Frontiers in Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Recombinase-based amplification coupled with lateral flow chromatography for the specific and sensitive detection and identification of <i>Leishmania major</i> in cutaneous leishmaniasis patients.","authors":"Insaf Bel Hadj Ali, Yusr Saadi-Ben Aoun, Imen Khammeri, Hejer Souguir, Emna Harigua-Souiai, Hamed Chouaieb, Ahmed S Chakroun, Meryem Lemrani, Aicha Kallel, Kalthoum Kallel, Nabil Haddad, Oussaima El Dbouni, Rhea N Coler, Steven G Reed, Akila Fathallah-Mili, Ikram Guizani","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1514684","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1514684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cutaneous leishmaniases (CL), a wide range of cutaneous diseases caused by diverse species of <i>Leishmania</i> genus parasites, are among the most neglected infectious diseases. While they are non-fatal, CL are highly morbid with disfiguring lesions, which could be chronic, leaving lifelong unsightly scars; they are combined with psychological distress and social stigma. The efficiency of treatment highly depends on the infecting <i>Leishmania</i> species. Diagnosis is mainly based on microscopic direct examination (DE) of Giemsa-stained smears needing experienced microscopists. It can be laborious and time-consuming when the parasite load is low. DE is poorly sensitive and does not identify <i>Leishmania</i> species. So far, only DNA assays accurately identify the species. Despite their wide use for generic detection, PCR methods also require equipment and additional steps to identify causal <i>Leishmania</i> species. <i>L. major</i> is hyperendemic in many countries in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia, where other species co-occur with different endemicity levels according to the situations. This complicates disease management and treatment, particularly as distribution and epidemiology of leishmaniases remain poorly understood. Here, we aimed for a simple and rapid molecular diagnostic test to detect and identify <i>L. major</i>, a predominant CL causal species, which could be prone to become a control tool at the point of care, in endemic areas, using isothermal recombinase DNA amplification (recombinase polymerase amplification, RPA, or recombinase aided amplification, RAA) coupled to detection by the lateral flow (LF) chromatography on a PCRD cassette.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To develop an <i>L. major</i> species-specific RPA-LF assay, computational analysis of 70 <i>Leishmania</i> DNA targets, identified through bibliography and database searches, selected five targets. We designed and tested 7 primer pairs/probe sets to specifically amplify <i>L. major</i> DNAs. First, the primers were tested for species specificity and sensitivity using basic RPA chemistry. Then, to develop RPA-coupled LF detection, we shifted to the nfo chemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This way, we retained one set for further investigation, which confirmed it is <i>L. major</i> species-specific. Tested on 86 human cutaneous samples, this selected set was able to detect 100% of <i>L. major</i> infections in confirmed CL patients. We did not observe any cross-reactivity with lesions due to <i>L. infantum</i> or <i>L. tropica</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1514684"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11807989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome sequence and evaluation of safety and probiotic potential of <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i> LC86 and <i>Lacticaseibacillus casei</i> LC89.","authors":"Ting Chen, Yunjiao Zhao, Yixuan Fan, Yao Dong, Zhonghui Gai","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1501502","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1501502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>A comprehensive safety assessment of potential probiotic strains was essential for their application in the food industry. This article systematically evaluated the probiotic characteristics, whole-genome sequence analysis and safety of <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i> LC86 and <i>Lacticaseibacillus casei</i> LC89.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Firstly, the two strains of lactic acid bacteria selected were identified. Secondly, whole-genome sequencing was performed on LC86 and LC89, and their antibiotic resistance, pathogenicity, and virulence genes were analyzed. We tested various properties of the two strains, included tolerance, cell adhesion, hemolytic activity, catalase activity, gelatin hydrolysis, arginine hydrolysis ability, bile salt hydrolysis capacity, mucin degradation, bioamine, D-/L-lactic acid production and antibiotic susceptibility, to confirm the safety of LC86 and LC89 both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Additionally, we studied the acute toxicity of LC86 and LC89 in mice through a 14-day oral gavage experiment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The two strains selected were identified as <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i> and <i>Lacticaseibacillus casei</i>. The genomes of both LC86 and LC89 were devoid of virulence, antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity genes. LC86 and LC89 exhibited good tolerance to temperature, artificial gastric fluid and artificial intestinal fluid; they were non-hemolytic, their catalase activity, gelatin hydrolysis, arginine hydrolysis and bile salt hydrolysis were all negative. They exhibited the capability to break down proteins and demonstrated sensitivity to a range of antibiotics. The oral LD₅₀ for both LC86 and LC89 in mice was >2 × 10¹⁰ CFU/kg.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The experimental results above demonstrated the probiotic characteristics and safety of LC86 and LC89, indicating their potential as candidates for probiotics for human and animal applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1501502"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel delivery systems for phages and lysins in the topical management of wound infections: a narrative review.","authors":"Pan Yang, Jing Li, Xiumei Ma, Nan Hu, Zhangyong Song, Bin Chen, Shizhu Li","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1526096","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1526096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currently, multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial wound infections (WIs) are an extremely challenging clinical problem for physicians. Recently, compared to traditional single liquid delivery drugs, the study of five novel drug delivery systems (i.e., hydrogel, liposomes, electrospun fibers, nanoparticles and nanoemulsion) for phages and their encoded lysins in WI management has become a hot topic. To assess the current landscape of these emerging technologies, we conducted a comprehensive literature search across PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science up to July 2024, using terms such as \"phage,\" \"lysin,\" \"wound,\" \"hydrogel,\" \"liposomes,\" \"fibers,\" \"nanoparticles,\" and \"nanoemulsion.\" The criteria included original studies of five novel delivery systems for phages and lysins in WI management. The findings highlighted the positive effects of the five novel delivery systems for phages and lysins in WI management, significantly reducing wound bacterial populations, and accelerating healing at the injury site. However, the available literature on novel delivery systems for phages and lysins remains limited, particularly for lysins. In conclusion, the application of novel drug delivery systems for phages and lysins showed great potential in combating MDR bacterial WIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1526096"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel H16N3 avian influenza viruses isolated from migratory gulls in China in 2023.","authors":"Peng Peng, Jinyan Shen, Wenjun Shi, Jing Guo, Mengjing Wang, Wenxi Li, Zhiqin Yue, Xiaohong Sun, Mengdi Guan, Lili Liu, Hongke Xu, Yujiao Xie, Anran Ren, Mingfeng Liu, Wenqiang Liu, Zhibin Zhang, Zhishu Xiao, Xuyong Li","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1543338","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1543338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a rare subtype of avian influenza virus, H16 viruses are predominant in gulls but rarely found in domestic birds. The low prevalence of H16 viruses has limited our understanding of their epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics. In this study, we isolated three novel H16N3 viruses from migratory gulls in East Asian-Australasian Flyway in eastern China in 2023, which are significantly different from previously identified isolates. To fully understand the epidemiology and genetics characteristics of the global H16 viruses, we compared the host divergence of several rare subtypes and determined that the H13 and H16 subtypes were predominantly pooled into different species of gulls by sharing their internal genes, whereas the waterfowl of <i>Anatidae</i> served as the primary natural reservoirs of the H8, H11, H12, H14, and H15 subtypes. Detailed phylogenetic analysis revealed the evolutionary divergence of globally circulating H16 viruses and their frequent gene reassortment. Furthermore, the gull origin H13 and H16 viruses collectively served as gene donors for the newly emerged highly pathogenic clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 viruses because the H13/H16-like PA, NP, and NS genes have been introduced into circulating H5N1 viruses since May 2022 in Europe. To date, the H5N1 reassortants containing the H13/H16-like gene segments have been detected in wild and domestic birds and resulted in mammal and human infections. These results improve our knowledge of the ecology and genetics of H16 viruses and emphasize the need for surveillance to monitor the emergence of novel avian influenza viruses in migratory birds.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1543338"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11802517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prophylactic phage administration provides a time window for delayed treatment of vancomycin-resistant <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> in a murine bacteremia model.","authors":"Wei-Xiao Wang, Jiao-Yang Yu, Xiu-Zhen Chen, Shi-Yong Fu, Hui Li, Peng-Cheng Yi, Yun-Yao Ren, Shuang-Lin Gu, Jing-Han Gao, Jing Fan, Yan-Mei Sun, Jie Feng, Shi-Wei Wang, Wei Chen","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1504696","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1504696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vancomycin-resistant <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> (VRE) poses a significant challenge in clinical settings due to its resistance to multiple antibiotics. Phage therapy offers a promising alternative to address this resistance crisis. However, critical gaps remain regarding optimal dosing, therapeutic design, and treatment timing for phage therapy targeting VRE-induced bacteremia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The biological and genomic characteristics of a novel lytic phage specific to VRE were investigated. Its <i>in vitro</i> bactericidal and antibiofilm activities were evaluated, along with its synergy with antimicrobial agents. <i>In vitro</i> safety and protective efficacy were assessed using a mouse bacteremia model. The impact of phage therapy on gut microbiota was examined through 16S rDNA gene sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We isolated and characterized a novel lytic phage, vB_EfaS-1017, specific to vancomycin-resistant <i>E. faecalis</i>. This phage features a circular, double-stranded DNA genome (40,766 bp), sharing 91.19% identity and 79% coverage with <i>Enterococcus</i> phage vB_EfaS_SRH2. vB_EfaS-1017 exhibited robust bactericidal and antibiofilm activity <i>in vitro</i> and demonstrated synergy with levofloxacin. Safety assessments confirmed its non-toxicity to mammalian cells and lack of hemolytic activity. In a mouse bacteremia model, phage treatment alone rescued 60% of infected mice, while combining phage with levofloxacin increased survival to 80%. Prophylactic administration of phage 24 hours prior to infection failed to prevent mortality. However, a combination of prophylactic phage administration and delayed treatment rescued 60% of mice, compared to 100% mortality in the delayed treatment alone group. Additionally, phage therapy helped maintain or restore gut microbiota balance.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings underscore the potential of phage-antibiotic combinations as a superior therapeutic strategy against VRE infections. The observed synergy between phages and antibiotics highlights a promising approach to overcoming bacterial resistance and improving clinical outcomes. Furthermore, prophylactic phage administration may provide a critical time window for effective delayed treatment. Further preclinical research is essential to refine phage therapy protocols for clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1504696"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11802572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of <i>Salmonella Typhimurium</i> infection on intestinal flora and intestinal tissue arachidonic acid metabolism in Wenchang chickens.","authors":"Shenghong Chen, Yaochen Xie, Dingqian Guo, Tiansen Li, Zhen Tan, Xuhua Ran, Xiaobo Wen","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1514115","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1514115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Salmonella</i> infections can lead to intestinal inflammation and metabolic disorders in birds. However, whether arachidonic acid (ARA) metabolism is involved in <i>Salmonella</i>-induced intestinal inflammation remains unclear. This experiment investigated the changes in cecal flora and ARA metabolism in Hainan Wenchang chickens infected with <i>S. Typhimurium</i> using 16s rDNA sequencing and targeted metabolomics. The results showed that the levels of ARA metabolites were increased in the cecum tissue of Wenchang chickens after infection with <i>S. Typhimurium</i>, including prostaglandin E2 (PGE₂), prostaglandin F2α (PGF_2α), lipoxin A4 (LXA4), ± 8(9)-EET, ± 11(12)-EET, and ± 8,9-DiHETrE. The content of key enzymes for ARA production and metabolism (Phospholipase A2 PLA2 and Cyclooxygenase-2 COX-2) in chicken cecum tissues was increased after <i>S. Typhimurium</i> infection. The relative mRNA levels of inflammatory factors were also increased after infection, including Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), Interleukin-4 (IL-4), and Interleukin-6 (IL-6). In HD11 cells, the use of a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor reduced the increased levels of COX-2 and PGF_2α induced by <i>S. Typhimurium</i> infection and effectively reduced the inflammatory response. In addition, the number of beneficial genera (e.g., <i>Bifidobacterium</i>, <i>Lactobacillus</i>, and <i>Odorobacterium</i>) in the cecum of Wenchang chickens was significantly reduced after infection with <i>S. Typhimurium</i>. The present study revealed the structure of cecal flora in <i>S. Typhimurium</i>-infected Wenchang chickens. In addition, this study demonstrated that <i>S. Typhimurium</i> activates the ARA cyclooxygenase metabolic pathway, which in turn mediates the development of intestinal inflammation in Wenchang chickens. The results can provide data support and theoretical support for the prevention and control of avian salmonellosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1514115"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11803450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a multi-antigenic adenovirus-based vaccine candidate against <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>.","authors":"Jin-Seung Yun, Eunkyung Shin, Young-Ran Lee, Jung-Ah Lee, Hyeokjin Lee, Jong-Seok Kim, Sung Jae Shin, Sang-Jun Ha, Sang-Won Lee, Dokeun Kim, Jung-Sik Yoo, Hye-Sook Jeong","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1492268","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1492268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The inadequate efficacy of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine against adult pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) necessitates the development of new and effective vaccines. Human adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5), which induces T-cell response, is a widely used viral vector. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a multi-antigenic recombinant Ad5 vectored vaccine and determine the optimal immunization route for enhanced immune response against <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We constructed a multi-antigenic recombinant Ad5 vectored vaccine expressing four antigens (Ag85B-ESAT6-MPT64-Rv2660c) of <i>M. tuberculosis</i> (rAd-TB4), immunized with rAd-TB4 (5 × 10⁷ infectious virus units/mouse) twice at an interval of 4 weeks starting at 10 weeks after BCG priming, and evaluated its boosting efficacy in a BCG-primed mouse model, and determined the optimal immunization route.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the BCG-only (2 × 10⁵ colony forming units/mouse), subcutaneous injection of rAd-TB4 (1 × 10⁷ infectious virus units/mL; two doses) elicited a T-cell response and cytokine production in lung lymphocytes and splenocytes. rAd-TB4 immunization significantly reduced bacterial loads and inflamed lung areas compared to BCG immunization (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and protected against the H37Rv challenge performed at 17 weeks of BCG priming. RNA sequencing of the whole blood of rAd-TB4-vaccinated mice collected pre- and, 1 and 4 weeks post-infection, identified differentially expressed genes associated with immune and inflammatory responses, especially those in the Wnt signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results indicate that rAd-TB4 immunization enhances the immune response to the vaccine boosting antigens in BCG-primed mice, making it a potential adult pulmonary TB vaccine candidate.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1492268"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11802578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infusion line contamination in preterm neonates: impact of infusion line design, length, and use duration: the multicenter ChronoBIOline study.","authors":"Sandra Dos Santos, Anne-Sophie Valentin, Mathilde Farizon, Manon Charbonneau, Mohamed Riadh Boukhris, Roselyne Brat, Fabiana Cazzorla, Jennifer Chauvel, Fabrice Cneude, Pauline Coutable, Maryvonne Demasure, Emeline Duminil, Vénonique Faraut-Derouin, Maud Gits Muselli, Valérie Gorin, Rosemary Goujon, Melinda Guillouche-Puissant, Nadine Hacinlioglu, Caroline Landelle, Annick Lefebvre, Elise Leroy-Terquem, Aurore Martinet, Camille Massebeuf, Nadia Mazille Orfanos, Guillaume Menard, Laure Menvielle, Vanessa Monin, Virginie Morange, Juliana Patkai, Nathalie Perrault, Emilie Prat, Nathalie van der Mee-Marquet","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1495568","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1495568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Central venous catheters are critical in preterm neonatal care but increase the risk of central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs). The incidence of <i>S. haemolyticus</i>-associated CLABSIs in French neonates is increasing, but the mechanisms underlying this trend remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined microorganisms in 108 central line infusion sets used in preterm infants across 12 neonatal intensive care units, and collected at the time of removal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The infusion sets varied widely in type (28 types; 1-6 parts) and length (10-180 cm, mean 52.9 cm). Contamination was detected in 24 infusion sets (22.2%), mainly by coagulase-negative <i>Staphylococci</i> (50.0%) and <i>Bacillus</i> species (41.7%). Higher contamination rates were linked to longer infusion lines (> 50 cm; <i>p</i> < 0.001), usage beyond 7 days (p = 0.002), and multi-line infusion systems (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings are fully consistent with guidelines, which recommend simpler designs and a 4 or 7-day use of infusion sets, emphasizing the importance of adhering to these guidelines to reduce the risk of CLABSIs. Additionally, our findings raise concerns regarding the use of multi-line infusion systems. These devices, which combine extended infusion line length, manufacturer-authorized use of up to 21 days, and intermittent use of certain infusion lines, are easily contaminated during use, creating a high-risk situation for central line contamination.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1495568"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11802565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the fungal symphony: unveiling the fungal dynamics during the fermentation of traditional Chinese strong-flavor <i>Daqu</i>.","authors":"Lina Zhao, Wenjing Zhang, Yuting Niu, Xiaohan Chen, Jiuyang Guo, Ying Wu, Xuan Li, Shaobin Gu","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1540118","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1540118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Daqu</i>, a starter culture rich in microorganisms like bacteria and fungi, is central to vinification and liquor brewing, yet fungal contributions are often understudied. In this study, we used Illumina MiSeq sequencing to investigate the succession of fungal community during Chinese strong-flavor liquor fermentation. The results showed that the alpha and beta diversity of fungal community were significantly different during <i>Daqu</i> fermentation. The dominant phyla and genera are Ascomycota and <i>Saccharomycopsis</i>, respectively. Co-occurrence network analysis identified 10 keystone species during <i>Daqu</i> fermentation, displaying that the positive correlations (99.64%) dominated the fungal network. The redundancy analysis showed that moisture has the most significant influence on the <i>Daqu</i> fungal community. Concurrently, a robust association was observed between 10 keystone fungal genera and environmental parameters such as acidity and moisture. These findings not only elucidated the intricate dynamics of the fungal community succession and the interplays among fungi but also pinpointed the primary drivers of the fungal community and its keystone species during the <i>Daqu</i> fermentation process. Ultimately, this research presented novel perspectives for enhancing the quality and precision of liquor production by shedding light on the central role of keystone species in maintaining community stability and their adaptive responses to environmental stimuli.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1540118"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11802508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota and quantitative traits divergence at different altitude of long-tailed dwarf hamsters, <i>Cricetulus longicaudatus</i>.","authors":"Yue Ren, Mengfan Tao, Xiaoliang Wang, Xinsheng Pu, Guangtong Guo, Kuiyou Chen, Bingyu Zhao, Yu Hou, Xin'gen Yang, Yumei Xu","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1531629","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1531629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate the community structure and diversity of gut microflora and their function in body mass regulation, as well as the effects of various locations on gut microbiota and <i>Cricetulus longicaudatus</i> body mass regulation at various elevations. We examined the diversity, abundance, and community structure of the gut microbiota of long-tailed dwarf hamsters from eight regions in Shanxi province during summer using 16S rDNA sequencing technology and analyzed the relationships between these microbiota and environmental variables as well as morphological indicators. The results revealed Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes as the dominant phyla at the phylum level, with Lactobacillus emerging as the predominant genus. We observed differences of gut microflora between different areas, and this diversity is affected by altitude. The high-altitude areas individuals had lower β diversity of gut microbiota than the low-altitude area. Moreover, the body and skull indexes of long-tailed dwarf hamsters also changed with altitude. The result presented in this study indicated that the body size of long-tailed dwarf hamsters conforms to Bergmann's law. And Providencia had significant correlation with body size. Finally, functional analysis of the gut microbiota showed changes in metabolic function that depended on elevation, and collinear network analysis showed how the gut microbiota interacts with each other. All of these results suggest that long-tailed hamsters are different depending on their altitude, with altitude being the main factor affecting both the structure of microbes and the way their metabolism works. This study shows that altitude has a big effect on the gut microbiota and phenotypic traits of long-tailed hamsters. It also shows how well this species can adapt to changes in altitude.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1531629"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}