Frontiers in Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"The gene <i>YEF3</i> function encoding translation elongation factor eEF3 is partially conserved across fungi.","authors":"Giovanna Maldonado, Alejandra García, Saturnino Herrero, Irene Castaño, Michael Altmann, Reinhard Fischer, Greco Hernández","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1438900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1438900","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Translation is a fundamental process of life. In eukaryotes, the elongation step of translation is highly conserved and is driven by eukaryotic translation elongation factors (eEF)1A and eEF2. A significant variation of the elongation is the activity of eukaryotic elongation factor (eEF) 3 in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> encoded by the gene yeast elongation factor (<i>YEF3</i>) with orthologs in all fungal species, a few algae, and some protists. In <i>S. cerevisiae, YEF3</i> is an essential gene and eEF3 plays a critical role in translation elongation, as it promotes binding of the ternary complex acylated-Transfer RNA (tRNA)-eEF1A-Guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP) to the aminoacyl (A) site of the ribosome, the release of uncharged tRNAs after peptide translocation, and ribosome recycling. Even though <i>YEF3</i> was discovered more than 40 years ago, eEF3 has been characterized almost exclusively in <i>S. cerevisiae</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We undertook an <i>in vivo</i> genetic approach to assess the functional conservation of <i>eEF3</i> across phylogenetically distant fungal species.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that <i>eEF3</i> from <i>Zygosaccharomyces rouxii</i> and <i>Candida glabrata</i> (both belonging to <i>phylum</i> Ascomycota), <i>Ustilago maydis</i> (<i>phylum</i> Basidiomycota), and <i>Gonapodya prolifera</i> (<i>phylum</i> Monoblepharomycota), but not <i>Aspergillus nidulans</i> (<i>phylum</i> Ascomycota), supported the growth of <i>S. cerevisiae</i> lacking the endogenous <i>YEF3</i> gene. We also proved that <i>eEF3</i> is an essential gene in the ascomycetes <i>C. glabrata</i> and <i>A. nidulans</i>.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Given that most existing knowledge on fungal translation has only been obtained from <i>S. cerevisiae</i>, our findings beyond this organism showed variability in the elongation process in Fungi. We also proved that <i>eEF3</i> is essential in pathogenic fungi, opening the possibility of using eEF3 as a target to fight candidiasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11378755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Insights in extreme microbiology: 2023.","authors":"Andreas Teske, Philippe M Oger","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1473691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1473691","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11378837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142157169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of soil microbiology and metabolomics to elucidate the mechanism of the accelerated infestation of tobacco by the root-knot nematode.","authors":"Yinghua Sang, Ke Ren, Yi Chen, Bin Wang, Yufang Meng, Wenbing Zhou, Yonglei Jiang, Junju Xu","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1455880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1455880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tobacco root-knot nematode (TRKN) disease is a soil-borne disease that presents a major hazard to the cultivation of tobacco, causing significant reduction in crop quality and yield, and affecting soil microbial diversity and metabolites. However, differences in rhizosphere soil microbial communities and metabolites between healthy tobacco soils and tobacco soils with varying degrees of TRKN infection remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, diseased rhizosphere soils of tobacco infected with different degrees of TRKN [severally diseased (DH) soils, moderately diseased (DM) soils, and mildly diseased (DL) soils] and healthy (H) rhizosphere soils were collected. Here, we combined microbiology with metabolomics to investigate changes in rhizosphere microbial communities and metabolism in healthy and TRKN-infected tobacco using high-throughput sequencing and LC-MS/MS platforms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the Chao1 and Shannon indices of bacterial communities in moderately and mildly diseased soils were significantly higher than healthy soils. The Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Ascomycota, Burkholderia, <i>Bradyrhizobium</i> and <i>Dyella</i> were enriched in the rhizosphere soil of healthy tobacco. Basidiomycota, Agaricales, Pseudeurotiaceae and <i>Ralstonia</i> were enriched in severally diseased soils. Besides, healthy soils exhibited a relatively complex and interconnected network of bacterial molecular ecologies, while in severally and moderately diseased soils the fungal molecular networks are relatively complex. Redundancy analysis showed that total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, significantly affected the changes in microbial communities. In addition, metabolomics results indicated that rhizosphere soil metabolites were significantly altered after tobacco plants were infected with TRKNs. The relative abundance of organic acids was higher in severally diseased soils. Spearman's analyses showed that oleic acid, C16 sphinganine, 16-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid, D-erythro-3-methylmalate were positively correlated with Basidiomycota, Agaricales, <i>Ralstonia</i>.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In conclusion, this study revealed the relationship between different levels of TRKN invasion of tobacco root systems with bacteria, fungi, metabolites and soil environmental factors, and provides a theoretical basis for the biological control of TRKN disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11377229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics alteration of the gut microbiota and faecal metabolomes in very low or extremely low birth weight infants: a Chinese single-center, prospective cohort study.","authors":"Ling Liu, Chaohong Chen, YeShan Li, Dang Ao, Jiayuan Wu, Nali Cai, Wen Li, Min Xiang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1438213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1438213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to comprehensively investigate the temporal dynamics of faecal gut microbiota and metabonomics in early postnatal with a focus on very low or extremely low birth weight (VLBW/ELBW) infants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected faecal samples from 157 VLBW/ELBW infants at three time points: days 1, 14, and 28 in a prospective cohort study. The faecal microbial diversity, abundance, composition, and metabolomic analyses were determined using 16S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Microbiome functional analyses were conducted utilizing PICRUSt2. The ecological association networks were employed to investigate the interactions between gut microbiota and identify the core genus within 28 days of birth, as well as to unveil correlations between taxa and metabolites.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>(1) The alpha diversity of gut microbiota significantly decreased from D1 to D28, accompanied by an interrupted trajectory lacking obligate anaerobes. At the phylum level, the 16S RNA sequencing results showed an increase in Proteobacteria and a decrease in Firmicutes and Bacteroidota from D1 to D28. At the genus level, there was a decrease in the relative abundance of <i>Staphylococcus</i>, <i>Acinetobacter</i> and <i>Ureaplasma</i>, with <i>Klebsiella</i> and <i>Enterococcus</i> emerging as the most abundant genera. (2) The analysis revealed a total of 561 metabolic markers that exhibited significant and distinct alterations between D1 and D14. (3) Ecological association networks revealed that the gut microbiota in D1 exhibited a significantly higher degree of microbial interactions compared to those in D14 and D28. Additionally, <i>Enterococcus</i>, <i>Klebsiella</i>, and <i>Enterobacter</i> were major contributors to the co-occurring network at these three time points. (4) Steroid hormone biosynthesis, including tetrahydrocortisone, androsterone glucuronide, androstenedione and etiocholanolone glucuronide, decreased within 28 days after birth.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We have successfully demonstrated a significant dysbiosis in the gut microbiota and a subsequent decrease in its diversity within 4 weeks postpartum in VLBW/ELBW infants. Monitoring the gut microbiota of VLBW/ELBW infants and promptly rectifying dysbiosis in the early stages may represent a potential therapeutic strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11377216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of inflammatory cytokines and the gut microbiome in vascular dementia: insights from Mendelian randomization analysis.","authors":"Yihan Yang, Ting Rao, Sheng Wei, Jing Cheng, Ying Zhan, Teng Lin, Jincheng Chen, Xiaoling Zhong, Yijing Jiang, Shanli Yang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1398618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1398618","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Both inflammatory cytokines and the gut microbiome are susceptibility factors for vascular dementia (VaD). The trends in the overall changes in the dynamics of inflammatory cytokines and in the composition of the gut microbiome are influenced by a variety of factors, making it difficult to fully explain the different effects of both on the different subtypes of VaD. Therefore, this Mendelian randomization (MR) study identified the inflammatory cytokines and gut microbiome members that influence the risk of developing VaD and their causal effects, and investigated whether inflammatory cytokines are gut microbiome mediators affecting VaD.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We obtained pooled genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for 196 gut microbiota and 41 inflammatory cytokines and used GWAS data for six VaD subtypes, namely, VaD (mixed), VaD (multiple infarctions), VaD (other), VaD (subcortical), VaD (sudden onset), and VaD (undefined). We used the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary MR analysis method. We conducted sensitivity analyses and reverse MR analyses to examine reverse causal associations, enhancing the reliability and stability of the conclusions. Finally, we used multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis to assess the direct causal effects of inflammatory cytokines and the gut microbiome on the risk of VaD, and performed mediation MR analysis to explore whether inflammatory factors were potential mediators.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Our two-sample MR study revealed relationships between the risk of six VaD subtypes and inflammatory cytokines and the gut microbiota: 7 inflammatory cytokines and 14 gut microbiota constituents were positively correlated with increased VaD subtype risk, while 2 inflammatory cytokines and 11 gut microbiota constituents were negatively correlated with decreased VaD subtype risk. After Bonferroni correction, interleukin-18 was correlated with an increased risk of VaD (multiple infarctions); macrophage migration inhibitory factor was correlated with an increased risk of VaD (sudden onset); interleukin-4 was correlated with a decreased risk of VaD (other); &lt;i&gt;Ruminiclostridium 6&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Bacillales&lt;/i&gt; were positively and negatively correlated with the risk of VaD (undefined), respectively; &lt;i&gt;Negativicutes&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Selenomonadales&lt;/i&gt; were correlated with a decreased risk of VaD (mixed); and &lt;i&gt;Melainabacteria&lt;/i&gt; was correlated with an increased risk of VaD (multiple infarctions). Sensitivity analyses revealed no multilevel effects or heterogeneity and no inverse causality between VaD and inflammatory cytokines or the gut microbiota. The MVMR results further confirmed that the causal effects of &lt;i&gt;Negativicutes&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Selenomonadales&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Melainabacteria&lt;/i&gt; on VaD remain significant. Mediation MR analysis showed that inflammatory cytokines were not potential mediators.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study helps us to better understand th","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling mechanisms of bacterial recognition by Acanthamoeba: insights into microbial ecology and immune responses.","authors":"Fauzy Nasher, Brendan W Wren","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1405133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1405133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acanthamoeba, are ubiquitous eukaryotic microorganisms, that play a pivotal role in recognizing and engulfing various microbes during predation, offering insights into microbial dynamics and immune responses. An intriguing observation lies in the apparent preference of Acanthamoeba for Gram-negative over Gram-positive bacteria, suggesting potential differences in the recognition and response mechanisms to bacterial prey. Here, we comprehensively review pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and microbe associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) that influence Acanthamoeba interactions with bacteria. We analyze the molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions, and the key finding of this review is that Acanthamoeba exhibits an affinity for bacterial cell surface appendages that are decorated with carbohydrates. Notably, this parallels warm-blooded immune cells, underscoring a conserved evolutionary strategy in microbial recognition. This review aims to serve as a foundation for exploring PRRs and MAMPs. These insights enhance our understanding of ecological and evolutionary dynamics in microbial interactions and shed light on fundamental principles governing immune responses. Leveraging Acanthamoeba as a model organism, provides a bridge between ecological interactions and immunology, offering valuable perspectives for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11377244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of the ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas axis on gut flora diversity and intestinal metabolites in SuHx mice.","authors":"Asimuguli Abudukeremu, Ainiwaer Aikemu, Tao Yang, Lei Fang, Adilai Aihemaitituoheti, Yupeng Zhang, Daliya Shanahaiti, Yiliyaer Nijiati","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1412502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1412502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) poses a significant challenge due to its limited therapeutic options and high mortality rates. The ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas axis plays a pivotal role in regulating blood pressure and inhibiting myocardial remodeling. However, the precise mechanistic links between the ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas axis and PAH remain poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the involvement of the ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas axis in the development of PAH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PAH was induced in mice using Sugen5416/hypoxia, PAAT/PET ratio and PA were detected using cardiac ultrasound; inflammation related factors such as MCP-1, TNF, IL-10and IL-12p70 were detected in intestines using cytometric bead array (CBA) kits; histopathological and morphological changes in lung and intestinal tissues were assessed via HE staining and Masson staining to evaluate the progression of PAH. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were employed to determine the expression levels of two tight junction proteins, occludin and ZO-1, in intestinal tissues. Additionally, 16rRNA sequencing and non-targeted metabolomics by LC-MS/MS techniques were utilized to investigate the impact of the ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas axis on microbial diversity and metabolomics of intestinal contents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Activation of the ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas axis improves heart function, reduces intestines inflammatory factors and ameliorates pathological and histological alterations in SuHx mice. This activation notably upregulated the expression of occludin and ZO-1 proteins in intestinal tissues and promoted the proliferation of SCFA-producing bacteria genera, such as <i>g_Candidatus_Saccharimonas</i>. Furthermore, it enhanced the abundance of beneficial metabolites, including tryptophan and butyric acid.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that modulation of the ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas axis can alleviate PAH by regulating intestinal microbes and metabolites. These results highlight the potential of the ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas axis as a promising therapeutic target for clinical management of PAH.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Bacteriocins and other ribosomally synthesised and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) as modulators of the microbiome.","authors":"Harsh Mathur, Des Field, Caitriona Guinane, Maire Begley, Mathew Upton, Hilario C Mantovani, Paul D Cotter","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1463909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1463909","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11377319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142157168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal effects of gut microbiota on risk of overactive bladder symptoms: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Chaodong Shen, Mengjie Fang, Xiaolong Zhang, Zhirong Zhu, Jiajian Chen, Guiliang Tang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1459634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1459634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clinical observations indicate a correlation between the gut microbiota and overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms. Nevertheless, the causal relationship and mechanisms between gut microbiota and OAB symptoms remain elusive.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to assess the association between gut microbiota and OAB symptoms, including urinary incontinence (UI). Data were obtained from the MiBioGen International Consortium genome-wide association studies (GWAS) dataset and the IEU GWAS database. The inverse variance weighted method was used as the primary approach in the MR analysis, with the weighted median, MR-Egger, and weighted mode methods as supplementary approaches. Sensitivity analyses were employed to assess potential violations of the MR assumptions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis identified seven gut bacterial taxa with a causal relationship to OAB and nine gut bacterial taxa associated with UI. Genera <i>Eubacteriumfissicatenumgroup</i>, <i>LachnospiraceaeNK4A136group</i>, and <i>Romboutsia</i> were identified as protective factors against OAB, while genera <i>Barnesiella</i>, <i>FamilyXIIIAD3011group</i>, <i>Odoribacter,</i> and <i>RuminococcaceaeUCG005</i> were associated with an increased risk of OAB. A higher abundance of the genus <i>Coprococcus3</i>, order Burkholderiales, and phylum Verrucomicrobia predicted a lower risk of UI. Conversely, the class Mollicutes, genus <i>Ruminococcus gauvreauii</i> group, order Mollicutes RF9, and phylum Firmicutes and Tenericutes were positively correlated with UI risk. The sensitivity analysis excluded the influence of potential heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed a causal relationship between gut microbiota and OAB symptoms, providing new insights and a theoretical foundation to identify biomarkers and therapeutic targets for patients with OAB symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression and characterization of recombinant antibodies against H7 subtype avian influenza virus and their diagnostic potential.","authors":"Siwen Wang, Ying Zhang, Xu Zhou, Yue Ma, Jianzhong Shi, Yongping Jiang, Yanbing Li, Guobin Tian, Xiurong Wang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2024.1459402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1459402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) play a pivotal role in disease diagnosis as well as immunotherapy interventions. Traditional monoclonal antibody generation relies on animal immunization procedures predominantly involving mice; however, recent advances in <i>in-vitro</i> expression methodologies have enabled large-scale production suitable for both industrial applications as well as scientific investigations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, two mAbs against H7 subtype avian influenza viruses (AIV) were sequenced and analyzed, and the DNA sequences encoding heavy chain (HC) and light chain (LC) were obtained and cloned into pCHO-1.0 expression vector. Then, the HC and LC expression plasmids were transfected into CHO-S cells to establish stable cell lines expressing these mAbs using a two-phase selection scheme with different concentrations of methotrexate and puromycin. Recombinant antibodies were purified from the cell culture medium, and their potential applications were evaluated using hemagglutination inhibition (HI), western blotting (WB), confocal microscopy, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that the obtained recombinant antibodies exhibited biological activity similar to that of the parent antibodies derived from ascites and could be used as a replacement for animal-derived mAbs. A kinetic analysis of the two antibodies to the AIV HA protein, conducted using surface plasmon resonance (SPR), showed concordance between the recombinant and parental antibodies.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The data presented in this study suggest that the described antibody production protocol could avoid the use of experimental animals and better conform to animal welfare regulations, and provides a basis for further research and development of mAbs-based diagnostic products.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11377330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142153604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}