Frontiers in Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Correction: Unlocking soil fertility: a physicochemical characterization of novel microalgal biofertilizers from <i>Tetradesmus nygaardii</i> and <i>Closteriopsis acicularis</i> for enhanced crop performance.","authors":"Anab Mujtaba, Rameesha Abid, Saira Bano, Tariq Khalil, Asif Jamal, Muhammad Zahid Qureshi, Muhammad Ishtiaq Ali","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1846358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1846358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2026.1755868.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1846358"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13127436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147812892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Widespread deep-sea microorganisms in subseafloor geochemical cycling.","authors":"Renee L Hageman, Sven Le Moine Bauer, Ingunn H Thorseth, Jo Brendryen, Tor Einar Møller, Réka Böröcz, Hannah R Babel, Bjarte Hannisdal, Steffen Leth Jørgensen","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1790163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1790163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The subseafloor biosphere is one of the largest ecosystems on Earth, hosting dense populations of microbial cells. Microbial activity is critical to the Earth's geochemical cycles of major elements such as carbon and nitrogen. Despite a growing knowledge of subseafloor microbial diversity, the function and environmental significance of the many uncharacterized lineages remain elusive, along with their importance to the Earth's geochemical cycles. Identification of key microorganisms involved in the cycling of major elements is needed for advancing our understanding of how deep-sea sedimentary microbes influence global climate. Here we use the machine learning technique decision tree to identify which microbial families in deep-sea sediments correlate with geochemical variability in oxygen, nitrate, ammonium, and divalent manganese. We analyzed 1,114 deep-sea sediment samples from 60 sites at water depths ranging from 1,050-10,902 m located along the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge (20), the Western North Atlantic Gyre (3), the mid-Atlantic ridge (2), the North-West Pacific Ocean (14), the South China Sea (10), and the South Pacific Ocean (11). Decision tree rule mining revealed deep-sea sedimentary microbial families that likely contribute to subseafloor ecosystem functioning worldwide through four main metabolic pathways: aerobic nitrification, facultative anaerobic heterotrophy, anaerobic ammonium oxidation, and anaerobic heterotrophy. These families may thus be relevant targets for cultivation experiments, representation of functional groups in Earth system models, and monitoring of environmental change in deep-sea sediments caused by environmental perturbations (e.g., deep-sea mining and declining ocean oxygen concentrations).</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1790163"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13127444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147813180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-genome sequencing-based characterization of resistome and virulome in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> isolated from ready-to-eat foods.","authors":"Nuha Anajirih, Sulaiman A Anagreyyah, Hanka Brangsch, Shawky Moustafa, Dalia F Khater, Ahmed S Gesraha, Amira M Rizk, Heinrich Neubauer, Gamal Wareth","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1788677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1788677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Klebsiella</i> (<i>K.</i>) <i>pneumoniae</i> is a major antimicrobial-resistant pathogen of global concern. It has increasingly been reported outside clinical settings, including food products. However, genomic data on food-derived <i>K. pneumoniae</i> in Egypt remain limited. In this study, we investigated the genomic diversity, antimicrobial susceptibility, and phylogenetic relationships of <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolated from ready-for-consumption foods obtained from Egyptian supermarkets. Eleven isolates were recovered from dairy products (milk and yogurt) and catfish. Isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF MS and confirmed by whole genome sequencing (WGS). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed against a panel of clinically relevant antibiotics. Genomic analyses included multilocus sequence typing (MLST), detection of resistance and virulence associated genes, and SNP based phylogenetic reconstruction. The SNP-based phylogenetic analysis was performed using an additional 77 publicly available Egyptian clinical isolates. Most isolates displayed a predominantly susceptible antimicrobial phenotype. Resistance was largely restricted to piperacillin. All genomes carried intrinsic resistance determinants, including multiple <i>bla</i>SHV alleles and <i>fos</i>A variants. These did not correlate with phenotypic resistance to cephalosporins or fosfomycin. MLST revealed heterogeneous lineages, including clinically relevant sequence types ST37 and ST105, as well as a novel sequence type. Phylogenetic analysis showed that some food-derived isolates clustered closely with the genomes of Egyptian clinical isolates. Others formed genetically distinct lineages, indicating diverse origins within the food chain. These findings show that ready-to-eat foods in Egypt can harbor genetically diverse <i>K. pneumoniae</i> strains. Some populations include lineages related to clinical strains, despite limited phenotypic resistance. The study highlights the importance of integrating phenotypic antimicrobial testing with WGS based surveillance. Such integration can better assess the public health significance of foodborne <i>K. pneumoniae</i> within a One Health framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1788677"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13125084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147813128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The microbiota-gut-brain axis perspective: mechanisms and intervention strategies for the comorbidity of chronic constipation and depression.","authors":"Bianfang Yu, Wen-Wen Zhao, Longhao Tao, Kejian Li","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1800520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1800520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic constipation and depression are highly prevalent worldwide. These two conditions frequently co-occur in clinical practice. Accumulating evidence indicates that gut microbiota dysbiosis mediates this comorbidity through the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This narrative review systematically summarizes current research on MGBA bidirectional communication mechanisms, gut microbiota alterations in comorbid patients, and microbiota-targeted intervention strategies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MGBA facilitates bidirectional communication through four major pathways: neural pathways via the vagus nerve, immune pathways via cytokines, endocrine pathways via the HPA axis, and metabolic pathways via short-chain fatty acids and neurotransmitter precursors. Gut dysbiosis is associated with comorbidity and may contribute to its pathogenesis through multiple mechanisms. First, neurotransmitter metabolism becomes dysregulated, particularly in the serotonin and GABA systems. Second, chronic low-grade inflammation develops with elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines. Third, intestinal barrier dysfunction occurs, leading to increased permeability and bacterial translocation. Fourth, HPA axis hyperactivity emerges. Fifth, production of microbial metabolites is altered, including short-chain fatty acids and tryptophan metabolites. Comorbid patients exhibit characteristic microbiota signatures. These include reduced abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria such as Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, and Coprococcus. Microbial diversity decreases significantly. Pro-inflammatory taxa become enriched. Several evidence-based interventions show promise. These include psychobiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and dietary modifications such as Mediterranean diet and high-fiber intake. Exercise and integrative approaches including traditional Chinese medicine also demonstrate beneficial effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The gut microbiota represents a critical hub connecting gastrointestinal and mental health. Microbiota-targeted therapies offer promising strategies for managing chronic constipation-depression comorbidity. Future research should establish causal relationships and develop reliable microbial biomarkers. Precision medicine approaches based on individual microbiome profiles are needed to optimize therapeutic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1800520"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13124977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147812908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Epidemiology and control of emerging/re-emerging poultry and waterfowl diseases.","authors":"Weiwei Wang, Jiafeng Wu, Matteo Legnardi, Tianchao Wei, Chunhe Wan, Ping Wei, Yu Huang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1841273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1841273","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1841273"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13127368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147813201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broad-spectrum phage cocktail targeting <i>Campylobacter</i> improves survival in <i>Galleria mellonella</i>, a bridging host model for poultry biocontrol.","authors":"Estibaliz Ruiz-Santamaría, Amaia Lasagabaster, Gaizka Carregal, Katherine Miranda-Cadena, Estibaliz Mateo","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1744469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1744469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> are the main agents of campylobacteriosis, a globally prevalent foodborne illness predominantly linked to the consumption of contaminated poultry products. The increasing antimicrobial resistance in <i>Campylobacter</i> requires innovative control strategies throughout the poultry production chain. Bacteriophages, highly specific bacterial viruses, represent a promising biocontrol approach capable of selectively targeting <i>Campylobacter</i> without disrupting the natural microbiota. However, early-stage validation in intermediate models, such as <i>Galleria mellonella</i>, is essential to ensure safety and efficacy before application in poultry, as has been established for other zoonotic pathogens. This study evaluated the <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> efficacy of a novel four-phage cocktail targeting <i>Campylobacter. In vitro</i> assays showed that the phage cocktail successfully lysed all 13 strains tested, and each individual phage displayed a broad lytic spectrum, with most strains being susceptible to multiple phages. <i>In vivo</i> virulence screening in <i>G. mellonella</i> revealed marked strain-dependent virulence, with only five of 13 strains reducing larval survival below 50%. Phage efficacy <i>in vivo</i> was optimized using <i>C. jejuni</i> CJE065, the most virulent strain in the model. The phage cocktail applied at MOI 10 increased the <i>G. mellonella</i> survival from 25.5% in untreated controls to 57.5% (<i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas lower MOIs provided only transient protection. Phage-antibiotic therapy combining phage cocktail and either erythromycin or ciprofloxacin further enhanced larval survival rates, reaching up to 88.8 and 83.8%, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Overall, these findings support the potential use of this phage cocktail as an early-stage intervention against <i>Campylobacter</i> and highlight <i>G. mellonella</i> as a suitable intermediate model for optimizing phage-based treatments while reducing the need for vertebrate models.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1744469"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13125106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147813223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined effects of earthworms and <i>Bacillus</i> spp. enhance soil ecosystem multifunctionality and reshape microbial communities.","authors":"Yuanye Xiao, Menghao Zhang, Hesen Zhong, Cevin Tibihenda, Xinyu Li, My Dung Jusselme, Qi Chao, Runqian Mao, Chi Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1799265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1799265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long-term physicochemical agricultural management in tobacco systems has impaired the soil ecosystem multifunctionality, disrupted the soil microbial community structure, and affected the long-term health of farmland ecosystems. As key beneficial soil macrofauna and bacteria, earthworms and <i>Bacillus</i> spp., respectively, contribute independently to the improvement of soil quality and enhance plant growth. However, their synergistic effects on soil ecosystem multifunctionality and microbial communities remain unclear, particularly in tobacco systems. Therefore, we tested their individual and interactive effects in a tobacco pot experiment with four treatments: control (CK), earthworm inoculation alone (E), <i>Bacillus</i> spp. inoculation alone (B), and co-inoculation of earthworms and <i>Bacillus</i> spp. (EB). Earthworm inoculation alone significantly increased soil alkaline-hydrolyzable nitrogen and total nitrogen contents, as well as catalase activity, while co-inoculation further enhanced alkaline-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and catalase activity. Earthworm activity, whether applied individually or in combination with <i>Bacillus</i> spp., significantly altered the β-diversity of soil bacterial communities. Both <i>Bacillus</i> spp. and earthworm inoculation independently increased the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota and decreased that of <i>Fusarium</i>. Moreover, earthworm inoculation alone significantly increased the relative abundance of <i>Penicillium</i> and <i>Mortierella</i>, whereas co-inoculation significantly increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, and Verrucomicrobiota. Earthworm inoculation alone and co-inoculation significantly enhanced soil ecosystem multifunctionality. In addition, all biotic treatments (B, E, EB) promoted the complexity of bacterial and fungal co-occurrence networks. Random forest analysis showed that catalase activity and total nitrogen were the key factors affecting soil ecosystem multifunctionality; available phosphorus was the main factor influencing soil bacterial network complexity; and dissolved organic carbon and total nitrogen were the key factors affecting fungal network complexity. In summary, this study demonstrates that earthworms are the core drivers of enhanced soil ecosystem multifunctionality and microbial community structure in tobacco systems, while <i>Bacillus</i> spp. exert synergistic effects by strengthening the ecological foundation established by earthworms.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1799265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13125008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147813282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paving the way or sharing goods?-Interactions between pairs of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> sequentially isolated from respiratory samples of patients on mechanical ventilation.","authors":"John Erlingsen, Dmytro Sokol, Oleksandr Ilchenko, Meissiner Gomes-Fernandes, Olena Rzhepishevska, Cristina Prat-Aymerich, Henrik Antti, Alicia Lacoma, Madeleine Ramstedt","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1798383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1798383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bacterial colonization of medical devices is promoting hospital-acquired infections leading to worsening patient outcomes and high costs for society. Sequential bacterial colonization of surfaces may provide altered conditions that benefit pathogens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study we have investigated the interactions between two pairs of clinical isolates collected from patients that were on mechanical ventilation. Two patients were first colonized by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and thereafter <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> settled. The two <i>P. aeruginosa</i> isolates were weak colonizers in monoculture. We investigated two hypotheses: (1) <i>S. aureus</i> preconditions material surfaces, facilitating adhesion of later colonizers. (2) <i>S. aureus</i> provides an altered nutrient environment promoting the growth and settlement of other bacteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Surface preconditioning did not seem to enhance colonization of <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. However, bacterial growth, biofilm formation, ratio of colony forming units, and metabolic profiles were influenced by co-cultivation. The effects varied depending on nutrient content in the medium.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In general, co-cultures appeared to benefit clinical isolates to a higher degree, compared to reference strains. The results indicate that differences in airway microenvironment between patients may have a large effect on the infection process and which pathogens that persist.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1798383"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13127463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147813399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic characterization of clinical and environmental <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> O1 and O139 isolates in Jiaxing, China, with identification of a <i>ctx</i>-positive O139 strain harboring an IncC plasmid.","authors":"Miaomiao Jia, Ping Li, Yong Yan, Qiong Wu, Xuejuan Liu, Lei Gao, Guoying Zhu, Zhongwen Chen","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1751786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1751786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Vibrio cholerae</i> serogroups O1 and O139 are responsible for epidemic and pandemic cholera. Although the pathogenic potential and genomic diversity of <i>V. cholerae</i> strains have been extensively studied in endemic regions, limited genomic data are available for more developed regions such as Jiaxing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 15 <i>V. cholerae</i> O1 and O139 isolates (eight clinical and seven environmental) collected between 2021 and 2024 were analyzed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed, and whole-genome sequencing was conducted. Comparative genomic analyses were used to characterize antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants, virulence-associated genes, and population structure. Core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) was applied to assess genetic relatedness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All strains were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, tigecycline, and amikacin. Elevated MIC values were observed for colistin; however, no interpretive criteria are available for <i>V. cholerae</i>. By contrast, high resistance rates were observed for streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and azithromycin. Resistance genes, including <i>qnr</i>, <i>tet</i>, <i>mph</i>, and <i>sul</i>, were widely distributed, while <i>bla</i> genes were absent. One clinical O139 strain, VC0827, was found to harbor the <i>ctxAB</i> genes, a truncated CTX prophage, and an IncC plasmid (pVC0827), which carried several antimicrobial resistance genes including <i>tet</i>(<i>A/B/M</i>), <i>flor</i>, <i>sul2</i>, and <i>msr</i>(<i>E</i>). cgMLST analysis revealed three main clusters; VC0827 clustered closely with seventh-pandemic reference strains and shared sequence type ST69. The observed gene duplications (e.g., <i>ace</i> and <i>zot</i>) in VC0827 may enhance its toxigenic potential.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the genomic diversity and resistance profiles of <i>V. cholerae</i> in Jiaxing. The identification of a potentially virulent, multidrug-resistant O139 strain underscores the need for continuous genomic surveillance to monitor the emergence of toxigenic lineages and horizontal gene transfer.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1751786"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13125177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147813252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional characterization and mechanistic basis of antifungal and plant growth-promoting traits of <i>Streptomyces</i> sp. LZZY-S40.","authors":"Lan Ye, Pinjiao Jin, Zhenhua Liu, Dongmiao Qin, Haolin Wang, Liyang Chu","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2026.1800596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1800596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biological control agents (BCAs) represent a sustainable and environmentally benign alternative to synthetic chemical pesticides in modern agriculture. Among these, <i>Streptomyces</i> species are widely recognized for their ability to suppress phytopathogens and promote plant growth through diverse functional traits. In this study, a <i>Streptomyces</i> strain designated LZZY-S40 (=CGMCC No.30320) was evaluated for its antifungal activity using dual-culture assays and for its plant growth-promoting (PGP) potential through seedling growth assays and functional trait analysis. Genome mining and LC-MS-based metabolomic profiling were further performed to investigate its biosynthetic potential and secondary metabolite composition. Strain LZZY-S40 exhibited broad-spectrum antifungal activity against nine plant-pathogenic fungi, with inhibition rates ranging from 55.8% to 92.8%, the strongest suppression was observed against <i>Exserohilum turcicum</i> (92.8%). Further analyses indicated that strain LZZY-S40 is capable of producing extracellular proteases, suggesting a potential contribution to its antifungal activity. Genome mining identified several secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) associated with the production of antimicrobial compounds, including those responsible for the biosynthesis of undecylprodigiosin and manumycin A. These genomic predictions were corroborated by LC-MS analysis. In addition to its antifungal properties, strain LZZY-S40 significantly enhanced the growth of wheat seedlings. At a concentration of 10⁵ CFU·ml^-1, it increased root length by 88.3%, shoot length by 37.9%, and fresh weight by 32.1%. Consistent with these phenotypic effects, the strain tested positive for multiple well-established PGP traits-including indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, siderophore secretion, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity, and nitrogenase-mediated nitrogen fixation-providing mechanistic support for its growth-enhancing capacity. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that strain LZZY-S40 exhibits robust antifungal activity against a broad spectrum of plant-pathogenic fungi and promotes plant growth significantly. Mechanistic investigations provided preliminary insights into the strain's antifungal and plant growth-promoting traits, contributing to a better understanding of its potential as a dual-action biocontrol agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1800596"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13127372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147813286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}