Frontiers in Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"The role of major and minor structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in induction of protective immunity.","authors":"Dan Li, Laixu Zhu, Chenchen Cui, Zhenchun Wu, Pengkai Qing, Qiongqiong Zhou, Peng Gao, Yongning Zhang, Lei Zhou, Xinna Ge, Xin Guo, Jun Han, Hanchun Yang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1563186","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1563186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), an economically significant threat to the world pork production, is notoriously known for its heterogeneity, and therefore the current vaccines often fail to provide efficient cross-protection against diverse PRRSV strains.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>By making chimeric viruses using HP-PRRSV-2 lineage 8 (JXwn06) and lineage 1 NADC30-like strains (CHsx1401) as model organisms, the recently results have shown that the viral structural protein-coding region is critical for induction of homologous immunity. In this study, the chimeric viruses were further constructed by exchanging the region coding for the minor (GP2/3/4) or major (GP5/M) structural proteins of JXwn06 on the backbone of CHsx1401 to generate two mutants CHsx1401-GP234_JX and CHsx1401-GP5M_JX.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The subsequent animal experiment showed that all three chimeras could confer good protective immunity against the lethal challenge by HP-PRRSV strain JXwn06, and the survived pigs had much lower lung lesions, faster viremia clearance, and lower viral tissue load. However, the exchange of SP region as a whole performed better than either GP2/3/4 or GP5/M region alone, as the pigs in the latter groups showed transient fever following challenge and higher viral load in certain tissues, highlighting a synergistic role. Interestingly, as compared to the group CHsx1401-GP234_JX, the group CHsx1401-GP5M_JX showed excellent viremia clearance, comparable to the SP group.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our results in this report revealed the important role of ORFs2-4 and ORFs5-6 regions in induction of protective immunity and have important implications in understanding viral pathogenesis and further vaccine development.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1563186"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The research on the identification, taxonomy, and comparative genomics analysis of nine <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> strains significantly contributes to microbiology, genetics, bioinformatics, and biotechnology.","authors":"Eduarda Guimarães Sousa, Gabriela Munis Campos, Marcus Vinícius Canário Viana, Gabriel Camargos Gomes, Diego Lucas Neres Rodrigues, Flavia Figueira Aburjaile, Belchiolina Beatriz Fonseca, Max Roberto Batista de Araújo, Mateus Matiuzzi da Costa, Eric Guedon, Bertram Brenig, Siomar Soares, Vasco Azevedo","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1544934","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1544934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has played a pivotal role in the advancement of taxonomics, allowing for the accurate identification, differentiation, and reclassification of several bacteria species. <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> is a Gram-positive, facultatively aerobic, spore-forming bacterium known for its antimicrobial and antifungal properties. Strains of this species are highly relevant in agriculture, biotechnology, the food industry, and biomedicine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we characterized the genomes of nine <i>Bacillus</i> strains isolated from soil in the state of Bahia (Brazil) using NGS with Illumina platform. Identification was performed by Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) analyses, which revealed a match between the genomic information of the isolates and <i>B. velezensis</i> NRRL B-41580, with a variation of 89.3% to 91.8% by dDDH in TYGS and 95% to 98.04% by ANI in GTDBtk.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Two strains, BAC144 and BAC1273, exhibited high similarity to <i>B. amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum</i> FZB42. However, the latter strain was subsequently reclassified as <i>B. velezensis</i>. The division pattern observed during identification was confirmed in the phylogenomic analysis, where BAC144 and BAC1273 clustered with <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum</i>, while the other strains clustered with <i>B. velezensis</i> NRRL B-41580, forming a clade with high genetic similarity, with a bootstrap value of 100%. Furthermore, a synteny analysis demonstrated greater conservation among the strains from this study compared to the reference strain, with the formation of distinct collinear groups. The pangenome analysis revealed an open pangenome, highlighting the genetic diversity within the species. Based on this analysis, a functional annotation was performed to compare exclusive gene repertoires across groups, uncovering distinct adaptations and functional profiles. The identification of bacterial strains belonging to this species is of great importance due to their high applicability. The strains identified in this study underscore the need for more robust taxonomic technologies to accurately classify prokaryotes, which are subject to constant evolutionary changes, requiring the reclassification of several species within the genus Bacillus, many of which are heterotypic synonyms of <i>B. velezensis</i> like <i>Bacillus oryzicola, B. amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum</i> and <i>Bacillus methylotrophicus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1544934"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11962042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Mobile DNA element-driven evolution of bacterial pathogens.","authors":"Axel Cloeckaert, Michel S Zygmunt, Filipa F Vale, Eric Altermann","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1583263","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1583263","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1583263"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota and its metabolites regulate insulin resistance: traditional Chinese medicine insights for T2DM.","authors":"Jing Liu, Fuxing Li, Le Yang, Shengping Luo, Yihui Deng","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1554189","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1554189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut microbiota is closely associated with the onset and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and chronic low-grade inflammation. However, despite the widespread use of first-line antidiabetic drugs, IR in diabetes and its complications continue to rise. The gut microbiota and its metabolic products may promote the development of T2DM by exacerbating IR. Therefore, regulating the gut microbiota has become a promising therapeutic strategy, with particular attention given to probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. This review first examines the relationship between gut microbiota and IR in T2DM, summarizing the research progress of microbiota-based therapies in modulating IR. We then delve into how gut microbiota-related metabolic products contribute to IR. Finally, we summarize the research findings on the role of traditional Chinese medicine in regulating the gut microbiota and its metabolic products to improve IR. In conclusion, the gut microbiota and its metabolic products play a crucial role in the pathophysiological process of T2DM by modulating IR, offering new insights into potential therapeutic strategies for T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1554189"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of gut microbiota in predicting chemotherapy-induced neutropenia duration in leukemia patients.","authors":"Yezi Huang, Lihong Liao, Yanjun Jiang, Si Tao, Duozhuang Tang","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1507336","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1507336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute leukemia is an aggressive malignancy with high morbidity and mortality, and chemotherapy is the primary treatment modality. However, chemotherapy often induces neutropenia (chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, CIN), increasing the risk of infectious complications and mortality. Current research suggests that gut microbiota may play a significant role in chemotherapy's efficacy and side effects.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate whether gut microbiota can predict the duration of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in leukemia patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 56 leukemia patients from the Hematology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, collecting fecal samples 1 day before and 1 day after chemotherapy. The diversity and community structure of gut microbiota were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Patients were divided into two groups based on the duration of neutropenia post-chemotherapy: Neutropenia ≤7 Days Group (NLE7 Group) and Neutropenia > 7 Days Group (NGT7 Group). Comparative analysis identified characteristic microbiota.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After chemotherapy, gut microbiota diversity significantly decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In the NGT7 Group, the relative abundance of <i>Enterococcus</i> before chemotherapy was significantly higher than in the NLE7 Group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the relative abundance of <i>Enterococcus</i> had high predictive accuracy for the duration of neutropenia (AUC = 0.800, 95% CI: 0.651-0.949).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The abundance of <i>Enterococcus</i> before chemotherapy can predict the duration of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. These findings provide new evidence for gut microbiota as a predictive biomarker for chemotherapy side effects and may guide personalized treatment for leukemia patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1507336"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multicenter study on developing a prognostic model for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome using machine learning.","authors":"Jian-She Xu, Kai Yang, Bin Quan, Jing Xie, Yi-Shan Zheng","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1557922","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1557922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) is a disease caused by infection with the Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome virus (SFTSV), a novel Bunyavirus. Accurate prognostic assessment is crucial for developing individualized prevention and treatment strategies. However, machine learning prognostic models for SFTS are rare and need further improvement and clinical validation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to develop and validate an interpretable prognostic model based on machine learning (ML) methods to enhance the understanding of SFTS progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter retrospective study analyzed patient data from two provinces in China. The derivation cohort included 292 patients treated at The Second Hospital of Nanjing from January 2022 to December 2023, with a 7:3 split for model training and internal validation. The external validation cohort consisted of 104 patients from The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College during the same period. Twenty-four commonly available clinical features were selected, and the Boruta algorithm identified 12 candidate predictors, ranked by Z-scores, which were progressively incorporated into 10 machine learning models to develop prognostic models. Model performance was assessed using the area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, recall, and F1 score. The clinical utility of the best-performing model was evaluated through decision curve analysis (DCA) based on net benefit. Robustness was tested with 10-fold cross-validation, and feature importance was explained using SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) both globally and locally.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 10 machine learning models, the XGBoost model demonstrated the best overall discriminatory ability. Considering both AUC index and feature simplicity, a final interpretable XGBoost model with 7 key features was constructed. The model showed high predictive accuracy for patient outcomes in both internal (AUC = 0.911, 95% CI: 0.842-0.967) and external validations (AUC = 0.891, 95% CI: 0.786-0.977). A clinical tool based on this model has been developed and implemented using the Streamlit framework.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The interpretable XGBoost-based prognostic model for SFTS shows high predictive accuracy and has been translated into a clinical tool. The model's 7 key features serve as valuable indicators for early prognosis of SFTS, warranting close attention from healthcare professionals in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1557922"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11962041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redox and solvent-stable alkaline serine protease from <i>Bacillus patagoniensis</i> DB-5: heterologous expression, properties, and biotechnological applications.","authors":"Zhimin Li, Yanmin Xing, Pulin Liu, Weifang Liao, Lihong Miao","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1558419","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1558419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The <i>aprBP</i> gene from <i>Bacillus patagoniensis</i> DB-5, encoding a 378-amino-acid alkaline protease, was cloned and expressed in <i>Escherichia coli</i>. The amino acid sequence of APrBP showed 62.8-84.4% identity with the S8 peptidase subtilisin family alkaline proteases reported in the literature. Recombinant APrBP was purified using Ni-NTA affinity chromatography with 45.61% recovery and a homogeneous band was detected at approximately 38 kDa on the SDS-PAGE gel. The optimum temperature of APrBP was 60°C. The presence of 2 mM Ca²⁺ significantly enhanced the optimal temperature and thermostability. The enzyme demonstrated optimum activity at pH 12 and maintained high stability at pH 8.0-11.0. Protease activity was stimulated by Mn²⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Ni²⁺, TritonX-100, Tween-20 and Tween-80, while completely inactivated by PMSF, EDTA and Cu²⁺. The APrBP exhibited good tolerance to oxidizing and reducing agents. Notably, the protease exhibited remarkable stability in 50% (v/v) concentrations of several organic solvents, such as methanol, acetone, glycerol, dimethyl sulfoxide, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate. The APrBP efficiently hydrolyzed natural proteins, demonstrating the highest catalytic efficiency for casein, excellent hydrolysis activity for bovine serum albumin, hemoglobin, and keratin, and favorable hydrolysis ability for whey proteins. Moreover, molecular docking results revealed stable interactions between APrBP and casein, hemoglobin, whey proteins and keratin. This study indicated that APrBP has some useful properties and explored its potential as a bio-additive detergent as well as in utilizing feather waste and whey protein.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1558419"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11970705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioinformatics combined with machine learning unravels differences among environmental, seafood, and clinical isolates of <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i>.","authors":"Shuyi Feng, Padmini Ramachandran, Ryan A Blaustein, Abani K Pradhan","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1549260","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1549260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> is the leading cause of illnesses and outbreaks linked to seafood consumption across the globe. Understanding how this pathogen may be adapted to persist along the farm-to-table supply chain has applications for addressing food safety. This study utilized machine learning to develop robust models classifying genomic diversity of <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> that was isolated from environmental (<i>n</i> = 176), seafood (<i>n</i> = 975), and clinical (<i>n</i> = 865) sample origins. We constructed a pangenome of the respective genome assemblies and employed random forest algorithm to develop predictive models to identify gene clusters encoding metabolism, virulence, and antibiotic resistance that were associated with isolate source type. Comparison of genomes of all seafood-clinical isolates showed high balanced accuracy (≥0.80) and Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristics curve (≥0.87) for all of these functional features. Major virulence factors including <i>tdh</i>, <i>trh</i>, type III secretion system-related genes, and four alpha-hemolysin genes (<i>hlyA</i>, <i>hlyB</i>, <i>hlyC</i>, and <i>hlyD</i>) were identified as important differentiating factors in our seafood-clinical virulence model, underscoring the need for further investigation. Significant patterns for AMR genes differing among seafood and clinical samples were revealed from our model and genes conferring to tetracycline, elfamycin, and multidrug (phenicol antibiotic, diaminopyrimidine antibiotic, and fluoroquinolone antibiotic) resistance were identified as the top three key variables. These findings provide crucial insights into the development of effective surveillance and management strategies to address the public health threats associated with <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1549260"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feeding systems influence the rumen resistome in yaks by changing the microbiome.","authors":"Shuli Yang, Jialuo Chen, Jieyi Zheng, Huaming Mao, Feilong Deng, Dongwang Wu, Jianmin Chai","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1505938","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1505938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rumen microbiome serves as a reservoir of antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) with significant implications for public health. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different feeding systems on the rumen resistome in yaks. Yaks that grazed naturally on pasture were used as controls, while the experimental yaks were housed in a high-density pen environment and fed a specially designed diet to optimally meet their nutritional requirements, with increased interactions with farm workers. Metagenomic analysis was performed to assess changes in the rumen microbiome and resistome. Dietary factors influencing changes in the rumen microbiome and resistome were identified. A greater variety of microbiomes associated with carbohydrate digestion was found in yaks under a house-feeding system, such as <i>Stomatobaculum longum</i> and <i>Succiniclasticum ruminis.</i> Although grazing yaks exhibited various dominant antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) at the class level, house-fed yaks were mainly enriched with tetracycline-resistant genes. A random forest model identified specific ARG signatures for each group, such as Sent_cmlA and Sliv_cmlR (Phenicol) and vanHD (Glycopeptide) prevalent in grazing yaks, while tet44, tetW, tetW/N/W, and tet40 were abundant in house-fed yaks. ARG interactions varied by feeding system, with signature ARGs in each group showing distinct correlations. Nevertheless, strong correlations among ARGs existed regardless of the treatments, such as the positive correlation between tetW and tetW/N/W in both groups. The rumen microbiome was strongly associated with the resistome, especially regarding abundant microbiomes and ARGs. Proteobacteria carrying ARGs were observed in grazing yaks, while Firmicutes served as hosts for ARGs in yaks under a housed feeding system. The specific bacteria contributing to the distinct ARGs in each group were identified. For instance, members of Firmicutes (<i>Clostridium tepidiprofundi</i>) carried their ARG signatures, such as tet44. These findings emphasized that diet, along with environmental factors and farmworker interactions, contributed to changes in the rumen resistome of yaks. This study is the first to discuss how multiple factors within a feeding regime influence the gut resistome, highlighting the drawbacks of intensive feedings with respect to the gut resistome.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1505938"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seven-year change of prevalence, clinical risk factors, and mortality of patients with carbapenem-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> bloodstream infection in a Chinese teaching hospital: a case-case-control study.","authors":"Haifang Kong, Yong Liu, Ling Yang, Qianqian Chen, Yanchun Li, Zhidong Hu, Xuequan Feng, Yamin Chai, Zuoliang Dong","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1531984","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmicb.2025.1531984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbapenem-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> bloodstream infection (CRKP-BSI) is a major public health threat worldwide. CRKP-BSI is associated with poor outcomes, elevated morbidity and mortality, and high healthcare costs. Therefore, the identification of risk factors for CRKP-BSI and mortality are critical for preventing and controlling CRKP in hospitals. This retrospective case-case-control study was conducted at General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, a tertiary teaching hospital, from 2017 to 2023. It included 105 patients with CRKP-BSI (case group 1) and matched 105 patients with carbapenem-susceptible <i>K. pneumoniae</i> bloodstream infection (CSKP-BSI) (case group 2). The control group was selected at a ratio of 1:1:1 (case group 1: case group 2: control) from patients with a positive blood culture (except for <i>K. pneumoniae</i> infection) to analyze risk factors associated with the two case groups and compare the 30-day survival curves using multivariable logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses. Multivariate analysis revealed that liver disease was a risk factor for <i>K. pneumoniae</i>-BSI, and exposure to carbapenem [odds ratio (OR) = 3.24], tigecycline (OR = 3.43), and glucocorticoids (OR = 4.64) were independent risk factors for CRKP-BSI. The 30-day mortality of the CRKP-BSI group was 30.5%, and patient groups, respiratory diseases (HR = 3.52), use of 3rd-generation cephalosporins (HR = 1.92), mechanical ventilation (HR = 2.14), and central venous catheter insertion (HR = 2.85) were independent risk factors, whereas a shorter length of hospitalization was a protective factor for 30-day mortality. The in-hospital mortality in the CRKP-BSI group was 55.2%, and arterial catheter use (OR = 3.76) was an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality. Several factors were identified to contribute to the development of CRKP-BSI. CRKP isolates were resistant to most antibiotics. Reducing CRKP-BSI-related mortality requires comprehensive consideration of underlying diseases, judicious antibiotic use, and invasive procedures. The high morbidity, mortality, along with the limited therapeutic options for CRKP-BSI, underscore the need for improved detection, identification of risk factors to develop effective preventive measures, and development of novel agents with reliable clinical efficacy against CRKP.</p>","PeriodicalId":12466,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Microbiology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1531984"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11962001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}