Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Editorial: Effects of dietary nutrients on intestinal microbiome: insights into gastrointestinal diseases in animals.","authors":"Jing Gao, Kang Xu, Jie Yin, Gabriele Brecchia","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1466495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1466495","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11471727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142462078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Rising stars in fungal pathogenesis: 2023.","authors":"Brian L Wickes, Adriana Marcela Celis Ramírez, Michal A Olszewski, Yong-Sun Bahn","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1484527","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1484527","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11471627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142462079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of natural products on host cell autophagy induced by Influenza A virus infection.","authors":"Xiaopan Liu, Qingsen Wang","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1460604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1460604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Influenza A virus (IAV) can cause seasonal epidemics and global pandemics, posing serious threats to public health, making a deeper understanding of its biological characteristics and effective countermeasure strategies essential. Autophagy not only maintains cellular homeostasis but also plays an important role in host defense against IAV infection. However, the relationship between IAV and autophagy is complex, and effective antiviral drugs are not yet available. Natural products have shown excellent potential in disease control due to their diversity and multi-targeting. This review focuses on the relationship between IAV and autophagy and discusses the potential of targeting autophagic pathways for the development of new antiviral therapies. Particularly, the use of plant extracts as autophagy modulators has garnered attention due to their non-toxic nature and cost-effectiveness, which provides strong support for the development of future antiviral drugs that can help to inhibit viral infections and slow down disease progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11471636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142462080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Group B <i>Streptococcus</i> vaginal colonisation throughout pregnancy is associated with decreased <i>Lactobacillus crispatus</i> and increased <i>Lactobacillus iners</i> abundance in the vaginal microbial community.","authors":"Toby I Maidment, Elise S Pelzer, Danielle J Borg, Eddie Cheung, Jake Begun, Marloes Dekker Nitert, Kym M Rae, Vicki L Clifton, Alison J Carey","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1435745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1435745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Group B <i>Streptococcus</i> (GBS) asymptomatically colonises the vagina of up to 40% of pregnant women and can transmit to neonates during birth, causing neonatal pneumonia, sepsis, meningitis, and significant mortality. Vaginal GBS colonisation can be attributed to a range of host and bacterial factors, which may include the composition of the vaginal microbial community. There are few studies that have examined the vaginal community composition in relation to GBS colonisation throughout pregnancy. Here, we performed 16S rRNA sequencing (V3-V4) on vaginal swabs from women at 24- and 36-weeks' gestation, who were GBS culture-negative or GBS culture-positive at either 24 weeks or 36 weeks' gestation or at both timepoints. Vaginal swabs from 93 women were analysed; 46 women were culture-negative, 11 women GBS culture-positive at 24 weeks only, 21 women GBS culture-positive at 36 weeks only and 15 women GBS culture-positive at both timepoints on <i>Brilliance</i> GBS agar. V3-V4 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing demonstrated that in women that were GBS culture-positive at 36 weeks gestation only, <i>G. vaginalis</i> was significantly more abundant at 24-weeks' gestation despite a lack of significant changes in community richness between the 24- and 36-week samples. The vaginal microbial communities of women persistently colonised with GBS, had a significantly higher abundance of <i>Lactobacillus iners</i>, compared to other groups where <i>L. crispatus, L. gasseri</i> or <i>L. jensenii</i> were dominant. We have characterised the vaginal microbial community composition during pregnancy in relation to GBS colonisation status, in a longitudinal study for the first time. The most interesting finding was that in women that were persistently colonised with GBS throughout pregnancy, there was a significant increase in <i>L. iners</i> and significant reduction in <i>L. crispatus</i> abundance. Given the lack of detail of the role that the vaginal microbial community plays in GBS colonisation in the literature, it is imperative that the relationship between <i>L. iners</i> and GBS in this unique environmental niche is further investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11471736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142462097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxoplasma-induced behavior changes - is microbial dysbiosis the missing link?","authors":"Emese Prandovszky, Emily G Severance, Victor W Splan, Hua Liu, Jianchun Xiao, Robert H Yolken","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1415079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1415079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> (<i>T. gondii)</i> is one of the most successful intracellular protozoa in that it can infect the majority of mammalian cell types during the acute phase of infection. Furthermore, it is able to establish a chronic infection for the host's entire lifespan by developing an encysted parasite form, primarily in the muscles and brain of the host, to avoid the host immune system. The infection affects one third of the world population and poses an increased risk for people with a suppressed immune system. Despite the dormant characteristics of chronic <i>T. gondii</i> infection, there is much evidence suggesting that this infection leads to specific behavior changes in both humans and rodents. Although numerous hypotheses have been put forth, the exact mechanisms underlying these behavior changes have yet to be understood. In recent years, several studies revealed a strong connection between the gut microbiome and the different organ systems that are affected in <i>T. gondii</i> infection. While it is widely studied and accepted that acute <i>T. gondii</i> infection can lead to a dramatic disruption of the host's normal, well-balanced microbial ecosystem (microbial dysbiosis), changes in the gut microbiome during the chronic stage of infection has not been well characterized. This review is intended to briefly inspect the different hypotheses that attempt to explain the behavior changes during <i>T. gondii</i> infection. Furthermore, this review proposes to consider the potential link between gut microbial dysbiosis, and behavior changes in <i>T. gondii</i> infection as a novel way to describe the underlying mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11471644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142462112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine on the treatment of diarrhea by regulating intestinal microbiota and its metabolites based on renal-intestinal axis.","authors":"Tong Zhou, Yifan Zhang, Zhaoyuan Li, Chunfeng Lu, Hong Zhao","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1483550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1483550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intestinal microbiota and its metabolites are involved in many physiological processes of the human body and play a vital role in maintaining human health. The occurrence of kidney disease can cause intestinal microbiota imbalance, resulting in diarrhea. The change of intestinal microbiota and its metabolites content can aggravate renal function injury, which has a bidirectional regulating effect. The theory of renal-intestinal axis further clarified that the impaired renal function is related to the imbalance of intestinal microorganisms, and the impaired intestinal barrier is related to the accumulation of toxin products. Because of its unique therapeutic advantages, Traditional Chinese Medicine can treat diarrhea by enhancing the growth of beneficial bacteria, inhibiting pathogenic bacteria and immune regulation, and slow down the continuous deterioration of kidney disease. This paper focuses on the relationship between intestinal microbiota and its metabolites and diarrhea, the influence of Traditional Chinese Medicine on intestinal microbiota in the treatment of diarrhea, and the role of intestinal microbiota and its metabolites in the renal-intestinal axis. It provides a theoretical basis for Traditional Chinese Medicine to regulate intestinal microbiota and its metabolites based on the renal-intestinal axis theory to treat nephrology-induced diarrhea, and also provides a new idea and method for Traitional Chinese Medicine to treat nephrology-induced diarrhea.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11466940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142462106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human endogenous retroviruses and exogenous viral infections.","authors":"Chenxuan Bao, Qing Gao, Huayuan Xiang, Yuxuan Shen, Qiaoqiao Chen, Qianqian Gao, Yuanfei Cao, Mengyu Zhang, Wenyuan He, Lingxiang Mao","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1439292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1439292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human genome harbors many endogenous retroviral elements, known as human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), which have been integrated into the genome during evolution due to infections by exogenous retroviruses. Accounting for up to 8% of the human genome, HERVs are tightly regulated by the host and are implicated in various physiological and pathological processes. Aberrant expression of HERVs has been observed in numerous studies on exogenous viral infections. In this review, we focus on elucidating the potential roles of HERVs during various exogenous viral infections and further discuss their implications in antiviral immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11466896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142462099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parallel evolution of fluconazole resistance and tolerance in <i>Candida glabrata</i>.","authors":"Lijun Zheng, Yi Xu, Chen Wang, Yubo Dong, Liangsheng Guo","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1456907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1456907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>With the growing population of immunocompromised individuals, opportunistic fungal pathogens pose a global health threat. <i>Candida</i> species, particularly <i>C. albicans</i> and non-albicans <i>Candida</i> species such as <i>C. glabrata</i>, are the most prevalent pathogenic fungi. Azoles, especially fluconazole, are widely used therapeutic options.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates how <i>C. glabrata</i> adapts to fluconazole, with a focus on understanding the factors regulating fluconazole tolerance and its relationship to resistance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study compared the factors regulating fluconazole tolerance between <i>C. albicans</i> and <i>C. glabrata</i>. We analyzed the impact of temperature on fluconazole tolerance, and requirement of calcineurin and Hsp90 for maintenance of fluconazole tolerance. We isolated colonies from edge, inside and outside of inhibition zone in disk diffusion assays. And we exposed <i>C. glabrata</i> strain to high concentrations of fluconazole and investigated the mutants for development of fluconazole resistance and tolerance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found temperature modulated tolerance in the opposite way in <i>C. albicans</i> strain YJB-T1891 and <i>C. glabrata</i> strain CG4. Calcineurin and Hsp90 were required for maintenance of fluconazole tolerance in both species. Colonies from inside and outside of inhibition zones did not exhibited mutated phenotype, but colonies isolated from edge of inhibition zone exhibited diverse phenotype changes. Moreover, we discovered that high concentrations (16-128 μg/mL) of fluconazole induce the simultaneous but parallel development of tolerance and resistance in <i>C. glabrata</i>, unlike the sole development of tolerance in <i>C. albicans</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights that while tolerance to fluconazole is a common response in <i>Candida</i> species, the specific molecular mechanisms and evolutionary pathways that lead to this response vary between species. Our findings emphasize the importance of understanding the regulation of fluconazole tolerance in different <i>Candida</i> species to develop effective therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11466938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142462104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knockdown of <i>Thitarodes</i> host genes influences dimorphic transition of <i>Ophiocordyceps sinensis</i> in the host hemolymph.","authors":"Tanqi Sun, Yongling Jin, Zhongchen Rao, Wang Liyan, Rui Tang, Khalid Muhammad Zaryab, Mingyan Li, Zhenhao Li, Ying Wang, Jing Xu, Richou Han, Li Cao","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1451628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1451628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Chinese cordyceps, a unique parasitic complex of <i>Thitarodes</i>/<i>Hepialus</i> ghost moths and <i>Ophiocordyceps sinensis</i> fungus in the Tibetan Plateau, is a highly valuable biological resource for medicine and health foods in Asian countries. Efficient system for artificial cultivation of Chinese cordyceps relies on understanding the gene functions involved in the induction of growing blastospores into hyphae in the larval hemolymph of insect host, during <i>O</i>. <i>sinensis</i> infection. Transcriptome analysis and ribonucleic acid interference (RNA interference) method were employed to identify the key differentially expressed genes and to demonstrate their functions in <i>Thitarodes xiaojinensis</i>. Key larval genes critical for <i>O</i>. <i>sinensis</i> blastospore development or filamentation were identified. Nine of the 20 top upregulated genes encoded cuticles proteins, indicating that these proteins highly activated when the larval hemolymph was full of blastospores. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown of five larval genes such as <i>Flightin</i>, <i>larval cuticle protein LCP-30</i>, <i>26-hydroxylase</i> (<i>CYP18A1</i>), <i>cuticle protein 18</i>.<i>6</i>, <i>isoform B</i>, and <i>probable chitinase 3</i> significantly stimulated the dimorphic transition from blastospores to prehyphae in <i>O</i>. <i>sinensis</i> in the larval hemolymph after 120 h after injection. The expressions of these genes determined by quantitative real-time PCR were suppressed in various levels from 38.64% to 91.54%, compared to the controls. These results demonstrated that injection of the siRNAs of key upregulated genes into the larval hemolymph containing high load of blastospores caused the gene silence in <i>T</i>. <i>xiaojinensis</i> larvae and induced the fungal transition from blastospores to prehyphae, providing novel knowledge on the regulation of <i>O</i>. <i>sinensis</i> fungal dimorphism by <i>Thitarodes</i> host and cues for further study of <i>Thitarodes</i> biology and commercial cultivation of Chinese cordyceps.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11466941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142462101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cellular SUMO-specific proteases regulate HAdV-C5 E1B-55K SUMOylation and virus-induced cell transformation.","authors":"Wing-Hang Ip, Marie Fiedler, Britta Gornott, Malte Morische, Luca D Bertzbach, Thomas Dobner","doi":"10.3389/fcimb.2024.1484241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1484241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Various viral proteins are post-translationally modified by SUMO-conjugation during the human adenovirus (HAdV) replication cycle. This modification leads to diverse consequences for target proteins as it influences their intracellular localization or cell transformation capabilities. SUMOylated HAdV proteins include the multifunctional oncoprotein E1B-55K. Our previous research, along with that of others, has demonstrated a substantial influence of yet another adenoviral oncoprotein, E4orf6, on E1B-55K SUMOylation levels. Protein SUMOylation can be reversed by cellular sentrin/SUMO-specific proteases (SENPs). In this study, we investigated the interaction of E1B-55K with cellular SENPs to understand deSUMOylation activities and their consequences for cell transformation mediated by this adenoviral oncoprotein. We show that E1B-55K interacts with and is deSUMOylated by SENP 1, independently of E4orf6. Consistent with these results, we found that SENP 1 prevents E1A/E1B-dependent focus formation in rodent cells. We anticipate these findings to be the groundwork for future studies on adenovirus-host interactions, the mechanisms that underlie E1B-55K SUMOylation, as well as the role of this major adenoviral oncoprotein in HAdV-mediated cell transformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12458,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11466889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142462060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}