Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> CNCM I-745 for the treatment of pediatric acute diarrhea in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Lynne V McFarland, Tong Li","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1587792","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1587792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pediatric acute gastroenteritis (PAGE) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in children under five years old. Therapeutic strategies including probiotics have been investigated, but trials from non-English speaking countries may not be easily accessible.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the efficacy of <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> compared to controls for treating PAGE in children receiving standard rehydration therapy in trials conducted in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Systematic review and meta-analysis using literature search with Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and China Biology Medicine disc (from inception to June 30, 2024) of randomized, controlled trials comparing <i>S. boulardii</i> CNCM I-745 to controls for the treatment of PAGE in children conducted in China. Independent data extraction by two reviewers. Standard meta-analysis methods were applied and random-effect or fixed-effects models were used depending upon the degree of heterogeneity using standardized mean differences for continuous data and relative risk estimates for dichotomous outcomes. The risk of bias for each study was determined and heterogeneity was measured by I².</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 851 articles screened, 10 RCTs (1125 participants) met the inclusion criteria, and none were found in non-Chinese databases. <i>S. boulardii</i> CNCM I-745 was found to significantly reduce the duration of PAGE (SMD=-1.63 days, 95% CI -2.08, -1.18), improve the total effectiveness rating (RR=1.22, 95% CI 1.16, 1.28) and significantly more participants were cured (RR=1.47, 95% CI 1.30, 1.67). The finding that <i>S. boulardii</i> significantly reduced the levels of two pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL8) has not been reported in previous meta-analyses of PAGE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>S. boulardii</i> CNCM I-745 is an effective treatment for PAGE and was well tolerated in trials done in China.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>www.crd.york.ac.uk/PRSPERO, identifier CRD 42024567537.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1587792"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From transmission to adaptive evolution: genomic surveillance of Getah virus.","authors":"Yuge Yuan, Yujia Hao, Chengcheng Peng, Duo Zhang, Wenzhou Ma, Pengpeng Xiao, Nan Li","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1513392","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1513392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Getah virus (GETV) is a member of the <i>Alphavirus</i> of the <i>Togaviridae</i>. It is a single-stranded positive-RNA virus that is mainly transmitted by mosquitoes. In recent years, the spread of GETV has become increasingly serious, causing serious losses to the animal economy and posing a potential threat to public health. GETV infected animals extend from traditional domestic animals such as horses and pigs to cattle, foxes and other animals. Especially in China, the virus has been detected in many provinces in recent years. In addition, GETV-specific antibodies were detected in healthy humans. However, the threat posed by GETV in China has not received enough attention. In this study, we downloaded all available GETV genome-wide serials (82 serials in total) from the NCBI as of December 2023. We integrate multiple bioinformatics approaches to understand the characteristics of GETV from the perspectives of epidemiology, virus-host co-evolution, and viral adaptation analysis. The results of this study show that GETV is rapidly expanding its host range and geographical distribution at high evolutionary rates due to the lack of commercially available vaccines. Second, we clearly reveal the cross-species transmission of GETV. Finally, we identified important adaptive and active selection sites. GETV and its media are widely distributed in China, and new host infections continue to appear. Therefore, strengthening surveillance and prevention to avoid serious losses to the pandemic is an important task we face today.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1513392"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular and epidemiological characterization of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> in Huaian, China (2022-2024): a retrospective study.","authors":"Jianchun Lian, Qianhui Li, Cheng Peng, Tao Lin, Hong Du, Chaogui Tang, Xiaoyun Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1569004","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1569004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (CR-hvKP) poses a significant public health challenge. This study investigated the molecular epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance patterns, clinical characteristics, and risk factors of CR-hvKP infection in Huaian, China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively studied patients infected with carbapenem-resistant <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (CRKP) between November 2022 and September 2024. Whole-genome sequencing was used to detect carbapenemase, virulence, capsular serotype-related genes, and plasmid types in 374 CRKP isolates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among them, 57.49% (215/374) strains met the criteria for CR-hvKP. The most common type was blaKPC-2-producing ST11(98.60%, 212/215), whereas K64 (56.74%, 122/215) and KL25 (39.53%, 85/215) were the main capsular serotypes. The CR-hvKP strains showed significantly higher resistance to the tested antibiotics, except for ceftazidime/avibactam and colistin. Resistance rates of CR-hvKP to the three tested antibiotics (minocycline, cotrimoxazole, and amikacin) were higher than those of CRnon-hvKP. Phylogenetic analysis based on whole-genome single-nucleotide polymorphisms divided the 251 isolates into four independent branches, with branch 2 being the most prevalent, indicating high clonality among the strains. Multivariate analysis showed diabetes [odds ratio (OR) = 3.771] and surgery (OR =2.042) to be independent variables associated with CR-hvKP infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Notably, the ST11 lineage carrying blaKPC-2 has emerged as a dominant high-risk clone in Huaian. Given the wide distribution of these novel CR-hvKP isolates, global monitoring and stricter control measures should be implemented to prevent their further spread in hospital settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1569004"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogen detection and antibiotic use in granulomatous lobular mastitis: a comparison of mNGS and culture.","authors":"Xu Mu, Hongmin Luo, Hanhua Li, Shenghua Chen, Yuyang Han, Lin Zhang, Wei Liu, Weilong Qiao, Shaoyi Zheng, Zhifeng Huang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1570776","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1570776","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the clinical microbial profile of patients with granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) and compare various detection methods to identify the most effective approach for pathogen detection, which could help enhance clinical diagnosis and treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed data from 84 patients diagnosed with GLM, assessed the composition of pathogenic microorganisms in these patients, and compared the effectiveness of different sampling methods and detection techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii</i> (<i>C. kroppenstedtii</i>) was identified as the predominant microorganism among GLM patients. The positivity rate was low in skin swabs (10%) but similar in pus (40%) and tissue samples (37%). After antibiotic treatment, the pathogen detection rate of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) (54.55%) was found to be higher than that of culture-based methods (27.27%). Among the GLM cases with pathogenic infection, although mNGS demonstrated higher sensitivity (75.0%) than culture tests (50.0%), both methods exhibited 100.0% specificity. However, the time for obtaining results with mNGS was significantly shorter (1.2 ± 0.41 days) compared to bacterial culture (5.5 ± 0.64 days) (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that pus was the most suitable sample type for microbial evidence collection in patients with GLM. mNGS demonstrated superior performance compared to culture in distinguishing infectious from non-infectious cases, with reduced antibiotic interference, faster turnaround time, and higher accuracy. Based on our single-center experience, empirical cephalosporin treatment may be appropriate for these patients. Additionally, surgical intervention remains the most efficient approach for rapid and complete resolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1570776"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188451/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intestinal flora metabolites indole-3-butyric acid and disodium succinate promote IncI2 <i>mcr-1-</i>carrying plasmid transfer.","authors":"Jialiang Xu, Mengke Zhang, Yi Yan, Zhe Li, Xin Lu","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1564810","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1564810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Plasmid-driven horizontal transfer of resistance genes in bacterial communities is a major factor in the spread of resistance worldwide. The gut microbiome, teeming with billions of microorganisms, serves as a reservoir for resistance genes. The metabolites of gut microorganisms strongly influence the physiology of their microbial community, but the role of the metabolites in the transfer of resistance genes remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A dual-fluorescence conjugation model was established. We assessed the effects of different concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and disodium succinate (DS) on plasmid transfer using conjugation assays. The growth of bacteria (donors, recipients, and transconjugants), the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and membrane permeability were measured under IBA and DS exposure. The plasmid copy number, and transcriptional levels of conjugation-related genes (including the related genes of the regulation of ROS production, the SOS response, cell membrane permeability, pilus generation, ATP synthesis, and the type IV secretion system (T4SS) ) were evaluated by qPCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, we demonstrated that IBA and DS at low concentrations, which can also be ingested through diet, enhance the interspecies transfer ratio of IncI2 <i>mcr-1</i>-carrying plasmid in <i>Escherichia coli</i>. At 20 mg/L, the transfer ratios in the presence of IBA or DS increased by 2.5- and 2.7-fold compared to that of the control, respectively. Exposure to this concentration of IBA or DS increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the SOS response, cell membrane permeability, and plasmid copy number. The transcription of genes of the related pathways and of pilus, ATP, and the T4SS was upregulated.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings revealed that low-dose gut microbiota metabolites-particularly those with dietary origins-promote plasmid-mediated resistance gene dissemination through multifaceted mechanisms involving oxidative stress, SOS activation, and conjugation machinery enhancement. This highlights potential public health risks associated with microbiota metabolites, especially those utilized in food production.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1564810"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world efficacy and safety of letermovir versus ganciclovir prophylaxis in adolescent patients undergoing allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a single center observational study.","authors":"Ziwei Xu, Xuan Lu, Huafang Wang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1558637","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1558637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the efficacy and safety of letermovir and ganciclovir for cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis in adolescent patients (aged 14-17 years) undergoing allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational and single-center study collected data from February 2023 and April 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cumulative incidence of CMV DNAemia following HSCT was 44.4% in the letermovir group (n=20) and 66.3% in the control group (n=32) receiving ganciclovir. Notably, the cumulative incidence of clinically significant CMV infection (csCMVi) was significantly reduced in the letermovir group compared with control patients (11.0% vs 41.3%, p=0.021). Among patients diagnosed with grades II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), a significantly lower proportion of individuals in the letermovir group presented CMV DNAemia than in the control group (20.0% vs 73.3%, p=0.013). The common adverse events observed in the letermovir group were aGVHD (60.0%), diarrhea (25.0%), and nausea (15.0%). Leukopenia was reported in only one patient, and did not necessitate an adjustment of letermovir dosage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this single-center real-world study, letermovir exhibited a favourable efficacy and safety profile for CMV prophylaxis in adolescent patients undergoing HSCT. However, further prospective multi-center studies are warranted to validate our conclusion in adolescent patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1558637"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host-specific vascular endothelial cell responses to <i>Angiostrongylus vasorum</i>: a comparative <i>in vitro</i> study in red foxes (<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>) and domestic dogs.","authors":"Belinda Eisenhut, Aline Wittwer, Manuela Schnyder, Andreas W Oehm","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1584663","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1584663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Canine angiostrongylosis, caused by <i>Angiostrongylus vasorum</i>, affects dogs and red foxes, with dogs developing cardiopulmonary and coagulation disorders, while foxes remain mostly subclinical.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study examined aortic endothelial cell responses from both species to <i>A. vasorum</i> adult full somatic antigen extracts, first-stage larval (L1) antigen, and adult excretory-secretory products (ESP). Differential gene expression of interleukins (IL) -6, -10, and -33, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), endothelial selectin (E-selectin), platelet selectin (P-selectin), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) was assessed via reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT qPCR) after four and 24 hours of antigen exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four hours post ESP stimulation, IL-10 increased in dogs (1.8-fold) but decreased in foxes (0.4-fold). IL-33 declined in both, (0.9-fold vs. 0.7-fold, respectively). VCAM-1 was upregulated more in foxes (3.5-fold vs. 1.2 in dogs). Following adult antigen exposure, P-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 increased in fox more than in dog cells (1.4, 1.7, and 3.1-fold vs. 0.9, 0.5, and 0.7-fold, respectively). L1 antigen downregulated IL-10 and MCP-1 in dogs (0.7 and 0.8-fold) but upregulated them in foxes (2.1 and 1.1-fold). Twenty-four hours after ESP stimulation, ICAM-1 decreased in dogs (0.8-fold) but increased in foxes (1.4-fold). VCAM-1 was downregulated in dogs (0.6-fold) but upregulated in foxes (12.9-fold). Adult antigen exposure upregulated P-selectin in both species, more in foxes (4.8-fold) than in dogs (1.9-fold). ICAM-1 was downregulated in dogs (0.8-fold) but upregulated 7.5-fold in foxes. L1 antigen stimulation caused the most substantial differences between species: IL-6 was upregulated more in dogs (4.7-fold) than foxes (1.2-fold). E-Selectin was upregulated in dogs (12.8-fold) but downregulated in foxes (0.2-fold). P-selectin increased more in dogs (10.0-fold) than in foxes (1.7-fold). ICAM-1 was downregulated in dogs (0.6-fold) but upregulated in foxes (2.6-fold), as was VCAM-1 (0.7-fold and 3.1-fold). VEGF was upregulated 9.5-fold in dogs after adult antigen exposure, and 7.6-fold after L1 antigen exposure, while it remained rather unchanged in foxes (0.9-fold and 1.0-fold, respectively).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings corroborate that foxes have developed mechanisms for a regulated immune response following <i>A. vasorum</i> exposure, while dogs exhibit a higher pro-inflammatory reaction, contributing to severe clinical outcomes. Host-parasite co-evolution may explain differences in the pathogenesis and clinical presentation of canid angiostrongylosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1584663"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiota and gastric cancer: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.","authors":"Zhou Chen, Dacheng Jin, Jinjing Hu, Defeng Guan, Qizhou Bai, Yunjiu Gou","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1563061","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1563061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric cancer, a prevalent malignancy globally, is influenced by various factors. The imbalance in the gut microbiome and the existence of particular intratumoural microbiota could have a strong connection with the onset and progression of gastric cancer. High-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis have revealed a close correlation between abnormal abundance of specific microbial communities and the risk of gastric cancer. These microbial communities contribute to gastric cancer progression through mechanisms including increasing cellular genomic damage, inhibiting DNA repair, activating abnormal signaling pathways, exacerbating tumor hypoxia, and shaping a tumor immune-suppressive microenvironment. This significantly impacts the efficacy of gastric cancer treatments, including chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Probiotic, prebiotic, antibiotic, carrier-based, dietary interventions, fecal microbiota transplantation, and traditional Chinese medicine show potential applications in gastric cancer treatment. However, the molecular mechanisms regarding dysbiosis of microbiota, including gut microbiota, and intra-tumoral microbiota during the progression of gastric cancer, as well as the therapeutic efficacy of microbiota-related applications, still require extensive exploration through experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1563061"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of S100A8/A9 and resistin as predictive biomarkers for mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis.","authors":"Jing Chen, Zhengquan Liu, Fan Zhou, Ye Sun, Zhenyou Jiang, Pingsen Zhao","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1555307","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1555307","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Sepsis is associated with high mortality. Early intervention is crucial to reducing sepsis-related mortality. This study aims to assess the clinical potential of S100A8/A9 and resistin as novel biomarkers for predicting mortality risk in sepsis patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;Serum samples were collected and analyzed from 141 adult sepsis patients (discovery cohort), 43 non-sepsis intensive care units (ICU) patients, 15 healthy volunteers, and 55 sepsis patients along with 17 non-sepsis ICU patients (validation cohort). The 28-day mortality and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores of the participants were compared. Additionally, the predictive ability of S100A8/A9 and resistin for sepsis mortality was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve at ICU admission.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The concentrations of S100A8/A9 and resistin in sepsis patients were noticeably increased relative to non-sepsis patients and healthy controls. Serum S100A8/A9 concentrations in surviving sepsis patients were significantly higher than in non-surviving patients. On the day of admission, serum resistin concentrations in Gram-negative (G-) sepsis patients were considerably elevated relative to Gram-positive (G+) infected sepsis patients. Among sepsis patients admitted to the ICU, the AUC for S100A8/A9 in predicting 28-day mortality was 0.617 (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.032; 95% confidence bounds 0.513-0.721), and for SOFA was 0.750 (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001; 95% confidence bounds 0.660-0.840). Sepsis patients with high serum S100A8/A9 concentrations (≥ 377.53 ng/mL) had a higher survival rate relative to those with low concentrations (&lt;377.53 ng/mL). In the validation cohort, the AUC for S100A8/A9 and 28-day mortality was 0.708 (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.032; 95% confidence bounds 0.563-0.854), and for SOFA was 0.698 (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.025; 95% confidence bounds 0.550-0.845). Additionally, sepsis patients with high serum S100A8/A9 concentrations (≥ 377.53 ng/mL) also had a higher survival rate relative to those with lower concentrations (&lt; 377.53 ng/mL). Furthermore, serum resistin levels in patients with a normal phenotype and mixed phenotype with hyperinflammation were predictive of mortality, with an AUC of 0.810 (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.034; 95% confidence bounds 0.605-1.00) and 0.708 (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.015; 95% confidence bounds 0.571-0.846). In patients with a normal sepsis phenotype, those with high serum resistin levels (≥ 63.695 ng/mL) had a lower survival rate compared to those with low resistin levels (&lt; 63.695 ng/mL). In contrast, in patients with a mixed phenotype with hyperinflammation, those with high serum resistin levels (≥ 107.64 ng/mL) had a higher survival rate compared to those with lower resistin levels (&lt; 107.64 ng/mL).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Discussion: &lt;/strong&gt;Sepsis, the leading cause of death in intensive care unit patients. Identifying reliable biomarkers is essential for improving both the diagnosis and trea","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1555307"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Based on quorum sensing: reverse effect of traditional Chinese medicine on bacterial drug resistance mechanism.","authors":"Ningning Qiu, Wenlong Liu, Xili Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1582003","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1582003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a critical global health challenge requiring urgent multidisciplinary interventions. Pathogenic bacteria utilize six principal resistance mechanisms: (1) Enzymatic degradation of antibiotics via the production of inactivating enzymes; (2) Inactivation of antibiotics by changing the drug targets; (3) Reduction of antibiotics entry by decreasing bacterial permeability; (4) Enhanced antibiotics efflux through overexpression of efflux pumps; (5) Acquisition of antibiotics resistance via genetic mutations; (6) Development of antibiotics resistance through formation of microbial biofilms. Notably, these resistance determinants demonstrate close coordination through quorum sensing, collectively establishing recalcitrant infections that defy conventional therapies. Emerging evidence confirms the therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine in combating antimicrobial resistance. Traditional Chinese medicine can be used as quorum sensing inhibitors to interfere with the quorum sensing of bacteria, thereby achieving antibacterial effects. Moreover, traditional Chinese medicine has the characteristics of rich components, long history, mild action and no drug resistance, which makes it stand out in the research against drug-resistant bacterial infections. This paper systematically describes six mechanisms of bacterial resistance and reviews the antagonistic effects of traditional Chinese medicine against these mechanisms based on quorum sensing. It highlights that the active ingredients, extracts and compound formulations of traditional Chinese medicine have good reversal effects on bacterial antibiotic resistance, which can effectively treat drug-resistant bacterial infections. When combined with antibiotics, traditional Chinese medicine not only reduces antibiotics dosage but also adverse reactions, holding promise for improving and addressing clinical challenges posed by bacterial resistance. This article further discusses the impact of different delivery methods on the anti-bacterial biofilms efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine. It introduces the main delivery methods of traditional Chinese medicine at present and the new delivery methods under research, pointing out the huge development potential in the research of traditional Chinese medicine dosage forms. Additionally, the deficiencies and improvement methods of the current research were pointed out, and prospects for future related research were put forward.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1582003"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144495601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}