Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Gut microbiota dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease: interaction with intestinal barriers and microbiota-targeted treatment options.","authors":"Hongjun Xie, Siyan Yu, Mingyu Tang, Yating Xun, Qin Shen, Gaojue Wu","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1608025","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1608025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent studies have deepened our understanding on gut microbiota alterations and the interaction with intestinal barrier impairments, which play a crucial role in the etiology and pathophysiology of Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in IBD including the altered microbiota composition, decreased beneficial species and increased harmful species. The disturbed gut microbiota results in the aggravation of intestinal barrier dysfunction through regulation of antimicrobial substances in mucus layer, tight junction protein in mechanical layer and inflammatory response in immune layer. The therapeutic options targeted on the microbiota including antibiotics, probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) exhibit efficacies and limitations in the treatment of IBD. Reasonable single or combined use of these treatments can restore intestinal microecological homeostasis, which further contributes to the treatment of IBD. This review analyzes the underlying mechanisms for the interaction between microbiota alterations and gut barrier dysfunction in IBD; meanwhile, it provides new insights into the microbiota-targeted therapeutic options IBD, including the benefits, risks and limitations of antibiotic and probiotic therapies, unresolved clinical application strategies for FMT, and combination administrations of antibiotics and FMT.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1608025"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive monitoring of <i>Aspergillus</i> infections in chronic lung disease patients: a combined serology and HRCT imaging approach.","authors":"Rong Zhang, Lei Yang, Hong Fang, Qian Xie, Huan Tang, Lin Chen","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1494522","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1494522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diagnosing <i>Aspergillus</i> infections in patients with chronic pulmonary diseases is challenging, particularly in settings where invasive diagnostic tools are limited. This study explores a non-invasive diagnostic approach, combining serological tests and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) imaging, to identify patients who may need further invasive evaluation for <i>Aspergillus</i> infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included patients with chronic pulmonary diseases from regional centers who experienced acute exacerbations that did not respond to antibacterial therapy, had positive sputum cultures for <i>Aspergillus</i> species, and lacked typical invasive radiological features on HRCT. Patients were classified based on clinical data, HRCT imaging, and serological markers (IgG, IgM, galactomannan) to distinguish between <i>Aspergillus</i> colonization and clinically diagnosed active infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 2,731 patients assessed, 209 met the study criteria: 112 were identified with <i>Aspergillus</i> colonization, and 97 with clinically diagnosed <i>Aspergillus</i> infection. Patients with active infection had significantly higher <i>Aspergillus</i> -specific IgG levels (median 185.47 IU/mL vs. 59.96 IU/mL, <i>p</i><0.001) and higher galactomannan indices, especially those with invasive infection (<i>p</i><0.001). HRCT scores were strongly correlated with the risk of infection. The combination of IgG levels and HRCT scores achieved an AUC (area under the curve) of 0.9 for differentiating infection from colonization and 0.74 for distinguishing different types of <i>Aspergillus</i> infections.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study supports the use of a non-invasive diagnostic approach, combining serological testing and HRCT imaging, to identify patients with chronic lung diseases who have positive sputum cultures for <i>Aspergillus</i> and are highly suspected of active infection, such as invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, for further invasive diagnostic evaluation. This method is particularly useful in patients who experience frequent acute exacerbations and are unwilling or unable to undergo invasive diagnostic procedures, helping clinicians identify those who really require further definitive evaluation and thereby reducing unnecessary antifungal treatment.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>https://www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT06379568.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1494522"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for identifying pulmonary aspergillosis in pediatric patients.","authors":"Shangmin Yang, Yanmeng Sun, Mengyuan Wang, Huan Xu, Shifu Wang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1616773","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1616773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to identify the independent risk factors and develop a predictive model for pulmonary aspergillosis (PA) in pediatric populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study compromised 97 pediatric patients with pulmonary infections (38 PA cases and 59 non-PA cases) at Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University between January 2020 and October 2024. Multivariate binary logistic regression was used to identify PA-associated risk factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration plots, and Brier scoring were used to evaluate the diagnostic model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>8 clinical variables significantly differed between the PA and non-PA groups. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis identified six significant independent risk factors: a history of surgery (OR: 9.52; 95% CI: 1.96-46.23; <i>P</i> = 0.005), hematologic diseases (OR: 11.68; 95% CI: 0.89-153.62; <i>P</i> = 0.062), absence of fever (OR: 8.244; 95% CI: 1.84-36.932; <i>P</i> = 0.006), viral coinfection (OR: 15.99; 95% CI: 3.55-72.00; <i>P</i> < 0.001), elevated (1, 3) -β -D-glucan levels (BDG, > 61.28 pg/mL; OR: 7.38; 95% CI: 1.26-43.31; <i>P</i> = 0.027), and shorter symptom-to-admission interval (< 4.5 days; OR: 38.68; 95% CI: 5.38-277.94; <i>P</i> < 0.001) were risk factors for PA. The predictive model demonstrated excellent discrimination (AUC 0.93, 95% CI 0.88-0.98) and calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow p=0.606, R²=0.96, Brier score 0.097). metagenomic next - generation sequencing (mNGS) revealed significantly higher rates of polymicrobial infections in PA cases (86.84% vs 18.64%, p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study established and validated a high-performance predictive model incorporating six clinically accessible parameters for the diagnosis of pediatric PA.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1616773"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intranasal trivalent candidate vaccine elicits broad humoral and cellular immunity against pneumococcal pneumonia.","authors":"Fangyu Ren, Luyun Huang, Shilu Luo, Changjin Liu, Xianlian Chen, Xin Yao, Qiqi Linghu, Huaqin Hu, Xiaoyu Huang, Yuanqin Hu, Jian Huang, Xun Min","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1563661","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1563661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> is an important pathogen causing public health problems worldwide. Existing pneumococcal vaccines provide protection against only a few of the more than 100 pneumococcal serotypes, highlighting the urgent need for new preventive strategies. Pneumococcal protein vaccines have attracted considerable attention owing to their favorable immunogenicity and antigen conservation, and have demonstrated protective potential against non-serotype-dependent infections. Mice immunized with a trivalent vaccine targeting protein PepN, PepO, and SPD_1609 elicited a robust humoral immune response, as well as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cellular immune responses. The antiserum derived from the trivalent vaccine significantly inhibited <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> adhesion to A549 cells, reduced pneumococcal colonization in the nasopharynx, and improved lung tissue damage and inflammatory responses compared to the monovalent or bivalent vaccine group. In terms of <i>in vivo</i> protection, the trivalent vaccine significantly increased the survival rate of infected mice. The findings suggest that the trivalent vaccine targeting PepN, PepO, and SPD_1609 is a promising multivalent vaccine candidate against <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1563661"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota and metabolite features in NSCLC nude mouse models of subcutaneous tumor and leptomeningeal metastasis: a microbiome-metabolome combined analysis.","authors":"Yang Du, Chengjuan Fan, Xiaowei Song, Chong Teng, Zhichao Zhang, Jing Zhang, Tianjiao Zhao, Tao Xin","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1616695","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1616695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer are both elevated. In lung cancer, leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a serious consequence. Patients suffering from LM have severe symptoms and a short survival time. Numerous studies have shown a connection between the prognosis of lung cancer and the composition of the gut microbiota. However, Current knowledge regarding the gut microbiota and metabolites in lung cancer patients with LM, as well as their potential impacts on LM pathogenesis, remains remarkably limited.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We established a mouse model of LM from lung cancer and a subcutaneous metastatic model, using wild-type mice as controls. Each of the three groups above contained six mice. We examined the fecal microbiota and metabolites of three groups of mice utilizing 16S rRNA gene sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technologies. Conducting correlation analysis on microbiome and metabolome data concurrently to identify significant relationships.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Mice with LM had a different gut microbiota and metabolite composition than wild-type and subcutaneous metastatic mice; the LM group had a higher ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. Differential metabolites are primarily seen in pathways such as Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, Tryptophan metabolism; Association analysis reveals that some changes in gut microbiota are linked to metabolites, such as a positive association between Eubacteria and N-Acetylsorotonin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Some microbiota and metabolites may act as biomarkers for LM, controlling gut microbiota and metabolites or giving a novel option for research into lung cancer leptomeningeal metastases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1616695"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifaceted roles of <i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> in contributing to polybiofilm infections in early childhood caries.","authors":"Anto Benignus Francis, Rajendra Prasad Settem, Moghanram Jeyamoorthy, Venkata Harshith Nuthangi, Ashu Sharma, Satish Kumar Rajasekharan","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1625103","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1625103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This succinct article addresses the multifaceted interactions between the fungal organism <i>Candida albicans</i> and the Gram-positive bacterium <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> in the development of oral biofilms and pathobiology of oral diseases. <i>S. mutans</i> is considered to be a major pathogen in the development of dental caries. It is often found to interact with <i>C. albicans</i> in oral infection settings. The interaction of these organisms is often mediated via the binding of Glucosyltransferase (GtfB) enzyme secreted by <i>S. mutans</i> to <i>C. albicans</i> surface proteins Als1 and Hwp1. During these interactions, both <i>C. albicans</i> and <i>S. mutans</i> exhibit increased gene regulatory activity, leading to the modulation of virulence attributes and adaptation to environmental changes. This results in the strong attachment of the species to tooth surfaces and increased resistance of the mixed species biofilms to external factors. Mechanistically, intercellular communication between these species in mixed biofilms through quorum sensing and production of exoenzymes such as glucosyltransferases account for the synergy and modulation of their virulence attributes. Specifically, these mixed-species biofilms exhibit increased acid production and enhanced resistance to antimicrobial agents. Understanding these complex interkingdom pattern of interactions is essential to develop efficient therapeutic approaches against biofilm-associated oral infections. The review also highlights probiotic strategies to interfere with these interkingdom interactions to combat oral diseases like early childhood caries (ECC).</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1625103"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The alternations of gut microbiota in diabetic kidney disease: insights from a triple comparative cohort.","authors":"Mengqi Wu, Xin Zhou, Saiping Chen, Yuqing Wang, Bin Lu, Aiping Zhang, Yanqin Zhu, Min Huang, Jiarui Wang, Junyi Liu, Fenggui Zhu, Hong Liu, Riyang Lin","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1606700","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1606700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) exhibits heterogeneous progression, implicating factors beyond hyperglycemia, such as gut microbiota dysbiosis. However, microbial distinctions among biopsy-confirmed pure DKD, DKD with non-diabetic renal disease (DKD+NDRD), and long-term diabetes without nephropathy (DM) remain unclear. This study aimed to identify gut microbial and functional biomarkers differentiating these groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 40 biopsy-confirmed participants classified into DKD (n=26), DM (n=8), and DKD+NDRD (n=6) groups. Gut microbiota was profiled using 16S rRNA sequencing. Microbial diversity, composition, and functional prediction (PICRUSt2 analysis) were compared among groups. Biomarkers were identified using LEfSe analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences in alpha-diversity (Chao1, Shannon indices) or beta-diversity (PCoA/PCA) were observed among groups. Taxonomic analysis revealed distinct microbial signatures: DKD patients showed enrichment of Olsenella and reduced Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (a short-chain fatty acid producer), while DM patients exhibited higher Roseburia and Flavonifractor. The DKD+NDRD group was uniquely enriched in Prevotella_9. Functional prediction highlighted elevated pyruvate metabolism and bacterial toxin pathways in DKD, contrasting with enhanced linoleic acid metabolism in DM and attenuated endotoxin-related pathways in DKD+NDRD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study delineates gut microbiota profiles and functional shifts across DKD, DM, and DKD+NDRD. Key taxa (Olsenella, Prevotella_9) and metabolic pathways (pyruvate, toxin production) may serve as biomarkers for DKD progression and differential diagnosis. The findings underscore the gut-kidney axis's role in DKD pathogenesis and suggest microbiota-targeted interventions for precision management. Further validation in larger cohorts is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1606700"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The boundaries between PML and PML-IRIS: difficult to define, pathology may predict.","authors":"Jiamin Chen, Yanni Du, Lei Sun, Yuyang Dai, Liang Zhang, Xinghuan Ding, Ting Liu, Kun Yang, Xiaoyi Han, Man Li, Xingang Zhou","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1607428","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1607428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), caused by John Cunningham (JC) virus reactivation, represents a critical neurological complication in AIDS-related immunosuppression. This single-center study conducted a clinicopathological analysis of 19 confirmed PML cases in an AIDS cohort (16 biopsy; 3 surgical specimens), employing comprehensive neuropathological evaluation. Immunohistochemical testing included SV40, NF, NeuN, P53, Ki-67, GFAP, Oligo-2, and CD68. Myelin architecture was evaluated through Luxol fast blue staining, complemented by molecular diagnostics incorporating quantitative JC viral load PCR and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Notably, 63.2% (12/19) of them had blood CD4+ T-cell counts < 200 cells/μl, and 36.8% (7/19) had ≥ 200 cells/μl. 52.9% (9/17) of the patients had elevated CSF protein, 5.3% (1/19) had decreased CSF glucose. Statistical analysis revealed significant correlations between mass effect and both blood CD4+ T-cell counts (<i>P</i> = 0.022) and CSF protein levels (<i>P</i> < 0.001). It also demonstrated significant positive correlations between the duration of HIV diagnosis and the degree of inflammatory infiltration (<i>P</i> = 0.038) and perivascular inflammatory infiltration (<i>P</i> = 0.005), as well as plasma cell infiltration (<i>P</i> = 0.011). The degree of inflammatory infiltration was significantly positively correlated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) (<i>P</i> = 0.036). The degree of inflammatory infiltration, the presence of plasma cells, and perivascular lymphocytic cuffing were significantly associated with contrast enhancement on imaging studies (<i>P</i> = 0.044, <i>P</i> = 0.011, and <i>P</i> = 0.018, respectively). These cases display characteristics that deviate from the classic PML previously reported, exhibiting a tendency towards MRI enhancement and histologically indicating a more severe inflammatory response, especially for patients following ART treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that PML and PML-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) represent a continuous pathological spectrum, potentially bridged by an intermediate stage with distinct clinicopathological features. This transitional phase may constitute a critical link in the continuum between classic PML and fully developed PML-IRIS. Importantly, it implicates synergistic mechanisms of viral oncogenesis and immune reconstitution, which could redefine therapeutic strategies for this emerging PML variant.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1607428"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Targeted next-generation sequencing for pathogen and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) identification and profiling.","authors":"Sandip Patil, Feiqiu Wen, Alfizah Hanafiah, Prakash M Halami","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1633941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1633941","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1633941"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atelectasis predicts poor prognosis in pediatric macrolides-unresponsive <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> pneumonia with A2063/2064G mutations treated with azithromycin.","authors":"Jie Cheng, Ya Liu, Guangli Zhang, Yuanyuan Li, Xiaoyin Tian, Liping Tan, Zhengxiu Luo","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1604102","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2025.1604102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to investigate prognostic indicators for pediatric macrolides-unresponsive <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> pneumonia (MUMPP) cases with A2063/2064G mutations with azithromycin therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective observational cohort study conducted at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Children with macrolide-resistant mutations (A2063/2064G) diagnosed as MUMPP who received only anti-<i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> (MP) treatment with azithromycin were retrospectively enrolled. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify potential risk factors for predicting short-term (refractory <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> pneumonia [RMPP]) and long-term (bronchiolitis obliterans [BO] or bronchiectasis) adverse prognosis. The results were visualized using forest plots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study retrospectively included 82 children with MUMPP, and all received only azithromycin for anti-MP treatment. The incidence of pulmonary consolidation, pleural effusion, and atelectasis was 80.49% (66/82), 34.15% (28/82), and 24.39% (20/82), respectively. 29.27% (24/82) of patients diagnosed with RMPP, and 14.63% (12/82) of patients diagnosed with bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) or bronchiectasis diagnosed within one year after discharge. Logistic analysis showed that atelectasis was independently associated with short-term (RMPP) and long-term (BO or bronchiectasis) adverse prognosis (odds ratio [OR] 4.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-16.00, P = 0.043; OR 5.62, 95% CI 1.04-32.80, P = 0.045; respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Atelectasis predicts a poor prognosis for children with A2063/2064G MUMPP. The occurrence of atelectasis may indicate an increased risk of failure of current azithromycin treatment. Combined with the results of drug-resistant mutations, it is recommended to strengthen disease monitoring and individualized intervention evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":"15 ","pages":"1604102"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}