IF 6.8 1区工程技术

Friction Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.26599/frict.2025.9441186

Zihang Weng, Yuchuan Du, Chenglong Liu, Zhen Leng, Difei Wu, Yishun Li

{"title":"Vehicle skidding risk evaluation based on the lateral inhomogeneous distribution of pavement friction coefficients","authors":"Zihang Weng, Yuchuan Du, Chenglong Liu, Zhen Leng, Difei Wu, Yishun Li","doi":"10.26599/frict.2025.9441186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2025.9441186","url":null,"abstract":"Current methods for assessing pavement skid resistance are based on spot or line sampling, neglecting the lateral skidding risk of vehicles derived from the uneven distribution of pavement friction coefficients. Through mechanical analysis, this study illustrates that vehicles are susceptible to lateral instability when the road surface exhibits unequal friction coefficients between the left and right wheel tracks. Based on this finding, vehicle dynamics simulations are conducted to evaluate longitudinal and lateral braking distances under varying speeds and friction coefficient distributions. It was found that when the friction coefficients are below 0.5, the risk is dominated by the longitudinal braking distance. Conversely, when there is a significant disparity in friction coefficients between the left and right wheel tracks (exceeding 0.2), the risk is predominantly associated with lateral skidding. Sensitivity analysis further examined the combined effects of friction disparities and driving speed, revealing that when speed exceeds 80 km/h, lateral skidding risk induced by uneven friction becomes the dominant factor over longitudinal braking risk. A skidding risk assessment method is then proposed, incorporating simulation results and braking distance thresholds. Furthermore, a comprehensive evaluation framework is established, encompassing sampling strategies, paired friction coefficient analysis for left and right wheel tracks, and risk quantification. The key contribution of this study lies in highlighting the critical yet often neglected impact of lateral friction coefficient variation on vehicle skid safety. By simulating its risk implications, this research proposes a novel overall evaluation framework for pavement skid resistance, leveraging field-collected data. The proposed approach expands the scope of traditional skid resistance assessment, offering a more holistic perspective for improving road safety.","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145247553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Slurry injection schemes based on flow field distribution during chemical mechanical polishing process 化学机械抛光过程中基于流场分布的浆液注入方案

IF 6.8 1区工程技术

Friction Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.26599/frict.2025.9441185

Lifei Zhang, Nanhao Zhao, Hui Ci, Dewen Zhao, Xinchun Lu

{"title":"Slurry injection schemes based on flow field distribution during chemical mechanical polishing process","authors":"Lifei Zhang, Nanhao Zhao, Hui Ci, Dewen Zhao, Xinchun Lu","doi":"10.26599/frict.2025.9441185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2025.9441185","url":null,"abstract":"In chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), the injection position of the polishing slurry significantly affects the interfacial hydrodynamics, abrasive transport, removal efficiency, and overall planarization. This study systematically investigates the influence mechanism of slurry injection position in the CMP process of 12-inch wafers, using a multiphase flow–discrete phase coupling CFD model combined with User-Defined Function (UDF) to constrain abrasives. The results show that the injection position directly determines the distribution of slurry between the wafer and the polishing pad. At 45 mm from the pad center, the slurry effectively fills the gap, achieving the highest material removal rate (MRR). At 105 mm, the slurry distributes most uniformly beneath the wafer, resulting in optimal planarization. However, at 165 mm, the slurry flow extends beyond the wafer center, causing abrasive agglomeration and localized over-polishing, which significantly degrades surface uniformity. Dye visualization and CMP experiments with 12-inch copper wafers validate the accuracy of the model. The findings suggest that the slurry injection position should balance removal rate and planarization to optimize the slurry distribution system, providing a theoretical basis for future optimization efforts.","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145188959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Macroscale superlubrication induced by synergistic of black phosphorus and acid molecules at ultrahigh contact pressure 黑磷与酸分子在超高接触压力下协同作用诱导的宏观超润滑

IF 6.8 1区工程技术

Friction Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.26599/frict.2025.9441184

Shaowen Dong, Rui Zhang, Xiaoyang Ma, Yongfeng Yang, ChunJuan Cui, Wei Wang, Jinjin Li

{"title":"Macroscale superlubrication induced by synergistic of black phosphorus and acid molecules at ultrahigh contact pressure","authors":"Shaowen Dong, Rui Zhang, Xiaoyang Ma, Yongfeng Yang, ChunJuan Cui, Wei Wang, Jinjin Li","doi":"10.26599/frict.2025.9441184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2025.9441184","url":null,"abstract":"Black phosphorus (BP) has been extensively utilized as a lubricant additive owing to its unique layered structure and extreme pressure anti-wear properties. By introducing black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets into Diethylenetriaminepenta (methylenephosphonic) acid (DTPMPA)/ Ethylene glycol (EG) mixture solution as additives (DTPMPA/EG-BP), the macroscopic superlubrication state on Si₃N₄/sapphire friction pair was attained at a high contact pressure of 1.83 GPa, with the coefficient of friction (COF) of 0.0067. The wear rate of DTPMPA/EG-BP (3.14×10-9 mm³×N-1×m-1) exhibited a 92% reduction when compared to pure EG (3.92×10-8 mm³×N-1×m-1). It was noteworthy that the BP nanosheets adsorbed on the wear surface and meanwhile the molecular layer formed by DTPMPA/EG covered the BP surface, demonstrating that the shear interface shifted from the Si3N4/Sapphire interface to the BP nanolayer/molecular layer interface. This interfacial transition avoided direct contact between the friction pairs and provided extremely low shear strength, resulting in ultralow COF. Therefore, the synergistic interaction between the BP nanosheets and the acid solution exerted a predominant influence in achieving superlubrication under extremely high contact pressures on the macroscopic scale. This research proposed a novel strategy to realize liquid superlubrication under high-pressure conditions and by leveraging the synergistic cooperation between 2D materials and acid molecules, it expedited the application of liquid superlubrication in industry.","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integral-cage based triboelectric assembly for accurate skidding and instability monitoring and fluid-drag torque prediction of ball bearings 基于集成保持架的摩擦电组件，用于精确的滑动和不稳定监测以及球轴承的流体拖动扭矩预测

IF 6.8 1区工程技术

Friction Pub Date : 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.26599/frict.2025.9441183

Shuai Gao, Jintao Xiao, Song Wang, Jian Hu, Shuai Li, Huayan Pu, Jun Luo, Qinkai Han

{"title":"Integral-cage based triboelectric assembly for accurate skidding and instability monitoring and fluid-drag torque prediction of ball bearings","authors":"Shuai Gao, Jintao Xiao, Song Wang, Jian Hu, Shuai Li, Huayan Pu, Jun Luo, Qinkai Han","doi":"10.26599/frict.2025.9441183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2025.9441183","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate monitoring of cage motion and skidding behavior is critical for ensuring the reliability of ball bearings in high-speed applications. However, existing methods are hindered by structural constraints and limitations in fluid drag modeling. This study proposes an Integral Cage-based Triboelectric Assembly (IC-TEA) for real-time, high-precision monitoring of cage skidding ratio, rotational stability, and qualitative bearing temperature rise. Experimental tests show that IC-TEA quantitatively characterizes transient cage speed fluctuations and dynamics under varying loads, rotational speeds, and oil pressures. Results reveal a non-monotonic relationship between skidding ratio and axial load: skidding peaks with no load, over-skids at intermediate loads, and minimizes under heavy loads. Thermal imaging confirms the IC-TEA output negatively correlates with lubricant temperature (26.1% decrease for 9.2 °C rise), verifying its sensitivity to both skidding and temperature. A novel instability indicator quantifies significant cage stability deterioration during over-skidding. Leveraging IC-TEA kinematics as boundary conditions, a FLUENT-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model predicts lubrication states and fluid drag torque. This model reveals that traditional theoretical cage speed inputs overestimate drag torque by 33.75% in skidding and underestimate it by 33.37% during over-skidding. This integrated sensor-model framework provides unprecedented accuracy in predicting lubrication effects on bearing dynamics, enabling optimized skidding mitigation strategies for high-speed applications.","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145183243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research progress on the tribological properties of self-lubricating fabric liners 自润滑织物衬垫摩擦学性能的研究进展

IF 6.8 1区工程技术

Friction Pub Date : 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.26599/frict.2025.9441182

Junya Yuan, Xinyu Chu, Zhaozhu Zhang, Mingming Yang, Peilong Li, Weimin Liu

{"title":"Research progress on the tribological properties of self-lubricating fabric liners","authors":"Junya Yuan, Xinyu Chu, Zhaozhu Zhang, Mingming Yang, Peilong Li, Weimin Liu","doi":"10.26599/frict.2025.9441182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2025.9441182","url":null,"abstract":"Self-lubricating fabric liners are the core functional materials of self-lubricating joint bearings, which have garnered significant attention in the field of high-tech equipment lubrication due to their excellent characteristics, such as impact resistance, corrosion resistance, and high load-bearing capacity. This review summarizes recent progress in tribological research on self-lubricating fabric composites, covering external parameters, woven structure, reinforced fibers, resin matrix design, and filler/interface modification. The correlation between the dynamic response of the friction interface (friction coefficient, wear rate) and the macroscopic mechanical behavior (load-carrying capacity, fatigue resistance) in composites is systematically revealed through cross-scale analysis. Furthermore, the synergistic effects of multi-scale factors on the tribological and mechanical properties of liner materials are elucidated. This provides a theoretical basis and technical guidance for developing high-performance self-lubricating fabric liners with high wear resistance and low friction fluctuation, effectively improving the efficiency of engineering applications of such materials under extreme load, temperature, and medium conditions.","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145183116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A self-healing bio-lubricating hydrogel coating synergistically enhanced with ZIF-8 nanoparticles, exhibiting corrosion resistance, antibacterial properties, and wear resistance 一种与ZIF-8纳米粒子协同增强的自修复生物润滑水凝胶涂层，具有耐腐蚀、抗菌和耐磨性

IF 6.8 1区工程技术

Friction Pub Date : 2025-09-28 DOI: 10.26599/frict.2025.9441181

Yanan Li, Qianqian Wang, Rujiang Wang, Xiaozheng Hou, Sheng Han, Xin Zhao, Chenchen Wang

引用次数: 0

Improving the superelastic wear resistance of laser powder bed fusing (LPBF) Ni-rich NiTi alloys by mechanical training 通过机械训练提高激光粉末床熔接（LPBF）富镍NiTi合金的超弹性耐磨性

IF 6.8 1区工程技术

Friction Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.26599/frict.2025.9441064

Qingquan Zhang, Weikang Sun, Yuting Liu, Zhenglei Yu, Shijie Hao, Lishan Cui, Luquan Ren, Zhihui Zhang

{"title":"Improving the superelastic wear resistance of laser powder bed fusing (LPBF) Ni-rich NiTi alloys by mechanical training","authors":"Qingquan Zhang, Weikang Sun, Yuting Liu, Zhenglei Yu, Shijie Hao, Lishan Cui, Luquan Ren, Zhihui Zhang","doi":"10.26599/frict.2025.9441064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2025.9441064","url":null,"abstract":" Superelastic NiTi alloys produced through laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) hold great promise in advancing wear-resistant transmission devices for aerospace and related applications. However, limited research on their wear behavior and strategies for enhancing wear resistance raises concerns about their future application prospects. In this study, a straightforward yet highly effective pre-strain treatment method is introduced, resulting in a nearly twofold improvement in the wear resistance of LPBF-fabricated NiTi alloys. This method prunes microstructure characteristics, influences the martensitic transformation process that improves cyclic compression superelasticity and transforms the distribution characteristics of adhesion stress acting on the indenter during wear processes, thereby effectively enhancing wear resistance. Additionally, the present study proposes an analytical model that establishes a link between superelastic metal cyclic compression characteristics and wear behaviors, providing insight into the wear characteristics, especially for adhesive wear patterns of superelastic metals including LPBF-fabricated NiTi alloys through analysis of cyclic compression curve. This research contributes to the fundamental understanding of wear resistance mechanisms in superelastic engineering materials and opens avenues for further optimization in related applications. ","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145068168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A review on tribology of carbon coatings on rubber 橡胶表面碳涂层摩擦学研究进展

IF 6.8 1区工程技术

Friction Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.26599/frict.2025.9441176

Weiye Li, Li Chen, Bin Zhang

{"title":"A review on tribology of carbon coatings on rubber","authors":"Weiye Li, Li Chen, Bin Zhang","doi":"10.26599/frict.2025.9441176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2025.9441176","url":null,"abstract":"Rubber is widely used as a crucial sealing material in aerospace, petrochemical, and automotive industries to prevent contaminants from entering enclosures and lubricants from leaking. However, severe wear and friction occur during sliding motion, which are major causes of seal failure and significantly impact the safety and service life of equipment. To enhance the wear resistance of rubber surfaces, diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings have been extensively studied due to their low friction coefficient, high hardness, excellent wear resistance, and chemical inertness. The hardness, elasticity, and adhesion of the coating can be effectively controlled by adjusting deposition parameters. This allows the film to accommodate the deformation of the soft rubber substrate, preventing delamination while avoiding thermal degradation or damage to the rubber. Additionally, the chemical composition of carbon-based films, primarily consisting of carbon and hydrogen, exhibits good compatibility with rubber, ensuring strong interfacial adhesion.\u0000In this paper, research progress on the tribological properties of carbon-based films for rubber surface modification over the past two decades is reviewed. In contrast to previous reviews that primarily focused on general applications and fundamental properties of DLC coatings, this work delves into the distinctive advantages of DLC coatings on rubber surfaces under various deposition conditions. It explores the underlying mechanisms for friction reduction and wear resistance enhancement, while also identifying critical research gaps and proposing future directions for the field.","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145043004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Journal bearing modification for wind power gearbox based on comprehensive thermo-elastohydrodynamic lubrication and wear coupling 基于热弹流综合润滑与磨损耦合的风电齿轮箱滑动轴承改造

IF 6.8 1区工程技术

Friction Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.26599/frict.2025.9441178

Yang Hu, Zheng Wei

{"title":"Journal bearing modification for wind power gearbox based on comprehensive thermo-elastohydrodynamic lubrication and wear coupling","authors":"Yang Hu, Zheng Wei","doi":"10.26599/frict.2025.9441178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2025.9441178","url":null,"abstract":"Planetary gear journal bearings (PGJBs) are critical components of wind turbine gearboxes that significantly influence the reliability and cost-effectiveness of wind energy systems. Under harsh, low-speed, high-load, and high-torque conditions, PGJBs remain insufficiently optimized, necessitating precise performance simulations and enhancements. In this study, a comprehensive thermo-elastohydrodynamic mixed-lubrication model was developed by integrating the thermal effects, cavitation, asperity contact, and deformation. The model was validated through comparative analyses with existing approaches, revealing critical lubrication characteristics. Excessively thin oil films at the bearing edges induced severe asperity contact, posing substantial wear-induced failure risks. To address this, a running-in model coupled with wear and mixed lubrication analysis was established to investigate the edge modification of PGJBs. The results indicated that the optimized profile derived from the running-in model increases minimum oil film thickness by 3.97  under rated conditions while reducing the contact pressure from 8.98  to approximately 0.001 , with even more pronounced improvements under overload scenarios. The proposed modification geometry enhances the operational performance and reliability of the PGJB, thereby advancing the development of clean energy technologies.","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145043009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flexible carbon fiber/epoxy resin-based self-lubricating composites reinforced by continuously regenerated lignocellulose and MoS2 nanosheets 连续再生木质纤维素和二硫化钼纳米片增强柔性碳纤维/环氧树脂基自润滑复合材料

IF 6.8 1区工程技术

Friction Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.26599/frict.2025.9441054

Zhiqiang Shan, Xiaohua Jia, Yong Qiu, Jin Yang, Hengzhong Fan, Haojie Song

{"title":"Flexible carbon fiber/epoxy resin-based self-lubricating composites reinforced by continuously regenerated lignocellulose and MoS2 nanosheets","authors":"Zhiqiang Shan, Xiaohua Jia, Yong Qiu, Jin Yang, Hengzhong Fan, Haojie Song","doi":"10.26599/frict.2025.9441054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/frict.2025.9441054","url":null,"abstract":" Rapid dissipation of shear stress and frictional energy in the matrix of polymer-based self-lubricating composites can improve their friction-reduction and anti-wear performance. In this work, regenerated lignocellulose (RLC) with a flexible architecture was used to assist ball-milling to exfoliate bulk molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and introduce it into an epoxy (EP) resin matrix to improve the mechanical and tribological properties of the final products. The abundant functional groups (hydroxyl and aldehyde groups) in RLC undergo an additional reaction with the active hydrogen atoms or epoxy groups in the EP resin, improving the curing performance of the EP matrix and enhancing the flexibility and interfacial strength of the carbon fiber/epoxy (CF/EP) composites. Owing to the simultaneous introduction of rigid MoS2 nanosheets and flexible plant-fiber constructs in the EP matrix, external stresses can be transferred from the polymer matrix to the reinforcement fibers more efficiently. The tensile strength and toughness of the final products increased by 42.71% and 53.38%, respectively, and the friction coefficient and wear rate decreased by 37.50% and 30.77%, respectively, over those of the CFs/EP@RLC composites. This approach of using RLC to assist in exfoliating MoS2 nanosheets and building a “flexible & rigid” transition framework in an EP matrix provides a valuable reference for improving the interfacial strength and friction properties of polymer-based self-lubricating composites. ","PeriodicalId":12442,"journal":{"name":"Friction","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145043113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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