Frontiers in Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Editorial: Microbial interactions: from mechanisms to applications in the fight against antimicrobial resistance.","authors":"Uelinton M Pinto, Thiago M A Dos Santos, Ali Tahrioui","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.2003200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.2003200","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"2003200"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13658523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149180529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of adhesin-like proteins from <i>Methanobacteriales</i> species.","authors":"Abel Tan, Anjali Bansal Gupta, Shuan Er, Henning Seedorf","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1897686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1897686","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Methanogenic archaea are key syntrophic partners in animal and human guts. However, the molecular basis of physical and functional interactions of methanogens with other cells remains poorly understood. Adhesin-like proteins (ALPs) are abundant, unusually large, and repeat-rich surface proteins and are potential prime candidates for mediating cell-cell interactions, however, due to poor characterization, ALPs often remain neglected in annotations of genomes and large-scale datasets. Here, we combined structure-guided analysis with comparative genomics to map ALP domain architectures across <i>Methanobacteriales</i> species, with emphasis on intestinal and rumen lineages. We curated predicted ALP structures and manually delineated domain boundaries to build a reference set encompassing ABD, RBH, membrane-anchoring domains (MAD), and miscellaneous accessory domains. Leveraging on a novel approach for ALP domain annotations, we generate ALP annotations and domain architectures for 17 <i>Methanobacteriales</i> species without reliance on primary-sequence homology. Applying this approach to strains of <i>Methanobrevibacter smithii</i> and <i>Methanobrevibacter intestini</i>, we assembled species-level \"adhesiomes\" and assessed conservation patterns of ALPs. Network analysis indicated that ALPs are more commonly shared among strains within a species than between species, suggesting species-specific adhesin repertoires. While total ALP counts differed significantly between <i>M. smithii</i> and <i>M. intestini</i> (Wilcoxon rank-sum <i>p</i> = 0.00295), median ALP lengths did not (<i>p</i> = 0.606). Our results provide a comprehensive overview of the ALP domain architectures in <i>Methanobacteriales</i> species and reveals species-specific adhesiomes that likely contribute to niche adaptation and syntrophic partnerships in gut ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1897686"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13658579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149180550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A non-GMO <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> × <i>Saccharomyces paradoxus</i> brewing hybrid moderately reduces ethanol production and modifies beer aroma.","authors":"David Roldán-López, Isabel E Sánchez-Adriá, Elizabeth Carrillo, Sandra Sánchez-Martí, Roberto Pérez-Torrado","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1948430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1948430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing demand for beers with moderate ethanol content and diversified sensory profiles has stimulated the search for non-GMO yeast-based strategies that preserve brewing performance. In this study, a collection of 28 yeast strains from different species and isolation sources was screened to identify parental strains with complementary fermentative and metabolic traits. Based on their performance under brewing conditions, selected parents were crossed by rare-mating to generate a novel interspecific hybrid, DR1 (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> × <i>Saccharomyces paradoxus</i>), which was molecularly confirmed and subsequently characterized. The fermentative behavior of DR1 was assessed in comparison with its parental strains under representative and industrial brewing conditions. DR1 retained efficient maltose consumption but showed limited maltotriose utilization, resulting in a moderate ethanol reduction relative to the industrial parent, reaching 21 % in synthetic wort and 17.5 % in industrial wort. The hybrid also produced higher glycerol and a volatile profile enriched in selected acetate and fatty acid esters. Consumer sensory analysis showed that DR1 retained beer-like sensory attributes, although overall liking and purchase intention were lower than for the industrial parent, indicating that further optimization will be required for broad consumer acceptance. Overall, this work supports rare-mating-based interspecific hybridization as a non-GMO strategy to generate brewing yeasts with reduced ethanol production and expanded aromatic diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1948430"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13659296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149180584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights into the gut-heart axis: microbial metabolite biomarkers, multi-omics, and engineered bacterial delivery systems.","authors":"Yankun Chen, Yiyu Li, Huaguan Lu, Shulei Jia, Yajie Jiang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1987882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1987882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite rapid growth in gut-heart axis research, clinical translation remains limited. This review addresses that gap by critically synthesizing recent evidence on microbiota-derived metabolites, biomarkers, multi-omics workflows, and engineered bacterial interventions in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We examine how TMAO, short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, indole derivatives, and phenylacetylglutamine exert context-dependent cardiovascular effects, and why functional microbial gene markers and integrated biomarker panels may outperform single-taxon signatures. We then evaluate multi-omics strategies, metagenomics, metabolomics, proteomics, single-cell and spatial omics, and bioinformatics integration, for causal inference and biomarker validation. Finally, we assess engineered bacterial delivery systems, including gene circuit design, colonization control, biocontainment, and safety, and outline short-, medium-, and long-term milestones for clinical translation, cost-effectiveness, and intellectual property. The key takeaway is that precision microbiome medicine in CVD will require standardized assays, prospective validation, robust regulatory pathways, and equitable commercialization. By linking mechanistic insights with translational requirements, this review provides a framework for developing microbiome-targeted diagnostics and therapeutics in CVD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1987882"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149180494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substrate-driven shifts in microbial communities reshape metabolite profiles during soybean residue fermentation.","authors":"Gaorui Bian, Yamei Gu, Yaoxing Tang, Kaidong Deng, Qian Tang, Minyang Zhang, Weiyun Zhu, Yuyang Yin","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1919307","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1919307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fermentation is an effective strategy to prolong the shelf life of soybean residue and improve its value as an animal feed resource. To investigate the influence of differing fermentation conditions on the microbial community and metabolite profile of fermented soybean residue, fresh soybean residue was fermented in sealed anaerobic bag using a mixed inoculum comprising <i>Bacillus subtili</i>s, <i>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</i>, <i>Limosilactobacillus reuteri</i>, and <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i>, with varying levels of wheat bran supplementation (0-15%), fermentation temperatures (24-37 °C), and durations (24-72 h). The microbial community and metabolite profiles were analyzed after fermentation. The results indicated that wheat bran supplementation was the primary factor driving microbial community shift (explaining 49.1% of the axes contributions, <i>P</i> = 0.002), inducing a transition from Proteobacteria-dominated to Firmicutes-dominated communities. The shift was characterized by targeted enrichment of <i>Bacillus</i> and multiple genera of lactic acid bacteria, alongside suppression of potential pathogens, such as Enterobacteriaceae and <i>Pseudomonas</i>. Concurrently, the process of fermentation resulted in a substantial increase in the levels of functional metabolites, including tryptophan, indolelactic acid, and various phenolic acids, accompanied by a reduction in flavonoid content. Fermentation temperature was the primary factor influencing metabolite distribution, explaining 18.1% of the axes contributions (<i>P</i> = 0.002). Network analysis revealed close correlations between specific microbiota (e.g., <i>Lactobacillus</i>, <i>Limosilactobacillus</i>) and key metabolites, including aromatic lactic acid metabolites. The findings presented herein provide insights into substrate-driven microbial modulation during soybean residue fermentation, thus establishing a foundation for optimizing fermentation conditions to enhance feed quality for animal health applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1919307"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13654976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149164529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intratumoral microbiota-host gene associations characterize stage-associated microecological patterns in colorectal cancer.","authors":"Zhiyuan Chen, Wenxuan Gan, Fang Cao, Fan Yu, Wanling Lin, Xinyue Wang, Yiqun Hong, Meiling Yang, Linjie Hong, Congjie Chen, Jing Wu, Xianzhi Liu, Weijing Zhang, Yifan Lian","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1934580","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1934580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Intratumoral microbiota are emerging as important ecological components of the colorectal cancer (CRC) microenvironment. However, their stage-associated patterns and coordination with host gene expression remain poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize stage-associated associations between intratumoral microbiota and the host transcriptome in CRC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We profiled 73 regional tumor specimens from 30 independent, treatment-naïve CRC patients using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing and mRNA sequencing. Microbial diversity, predicted functional profiles, co-occurrence networks, differential abundance, and microbiota-host transcriptome associations were analyzed. Regularized canonical correlation analysis and machine-learning modeling with SHAP-based feature interpretation were performed to identify stage-discriminative features. Candidate associations were evaluated in two independent public microbiome datasets. Mendelian randomization and immune-infiltration analyses were further conducted to explore the potential biological relevance of representative microbiota-gene associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Disease stage was a major factor shaping intratumoral microbial composition. Advanced-stage CRC exhibited increased microbial α-diversity, distinct predicted functional profiles, and altered microbial co-occurrence patterns. Integrated microbiota-transcriptome analysis identified ten genus-level and six species-level candidate microbiota-gene association pairs. Core genera showed reproducible stage-discriminative signals in two independent public microbiome datasets. SHAP analysis identified the principal microbial and host transcriptomic features contributing to stage classification. Integrating microbial and host gene signatures improved classification performance, with the combined model achieving an AUROC greater than 0.90. The <i>Alloprevotella</i>-MDH1 pair was selected as a representative association axis. <i>Alloprevotella</i> abundance was negatively correlated with MDH1 expression, while low MDH1 expression was associated with poorer survival and distinct metabolic-immune states in CRC. Exploratory Mendelian randomization analysis provided preliminary genetic epidemiological support for an association between <i>Alloprevotella</i> abundance and CRC risk.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Intratumoral microbiota and host transcriptional profiles exhibit coordinated, stage-associated alterations in CRC. The identified microbiota-gene associations, particularly the <i>Alloprevotella</i>-MDH1 axis, provide potential biological links between tumor microbial ecology, host metabolism, immune states, and CRC progression. These findings support the value of integrated microbiome-transcriptome analysis for characterizing the intratumoral microenvironment and identifying candidate microbial-host regulatory relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1934580"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13654950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic insight into the antibiotic-resistant determinants of <i>Escherichia coli</i> from small ruminants and manure in North West Province, South Africa.","authors":"Jody Howard, Oriel Thekisoe, Tsepo Ramatla, Kgaugelo E Lekota","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1950193","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1950193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Livestock-associated <i>Escherichia coli</i> are important reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance and virulence determinants, yet comprehensive genomic data describing their genomic diversity and antibiotic resistance in South African small-ruminant production systems remain limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Whole-genome sequencing was performed on 19 <i>E. coli</i> isolates recovered from sheep, goats, and manure collected from two farming systems in the North West Province, South Africa.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Genomic analyses revealed a dual pattern of clonal expansion and deep heterogeneity, with globally distributed sequence types (ST10, ST155) occurring alongside several novel or rarely reported STs. Comparative genomic analyses incorporating average nucleotide identity (ANI), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), <i>in silico</i> serotyping, antimicrobial resistance profiling, virulence characterization, and mobile genetic element analysis revealed substantial genomic diversity, comprising globally disseminated sequence types, including ST10 and ST155, together with several novel and infrequently reported lineages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although most isolates (<i>n</i> =17) belonged to phylogroups A and B1, the resistome was dominated by the multidrug efflux gene <i>mdf(A)</i> (95%) and <i>bla</i> _{TEM - 1B} (58%), corresponding with high phenotypic resistance to erythromycin (74%) and ampicillin (95%), while 26% of isolates exhibited multidrug-resistant phenotypes. Genomic analysis identified 71 plasmids representing diverse incompatibility groups and mobility classes, including conjugative and mobilizable IncHI1B and IncR plasmids carrying clinically relevant resistance genes. Approximately 89% belonged to commensal lineages (A and B1), while groups D and E were each represented by a single isolate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To our knowledge, this represents the first whole-genome sequencing-based genomic characterization of <i>E. coli</i> recovered from sheep and goats in South Africa, thereby expanding the known genomic diversity of livestock-associated <i>E. coli</i> within the country. Furthermore, data generated in this study emphasizes the necessity of ongoing genomic monitoring to track the emergence and spread of resistant <i>E. coli</i>, which is crucial for monitoring and mitigating potential public health risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1950193"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149171615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of straw return combined with different amendments on soil enzyme activities and bacterial community structure in acidic purple soil.","authors":"Binbin Liu, Hua Deng, Qiang Xu, Tianjie Han, Liyuan Mu","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1969469","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1969469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil microorganisms are fundamental drivers of nutrient cycling and ecosystem functioning in agricultural soils, but their responses to management practices in acidic agroecosystems remain insufficiently understood. Acidification-induced changes in soil environmental conditions can constrain bacterial activity and disrupt carbon and nutrient transformation processes. This study investigated how straw return combined with different amendments affects soil enzyme activities and bacterial community structure in acidic purple soil under a 2-year rice-rapeseed rotation system. Six management treatments, including control (CK), conventional fertilization (F), straw return (FT), and straw return combined with calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer (FGT), limestone powder (FST), or biochar (FBT), were established to evaluate their effects on soil properties, enzyme activities, and bacterial communities. The results showed that amendment treatments were associated with contrasting changes in soil biochemical properties and bacterial community characteristics. FST treatment effectively alleviated soil acidity and enhanced urease (S-UE) and peroxidase (S-POD) activities, whereas FBT treatment promoted soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation and stimulated carbon-related enzyme activities. Amendment treatments were associated with variation in bacterial community composition, with treatment-specific differences in dominant bacterial taxa and their associations with soil environmental conditions. Soil pH, SOC, and enzyme activities were important environmental factors associated with bacterial community differentiation. These findings demonstrate that straw return combined with amendments regulates nutrient cycling through amendment-specific bacterial pathways, highlighting the importance of bacterial processes in restoring the health of acidic purple soils and improving the sustainability of their agricultural ecosystems in the Sichuan Basin.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1969469"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiota-derived metabolite signatures in Alzheimer's disease across the cognitive aging continuum: a human-focused systematic review and evidence-weighted knowledge graph.","authors":"Xiaoteng He, Lili Zhang, Caiqiu Song, Yulin Liu","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1925387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1925387","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Gut microbial metabolism is increasingly implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), preclinical amyloid accumulation, and cognitive aging. However, existing reviews often focus on microbial taxonomy rather than the metabolite mediators that connect the gut ecosystem with AD pathology, neuroinflammation, and cognition.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;To systematically synthesize human and translational evidence on microbiota-derived or microbiota-associated metabolite signatures across the cognitive aging continuum using structured evidence synthesis, evidence mapping, and an evidence-weighted knowledge graph.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A systematic search of PubMed, the Web of Science Core Collection, and Academic Search Premier via EBSCOhost was conducted to identify eligible studies. Citation checking and targeted full-text retrieval were used during screening and evidence verification. After de-duplication, records were screened by population, exposure or intervention, comparator, outcome layer, and study design. Human core, human bridge, human intervention, mechanistic/translational, and resource/background-mechanism evidence were coded separately. Module-level quantitative summaries were retained only where data were sufficiently comparable; otherwise, structured direction-of-effect synthesis and evidence mapping were used. Overlapping Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) bile-acid analyses were synthesized as complementary outcome layers rather than treated as independent replications of the same association.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The final evidence pool contains 60 records, including 32 direct, bridge, or intervention human evidence records and 28 mechanistic, translational, animal, cellular, resource, or background-mechanism records. Bile-acid profiles and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-related functional capacity were recurrent human evidence modules. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)/choline-related findings were context dependent, varying by biological matrix, population, renal function, and cardiometabolic context, whereas selected tryptophan/indole/kynurenine pathways remained emerging. Across these metabolite modules, the evidence-weighted knowledge graph showed recurrent convergence on barrier dysfunction, inflammatory and glial signaling, and mitochondrial stress, while retaining context-dependent conflicts and gaps in human validation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The current literature points to a convergent network of microbiota-related metabolic pathways rather than a single metabolite marker or causal route. The synthesis prioritizes external validation of bile-acid signatures, matched multi-compartment assessment of SCFA- and TMAO-related pathways, and direct human testing of indole/kynurenine and lipid-like mechanisms. These priorities require longitudinal and interventional studies with harmonized metabolomics, AD biomarkers, and","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1925387"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149180395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential mechanisms of <i>Bifidobacterium</i>-mediated synergistic antibiotic eradication of drug-resistant <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>.","authors":"Linna Wu, Xin Chen, Mingyu Cui, Shuang Yan, Lijuan Wei, Ruifeng Duan","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1911939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1911939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rising prevalence of antibiotic-resistant <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> has become a major obstacle to the success of conventional eradication therapies, including triple and quadruple regimens combining antibiotics with proton pump inhibitors. There is an urgent need for safe and effective ad-junctive strategies to restore antibiotic efficacy. Probiotics, particularly <i>Bifidobacterium</i> species, have gained increasing attention for their potential to enhance <i>H. pylori</i> eradication and mitigate treatment-associated adverse effects. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of the key molecular mechanisms driving <i>H. pylori</i> antibiotic resistance, including chromosomal mutations, altered expression of outer membrane proteins, enhanced efflux pump activity, biofilm formation, and morphological transition into dormant coccoid forms. Importantly, we critically examine the emerging evidence on how <i>Bifidobacterium</i> may synergize with antibiotics to counteract these resistance mechanisms. The proposed mechanisms include the secretion of bioactive metabolites (e.g., organic acids and antimicrobial peptides), reinforcement of the gastric mucosal barrier, modulation of host immune responses, and competitive exclusion of <i>H. pylori</i>. By integrating these mechanistic in-sights, this review highlights the potential of <i>Bifidobacterium</i> as a promising adjunctive therapeutic agent for overcoming antibiotic-resistant <i>H. pylori</i> infections and calls for more rigorous, strain-specific clinical investigations to translate these findings into practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1911939"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149180492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}