Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic nomogram based on ultrasound and clinical data of predicting malignant lymph nodes in HIV patients with lymphadenopathy.","authors":"Lin Pan, Chaoting Yang, Huaguo Shao","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1622903","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1622903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), leads to severe immunodeficiency, making patients susceptible to opportunistic infections and malignancies. Lymphadenopathy is a common symptom in AIDS patients, reflecting immune system responses but also indicating potential disease progression. Distinguishing between benign and malignant lymphadenopathy is crucial for appropriate treatment. This study aimed to develop a diagnostic method for differentiating benign and malignant lymph nodes in HIV-infected patients using clinical and ultrasound data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted at Hangzhou Xixi Hospital from March 2016 to March 2024, including 149 HIV patients with confirmed lymphadenopathy. Ultrasound examinations were performed to assess lymph node characteristics, and biopsies were conducted for pathological confirmation. Statistical analysis involved the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression to identify significant predictors and construct a nomogram for predicting lymph node malignancy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The malignant lymph nodes had larger short and long diameters, and differences in shape, echogenicity, and hilum compared to benign lymph nodes. Lymphocyte count and T cell subsets were higher in malignant lymph nodes. The LASSO regression model identified short diameter, lymphocyte ratio, CD3⁺ T cell count, and CD4⁺ T cell ratio as significant predictors. The nomogram constructed based on these features demonstrated good predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.904).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, our study developed a diagnostic nomogram based on clinical and ultrasound data to differentiate benign and malignant lymph nodes in HIV patients. This tool had diagnostic accuracy and offers practical guidance for clinical management of HIV patients with lymphadenopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1622903"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12450984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating an evolving microbial landscape: emerging antimicrobial resistance trends and precision stewardship in Tianjin tertiary hospitals (2021-2023).","authors":"Yong-Li Wan, Tao Han, Qiang Sun, Donghao Wang, Jun Li, Li-Jie Wang, Min Peng, Yin Li, Qing-Guo Feng, Chun-Guang Liu, Jie Xu, Bin Bao, Mei Su, Zhi-Yong Fei, Xu-Liang Wang, Xiao-Bo Liu","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1629038","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1629038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate microbial distribution and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns in clinical isolates from 13 tertiary hospitals and one secondary hospital in Tianjin (2021-2023) to inform precision-driven antimicrobial stewardship and infection control interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective, multicenter study, we collected routine diagnostic specimens-including sputum, fecal samples, secretions, blood, and drainage fluids. Data were processed per standardized protocols (CARSS, CHINET) and interpreted using current CLSI-M100 breakpoints. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 20.0 (significance set at two-tailed <i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sputum specimens increased from 39.1% to 43.0%, while urine samples and secretions declined. <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> prevalence rose from 18.3% to 20.3%, whereas <i>Escherichia coli</i> remained stable. <i>E. coli</i> maintained excellent susceptibility to carbapenems and amikacin (≤2% resistance); notably, ceftazidime/avibactam resistance declined from 7.2% to 3.4% (<i>P</i> = 0.005) amid a significant increase in cefepime resistance (24.4% to 29.6%, <i>P</i> < 0.001). <i>K. pneumoniae</i> exhibited parallel trends, with escalating resistance to β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor agents. In <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, aminoglycoside, and carbapenem profiles remained stable, while ceftazidime/avibactam sensitivity markedly improved, suggesting shifts in underlying resistance mechanisms. <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> showed enhanced susceptibility to aminoglycosides, β-lactam inhibitors, and fluoroquinolones; however, carbapenem-resistant isolates continued to exhibit near-universal resistance. Among gram-positive pathogens, methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> sustained near-universal β-lactam resistance with improved rifampicin sensitivity, while glycopeptides and linezolid remained fully active. <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> demonstrated reduced ampicillin resistance, contrasting with <i>E. faecium</i>'s near-pan-resistance to β-lactams and fluoroquinolones.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Evolving, species-specific AMR patterns in Tianjin hospitals highlight the urgent need for real-time, regionally stratified surveillance and molecularly informed stewardship strategies to guide targeted antimicrobial interventions and improve clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1629038"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12450913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Swine influenza-modified pulmonary microbiota.","authors":"Javier Arranz-Herrero, Sara Izpura-Luis, Jesus Presa, Paloma Reche, Paloma Encinas, Taeyong Kwon, Sergio Rius-Rocabert, Vicent Tur-Planells, Juan Luis Tejerina, Jordi Ochando, César B Gutiérrez-Martín, Eric Bortz, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Juergen A Richt, Maria Montoya, Gustavo Del Real, Estanislao Nistal-Villan","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1634469","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1634469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Influenza A virus (IAV) remains a major health concern in both humans and animals, with pigs serving as key reservoirs for generating novel reassortant viruses with pandemic potential. Respiratory microbiome alterations during infection may facilitate secondary bacterial complications. This study investigates the lung microbiota of pigs naturally infected with IAV across different regions in Spain, using Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) long-read 16S rRNA sequencing to characterize associated bacterial communities. Our results show a higher bacterial genus diversity in IAV-infected animals compared to healthy controls, with significant differences in both presence and relative abundance of bacterial taxa. Infected lungs exhibited increased proportions of potential pathogens, particularly <i>Glaesserella</i> spp., detected in approximately 60% of infected samples, often as the dominant genus. Other pathogenic genera, including <i>Pasteurella</i>, <i>Staphylococcus</i>, <i>Mycoplasma</i>, and <i>Fusobacterium</i>, were also strongly associated with infection. Clustering analyses revealed distinct microbial profiles that clearly separated infected from non-infected animals, identifying specific bacterial signatures predictive of infection status. These findings suggest that IAV infection significantly alters the pulmonary microbiota, potentially creating a permissive environment for secondary bacterial infections. This study underscores the relevance of microbiota shifts during IAV infection in swine and highlights the importance of understanding microbial dynamics in respiratory disease progression. Additionally, we present a novel, rapid, and practical experimental pipeline based on ONT long-read sequencing to investigate the respiratory microbiota in swine infection models. This approach offers a valuable tool for future research and potential diagnostic applications in both veterinary and human medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1634469"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12450909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key sugar transporters drive development and pathogenicity in <i>Aspergillus flavus</i>.","authors":"Raheela Yasin, Sayed Usman, Qijian Qin, Xiufang Gong, Bin Wang, Linqi Wang, Cheng Jin, Wenxia Fang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1661799","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1661799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Aspergillus flavus</i> is a ubiquitous filamentous fungus that poses significant threats as both a causative agent of invasive aspergillosis and a major source of crop contamination due to production of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Sugars are essential for fungal metabolism, cell wall biosynthesis, and virulence, yet sugar transporters (STPs) in <i>A. flavus</i> remain largely uncharacterized. In this study, we systematically investigated three putative STP genes (<i>G4B84_001982</i>, <i>G4B84_005374</i>, and <i>G4B84_009351</i>) by comprehensive functional characterization of gene deletion mutants. Growth assays revealed that <i>G4B84_001982</i> and <i>G4B84_005374</i> mediate uptake of diverse sugar substrates, while <i>G4B84_009351</i> appeared to be non-essential under tested conditions. Heterologous expressions in the hexose transport-deficient <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> strain confirmed their sugar transporter activity. Phenotypic analysis revealed that the Δ<i>1982</i> and Δ<i>5374</i> mutants showed pleiotropic defects, including impaired growth, reduced sporulation, delayed germination, increased sensitivity to cell wall stressors, and completely abolished sclerotium formation. Pathogenicity assays demonstrated that the two mutants exhibited attenuated virulence in both plants (crop seeds) and animal (<i>Galleria mellonella</i>) infection model. Our findings highlight the essential of two STPs in <i>A. flavus</i> development, stress tolerance, and pathogenicity, offering insights into sugar-mediated pathogenicity in this economically and medically important fungus.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1661799"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12450973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel genotype of <i>Hepacivirus bovis</i> identified in reindeer (<i>Rangifer tarandus</i>) in northeastern China.","authors":"Wenbo Xu, Wei Wang, Liyan Sui, Nan Liu, Yinghua Zhao, Quan Liu","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1646191","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1646191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepaciviruses (family <i>Flaviviridae</i>) are significant pathogens affecting both human and animal health. While the hepatitis C virus (<i>Hepacivirus hominis</i>) is extensively studies in humans, related viruses have been identified across various animal species. Bovine hepacivirus (BovHepV) is capable of persistent infection in cattle, facilitating mutation accumulation and recombination events that may generate novel variants. BovHepV has also been found in wild boars and sheep, suggesting a broader host range than previously recognized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, metagenomic sequencing was performed on 21 serum samples collected from reindeer (<i>Rangifer tarandus</i>) in Inner Mongolia, China. Two near-complete hepacivirus genomes were identified and designated as <i>Rangifer tarandus</i> hepacivirus (RtHepV) isolates GH01 and GH02. Phylogenetic and <i>p</i>-distance analyses were used to assess genetic relatedness to known hepaciviruses. Recombination detection and host-virus co-evolutionary analyses were also conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 21 reindeer serum samples, the positivity rates of RtHepV GH01 and GH02 were 42.9% (9/21) and 4.8% (1/21), respectively. These isolates shared the highest sequence identities with the BovHepV Bulgaria 9 strain, with nucleotide identities of 68.2% (GH01) and 67.9% (GH02), and amino acid identities of 75.0% (GH01) and 74.8% (GH02). Phylogenetic analysis clustered RtHepV within the <i>Hepacivirus bovis</i> lineage, but in a distinct clade separate from previously reported BovHepV strains. <i>P</i>-distance calculations indicated that RtHepV does not constitute a novel species; instead, it qualifies as a novel genotype within <i>Hepacivirus bovis</i>, as its amino acid identity with other subtypes falls below the 77% threshold. Recombination analyses revealed evidence of genetic exchange between RtHepV and BovHepV strains. Co-evolutionary analyses further highlighted frequent host-switching events within the genus <i>Hepacivirus</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reports the identification of two novel hepacivirus variants in reindeer from northeastern China, closely related to bovine hepaciviruses. These findings expand the known host range and geographic distribution of Hepacivirus, highlighting its ecological adaptability and the risk of cross-species transmission. The results underscore the potential public and veterinary health implications of hepaciviruses, warranting further investigation into the epidemiology of hepaciviruses.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1646191"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12450936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: The correlation between antibiotic usage and antibiotic resistance: a 3-year retrospective study.","authors":"Ann Lisa Arulappen, Amer Hayat Khan, Syed Shahzad Hasan, Sabariah Noor Harun, Ting Soo Chow, Mahmood Basil A Al-Rawi, Wajid Syed","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1692095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1692095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1608921.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1692095"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12454988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145137083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcumin-photosensitized nanocapsules: biocompatibility and antimicrobial evaluation in primary tooth dentin contaminated with <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>.","authors":"Michelle Cristina Erckmann, Aline Almeida, Diogo Dominguini, Daniela Becker, Josiane Khun Rutz, Dachamir Hotza, Abhishek Parolia, Vanessa Valgas Dos Santos, Michael Ramos Nunes, Cleonice Gonçalves Da Rosa, Anelise Viapiana Masiero","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1614363","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1614363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dental caries is a multifactorial disease with high prevalence, particularly in vulnerable populations, where <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> contributes to lesion progression via acid production and biofilm formation. Minimally invasive strategies, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined with advanced delivery systems, offer promising alternatives for caries management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Zein-based nanocapsules loaded with curcumin (Nano-curcumin) were synthesized via nanoprecipitation and characterized for encapsulation efficiency, particle size, polydispersity, zeta potential, morphology, and curcumin release. Biocompatibility was assessed using rabbit oral mucosal cells via MTT and trypan blue assays. Antimicrobial efficacy was tested in vitro on primary dentin slices contaminated with S. mutans across four groups: Nano-curcumin, Nano-curcumin + PDT, diode laser, and untreated control. Colony-forming units (CFU) were quantified after treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey's test (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nano-curcumin demonstrated high encapsulation efficiency (~100%), spherical morphology, low polydispersity (0.108), and favorable colloidal stability, with sustained curcumin release over 24 hours. Cytotoxicity assays showed >50% cell viability at 100 μg·mL⁻¹ and ~80% at intermediate concentrations (50-75 µg·mL^-¹). Both curcumin nanocapsules and their photosensitized versions significantly reduced <i>S. mutans</i> CFU compared to controls (p < 0.05), with PDT-enhanced nanocapsules showing the greatest reduction, though not statistically different from non-photosensitized nanocapsules.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Curcumin-loaded zein nanocapsules are biocompatible and effective against <i>S. mutans</i>, with controlled release properties. Photodynamic activation further enhances antimicrobial activity, supporting their potential as a minimally invasive approach for managing carious lesions, particularly in pediatric dentistry. This strategy integrates a natural photosensitizer with a biodegradable polymeric matrix, providing a safe and innovative alternative for caries control.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1614363"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12450906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity of <i>Microviridae</i> phages in the human respiratory tract.","authors":"Peiting Yang, Huanyan Zhang, Liang Yin, Jiaheng Chen, Yue Chen, Hongfeng Yang, Qi Liu, Wen Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1629120","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1629120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent studies have revealed that <i>Microviridae</i>, a family of ssDNA viruses, are widely distributed in natural environments and play significant roles in various ecosystems. While <i>Microviridae</i> members dominate the human gut microbiome, their genetic diversity in the human respiratory ecosystem remains unclear. The distribution, genetic characteristics, and ecological roles of <i>Microviridae</i> are still poorly understood. This study identified 327 Microviridae-associated contigs from nasopharyngeal swab samples of healthy individuals through metagenomic sequencing and comparative genomics analysis, including 15 near-complete <i>Microviridae</i>-related genomes. These genomes exhibited high sequence divergence from each other, revealing their high genetic diversity. Phylogenetic analysis based on VP1 (major capsid protein; F protein) demonstrated that the 15 genomes could be classified into seven distinct <i>Microviridae</i> groups. CRISPR spacer matching predicted the host of the 15 genomes. The total read counts of <i>Microviridae</i> across all 12 libraries were quantified and compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test. This work significantly expands the understanding of the diversity, genomic architecture, and evolutionary dynamics of <i>Microviridae</i> within the human respiratory tract.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1629120"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12450867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of a rapid diagnostic test based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) to identify the most frequent pathogens causing hospital-acquired pneumonia.","authors":"Anna Sellarès-Crous, Arturo Martínez-Trejo, Natàlia Arnalda-Muñoz, Giulia Gatti, Miriam Villanueva-López, Andrea Vergara-Gómez, Francesc Marco-Reverté, Mateu Espasa-Soley, Jordi Vila-Estapé","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1609666","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1609666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is a serious infection affecting patients in the hospital setting. This study aimed to evaluate a novel multiplex detection method using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technology to identify six primary bacterial pathogens responsible for HAP directly from respiratory samples.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 119 clinical samples were analyzed by LAMP technology, including mainly bronchoalveolar lavages, endotracheal aspirates, and bronchoaspirates.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>The results of the LAMP and traditional culture methods showed an accuracy of 93.0%. In some discordant cases between culture and LAMP, multiplex PCR (FilmArray Pneumonia Panel) showed a strong correlation with the LAMP results, confirming the potential use of this technique as a diagnostic detection tool. The clinical sensitivity of the LAMP assay was 93.3% with a specificity of 92.0%. Correlation analysis revealed a weak negative relationship between bacterial load and time to positivity (<i>r</i> = -0.177, <i>p</i> = 0.05). This study underscores the potential of LAMP as a rapid and accurate tool for the diagnosis of HAP, facilitating the turnaround time for microbiology laboratory results, which is critical for improving the outcomes of patients with HAP.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1609666"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12450964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent ECC1 effector homologs modulate host-specific virulence in cucurbit-infecting <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>.","authors":"Babette V Vlieger, Like Fokkens, Frank L W Takken, Martijn Rep","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1656785","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1656785","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> (Fo) is a soil-borne fungal pathogen that causes wilt disease in over one hundred plant species, with host-specific strains classified into <i>formae speciales</i> (ff. spp.). For example, Fo f. sp. <i>melonis</i> (Fom) only causes disease in melon while Fo f. sp. <i>radicis-cucumerinum</i> (Forc) can infect multiple cucurbit species. The virulence factors underlying host specificity in these cucurbit-infecting <i>formae speciales</i> have largely remained elusive, limiting our understanding of Fo-host interactions. A previous study identified Effector for Cucurbit Compatibility 1a (ECC1a), an avirulence protein from Fom that restricts cucumber infection when introduced into Forc. Here, we show that <i>ECC1a</i> is part of a previously unrecognized effector gene family, <i>ECC1</i>, abundantly present in strains that infect one or more cucurbit species. However, the role of this family in host compatibility is still poorly understood. Using gene knockout- and replacement strategies, we show that the <i>ECC1</i> gene family contributes to virulence of both Forc and Fom on cucumber and melon. Specifically, ECC1a contributes to Fom virulence on melon and Forc virulence on cucumber. ECC1b appears to be primarily involved in Fom virulence on melon.Expression profiling reveals a potential role of ECC1 during early stages of infection, suggesting involvement in initial host colonization. Together, these findings highlight the host- and <i>forma specialis</i>-specific functions of ECC1 homologs in Fo pathogenicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1656785"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12450888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145130122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}