Frontiers in Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of <i>Streptomyces sporoverrucosus</i> B-1662 for biological control of red pepper anthracnose and apple bitter rot diseases in Korea.","authors":"DaYoung Kim, Jungyeon Kim, Younmi Lee, Kotnala Balaraju, Ye-Ji Hwang, Mi-Hwa Lee, Wonsu Cheon, Hye Yeon Mun, Chang Soo Lee, Yongho Jeon","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1429646","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1429646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungi are the prominent phytopathogens that have significant impact on the productivity of agriculture worldwide. <i>Streptomyces</i> species have been extensively studied for the production of various bioactive metabolites. These metabolites have been used as biocontrol agents for the management of diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi. The purpose of this investigation is to assess the efficacy of <i>Streptomyces sporoverrucosus</i> B-1662, an antagonistic agent in the control of red pepper anthracnose caused by <i>Colletotrichum acutatum</i> KACC 42403 and apple anthracnose caused by <i>Colletotrichum siamense</i> CGCP6 (GYUN-10348). On the basis of the morphological, and molecular characterization using 16S rRNA, the strain B-1662 was determined to be <i>S. sporoverrucosus</i>. The strain B-1662 exhibited antagonistic activity against seven fungal phytopathogens, including <i>C. acutatum</i> KACC 42403 and <i>C. siamense</i> CGCP6. The culture filtrates (CF) from B-1662 showed antifungal activity against all seven fungal pathogens with greater inhibition rate (%) in comparison with a control. The bacterial suspensions of B-1662 showed an excellent biological control effect on the red pepper anthracnose and apple bitter rot using an <i>in planta</i> assay. The anthracnose disease rate (%) was controlled by over 90% with B-1662 cell suspensions at 10⁵ to 10⁷ CFU/mL. Compared to a control, the strain B-1662 played a more effective role in controlling the anthracnose disease in field conditions in both years 2022 and 2023. From the effective solvent fractions, the effect compound (dibutoxybutane) has been isolated exhibiting with antifungal effect. The genetic base underlying the biocontrol traits of B-1662 was characterized using the whole-genome sequence of B-1662, which was compared with closely related strains. Consequently, these results collectively suggest that <i>S. sporoverrucosus</i> B-1662 can aid in the management of red-pepper anthracnose.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1429646"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11634798/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral administration of <i>Limosilactobacillus ingluviei</i> C37 inhibits <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> colonization in chicks.","authors":"Aito Murakami, Ayako Watanabe-Yanai, Taketoshi Iwata, Fu Namai, Takashi Sato, Tadashi Fujii, Takumi Tochio, Sutisa Khempaka, Takeshi Shimosato","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1491039","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1491039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the global population continues to grow, so too does the demand for poultry meat. However, the concurrent increase in the prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria has stimulated interest in the search for alternatives to antibiotics in poultry and livestock agriculture. One potential strategy is the use of probiotics. In this study, we showed that prophylactic oral administration of <i>Limosilactobacillus ingluviei</i> C37 (LIC37) reduced <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> colonization of the cecum in cage-raised chicks, without causing significant changes in the overall diversity of gut bacteria. Further, the abundance of <i>Blautia</i>, another genus of probiotic bacteria, increased in the gastrointestinal tract following ingestion of LIC37 by chicks. These findings suggest that LIC37 could potentially be used as a novel probiotic agent against <i>C. jejuni</i> in livestock production.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1491039"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11634846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathological investigation, molecular characterization and first-time isolation of the predominant serotypes of fowl adenovirus (FAdV-D and E) from commercial poultry in Bangladesh.","authors":"Mohammad Sadekuzzaman, Md Sojon Miah, Rokshana Parvin, Md Enamul Haque, Tanbin Rubaiya Islam, Sanzila Hossain Sigma, Md Golbar Hossain, Sajedul Hayat, Muhammad Tofazzal Hossain, Md Alimul Islam","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1490255","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1490255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) is a globally distributed virus that inflicts significant economic losses on the poultry industry. The study aimed at pathological investigation, molecular characterization, isolation, and pathogenicity determination of FAdV from commercial poultry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 86 liver samples were collected from 80 commercial chicken farms. All samples were examined for gross pathology; only liver samples were used for histopathology and virus detection by PCR. PCR-positive FAdV samples were used for isolation of virus in 10-day-old seronegative embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs) via chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). PCR confirmed virus isolates were sequenced for serotyping and phylogenetic analysis. Pathogenicity of the isolated FAdVs was assessed by oral, i.m., and i.p. routes of infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study observed gross lesions including hydropericardium and enlarged, friable pale livers with ecchymotic hemorrhages. Histopathological analysis revealed hepatocytic necrosis with basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in liver tissues, and tubular necrosis, focal hemorrhages, and mononuclear cell infiltration in kidney tissues. Out of 86 liver samples analyzed, 40 were positive for FAdVs by PCR, and 22 were positive for virus isolation. One serotype was 11 and other 11 were 8b of FAdV and genetically close to Bangladesh, India, and Turkey isolates, according to hexon gene phylogenetic analysis. The pathogenicity test indicated that serotype 11 was more virulent than the serotype 8b.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study concluded that serotypes 11 and 8b of FAdVs are circulating simultaneously among commercial broiler and layer chickens, serotype 8b was found predominant one.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1490255"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative multiomics analysis reveals association of gut microbiota and its metabolites with susceptibility to keloids.","authors":"Dang Li, Minghao Li, Hangqi Gao, Kailun Hu, Rongrong Xie, Jing Fan, Mingquan Huang, Chengxin Liao, Chang Han, Zhihui Guo, Xiaosong Chen, Ming Li","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1475984","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1475984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Keloid scarring is a fibroproliferative disease of the skin, which can significantly impact one's quality of life through cosmetic concerns, physical discomfort (itchy; painful), restricted movement, and psychological distress. Owing to the poorly understood pathogenesis of keloids and their high recurrence rate, the efficacy of keloid treatment remains unsatisfactory, particularly in patients susceptible to multiple keloids. We conducted fecal metagenomic analyzes and both untargeted and targeted plasma metabolomics in patients with multiple keloids (MK, <i>n</i> = 56) and controls with normal scars (NS, <i>n</i> = 60); tissue-untargeted metabolomics (MK, <i>n</i> = 35; NS, <i>n</i> = 32), tissue-targeted metabolomics (MK, <i>n</i> = 41; NS, <i>n</i> = 36), and single-cell sequencing analyzes (GSE163973). Differences in the gut microbiota composition, plasma metabolites, and tissue metabolites were observed between the MK and NS groups; the core gut microbiota, <i>Oxalobacter formigenes</i>, <i>Bacteroides plebeius</i>, and <i>Parabacteroides distasonis</i>, were identified via the gut microbiome co-occurrence network. Single-cell data helped clarify the specific cells affected by plasma metabolites. An area under the curve analysis using a random forest model based on fecal metagenomics, plasma metabolomics, and tissue metabolomics revealed that gut bacteria, plasma, and tissue metabolites were effective in distinguishing between MK and NS groups. Decreased <i>Bacteroides plebeius</i> could lower uracil levels, altering systemic lipid metabolism, which may change the metabolic phenotype of secretory reticular fibroblasts in wounds, potentially leading to MK. These findings may open new avenues for understanding the multifactorial nature of keloid formation from the gut-skin axis and highlight the potential for novel therapeutic strategies targeting keloid lesions and the underlying systemic imbalances affected by the gut microbiome.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1475984"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure-based targeting of the lipid A-modifying enzyme PmrC to contrast colistin resistance in <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>.","authors":"Maria Romano, Federico Falchi, Eliana De Gregorio, Maria Stabile, Antonella Migliaccio, Alessia Ruggiero, Valeria Napolitano, Ida Autiero, Flavia Squeglia, Rita Berisio","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1501051","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1501051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens are an ongoing threat to human and animal health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), colistin is considered the last resort antibiotic against human infections due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative organisms-including <i>Acinetobacter baumanni</i>, a priority-1 pathogen. Despite colistin being considered a last resort antibiotic, transferable bacterial resistance to this drug has been reported in humans and animals. This makes addressing colistin resistance a critical priority in public health efforts. The large PetN transferase membrane protein PmrC is responsible for colistin resistance due to its catalysed modification of lipid A of the external membrane. Despite its importance, this potential drug target was never characterised at a molecular level.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The recombinant production of large membrane proteins in their native forms is a bottleneck in modern molecular biology. In this study, we recombinantly produced PmrC and biophysically characterised it in solution. We employed <i>in silico</i> approaches, including virtual screening and molecular modelling, to identify PmrC ligands. The binding of these ligands to PmrC was measured using Microscale Thermophoresis (MST). The best ligand was tested for its ability to hamper colistin resistance in <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> clinical isolates. Finally, we checked that the identified compound was not cytotoxic at the used concentrations by haemolysis assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We successfully produced PmrC PetN transferase membrane protein in high yields and showed that PmrC is a stable α-β protein, with melting temperature T_m = 60°C. Based on the PmrC structural model, we identified a promising druggable cavity. Therefore, we used a structure-based virtual screening to identify potential inhibitors. A small molecule, here denominated as s-Phen, was proved to bind PmrC with μM affinity. Microbiological assays confirmed that the s-Phen can drastically reduce colistin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in two <i>A. baumannii</i>-resistant isolates and that it is not cytotoxic. Importantly, PmrC binding pocket to s-Phen is highly conserved in all homologues of PmrC, regardless of the location of genes encoding for them and of their operons.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our study provides a molecular characterisation of PmrC and demonstrates the importance of PmrC as a drug target and the strong potential of PmrC binding molecules to act as colistin adjuvants, operating as synergistic tools to combat multiresistant nosocomial pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1501051"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11634806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and antibiotic resistance profile of UTI-causing uropathogenic bacteria in diabetics and non-diabetics at the Maternity and Children Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Peter F Farag, Hamzah O Albulushi, Mohammed H Eskembaji, Mohammad F Habash, Mohammed S Malki, Muayad S Albadrani, Ahmed M Hanafy","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1507505","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1507505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>One of the most prevalent and recurrent infectious diseases that can range from moderate to fatal is urinary tract infection (UTI). Broad-spectrum antibiotics are the only management strategy for UTIs in ambulators and hospital stays. Due to the ongoing emergence of antibiotic resistance among uropathogens, there is a need for proper selection of antibiotics for empirical therapy against UTIs. This study aimed to compare the etiological profiles and antibiotic susceptibility patterns between diabetic and non-diabetic UTI female patients from the Maternity and Children Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Urine samples from different age categories of female UTI patients were collected from January 2021 to June 2023. The positive urine cultures with a single pathogen were selected and all bacterial isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF/MS system. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using VITEK-2. Our study included 2,245 female patients, of which 1825 (81%) were non-diabetic and 420 (19%) were diabetic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed a significant relationship (<i>p</i> = 0.00063) between the average age and the number of diabetic UTI patients. Gram-negative bacilli were more dominant (84.7%, n = 1903) than gram-positive cocci (15.3%, n = 342). <i>Escherichia coli</i> (40.8%) was the most prevalent pathogen identified with a significant (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) increase in non-diabetic (45.26%) than diabetic UTI patients (21.43%). <i>Proteus mirabilis</i> (10.2%) and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (8.7%) followed <i>E. coli</i> in pathogen distribution. Among gram-positive species, <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus saprophyticus</i> were found in all age groups of diabetic and non-diabetic UTI patients. The findings showed that the most resistant bacteria from patients with non-diabetic UTIs were found to be resistant to amoxicillin (37.7%) and ampicillin (40%), while the most resistant bacteria from patients with diabetes were found to be resistant to tetracycline (43.3%) and cephalothin (43.5%). In patients with UTIs, ciprofloxacin was found to be the most effective antibiotic against all bacterial species.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>According to the results, we concluded that the UTI etiological profiles varied among different ages. Ciprofloxacin is a safe medication with optimal sensitivity that can be used to treat both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1507505"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635965/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervicovaginal and gastrointestinal microbiomes in gynecological cancers and their roles in therapeutic intervention.","authors":"Fatimah S Alhamlan, Ismail A Albadawi, Ahmed A Al-Qahtani, Khalid A Awartani, Dalia A Obeid, Asma M Tulbah","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1489942","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1489942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer remains a significant global health concern, and understanding factors that regulate cancer development is important. The microbiome, with its potential role in cancer development, progression, and treatment, has garnered increasing attention in recent years. The cervicovaginal and gastrointestinal microbiomes in females constitute complex biological ecosystems. Although the gut microbiome has been extensively studied, little is known about the cervicovaginal microbiome. The microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining local microenvironments and tissue homeostasis, but dysbiosis can disrupt this fine balance and contribute to pathological ramifications leading to cancer. This review explores the current understanding of the microbiome's correlation with gynecological cancers and highlights the potential of microbiome-based interventions to improve outcomes in these cancers. In addition, this review underscores the gaps and limitations in the literature, such as findings in specific ethnicities compared with understudied ethnicities. In addition, discrepancies in molecular techniques and terminology (microbiome vs. microbiota) used in the literature are addressed. Emerging evidence linking gynecological cancers and dysbiosis underscores microbiota as a potential target for cancer prevention and therapy. Manipulating the microbiome, such as through the use of probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, or vaginal and fecal transplantation, has demonstrated benefits in the treatment of chronic and inflammatory conditions. Further translational research in this field is needed to integrate the benefits of beneficial microorganisms in the fight against gynecological cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1489942"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green microalga <i>Chromochloris zofingiensis</i> conserves substrate uptake pattern but changes their metabolic uses across trophic transition.","authors":"Yuntao Hu, Nakian Kim, Melissa S Roth, Katherine B Louie, Suzanne M Kosina, Shivani Upadhyaya, Tim L Jeffers, Jacob S Jordan, Benjamin P Bowen, Krishna K Niyogi, Trent R Northen","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1470054","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1470054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The terrestrial green alga <i>Chromochloris zofingiensis</i> is an emerging model species with potential applications including production of triacylglycerol or astaxanthin. How <i>C. zofingiensis</i> interacts with the diverse substrates during trophic transitions is unknown. To characterize its substrate utilization and secretion dynamics, we cultivated the alga in a soil-based defined medium in transition between conditions with and without glucose supplementation. Then, we examined its exometabolite and endometabolite profiles. This analysis revealed that regardless of trophic modes, <i>C. zofingiensis</i> preferentially uptakes exogenous lysine, arginine, and purines, while secreting orotic acid. Here, we obtained metabolomic evidences that <i>C. zofingiensis</i> may use arginine for putrescine synthesis when in transition to heterotrophy, and for the TCA cycle during transition to photoautotrophy. We also report that glucose and fructose most effectively inhibited photosynthesis among thirteen different sugars. The utilized or secreted metabolites identified in this study provide important information to improve <i>C. zofingiensis</i> cultivation, and to expand its potential industrial and pharmaceutical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1470054"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A PL1 family pectate lyase <i>CP966_RS08110</i> gene was the pathogenic factor of <i>Streptomyces galilaeus</i> 5T-1 causing potato common scab.","authors":"Cuiwen Zhang, Chengde Yang, Mengjun Jin, Zhonghong Feng, Richard Osei, Fengfeng Cai, Ting Ma, Yidan Wang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1469709","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1469709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pectate lyases (PL), as important polysaccharide lyases, play an important role in the infection of host plants by pathogenic. A previous study found that the PL gene <i>CP966_RS08110</i> was up-regulated in the interaction between <i>Streptomyces galilaeus</i> 5T-1 and potatoes. In this study, <i>S. galilaeus</i> 5T-1 was used as the study object, and its gene function was investigated using bioinformatics analysis, prokaryotic expression, and CRISPR-Cas9 technology. The previous results showed that the pectate lyase <i>CP966_RS08110</i> gene of <i>Streptomyces galilaeus</i> 5T-1 was up-regulated in the pathogenic process. In this study, the <i>CP966_RS08110</i> gene was cloned from the genomic DNA of <i>S. galilaeus</i> 5T-1. It encoded for a 415-residue protein with a complete PL-6 superfamily domain and Pec_lyase_C domain, which belongs to the PL1 family. The soluble protein encoded by <i>CP966_RS08110</i> was obtained successfully, which has high pathogenicity after inoculating healthy potatoes. The mutant strain △PL5T-1 with <i>CP966_RS08110</i> gene deletion was successfully obtained, and its colony morphology and pigment were not significantly different from that of wild strains, but its growth rate was slowed down, moreover, the hyaline circle formed by the mutant strain ΔPL5T-1 using pectin was significantly smaller than wild strain, and the deletion of this gene affected the infestation rate of <i>S. galilaeus</i> 5T-1. Our results confirm that the <i>CP966_RS08110</i> gene was the pathogenic factors and played a key role in process of infecting and causing potato common scab, which laid foundation for understanding the pathogenic mechanism of <i>S. galilaeus</i> 5T-1.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1469709"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of dietary fat source on the composition of the cecal microbiome in maturing broiler chicken.","authors":"Vidya V Jadhav, Yewande Fasina, Paul C Omaliko, Jian Han, Scott H Harrison","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1462757","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1462757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diet has been found to significantly influence gut microbiota throughout various life stages, and gut microbiota have been increasingly shown to influence host physiology, health, and behavior. This study uses 16S rRNA sequencing to examine the effects of six different fat-supplemented diets (canola oil, coconut oil, fish oil, flaxseed oil, lard, and olive oil) on broiler chicken cecal microbial composition and predicted function in comparison with a common and inexpensive fat source (poultry fat). Groups of broilers were fed each of these diets and then evaluated on day 41 and day 55 of age. For both 41- and 55-day samples, <i>Firmicutes</i> and <i>Bacteroidetes</i> phyla were the dominant bacteria in the ceca accounting for 99% of the microbial community. Across the 41- and 55-day samples, treatment time was associated with a stronger and more significant microbiota shift (<i>p</i> < 0.001) than differences in dietary treatment alone (<i>p</i> = 0.117), but dietary treatment combined with treatment time is a significant factor as well (<i>p</i> = 0.047). Sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis was used to explore the more discriminating taxa for each treatment group. For identified species, butyrate production appears to be affected in a diet-specific manner, with many butyrate-producing species being evident for the fish-based diet at day 41 and a few of these species for the flaxseed-based diet at day 55. Predicted functions, as conducted with PICRUSt2, were significant for comparisons between the control and the flaxseed-based dietary treatment group at day 55, with indications of host health benefit for the flaxseed-based diet. Predicted functions found to be significant were for enzymes and pathways such as propionate CoA ligase, aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase, vitamin B12-transporting ATPase, thiamine kinase, acetylneuraminate epimerase, and L-tryptophan biosynthesis. This study provides insight surrounding specific dietary fat-based treatments to be investigated further and highlights the importance of polyunsaturated fat sources in poultry feed that may offer a favorable cecal microbial modulation compared to saturated fat sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1462757"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}