganisms need to optimize to develop an ideal niche, ultimately enhancing the production of caproate. In this study, the microbial enrichment of carbon chain elongation was obtained and the optimal system of carbon chain elongation was constructed. The optimal condition for carbon chain elongation was achieved at a pH of 7.00, an ethanol/acetic acid carbon molar ratio of 4:1, and a voltage of 0.7 V. The result showed that the concentration of caproate in the optimal group increased by 83.09% in comparison to the control group. Subsequently, compared with the initial microbial community structure, the relative abundance of microorganisms changed greatly in the optimal system, including <i>Clostridium_sensu_stricto_12</i>, <i>Christensenellaceae_R-7_group</i>, <i>Anaerofilum</i>, <i>Clostridium_sensu_stricto_7</i>, and <i>Intestinimonas</i>. Additionally, functional prediction analysis revealed that the optimal system enhanced amino acid metabolism (alanine, aspartate, and glutamate), carbon metabolism (CoA biosynthesis), and energy metabolism by 33.66, 30.42, and 17.05%, respectively. Besides, both the fatty acid biosynthesis (FAB) and reverse <i>β</i> oxidation (RBO) pathways were enhanced in optimal system. This study elucidates a novel mechanistic insight into the efficient microbial synthesis of caproate through carbon chain elongation pathways, demonstrating how applied voltage regulation can significantly enhance the bioproduction of MCFAs from simple substrates such as ethanol and acetate. Furthermore, this work presents a sustainable and energy-efficient strategy for caproate production, reducing reliance on fossil-derived precursors.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1597990"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12213838/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Similarity of drinking water biofilm microbiome despite diverse planktonic water community and quality.","authors":"Frances C Slater, Katherine E Fish, Joby B Boxall","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1567992","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1567992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The impact of drinking water quality, in particular the planktonic microbiome, on the bacterial and fungal community composition of biofilms in drinking water infrastructure is explored. Understanding drinking water biofilms is critical as biofilms can degrade water quality and potentially present a public health risk if pathogens are released. Biofilms were developed for 12 months in three state-of-the-art pipe loop facilities installed at water treatment works and hence supplied by distinct treated drinking water and unique planktonic bacterial and fungal microbiomes. Each pipe loop had identical physical conditions, including pipe diameter, material and hydraulic regime (shear stress and turbulence). Despite the different bulk-waters, the bacterial and fungal community composition of the biofilm within each loop were remarkably similar, although in different quantities. The similarity between the biofilms from unique systems, with significantly different planktonic microbiomes, suggests shared selective pressures across the different sites which are independent of the varying water qualities, including planktonic community. This suggests that taking a global view of biofilm microbiome management is potentially feasible and that approaches controlling material or hydraulics may be best way to do this.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1567992"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12213642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Microclimate shapes the phylosymbiosis of rodent gut microbiota in Jordan's Great Rift Valley.","authors":"Enas Al-Khlifeh, Sanaz Khadem, Bela Hausmann, David Berry","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1639190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1639190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1258775.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1639190"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12219271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compounds from <i>Cyclocarya paliurus</i> leaves inhibit binary division of methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> by disrupting FtsZ dynamic.","authors":"Wenlong Chen, Shuixian Zhang, Chunxu Huang, Zhiming Hu, Ting Cao, Jun Mou, Xinxia Gu, Meiling Sun, Jie Liu","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1622623","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1622623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The escalating threat of methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) necessitates novel therapeutic strategies. Our previous work suggested that an extract from <i>Cyclocarya paliurus</i> leaves (ECPL) inhibits MRSA by targeting the cell division protein FtsZ. Here, guided by anti-MRSA activity, we isolated three compounds from ECPL: asiatic acid (AA), maslinic acid (MA), and ursolic acid (UA). They exhibited antibacterial activity against MRSA and induced cell elongation, indicative of division arrest. Time-kill assays showed AA and MA are bactericides, while UA is bacteriostatic. Mechanistically, these compounds disrupt cell division by differentially affecting FtsZ dynamics: AA promotes polymerization, whereas MA and UA inhibit it. SPR analysis showed direct FtsZ binding to AA (Kd = 2.4 μM), MA (Kd = 9.8 μM), and UA (Kd = 0.7 μM). Molecular docking predicted a shared FtsZ binding pocket but revealed that AA adopts a distinct conformation driven by unique interactions, including a hydrogen bond with Arg191-an interaction not observed for MA or UA, which instead form hydrogen bonds with Thr265 and Thr309. Despite these divergent effects on polymerization and distinct binding modes, all compounds ultimately disrupted Z-ring assembly and septum formation. In a murine skin infection model, AA, selected for its bactericidal activity and unique FtsZ modulation mechanism, significantly reduced bacterial burden and accelerated wound healing. Collectively, our findings validate these compounds as direct FtsZ-targeting agents and establish AA as a promising anti-MRSA lead compound with a novel mechanism disrupting the bacterial divisome.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1622623"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12213745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics insights into key microorganisms and metabolites in Tibetan sheep's high-altitude adaptation.","authors":"Jing Wang, Jianbin Liu, Tingting Guo, Chen Zheng, Fan Wang, Ting Liu, Chao Yuan, Zengkui Lu","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1616555","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1616555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tibetan sheep gastrointestinal microbial communities and metabolites showed adaptive differences with altitude, but we do not know which flora or metabolites may play an important role in acclimatization to the altitude environment. Therefore, we systematically analyzed the microbial structure and metabolites in the rumen and feces of Tibetan sheep at two altitudes (4,424 m and 2,364 m) using amplicon sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. The results showed that the bacterial communities differed greatly between the two groups, with high altitude Tibetan sheep having a higher forage fermentation capacity, and the abundance of some bacteria and fungi that were conducive to the decomposition of cellulose in rumen fluid increased significantly (especially Bacteroidota, Neocallimastigomycota, and Ascomycota), and the short chain fatty acids and NH₃-N produced by metabolism also increased. There was also a significant increase in the abundance of Naganishia, which is prone to survive in extreme environments. In addition, the metabolite profiles in the rumen and feces of Tibetan sheep at two altitudes were also significantly different, and further correlation analysis showed that the differential bacteria in the rumen were mainly related to the products related to amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism, and the differential bacteria in the feces were mainly correlated with some metabolites related to antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and other disease treatment components. Collectively, these changes in microbiota and metabolites may have facilitated the adaptation of Tibetan sheep to the harsh plateau environment, contributing to their better survival and reproduction. This study provides a basis for research on the mechanisms of adaptation of Tibetan sheep to the plateau environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1616555"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12213699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pandan-vanilla rotation mitigates <i>Fusarium</i> wilt disease in vanilla: insights from rhizosphere microbial community shifts.","authors":"Shan Hong, Yizhang Xing, Jinming Yang, Qingyun Zhao, Fan Su, Huifa Zhuang, Hui Wang, Zhuangsheng Wu, Yisong Chen","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1496701","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1496701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vanilla monoculture often leads to <i>Fusarium</i> wilt disease, affecting the industry globally.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, we evaluated the effects of vanilla-black pepper, -pandan, and -sweet rice tea rotations (i.e., growing vanilla in soil previously planted with these crops) on <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> abundance and rhizosphere microbial communities using real-time quantitative PCR and high-throughput sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pandan rotation, in particular, reduced disease incidence to 17% and decreased <i>F. oxysporum</i> copy numbers; sweet rice tea showed similar suppressive effects. Crop rotation significantly increased fungal diversity and richness. Different cropping systems, including fallow, monoculture and crop rotation, significantly influenced fungal and bacterial community development, with cropping system and rotated crops being the main drivers of rhizosphere community assembly. The black pepper and pandan rotations specifically enriched certain fungal OTUs, such as OTU1_<i>Thermomyces</i>, OTU37_<i>Arthrobotrys</i>, and OTU18_<i>Arthrobotrys</i>, which serve as biomarkers for the presence of <i>F. oxysporum</i>. After pandan rotation, microbial interactions within the rhizosphere intensified, with notable enrichment of core bacterial taxa, including OTU22_<i>Nitrosospira</i>, OTU56_<i>Lacibacterium</i>, and OTU178_<i>Actinospica</i>. Soil pH was identified as a significant factor influencing microbial community assembly. The fungal community structure, along with core OTU22_<i>Nitrosospira</i> and soil pH, was pivotal in curbing pathogen growth, explaining 25.19%, 8.61%, and 20.45% of the variance, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed that incorporating pandan into crop rotation may effectively alleviate soil-borne diseases during vanilla production.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1496701"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12213491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DDX3X and virus interactions: functional diversity and antiviral strategies.","authors":"Shengming Ma, Qian Mao, Shaoting Weng, Man Teng, Jun Luo, Kunpeng Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1630068","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1630068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a core member of the DEAD-box helicase family, DDX3X modulates RNA metabolic networks through its ATPase activity, RNA helicase function, and nucleic acid-binding capacity to participate in bidirectional regulation of innate immune responses and virus-host interactions. Multiple viruses achieve effective genome replication and immune evasion by hijacking DDX3X's enzymatic activities or interfering with its mediated immune signaling transduction. Nevertheless, hosts have evolved strategies to exploit DDX3X for activating interferon signaling pathways and other antiviral mechanisms, establishing multilayered defense networks. This review systematically elaborates the functional diversity exhibited by DDX3X protein in virus interaction networks. DDX3X orchestrates viral genomic RNA processing during replication. Simultaneously, it interacts with host restriction factors to evade antiviral immunity, establishing a dynamic balance between viral propagation and host defense. The functional plasticity of DDX3X not only elucidates immune regulatory mechanisms in host-pathogen coevolution, but also provides novel molecular perspectives for deciphering zoonotic transmission barriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1630068"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12213741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrectomy-induced alterations in gut microbiota linked to changes in oral and gastric microbiota.","authors":"Eri Komori, Nahoko Kato-Kogoe, Yoshiro Imai, Shoichi Sakaguchi, Kohei Taniguchi, Michi Omori, Mayu Ohmichi, Wataru Hamada, Shota Nakamura, Takashi Nakano, Sang-Woong Lee, Takaaki Ueno","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1599503","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1599503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gastrectomy serves as a primary treatment for gastric cancer, a leading global malignancy, and affects significant physiological and anatomical changes in the digestive tract. Recent studies highlight the critical role of gastrointestinal microbiota in postoperative health following digestive tract surgeries, including gastrectomy. These alterations possibly impact the gut microbiota and affect patient health by influencing the bacterial environment in the gastrointestinal tract. However, the relationships between the gastrointestinal tract and the oral, gastric, and gut microbiota after gastrectomy are not clear. In this study, we aimed to characterize alterations in the gut microbiota due to gastrectomy and evaluate whether these alterations are associated with the oral and gastric microbiota.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Saliva, gastric fluid, and stool samples were collected from patients diagnosed with primary gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy at two time points, before and 6 months after gastrectomy. Next, 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis was performed. Diversity and linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analyses of each microbiota were conducted before and after gastrectomy to compare alterations in the gut, oral, and gastric microbiota.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The diversity of gut microbiota increased after gastrectomy compared to that before gastrectomy (Shannon index, <i>p</i> = 0.044), with LEfSe analysis showing increased abundance of <i>Rothia</i> and <i>Lactobacillus</i> in the gut microbiota. Additionally, the proportion of participants with <i>Rothia</i> in their gut microbiota increased, and this genus was present in the oral and gastric microbiota of almost all participants. Furthermore, a significant rise in <i>Lactobacillus</i> was observed in the gut, oral, and gastric microbiota of paired participants.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We characterized gut microbiota alterations caused by gastrectomy and demonstrated their relationship with changes in oral and gastric microbiota, thereby elucidating interactions between the gastrointestinal tract microbiota in response to changes in the gastric environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1599503"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12213597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics integration identifies key biomarkers in retinopathy of prematurity through 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics.","authors":"Linlin Guo, Ruoming Wang, Liping Han, Yongcheng Fu, Xiujuan Wang, Lintao Nie, Wenjun Fu, Hongyan Ren, Lijia Wu, Guangshuai Li, Juan Ding","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1601292","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1601292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The gut microbiome is increasingly recognized for its role in the pathogenesis of neonatal conditions commonly associated with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). This study aimed to identify key intestinal microbiota and metabolites in ROP and examine their relationships.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fecal samples were collected from infants with and without ROP at weeks 2 (T1) and 4 (T2) for 16S rRNA sequencing. At T2, additional fecal samples underwent non-targeted metabolomic analyses. A combined analysis of the 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics data was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences in α-diversity indexes were observed between the ROP and non-ROP at T1. However, at T2, the Chao, ACE, and Shannon indices were significantly higher, whereas the Simpson index was lower in ROP compared to non-ROP. At the phylum level, the dominant phyla at T2 included <i>Pseudomonadota</i>, <i>Bacillota</i>, <i>Actinomycetota</i>, <i>Bacteroidota</i>, and <i>Verrucomicrobiota</i>. LEfSe analysis of T2 showed that <i>Bifidobacterium</i>, <i>Rhodococcus</i>, <i>Staphyloococcus</i>, <i>Caulobacter</i>, <i>Sphingomonas</i>, <i>Aquabacterium</i>, and <i>Klebsiella</i> as key genera associated with ROP. Metabolomic analysis identified 382 differentially accumulated metabolites, which were enriched in steroid hormone biosynthesis; the PPAR signaling pathway; linoleic acid metabolism; histidine metabolism; and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. Additionally, the AUC of the combined analysis exceeded that of differential bacterial communities (0.9958) alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed characteristic changes in the intestinal flora and metabolites in ROP, which provide promising targets/pathways for ROP diagnosis and therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1601292"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12213487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}