Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"High-density lipoprotein cholesterol as a prognostic marker for 90-day transplant-free mortality in hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure.","authors":"Ke Shi, Yi Zhang, Yanqiu Li, Xiaojing Wang, Ying Feng, Xianbo Wang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1458818","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1458818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is linked to dyslipidemia and inflammatory responses. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and 90-day transplant-free (TF) mortality in patients with HBV-ACLF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cohort of 287 patients with HBV-ACLF from Beijing Ditan Hospital was enrolled between January 2016 and December 2019. The prognostic accuracy of lipid profile parameters was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and the association between HDL-C levels and mortality was assessed using a restricted cubic spline analysis. Correlations between lipid profile parameters and inflammatory factors were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to assess 90-day TF mortality, and log-rank tests were used for comparison analysis. These results were internally validated between January 2020 and December 2023 (n=125).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with lower HDL-C levels exhibited higher mortality rates (adjusted hazard ratio for HDL-C < 0.13 mmol/L: 4.04, 95% confidence interval: 1.35-11.85) compared with those in the reference group (with HDL-C levels above 0.36 mmol/L). An \"L-shaped\" association was observed between HDL-C levels and TF mortality. The prognostic value of HDL-C (AUC at day 90: 0.732) was comparable to the model for end-stage liver disease score of 0.729. Additionally, HDL-C levels were inversely correlated with interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (all <i>P</i><0.05). In the training cohort, the 90-day TF mortality rates were 8.3%, 15.2%, 24.0%, and 43.2% for the extremely low, low, medium, and high-risk subgroups, respectively, while in the validation cohort, they were 4.5%, 18.5%, 31.2%, and 44.7%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HDL-C levels < 0.13 mmol/L were associated with increased 90-day transplant-free mortality in patients with HBV-ACLF. An inverse correlation was found between HDL-C levels and inflammatory markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1458818"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11794805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visible and rapid detection of feline chaphamaparvovirus using multienzyme isothermal rapid amplification and lateral flow dipstick assay.","authors":"Jun Ji, Xinhao Mu, Shunshun Pan, Xin Xu, Shiyuan Zhang, Honghui Huang, Ying Li, Yingzuo Bi, Lunguang Yao","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1490948","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1490948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Feline chaphamaparvovirus (FeChPV) is a novel parvovirus previously reported in Canadian cats and Chinese dogs with diarrhea in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Herein, we aimed to establish a simple detection method for FeChPV in field clinics. The primers and probes for the multienzyme isothermal rapid amplification and lateral flow dipstick (MIRA-LFD) assay were designed to target the conserved regions of the FeChPV genome and determine the optimal reaction temperature and time. Without relying on precision instruments, FeChPV detection using the MIRA-LFD assay was completed within 20 min at 37°C, without any cross-reaction with other reference viruses. The newly established MIRA-LFD assay had a detection limit of 32.3 copies/μL, which was 10-fold lower than that of the nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Furthermore, the MIRA-LFD assay detected 29 FeChPV-positive samples among 417 cats with diarrhea, providing a slightly higher positivity rate than the nested PCR assay. These results indicate that the newly developed MIRA-LFD assay for FeChPV detection is an efficient, economical, reliable, and simple method that can help in the early prevention and control of FeChPV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1490948"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11794484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143364269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid diagnostic testing combined with an immediate infectious disease consultation increases the rate of septic intensive care unit patients on targeted antibiotic therapy.","authors":"Evelyn Kramme, Nadja Käding, Tobias Graf, Karolin Schmoll, Heidi Linnen, Katharina Nagel, Esther Grote-Levi, Susanne Hauswaldt, Dennis Nurjadi, Jan Rupp","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1513408","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1513408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the impact of rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) combined with immediate infectious disease (ID) consultation on the treatment of septic patients with positive blood cultures in intensive care units in a setting without 24/7 service.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult ICU patients in a tertiary care hospital with positive blood cultures were included from January 2019 to December 2020. The control group underwent routine laboratory testing, and for the intervention group, RDT was applied with immediate ID consultation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 77 out of the 91 patients in the intervention group, the pathogen was identified by RDT. Regarding antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), genotypic testing (ePlex^®) was successful for Gram-positive cocci, but inadequate for Gram-negative rods. Phenotypic resistance testing with the Accelerate PhenoTest^® took too long to be successfully integrated into the intervention. Adaptation of empirical antibiotic therapy was recommended for 72.7% of the patients. Adherence to the ID consultation post-RDT results was high at 82.3%. In the control group, adaptation of the initial antibiotic therapy would have been recommended for 81.8% of patients, if the species identification had been available. Overall adherence to the local antibiotic therapy guideline for sepsis was significantly lower in the control than in the intervention group (27.8% versus 89.3%, p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Integration of an RDT system in the microbiological workflow for septic patients in ICU combined with a standardized ID intervention led to a significantly higher percentage of adequate antimicrobial treatment and greater adherence to local antibiotic therapy recommendations, even in a setting where 24/7 service is not available.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1513408"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11790461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of the <i>Vibrio anguillarum Va</i>RyhB regulon and role in pathogenesis.","authors":"Yingjie Li, Xinran Yu, Peng Li, Xin Li, Lushan Wang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1531176","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1531176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The marine Gram-negative bacterium <i>Vibrio anguillarum</i> is one of the major pathogens in aquaculture. Iron uptake is a prerequisite for virulence and is strictly controlled by a global iron uptake regulator, Fur, which acts as a repressor under iron-replete conditions. When iron is depleted, Fur also functions as an activator, playing an important role in pathogenesis. It is unclear whether this upregulation model is mediated by a small RNA, RyhB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The small RNA, <i>VaryhB</i>, was deleted in <i>V. anguillarum</i> strain 775, and its regulon was investigated using transcriptomic analysis. The roles of VaRyhB in siderophore synthesis, chemotaxis and motility, and oxidative stress were evaluated using chrome azurol S (CAS) liquid assay, swimming motility assay, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, respectively. The virulence of VaRyhB was evaluated by challenging turbot larvae intraperitoneally.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The small RNA called VaRyhB identified in <i>V. anguillarum</i> strain 775 is significantly longer than that in Escherichia coli. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that VaRyhB is critical for iron homeostasis under limited iron conditions, and deletion of VaRyhB resulted in lower expression levels of certain genes for siderophore biosynthesis and transport, thereby leading to impaired growth, reduced siderophore production, and decreased pathogenesis. The virulence factor motility is also upregulated by VaRyhB, and reduced motility capability was observed in the ΔVaryhB mutant, which may be another reason resulting in weak pathogenesis. The sensitivity toward H2O2 in the ΔVafur mutant could be restored by the loss of VaRyhB, suggesting that the role of Fur in oxidative stress is mediated by VaRyhB. VaRyhB also functions to inhibit the expression of genes involved in Fe-S assembly and the TCA cycle. In addition, two aspects of the type VI secretion system and molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis were first identified as being regulated by VaRyhB.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In <i>V. anguillarum</i>, the sRNA VaRyhB plays a critical role in the inhibition of genes involved in the TCA cycle, Fe-S assembly, and the type VI secretion system. It is also essential for the activation of siderophore synthesis, chemotaxis and motility, and anaerobic denitrification. Our work provides the first evidence of the VaRyhB regulon and its role in the pathogenesis of <i>V. anguillarum</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1531176"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11790442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-genome analysis of a ST45-SCC<i>mec</i> IVa (2B)-t116 methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> strain isolated from the sputum of a 5-year-old child with pneumonia.","authors":"Lin Huang, Rui Guo, Jingxian Lin, Xiaowei Li, Zhicong Li, Limei Zhang, Wenting Li, Rui Xue, Cheng Zhang, Xiaosan Feng, Xiaobin Li","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1413024","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1413024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) sequence type (ST) 45 is a major global MRSA lineage with huge strain diversity and a high clinical impact. In Hainan and Guangzhou of China, the ST45-MRSA was mainly associated with t116.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The MRSA strain SA2107 was isolated from the sputum of a 5-year-old child with pneumonia. The whole genome of SA2107 was sequence using Illumina (Novaseq 6000) and PacBio (Sequel IIe) sequencers, and the sequences were assembled using hybrid assembly. The carriage of antibiotic resistance genes, virulence genes, and mobile genetic elements were identified using bioinformatics tools. The comparative genomic analyses of MRSA strain SA2107 with other MRSA strains worldwide were performed.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The genome size of ST45-SCC<i>mec</i> IVa (2B)-t116 MRSA strain SA2107 was ~2.9 Mb. Mobile genetic elements analysis of SA2107 revealed two plasmids (30,064-bp pSA2107-1 and 8,033-bp pSA2107-2), three prophages, two integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs), and two insertion sequences (ISs, IS<i>431</i> and IS<i>1272</i>). The SCC<i>mec</i> IVa (2B) carried by SA2107 contained the class B <i>mec</i> gene complex (IS<i>431</i>-<i>mecA</i>-Δ<i>mecR1</i>-IS<i>1272</i>) and type 2 <i>ccr</i> gene complex (<i>ccrA2</i> and <i>ccrB2</i>). Besides <i>mecA</i>, another beta-lactam resistance gene <i>blaZ</i> was found to located on six copies of <i>bla</i> complex (<i>blaZ</i>, <i>blaR1</i>, and <i>blaI</i>) on the chromosome of SA2107. Three kinds of virulence factors were detected on the chromosome of SA2107, including genes encoding toxins, exoenzyme, and immune-modulating protein. Notably, the three prophages harbored by the chromosome of SA2107 all carried virulence genes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thus far, only three complete genomes available for ST45-SCC<i>mec</i> IVa (2B)-t116 strain from United States, Germany, and Australia, respectively. The strain SA2107 was the first complete genome data (CP104559) from China for ST45-SCCmec IVa (2B)-t116 MRSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1413024"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11790441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CAM/TMA-DPH as a promising alternative to SYTO9/PI for cell viability assessment in bacterial biofilms.","authors":"Tinatini Tchatchiashvili, Mateusz Jundzill, Mike Marquet, Kamran A Mirza, Mathias W Pletz, Oliwia Makarewicz, Lara Thieme","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1508016","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1508016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Accurately assessing biofilm viability is essential for evaluating both biofilm formation and the efficacy of antibacterial treatments. Traditional SYTO9 and propidium iodide (PI) live/dead staining in biofilm viability assays often ace challenges due to non-specific staining, limiting precise differentiation between live and dead cells. To address this limitation, we investigated an alternative staining method employing calcein acetoxymethyl (CAM) to detect viable cells based on esterase activity, and 1-(4-trimethylammoniumphenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene p-toluenesulfonate (TMA-DPH) to assess the remaining biofilm population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Biofilms of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> were matured and exposed to varying concentrations of antibiotics or sterile medium. Biofilm viability was assessed using CAM/TMA-DPH or SYTO9/PIstaining, followed by analysis with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and ImageJ-based biofilm surface coverage quantification. Viability findings were compared with colony-forming units (CFU/mL), a standard microbial viability measure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CAM/TMA-DPH staining demonstrated strong positive correlations with CFU counts across all bacterial species (<i>r</i> = 0.59 - 0.91), accurately reflecting biofilm vitality. In contrast, SYTO9/PI staining consistently underestimated the viability of untreated biofilms, particularly in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, where a negative correlation with CFU/mL was observed (<i>r</i> = -0.04). Positive correlations for SYTO9/PI staining were noted in other species (<i>r</i> = 0.65 - 0.79). These findings underscore the limitations of membrane integrity-based staining methods and highlight the advantages of metabolic-based probes like CAM/TMA-DPH.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings suggest that CAM/TMA-DPH staining provides a promising alternative to SYTO9/PI for cell viability assessment in bacterial biofilms, highlighting the advantages of metabolic-based probes over traditional membrane integrity assays. The consistency of CAM/TMA-DPH staining across different bacterial species underscores its potential to advance studies on biofilm and contribute to the development of more effective anti-biofilm treatments, which is essential for clinical management of biofilm-associated infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1508016"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11790577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143187763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding <i>MexB</i> efflux pump genes: structural, molecular, and phylogenetic analysis of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>.","authors":"Muhammad Bilal Habib, Naseer Ali Shah, Afreenish Amir, Huda Ahmed Alghamdi, Muhammad Haseeb Tariq, Kiran Nisa, Mariam Ammoun","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1519737","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1519737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Emerging drug resistance in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> is of great concern in clinical settings. <i>P. aeruginosa</i> activates its efflux-pump system in order to evade the effect of antibiotics. The current investigation aims to detect <i>MexB</i> genes in <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, their structural and molecular analysis and their impact on antimicrobial susceptibility profiling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 42 clinical specimens were aseptically collected from hospitalized patients who had underlying infections related to medical implants. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-ToF) were used for the identification of isolates. The methods used in this study were antibiotic susceptibility profiling, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sanger sequencing, phylogenetic analysis, MolProbity score, Ramachandran plot analysis and multiple sequence alignment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest resistance was shown by <i>P. aeruginosa</i> against cefoperazone (67%), gentamycin and amikacin (66%) each, followed by cefotaxime (64%). The prevalence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) was 57% and 12%, respectively. The presence of an active efflux-pump system was indicated by the <i>MexB</i> genes found in most of the resistant isolates (p<0.05). Following addition of efflux pump inhibitor carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP), a significant decrease (p<0.05) in MIC was observed in resistance, that revealed the presence of active efflux pump system. Phylogenetic analysis revealed evolutionary relationships with the <i>P. aeruginosa</i> strains isolated in Switzerland, Denmark and Germany. Protein domain architecture revealed that <i>MexB</i> gene proteins were involved in particular efflux pump function. Protein sequences aligned by multiple sequence alignment revealed conserved regions and sequence variants, which suggested antibiotic translocation and evolutionary divergence. These highly conserved regions could be used for diagnostic purposes of efflux pump <i>MexB</i> genes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To avoid their spread in hospital settings, responsible authorities ought to begin rigorous initiatives in order to reduce the prevalence of multi-drug resistant, extensively drug resistant, and efflux pump carrying isolates in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1519737"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11791646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of lower respiratory microbiota in children's refractory <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> pneumonia pre- and post-COVID-19 era.","authors":"Zhimin Xi, Jinglong Chen, Libo Wang, Aizhen Lu","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1438777","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1438777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Little was known about the characteristics of low respiratory tract (LRT) microbiota of refractory <i>M. pneumoniae</i> pneumonia (RMPP) in children before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-two children diagnosed with RMPP in 2019 (Y2019 group) and 33 children diagnosed with RMPP in 2023 (Y2023 group), entered into the study. The characteristics of the clinical findings were examined, and the LRT microbiota was analyzed by metagenomic next generation sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ratio of consolidate, atelectasis, lung necrosis, and erythema multiforme in Y2023 group was significantly higher than that in Y2019 (<i>P</i><0.05). <i>Mycoplasmoides pneumoniae</i> was the top species of the LRT microbiota in both groups. The rate of macrolide resistance MP in Y2023 was significantly higher than that in Y2019 (<i>P</i><0.05), and the mutant site was all 23S rRNA A2063G. There were no significant differences in α-diversity and β-diversity of LRT microbiota between Y2019 and Y2023 group. <i>Trichoderma citrinoviride, Canine mastadenovirus A, Ralstonia pickettii, Lactococcus lactis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> were the biomarkers of LRT microbiota in children with RMPP of Y2023. The abundance of <i>Mycoplasmoides pneumoniae</i> positively correlated with the levels of D-dimer and LDH, negatively correlated with the counts of CD3⁺ T cells, CD8⁺ T cells, CD19⁺ B cells and CD16⁺CD56⁺ NK cells.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our study showed that high abundance of MP was correlated with the severity of RMPP and decrease of immune cells. <i>Trichoderma citrinoviride, Canine mastadenovirus A, Ralstonia pickettii, Lactococcus lactis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> were the biomarkers in microbiota of LRT in children with RMPP post COVID-19 era.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1438777"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11792091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding mitochondrial DNA damage and repair associated with <i>H. pylori</i> infection.","authors":"Aashirwad Shahi, Dawit Kidane","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1529441","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1529441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondrial genomic stability is critical to prevent various human inflammatory diseases. Bacterial infection significantly increases oxidative stress, driving mitochondrial genomic instability and initiating inflammatory human disease. Oxidative DNA base damage is predominantly repaired by base excision repair (BER) in the nucleus (nBER) as well as in the mitochondria (mtBER). In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of spontaneous and <i>H. pylori</i> infection-associated oxidative mtDNA damage, mtDNA replication stress, and its impact on innate immune signaling. Additionally, we discuss how mutations located on mitochondria targeting sequence (MTS) of BER genes may contribute to mtDNA genome instability and innate immune signaling activation. Overall, the review summarizes evidence to understand the dynamics of mitochondria genome and the impact of mtBER in innate immune response during <i>H. pylori</i>-associated pathological outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1529441"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11790445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lateral flow assay as radiological prognosis factor of pulmonary cryptococcosis: a single center retrospective study in China.","authors":"Jiejun Shi, Jianhua Chen, Qianjiang Ding, Guoqing Qian, Zeqin Zhang, Qifa Song","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1497082","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1497082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lateral flow assay (LFA) has demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing cryptococcosis. However, its role in predicting therapeutic efficacy for pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) remains underexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of HIV-negative patients with PC to describe the clinical profile and identify potential predictors of radiological prognosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All the 168 participants received antifungal therapy with a triazole agent. Of these, 84.5% experienced partial or complete absorption of pulmonary lesions. The results of the gamma test, chi-square trend test, and ordinal logistic regression all indicated that both baseline LFA and changes in LFA after treatment were significant predictors of imaging prognosis. The degree of radiological improvement was inversely associated with the baseline LFA positive grade(P for linear-by-linear association: 0.011, Spearman correlation coefficient = -0.17; γ= -0.368, P = 0.045). Patients with a decrease in LFA after therapy had significantly better radiological outcomes compared to those with equal or increased LFA(linear-by-linear association, P = 0.014, Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.188; γ = 0.371, P = 0.012). Additionally, favorable outcomes were more likely in patients with lesions confined to the right lung.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LFA shows potential of monitoring radiological outcomes in pulmonary cryptococcosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"14 ","pages":"1497082"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11790446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}