Frontiers in Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of the CSFV NS5A protein on key proteins in the MAPK and PI3K-mTOR signaling pathways in porcine macrophages.","authors":"Yidan Wang, Xiaoru Zheng, Yingying Yang, Xinru Zhao, Min Li, Juan Huang, Qiaoya Zhang, Xiaobing Qin, Ying Yu, Qing Pan, Zhi Cao","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1559840","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1559840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious disease caused by classical swine fever virus (CSFV). NS5A, a non-structural protein of CSFV, plays an important role in regulating viral replication and protein translation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the CSFV NS5A protein on key proteins in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways in porcine macrophages. In this study, an NS5A lentivirus was constructed, and 3D4/21 cells were infected. The cells infected for 48 h were collected for proteomic analysis to screen the differential proteins in the two signaling pathways in the NS5A/control group, and the expression levels of key proteins were verified by Western blotting (Wb). CSFV NS5A lentivirus was successfully constructed and used to infect porcine macrophages, and 23 upregulated proteins and 16 downregulated proteins were found in the MAPK signaling pathway, whereas 5 upregulated and 15 downregulated proteins were found in the PI3K-mTOR signaling pathway. The results revealed that with increasing infection time, the expression of IKBKG, AKT1, CDC37, MAP3K2, and PKN2 decreased, whereas the expression of MAP3K7 and KRAS2 increased. The 3D4/21 cells infected with NS5A lentivirus and classical swine fever virus were inoculated, and the differential protein expression was verified via Wb. With increasing time, the protein expression levels of IKBKG and KRAS2 increased, whereas the protein expression levels of MAP3K7, MAP3K2, AKT1, CDC37, and PKN2 decreased. This study provides data for revealing the mechanism by which CSFV evades host antiviral immune clearance and has important scientific significance and potential application value.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1559840"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic identification of a pair of multidrug-resistant but non-pathogenic <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar Goldcoast isolates in southeast China.","authors":"Yongjuan Yuan, Ping Li, Wei Shen, Min Li, Xiaofei He, Bin Zhou","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1540843","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1540843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Salmonella</i> is an important foodborne pathogen that can induce severe diseases such as gastrointestinal disease and typhoid fever. Accumulating evidence revealed that <i>Salmonella</i>'s resistance to antibiotics also seriously affects human health. Pathogenic <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar Goldcoast (<i>S.</i> Goldcoast) was first detected in 2010 in China and was predicted to have an increasing tendency.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The MacConkey agar, Salmonella Shigella agar, three-sugar iron agar slant, and Gram-stained microscopic examination were used for strain identification. Gram-negative bacteria identification cards explored more properties of the isolates, while antimicrobial susceptibility testing was used to examine the multidrug resistance. The 2nd and 3rd generation sequencing revealed the genetic information of the isolates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two non-pathogenic isolates with multidrug resistance, JS33 and JS34, harbored 42 antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) in contig1 and 13 ARGs in contig2, were isolated from a healthy donor living in southeast China and identified as <i>S.</i> Goldcoast (6,8:r:l,w). Interestingly, JS33 and JS34 showed identical responses to more than 20 antimicrobial agents and were resistant to ampicillin, selectrin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and streptomycin. However, JS33 differed from JS34 in hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) generation. The genomic sequencing identified a deletion in thiosulfate reductase (K08352) in JS34.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>H₂S is an essential physiological regulator linked to inflammation and cancer. Therefore, genomic identification of JS33 and JS34 provided us with a better understanding of drug resistance and could be used as model strains to study the effects of microbial H₂S production on the host. Since JS33 and JS34 did not induce gastrointestinal infection or other clinical symptoms as previously reported, the appearance of non-pathogenic <i>S.</i> Goldcoast in southeast China warned us to prepare for the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant <i>S.</i> Goldcoast in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1540843"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Size matters: larger fragments of riparian forest in urban areas support functional diversity of soil bacteria more than smaller ones.","authors":"Gabriela Koster, Małgorzata Jaźwa, Sebastian Wojciech Przemieniecki, Łukasz Musielok, Hamed Azarbad, Beata Klimek","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1517545","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1517545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil microorganisms are relatively poorly studied in urban ecosystems, particularly within unmanaged woodlands that form island-like patches of vegetation. We surveyed soil bacteria on <i>Salix</i> spp. dominated riparian-like forest patches in Kraków, the second largest city in Poland, to find out which environmental factors influence their activities and functional diversity, measured using Biolog^® ECO plates. Our results showed that soil bacterial alpha functional diversity, including substrate richness (number of substrates decomposed) and Shannon diversity, were positively correlated with patch area and number of vascular plant species in the forest floor vegetation layer. However, soil bacterial beta functional diversity (substrate use pattern, CLPP - community level physiological profiles) was primarily driven by patch area and soil physicochemical properties. Our results suggest that the positive effect of patch area (biogeographic effect) on soil bacterial functional diversity may be primarily through stabilisation of environmental conditions, as the amplitude of environmental fluctuations is reduced on larger plots compared to smaller ones. Taken together, our study provides important insights into the relationship between patch area, soil properties, vegetation characteristics, soil bacteria activity, and functional diversity in urban riparian forests, highlighting the importance of considering soil microbes when managing urban ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1517545"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of oat grain supplementation on growth performance, rumen microbiota, and fatty acid profiles in Hu sheep.","authors":"Xiaoqi Ren, Liwei Wang, Chuanzong Yu, Jianghong An, Shaoyin Fu, Hua Sun, Mengran Zhao, Rigele Te, Xiaobo Bai, Jingda Yuan, Yongbin Liu, Jiangfeng He","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1528298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1528298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The intestinal microbiota plays a vital role in animal growth and development. In this study, we explored the impact of oat grain dietary supplementation on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and fatty acids (FAs) in Hu sheep. Thirty-two Hu lambs were randomly assigned to a control group (RC) or an oat grain-supplemented group (RO). After 90 days on their respective diets, rumen digesta were collected from six randomly selected Hu lambs per group to assess microbial diversity, SCFAs, and FAs. The RO diet significantly enhanced growth in Hu sheep (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and increased α-diversity, as indicated by Chao1 and Shannon indices. Core phyla in both groups were <i>Firmicutes</i> and <i>Bacteroidota</i>, with predominant genera including <i>Prevotella</i>, <i>Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group</i>, and <i>F082</i>. Oat grain supplementation led to significant shifts in microbial composition, increasing the abundance of <i>Acidobacteriota</i>, <i>Proteobacteria</i>, <i>Chloroflexi</i>, <i>Actinobacteriota</i>, and <i>Subgroup_2,</i> while decreasing <i>Bacteroidota</i> and <i>Oscillospiraceae</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The RO group also exhibited lower levels of isobutyric and citraconic acids but higher levels of azelaic acid (<i>p</i> < 0.05). These results indicate that oat grain supplementation enhances beneficial rumen microbes and optimizes FAs and SCFAs composition, thereby promoting weight gain in Hu sheep.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1528298"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High prevalence of carbapenem-resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and identification of a novel VIM-type metallo-β-lactamase, VIM-92, in clinical isolates from northern China.","authors":"Linbo Zhao, Jiekun Pu, Yunning Liu, Heng Cai, Meijuan Han, Yunsong Yu, Jianhua Tang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1543509","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1543509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbapenem-resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (CRPA) has become a serious global health concern due to the limited treatment options. The primary resistance mechanism in CRPA involves the production of metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs), making MBL-producing <i>P. aeruginosa</i> a significant component of CRPA cases. To understand the prevalence of CRPA in hospitals in northern China, we conducted a preliminary screening and identification of CRPA in 143 clinical isolates of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> collected from various departments of a tertiary hospital between 2021 and 2023, analyzing CRPA resistance trends in certain regions of northern China during this period. We identified 71 CRPA isolates that exhibited high carbapenem resistance and phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that ST244 CRPA isolates had widely spread across various departments of the same hospital over three consecutive years. We also identified two VIM-producing isolates, PJK40 and PJK43, both of which carried the same novel VIM-type metallo-β-lactamase, VIM-92, encoded by a newly identified gene, <i>bla</i> _VIM-92, closely related to <i>bla</i> _VIM-24. <i>bla</i> _VIM-92 was embedded in class 1 integrons within the Tn<i>1403</i> transposon. The <i>bla</i> _VIM-92-carrying plasmid, pPJK40, was found to resemble the pJB37 megaplasmid. The expression of VIM-92 and VIM-24 in DH5α and PAO1 revealed similar effects of the MICs of β-lactams, except for aztreonam. The high prevalence of CRPA in clinical settings, and the identification of VIM-92, highlights the urgent need for ongoing surveillance of CRPA and emerging MBL variants in <i>P. aeruginosa</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1543509"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the microbiome-crop rotation nexus in karst agricultural systems: insights from Southwestern China.","authors":"Bin Wang, Nianjie Shang, Xinwei Feng, Zongling Hu, Pengfei Li, Yi Chen, Binbin Hu, Mengjiao Ding, Junju Xu","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1503636","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1503636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding how soil properties and microbial communities respond to crop rotation is essential for the sustainability of agroecosystems. However, there has been limited research on how crop rotation alters below-ground microbial communities in soils with serious bacterial wilt within the karst agricultural system. This study investigated the effects of continuous planting of corn, tobacco, and tobacco-corn rotation on soil microbial communities in the karst regions of Southwestern China. High-throughput sequencing was used to evaluate the responses of the soil microbial community structure to crop monoculture and rotation patterns. As expected, the tobacco-corn rotation mitigated the negative effects of continuous cropping and reduced soil acidification. The tobacco-corn rotation also significantly altered the composition of microbial communities and promoted plant growth by fostering a higher abundance of beneficial microorganisms. The predominant bacteria genera <i>Sphingomonas</i> and <i>Gaiella</i> and the predominant fungal genera <i>Mortierella</i> and <i>Saitozyma</i> were identified as discriminant biomarkers that are critical to soil ecosystem health. pH, available potassium (AK), and available phosphorus (AP) were the primary soil factors related to the soil microbiome assembly. This study aimed to demonstrate the association between crop rotation and microbiomes, suggesting that altering cultivation patterns could enhance karst agricultural systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1503636"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of endophytic fungi composition in <i>paris polyphylla var. chinensis (franch.) hara</i> seeds during storage and growth, and responses of seedlings to phytohormones.","authors":"Tong Peng, Tao Yang, Jie Sha, Jiang Zhao, Jianwu Shi","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1540651","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1540651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Endophytic fungi exhibit diverse interactions with plants, from pathogenic to mutualistic symbiosis, and the community composition is regulated by phytohormones. Yet, the composition and dynamics of endophytic fungi in <i>Paris polyphylla var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara</i> (PPC) during fresh seed (FD), sand-stored seed (SSD), and seedling (SS) stages remain unclear. Similarly, the overall impact of phytohormones on the management of endophytic fungal communities is yet to be elucidated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We carried out a pot experiment to examine the effects of various stages of PPC seeds and the external addition of three phytohormones, namely, melatonin (MT), strigolactone (SL), and 24-epibrassinolide (BR) on the endophytic fungi of PPC seedlings. This was done through internal transcribed spacer (ITS) amplicon sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study of the endophytic fungal microbiome in FD, SSD, and SS stages of PPC revealed an increased richness and diversity of fungi during the SS stage, with significant changes in community composition observed. We found that <i>Sordariomycetes</i> played a crucial role in this process, potentially contributing to the establishment and growth of PPC seedlings. Additionally, this study investigated the influence of phytohormones on the phenotypic and physiological characteristics of PPC and its endophytic fungal community. Our results demonstrated that MT and SL significantly increased PPC biomass by 69.32 and 15.23%, respectively, while 2 mg/L of BR hindered the growth of PPC roots. MT, SL, and BR not only induced significant changes in the composition and diversity of the endophytic fungal community in PPC but also affected biomass potentially through specific regulation of potential biomarkers. Furthermore, phytohormones were shown to indirectly modify the endophytic fungal community by altering antioxidant system in plants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides novel insights into the dynamic changes of microbial communities in the FD, SSD, and SS stages. Furthermore, the differences among various phytohormones ultimately enhance our predictive understanding of how to directly or indirectly manipulate the plant microbiome to improve plant health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1540651"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive treatment of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection with a human-origin probiotic cocktail through gut microbiome-gut metabolome modulations.","authors":"Bijay Gurung, Maria C Courreges, Julie Pollak, Ramiro Malgor, Lin Jiang, Bo Wang, Shaohua Wang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1555220","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1555220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Clostridioides difficile</i> (<i>C. difficile</i>) is a leading cause of hospital-associated diarrhea, primarily due to gut dysbiosis following antibiotic use. Probiotics have been found to provide several benefits to hosts via modulation of the gut microbiota and their metabolites. However, till now, no conventional probiotics have been clearly proven to be an effective prophylactic option for CDI prevention. Therefore, more studies on developing specific probiotic candidates targeting CDI and improving diversity of probiotics administrated are needed. In this study, a human-origin highly diverse and highly targeted probiotic cocktail (Pro11) containing 11 various probiotic species was developed against <i>C. difficile.</i> Pro11 protected mice against CDI with lower clinical scores and higher survival rates, and inhibited <i>C. difficile in vivo</i> with less <i>C. difficile</i> burden and toxins production determined in colon. Histological analysis demonstrated that Pro11 strengthened gut barrier, reducing gut permeability (less secreted sCD14 in serum) and gut inflammation. In addition, gut microbiome analysis demonstrated that Pro11 increased gut microbiome diversity and beneficial species. Along with gut microbiome modulation, gut metabolites including butyrate, were significantly increased in the probiotics-fed group. Results from this study highlighted probiotics as a promising CDI therapy as gut microbiota modulators, which will lay the foundation for translating probiotics in mitigating CDI and other intestinal pathogens for clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1555220"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Riverine antibiotic resistome along an anthropogenic gradient.","authors":"Gangan Wang, Sarah Haenelt, Felipe Borim Corrêa, Ulisses Nunes da Rocha, Florin Musat, Junya Zhang, Jochen A Müller, Niculina Musat","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1516033","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1516033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The introduction of antibiotic-resistant bacteria into riverine systems through the discharge of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent and agricultural waste poses significant health risks. Even when not pathogenic, these bacteria can act as reservoirs for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), transferring them to pathogens that infect humans and animals. In this study, we used fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridization, qPCR, and metagenomics to investigate how anthropogenic activities affect microbial abundance and the resistome along the Holtemme River, a small river in Germany, from near-pristine to human-impacted sites. Our results showed higher bacterial abundance, a greater absolute and relative abundance of ARGs, and a more diverse ARG profile at the impacted sites. Overall, the ARG profiles at these sites reflected antibiotic usage in Germany, with genes conferring resistance to drug classes such as beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, folate biosynthesis inhibitors, and tetracyclines. There were also variations in the ARG profiles of the impacted sites. Notably, there was a high abundance of the oxacillin resistance gene <i>OXA-4</i> at the downstream site in the river. In the metagenome assembly, this gene was associated with a contig homologous to small plasmids previously identified in members of the <i>Thiotrichaceae</i>. The likely in-situ host of the putative plasmid was a close relative of <i>Thiolinea</i> (also known as <i>Thiothrix</i>) <i>eikelboomii</i>, a prominent member of WWTP microbiomes worldwide. Our results show that the effluent from WWTPs can introduce bacteria into the environment that act as shuttle systems for clinically relevant ARG.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1516033"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic characterization and antifungal properties of <i>Paenibacillus polymyxa</i> YF, a promising biocontrol agent against <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> pathogen of codonopsis root rot.","authors":"Ying Li, Xu Su, Wenjie Xi, Yanli Zheng, Yang Liu, Wangshan Zheng, Shiyu Wei, Yan Leng, Yongqiang Tian","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1549944","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1549944","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Root rot, a destructive soil-borne disease, poses a significant threat to a wide range of economically important crops. Codonopsis, a high-value medicine plant, is particularly susceptible to substantial production losses caused by <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>-induced root rot. In this study, we identified a promising biocontrol agent for codonopsis root rot, <i>Paenibacillus polymyxa</i> YF. <i>In vitro</i> assay demonstrated that the strain YF exhibited a 70.69% inhibition rate against <i>F. oxysporum</i> and broad-spectrum antifungal activities against the selected six postharvest pathogens. Additionally, the strain YF demonstrated significant plant growth-promoting properties. Subsequent <i>in vivo</i> inoculation assays revealed that the strain YF effectively mitigated disease symptoms of <i>F. oxysporum</i>-induced root rot in codonopsis, even achieving a complete disease prevention efficacy rate of 100%. Our findings further elucidated that the robust biocontrol capacity of the strain YF against <i>F. oxysporum</i> is mediated through multiple mechanisms, including inhibition of fusaric acid secretion, downregulation of virulence-associated genes in <i>F. oxysporum</i>, and the production of multiple hydrolytic enzymes. Genomic analysis showed that the strain YF has a 5.62-Mb single circular chromosome with 5,138 protein-coding genes. Comprehensive genome mining of the strain YF also identified numerous genes and gene clusters involved in bio-fertilization, resistance inducers synthesis, plant colonization, biofilm formation, and antimicrobial activity. These findings provide insights into the biocontrol mechanisms of the strain YF and offer substantial potential for its further exploration and application in crop production.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1549944"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}