Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Deletion of the E3 ubiquitin ligase LRSAM1 fosters intracellular <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> survival.","authors":"Ole Plöhn, Abhishek Kumar Singh, Clara Greger, Hannes Wolfgramm, Madina Baglanova, Kristin Surmann, Uwe Völker, Barbara M Bröker, Karsten Becker, Ulrike Seifert, Clemens Cammann","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1597830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1597830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intracellular invasion and persistence of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> can lead to chronic infection and is an effective strategy for the pathogen to evade the host immune response and antibiotic therapy. Selective ubiquitination of bacterial surfaces via E3 ubiquitin ligases is a mechanism by which host cells combat intracellular bacteria and target them for autophagosomal degradation. However, knowledge of the E3 ligases involved in intracellular recognition of <i>S. aureus</i> is still very limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied A549 lung epithelial cells during <i>S. aureus</i> infection, focusing on the role of the E3 ligase leucine rich repeat and sterile alpha motif containing 1 (LRSAM1). We used the CRISPR-Cas9 system to generate LRSAM1-deficient A549 cells and monitored intracellular bacterial survival, activation of host cellular signalling pathways related to cytokine production, and host cell death during <i>S. aureus</i> infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In LRSAM1-deficient host cells we observed a significant increase in intracellular bacterial load, which was accompanied by an increased host cell death and elevated secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6. Despite induced selective autophagy, LRSAM1 knockout host cells were incapable of lowering and eliminating the pathogen, which seems to be caused by the reduced ubiquitination of the bacterial surface.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results indicate a significant role of LRSAM1 in the clearance of intracellular <i>S. aureus</i>. This contributes to a deeper understanding of the host cellular responses to <i>S. aureus</i> infection and will facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat intracellularly persistent <i>S. aureus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1597830"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of pathogen detection performance between metagenomic next-generation sequencing and conventional culture in organ preservation fluids and recipient wound drainage fluids.","authors":"Jiyuan Li, Wenjia Yuan, Chen Gao, Lei Liu, Lei Song, Wei Cao, Xuejing Zhu, Yachun Han, Ruobing Liang, Gongbin Lan, Shaojie Yu, Yu Wang, Liang Tan, Helong Dai, Xubiao Xie, Longkai Peng, Fenghua Peng","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1563962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1563962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prompt identification and management of donor-derived infections post-kidney transplantation are critical. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in detecting pathogens within donor organ preservation fluids and recipient wound drainage fluids, with a comparison made against conventional culture methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved 141 kidney transplant patients (May 1st, 2020 to Jan 31st, 2024). Donor organ preservation fluids and recipient wound drainage fluids were collected and analyzed by mNGS and conventional culture. Pathogen detection differences between mNGS and culture were evaluated. The antibiotic adjustment and infectious complications of the recipients were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For organ preservation fluids, the positive rate of convention culture were lower than that of mNGS (24.8% (35/141) vs 47.5% (67/141), p<0.05). For recipient wound drainage fluids, the positivity rate of convention culture were lower than that of mNGS (2.1% (3/141) vs 27.0% (38/141), p<0.05). Compared to traditional culture-based methods, mNGS demonstrated a significantly higher positive detection rate for the combination of ESKAPE pathogens and/or fungi (28.4% (40/141) vs 16.3% (23/141) <i>p</i>< 0.05). Of the pathogens detected through convention culture, mNGS was capable of detecting 79.2% (19/24) of combinations comprising Enterobacteriaceae and non-fermenting bacteria, yet it detected only 22.2% (2/9) of Gram-positive bacteria, and 55.6% (5/9) of fungi. Certain clinically atypical pathogens, mainly <i>Mycobacterium</i>, <i>Clostridium tetanus</i>, and parasites, can solely be detected via mNGS. The rehospitalization rate due to infections was 13.5% (19/141), while the donor-derived infection rate amounted to 2.8% (4/141). Guided by mNGS and bacterial culture results, adjustments were made to antibiotic administration, with no severe vascular complications arising.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By employing mNGS to analyze drainage fluids and organ preservation fluids, highly pathogenic and atypical pathogenic microorganisms can be rapidly identified with high throughput. While limitations exist in detecting fungi and Gram-positive bacteria, mNGS are need to be jointly applied with conventional culture under current conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1563962"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144949028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive analysis of all-cause mortality of previously untreated pulmonary tuberculosis patients complicated by hypertension.","authors":"Anhua Cao, You Nie, Zhun Zhong, Yi Pei, Ping Deng, Hebin Xie, Yiping Leng","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1574824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1574824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the risk factors for all-cause mortality of previously untreated pulmonary tuberculosis patients complicated by hypertension and construct a predictive model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of inpatients with previously untreated pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by hypertension from 2019 to 2021 in Changsha Central Hospital. Patients' survival status and cardiovascular events were collected through telephone follow-up. LASSO regression was utilized to screen predictive variables, and binary logistic regression identified mortality risk factors. A predictive nomogram model was developed using R software, and its precision and reliability were verified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 1,014 patients, there were 100 (9.86%) deaths and 82 (8.09%) cardiovascular events. LASSO regression screened out 13 predictive variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that smoking history, sputum bacteriology, pleural effusion, coronary heart disease, and chronic kidney disease were independent risk factors. Based on the training set data, a nomogram prognostic model was developed, showing an AUC of 0.712 (95% CI: 0.777-0.847), with 50.0% sensitivity and 84.3% specificity. The model's fit was confirmed through internal and external validations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prediction model constructed in this study has high predictive ability and satisfactory clinical efficacy, and can provide an effective individualized prediction tool for assessing all-cause mortality risk in patients with previously untreated pulmonary tuberculosis complicated by hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1574824"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144949055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology and molecular phylogeny of <i>Dothideomycetes</i> fungi associated with <i>Dracaena</i> plants.","authors":"Kevin David Hyde, Napalai Chaiwan, Ruvishika Shehali Jayawardena, Saowaluck Tibpromma, Dhanushka N Wanasinghe, Ishara Sandeepani Manawasinghe, Dimuthu S Manamgoda, Itthayakorn Promputtha","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1550824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1550824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Dracaena</i> species are widely recognized for their exceptional drought tolerance, making them ideal candidates for sustainable landscaping and ecological restoration in arid regions. Limestone outcrops hosting <i>Dracaena</i> are unique ecosystems characterized by extreme environmental conditions such as nutrient-poor substrates. Thus, they provide valuable opportunities for studying fungal diversity and their adaptations. Despite their ecological importance, knowledge concerning fungal communities associated with limestone-inhabiting <i>Dracaena</i> species remains limited, particularly within the diverse biogeographic contexts of Thailand. Microfungal samples were collected from dead wood and leaves of Dracaena species across seven provinces in Thailand (Chiang Rai, Kanchanaburi, Krabi, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Ratchaburi, Songkhla, and Tak). Fungal taxa were identified and characterized through detailed morphological examinations combined with multi-gene phylogenetic analyses using Actin (act), Internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA (LSU), translation elongation fac-tor 1-alpha (tef1-α), and beta-tubulin (tub) gene regions. This study documents eleven fungal taxa isolated from <i>Dracaena</i> substrates, belonging to seven families across five fungal orders. Three new species <i>viz</i>. <i>Cladosporium dracaenae</i>, <i>C. dracaenicola</i> and <i>Torula dracaenae</i> were described, and eight new host records were established (<i>Bipolaris coffeana</i>, <i>Curvularia lunata</i>, <i>Lasiodiplodia bruguierae</i>, <i>L. lignicola</i>, <i>L. thailandica</i>, <i>Longididymella clematidis</i>, <i>Ochroconis musae</i> and <i>Zasmidium citrigriseum</i>). Species de-scriptions, color photographic plates, phylogenetic trees and updated taxonomic notes are provided for all isolated taxa. The findings advance the current understanding of microfungal diversity associated with limestone outcrop habitats and <i>Dracaena</i> species, contributing to broader ecological and conservation efforts. By revealing novel fungal species and previously undocumented host-fungus interactions, this study underscores the rich but underexplored fungal biodiversity of limestone ecosystems in Thailand.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1550824"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375623/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144949057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of intestinal bacteria, fungi and dietary nutrient intake in NAFLD patients with spleen deficiency syndrome.","authors":"Guiru Lin, Wanyi Ou, Jianmei Yang, Dongliang Chen, Yuanfei Wang, Aiping Wu, Lilian Gao, Wan Qu, Chenli Lin, Yinji Liang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1586212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1586212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spleen deficiency syndrome (SDS) is one of the primary Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndromes in Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Diet influences NAFLD and SDS through the intestinal microbiota. The current study aimed to investigate the interrelationships of intestinal bacteria, fungi and dietary nutrient intake in NAFLD patients with SDS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The NAFLD TCM Patient Reported Outcome (PRO) Scale was administered to evaluate the TCM clinical symptoms of NAFLD patients. The Spleen Deficiency PRO Scale and Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) were employed to respectively diagnose spleen deficiency syndrome and assess dietary nutrient intake, energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII), and dietary diversity scores (DDS) in NAFLD patients. Subsequently, stool samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene and ITS2 region sequencing to analyze the interrelationships among target intestinal bacteria, fungi, and dietary nutrient intake.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NAFLD TCM PRO Scale indicated that the average score for symptoms related to SDS in NAFLD patients was 4.13 ± 0.40. Compared with NAFLD patients without SDS, those with SDS had insufficient dietary nutrient intake of diet-derived antioxidants such as carotene and folic acid, stronger pro-inflammatory effects of food, and reduced dietary diversity (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Additionally, sufficient dietary diversity was identified as a protective factor against SDS in NAFLD (OR: 0.424; 95% CI: 0.309, 0.583; <i>P</i> < 0.001). 16S rRNA gene and ITS2 region sequencing results showed that <i>Collinsella</i> (LDA = 3.947, <i>P =</i> 0.046) and <i>Rhizopus</i> (LDA = 3.196, <i>P =</i> 0.01) were enriched in NAFLD patients with SDS, whereas <i>Intestinimonas</i> was markedly increased in NAFLD patients without SDS (LDA = 2.015, <i>P</i> = 0.02). Correlation analysis demonstrated that <i>Gemmiger</i> and <i>Rhizopus</i> were significantly positively correlated (<i>r</i> = 0.778, <i>P</i> < 0.001), as were <i>Candida</i> and <i>Segatella</i> (<i>r</i> = 0.569, <i>P</i> < 0.001). <i>Intestinimonas</i> was positively correlated with the intake of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory nutrients such as dietary fiber, vitamin C, and iron (0.2 < <i>r</i> < 0.5, <i>P</i> < 0.05), while niacin intake was negatively correlated with <i>Rhizopus</i> abundance (<i>r</i> = -0.39, <i>P</i> = 0.025).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Symptoms related to SDS are common in patients with NAFLD. The independent and interactive effects of intestinal bacteria and fungi might have collectively influenced the immune function and inflammation levels in NAFLD patients with SDS. These processes were likely associated with the intake of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory nutrients, as well as niacin.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1586212"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144949046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between immune cell infiltration and necroptosis gene expression in sepsis: an analysis using single-cell transcriptomic data.","authors":"Shouyi Wang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1618438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1618438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. It remains a significant medical challenge due to its high mortality rates and requires a deeper understanding of its underlying mechanisms. This study aims to elucidate the differential expression of necroptosis-related genes in sepsis and their impact on immune characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We obtained gene expression profiles and single-cell RNA sequencing data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the limma package, and functional enrichment analysis was performed using the clusterProfiler package for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were conducted to explore pathway enrichments. Immune cell infiltration differences between sepsis (SE) and healthy control (HC) groups were quantified using the single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm. Differential marker genes between SE and HC groups were identified by single-cell data analysis using the Seurat and SingleR packages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results revealed 849 necroptosis-related DEGs, with 843 upregulated and 16 downregulated in the SE group. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression identified 22 key DEGs, including <i>CTSS</i>, <i>MAPK8</i>, and <i>MPRIP</i>. Among these, 157 necroptosis-related DEGs were consistently identified between SE and HC groups. GO analysis indicated significant enrichment in biological processes such as the regulation of apoptotic signaling pathways and IκB kinase/NF-κB signaling. KEGG pathway analysis revealed involvement in necroptosis, apoptosis, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways. GSVA demonstrated that Wnt signaling was upregulated in the SE group. Significant differences in immune cell infiltration were observed between sepsis and healthy control groups, particularly in activated B cells and CD4 T cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing identified 33,287 cells categorized into 26 clusters, with neutrophils predominating. Key necroptosis genes such as <i>CTSS</i>, <i>TXN</i>, <i>MYH9</i>, <i>FPR1</i>, <i>FMR1</i>, and <i>MPRIP</i> exhibited differential expression patterns across various immune cell types.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our integrated bioinformatics approach provides insights into the role of necroptosis-related genes in sepsis pathogenesis and their influence on immune responses. These findings improve our understanding of sepsis mechanisms and may guide future therapeutic strategies targeting necroptosis pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1618438"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144949078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Puf4 -mediated oxidative stress virulence attenuation in <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>.","authors":"Chenhao Suo, Jianjun Lei, Wanli Zhang, Lihui Jia, He Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1628448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1628448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> is a ubiquitous environmental fungal pathogen whose pathogenicity is closely linked to its ability to adapt to host environments. The RNA-binding protein Puf4 plays a key role in regulating the cell wall of <i>C. neoformans</i>. However, the specific mechanisms by which Puf4 regulates metabolism and virulence remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we systematically investigated the role of Puf4 in the metabolism and virulence of <i>C. neoformans</i> using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), biochemical analysis, and <i>in vivo</i> animal experiments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Colony-spotting assay assays show that Puf4 affects the cell membrane and oxidative stress. RNA-seq analysis revealed that Puf4 was enriched in key metabolic pathways, including carbohydrate metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycolysis. Biochemical analysis revealed that Puf4 overexpression led to significant increases in both total carbohydrate and glycogen content. Additionally, the Puf4-overexpressing strain showed elevated ROS levels, and reduced resistance to antimycin A, indicating decreased oxidative stress tolerance. Notably, Puf4 overexpression resulted in reduced capsule size and decreased L-DOPA production, accompanied by downregulated expression of the capsule-associated gene <i>CAP10</i> and the melanin biosynthesis gene <i>LAC1</i>. <i>In vivo</i> animal experiments further confirmed that the virulence of the Puf4-overexpressing strain was significantly attenuated.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings suggest that Puf4 may serve as a regulator linking metabolic status and pathogenic potential in <i>C. neoformans</i>, although the underlying mechanisms require further elucidation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1628448"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144949014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives of mitochondrial dysfunction of macrophages in periodontitis.","authors":"Yibing Jia, Zili Li, Pengjie Huang, Yan Wang, Bo Yang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1634909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1634909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Periodontitis is a global inflammatory oral disease, and plaque-induced host excessive immune response is recognized as a major cause of its pathogenesis. In recent years, the relevance of mitochondrial dysfunction to periodontitis has been increasingly investigated, particularly with respect to macrophages, the key immune cells in the periodontal immune microenvironment. Mitochondrial dysfunction drives macrophage M1 polarization and osteoclast differentiation through mechanisms such as metabolic reprogramming, reactive oxygen species release, abnormal mitophagy, abnormal mitochondrial biogenesis and damaged mitochondrial dynamic. In addition, mitochondrial transfer in the periodontitis setting has been reported in several researches. In this review, we highlight the impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on macrophages in the periodontitis setting and summarize emerging therapeutic strategies for targeting mitochondria in periodontitis, including antioxidants, modulators of metabolic reprogramming, nanomaterials and photodynamic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1634909"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144949033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic performance and clinical utility of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in suspected central nervous system infections: a prospective comparative study.","authors":"Xiao-Guang Cao, Xiong-Feng Zhu, Zha Yu, Chun-Yan Wang, Min Shao, Hua-Dong Meng, Chong-Jian Huang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1612628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1612628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the diagnostic performance and clinical utility of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in patients with suspected central nervous system (CNS) infections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>prospective study was conducted from December 2019 to January 2024, enrolling 110 patients with suspected CNS infections. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were subjected to mNGS, conventional biochemistry, and culture. Clinical features and outcomes were compared between patients confirmed with CNS infections and those without.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the enrolled patients, 69 were diagnosed with CNS infections. mNGS identified pathogens in 62 cases (77.11%), including 54 clinically confirmed true positives (49.09%), significantly surpassing traditional CSF culture (6.36%). mNGS reported results within 24 hours, considerably shorter than the 72~120 hours required for culture. Compared to the non-infection group, patients with CNS infections had significantly higher ICU admission(ICUA) rates, prolonged hospital stays, increased healthcare costs, and elevated rates of antibiotic adjustment and mNGS positivity (P<0.05). CSF turbidity, cell count, and protein levels were significantly elevated, while glucose and chloride levels were reduced. Logistic regression identified mNGS, CSF protein, and glucose levels as independent predictors of CNS infection. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy for continuous CSF variables over binary ones, with mNGS showing robust performance [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.794].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>mNGS offers rapid and accurate pathogen detection, outperforming conventional methods in sensitivity and turnaround time, and provides valuable guidance for individualized antimicrobial treatment in CNS infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1612628"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution, dissemination, and genetic dynamics of the carbapenem resistance gene <i>bla</i> _NDM in China.","authors":"Xiaofeng Hu, Boqian Wang, Mingliang Chen, Kexin Li, Zhixi Peng, Lianqun Jin, Junjie Yue, Hui Chen, Ling Zhang, Shaofu Qiu, Hongguang Ren, Hongbin Song","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1608826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1608826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Bla</i> _NDM, which encodes a metallo-β-lactamase that can hydrolyze most β-lactam antibiotics, has become a serious public health concern in China. It is crucial to investigate the evolution, dissemination, and genetic dynamics of <i>bla</i> _NDM to develop potential strategies to control the proliferation of <i>bla</i> _NDM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we collected 1021 <i>bla</i> _NDM-positive isolates, which features 67 new genomes from our laboratory and 954 genomes from NCBI. Through epidemiological big data analysis, phylogenetic tree-based geographic transmission analysis, and upstream-downstream genetic clustering evolution analysis, we systematically analyzed the evolution, dissemination, and genetic dynamics of <i>bla</i> _NDM-positive bacteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis results indicate that bla_NDM-5 is gradually supplanting <i>bla</i> _NDM-1 in China and Acinetobacter has been replaced as the primary <i>bla</i> _NDM-harboring genus by the Enterobacter, Escherichia, and Klebsiella, which are both within the Enterobacteriaceae family and more easily transmitted among humans. Furthermore, <i>bla</i> _NDM-positive bacteria exhibit a distinct livestock-environment-human transmission cycle, while the phylogenetic diversity of <i>bla</i> _NDM and <i>tet(X)</i>-co-carrying genera is progressively expanding with concomitantly enhanced resistance phenotypes. Currently, the predominant <i>bla</i> _NDM-positive bacterial strains have likely disseminated from southwest China to coastal regions. We further identified multiple transposon structures beyond Tn125 that may facilitate <i>bla</i> _NDM transfer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The diversity of the <i>bla</i> _NDM and its carrier bacterial strains is continuously increasing, and its transmission range is also expanding. Of greater concern, super-resistant strains co-harboring <i>bla</i> _NDM and <i>tet(X)</i> genes exhibit high potential for imminent emergence in human populations. Considering that the <i>bla</i> _NDM-carrier bacteria are increasingly adapted to inter-human spread, the analysis results above can provide methodological and data support for epidemiological surveillance, tracing, and early warning alerts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1608826"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}