Frontiers in Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Research progress on extraction, separation, structure, and biological activities of polysaccharides from jujube fruit (<i>Ziziphus jujuba</i> Mill.): a review.","authors":"Feilong Jia, Bo Wang, Hui Ma, Changcai Bai, Yuanyuan Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1581947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2025.1581947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Jujube (<i>Ziziphus Jujuba</i> Mill.) is an excellent medicinal and edible plant owing to its high nutritional and health-promoting properties. As an important bioactive component, <i>Z</i>. Jujuba polysaccharides have aroused wide attention due to their various pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-viral, regulating gut microbiota, hepatoprotective effects and prebiotic activity, and so on. This review highlights the advancements in the extraction methods, structural characteristics, structural elucidation, and functional analysis of polysaccharides derived from Jujube fruits over the past decade, aiming to provide valuable insights for future development and commercialization of Jujube fruits polysaccharides.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1581947"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12041218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile exfoliation of natural talc into separated mesoporous magnesium silicate nano-sheets for effective sequestration of phosphate and nitrate ions: characterization and advanced modeling.","authors":"Walaa Gaber, Nabila Shehata, Ahmed M El-Sherbeeny, Wail Al Zoubi, Ahmed Mehaney, Mostafa R Abukhadra","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1571723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2025.1571723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Magnesium silicate nano-sheets were synthesized from natural talc by facile exfoliation and delamination methods as exfoliated product (EXTC) of 29.5 nm average pore diamter, enhanced surface area (103 m²/g), and adsorption perforamnces. The sucessful development of EXTC particles was followed based on different techniques and applied in effective sequestration of PO₄ ^3- and NO₃ ^- ions from water. The EXTC product as adsorbent demonstrates remarkable effectiveness for both PO₄ ^3- (257.9 mg/g) and NO₃ ^- (164.2 mg/g) as compared to several studied structures. Depending on the steric analysis of Monolayer equilibrium model, the interface of EXTC highly saturated with interactive receptors for the both ions but with higher abundant for PO₄ ^3- (151.5 mg/g) as compared to NO₃ ^- (61.5 mg/g). This resulted in higher aggregation effect during the uptake of NO₃ ^- (4 ions per site) than PO₄ ^3- (3 ions per site) which also donate the vertical orientation of these adsorbed ions and operation of multi-ionic sequestration mechanisms. The structure is highly recyclable and of significant safety and cane be applied in its spent or exhausted state as fertilizer. The energetic evaluation considering the Gaussian energy (<8.5 kJ/mol) as well as the sequestration energy (<4 kJ/mol), suggested the predominant impact of physical mechanisms (hydrogen bonds and electrostatic attraction), in addition to the impact of the weak chemical complexation. Furthermore, the thermodynamic functions declare the retention of these ions into the framework of EXTC by exothermic and spontaneous reactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1571723"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12037480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143991380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catechin-capped silver-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticle enhanced photocatalytic toxic dye degradation.","authors":"Sougata Ghosh, Tanawat Imboon, Rashbihari Layek, Gayatri Salunke, Vijay Singh Parihar, Jeerawan Khumphon, Thomas J Webster, Santosh Sutar, Sutasinne Kityakarn, Chaisak Issro, Dusadee Khamboonrueang, Sirikanjana Thongmee","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1576504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2025.1576504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Doping-associated surface modification is a powerful strategy to enhance the photocatalytic potential of n-type semiconductor nanomaterials. Silver (Ag) is one of the most effective dopants that can result in the retardation of the electron hole recombination-generating Schottky barrier at the TiO₂ interface with a simultaneous extension of absorption to the visible region. This work presents a study on the effect of catechin, a bioactive principle polyphenol compound found in various plants, on the synthesis, Ag-doping and stabilization of TiO₂ nanoparticles (TiO₂NPs). The nanoparticles were irregular in shape with sizes ranging from 19 to 30 nm. Ag-TiO₂NPs were fabricated using TiO₂ as a precursor and 1%, 3%, and 5% AgNO₃ as a doping agent. The average particle size of 1%Ag-TiO₂NPs, 3%Ag-TiO₂NPs, and 5%Ag-TiO₂NPs was 27.3 ± 7.5 nm, 29.8 ± 9.6 nm, and 25.0 ± 9.0 nm, respectively. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) showed lattice fringes with an interplanar spacing of 0.23 nm corresponding to the Ag (111) plane in addition to the presence of the anatase phase of TiO₂. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra exhibited a broad peak around 400-800 cm^-1 that was attributed to Ti-O-Ti stretching vibrations which was slightly shifted in Ag-TiO₂NPs due to changes in the local bonding environment around Ti atoms caused by interactions with Ag. Catechin loading in the TiO₂NPs and Ag-TiO₂NPs was between 1.55 and 3.3 wt. %. TiO₂NPs, 1%Ag-TiO₂NPs, 3%Ag-TiO₂NPs, and 5%Ag-TiO₂NPs exhibited superior photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye up to 78%, 87%, 91%, and 92%, respectively, and RhB dye up to 92%, 94%, 97% and 99%, respectively, with a pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. Furthermore, its recyclability was also demonstrated for three cycles. The simplicity of fabrication and superior photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ demonstrated here make this green route advantageous for environmental applications to treat dye contaminated effluent as well as for numerous other applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1576504"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12037603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective adsorptive removal of triclosan from water using bio-nanocomposite hydrogel beads.","authors":"Vuyo Moses Mollo, Mthokozisi Mnguni, Diseko Boikanyo, Philiswa Nosizo Nomngongo, James Ramontja","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1547169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2025.1547169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Triclosan is a common antibacterial drug identified as a major contaminant in South African waters, notably in Gauteng and KwaZulu Natal provinces. This contaminant comes from personal care products and pharmaceuticals. It has been frequently detected in local streams and wastewater treatment plants, posing a threat to aquatic ecosystems and human health. Studies have emphasised the necessity of addressing the presence of triclosan in water bodies to lessen its harmful impacts on the environment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, NaAlg/MnS<i>x</i> bio-nanocomposite hydrogel beads incorporated with different amounts of MnS NPs (0.02-0.2 g) were synthesised via the ionic gelation method and employed as an adsorbent for the removal of triclosan from aqueous solutions. The surface charge, morphology, thermal stability, crystallinity, and functional groups of NaAlg/MnS bio-nanocomposite hydrogel beads were characterised by SEM equipped with EDX, TEM, Thermogravimetric analysis, FTIR, XRD, and zeta sizer (mV).</p><p><strong>Results and discussions: </strong>The experimental results demonstrated that incorporating 0.02-0.2 g of MnS NPs in the bio-nanocomposite hydrogels led to enhanced mechanical structure, porosity, and swelling ability for the adsorption of triclosan compared to pristine NaAlg hydrogel. The response surface methodology was used to optimise the experimental parameters affecting the batch adsorption of triclosan onto the surface of the adsorbent. Basic pH conditions were suitable for removing triclosan in aqueous solutions via hydrogen bonding with the carboxyl functional groups of the bio-nanocomposite beads. The pseudo-second order, Freundlich, and Sips models better explained the adsorption kinetics and equilibrium isotherm data. The maximum adsorption capacity estimated using the Langmuir isotherm model was 132 mg/g. The thermodynamic parameters (enthalpy (∆H) and entropy (∆S)) were found to be 44.042 kJ/mol and 207.018 J/Kmol, respectively, which means the reaction is endothermic and increases randomisation at the solid/liquid interface. The Gibbs free energy (∆G) was negative throughout the studied temperature range, indicating that the adsorption process was spontaneously and energetically favoured.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1547169"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12022511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant activity and selective cytotoxicity in HCT-116 and WI-38 cell lines of LC-MS/MS profiled extract from <i>Capparis spinosa L</i>.","authors":"Amjad Ibrahim Oraibi, Ashour H Dawood, Ghada Trabelsi, Ousman B Mahamat, Leila Chekir-Ghedira, Soumaya Kilani-Jaziri","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1540174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2025.1540174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Capparis spinosa</i> L. is significant among the family Capparidaceae for its survival and tolerance to dry environments. In this study, we evaluate the antioxidant and anticancer activities of extracts of roots and aerial parts of <i>Capparis spinosa</i> L.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bioactive compounds, including phenolic acids and flavonoids, in various ethyl acetate fractions from the extracted roots and aerial parts, were identified using LC-MS/MS. Principal leaf constituents characterized included Rutin, Resveratrol, Astragalin, and others. The Rutin, Resveratrol, Astragalin, (of ethyl acetate fraction), leaves, and roots were screened for antioxidant activity using DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, and CUPRAC activity assays, as well as for cytotoxicity with the MTT assay.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The antioxidant and anticancer activities of the samples were evaluated using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, CUPRAC assays, and the MTT assay. Roots and Rutin consistently exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity across all assays, with Roots (IC₅₀ = 0.06-0.36 mg/mL) excelling in FRAP and CUPRAC, and Rutin (IC₅₀ = 0.013 mg/mL) showing the highest DPPH activity. In contrast, Astragalin displayed the weakest antioxidant potential. For anticancer activity, the MTT assay revealed that Leaves (IC₅₀ = 23.26 μg/mL) and Roots (IC₅₀ = 34.65 μg/mL) were the most potent against HCT-116 cells, outperforming Nutlin (IC₅₀ = 62.72 μg/mL), with minimal toxicity to normal WI-38 cells. These results highlight the therapeutic potential of Roots and Rutin as strong antioxidant and anticancer agents.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results provide useful information concerning the medicinal potentials of <i>Capparis spinosa</i> L., particularly about HCT-116 and WI-38 cell line selectivity, and its relevance in the synthesis of natural antioxidants.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1540174"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144002764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro-nano robots for treatment of eye diseases.","authors":"Haocheng Wang, Jingxue Sun, Xiaona Zhang, Yingjie Zhou, Yaguang Zhang, Yanan Ni, Minnan Wang, Yanmeizhi Wu, Lulu Sun, Xiaoyu Zhao, Hong Qiao","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1553461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2025.1553461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, micro-nano robots have found extensive applications in the field of medicine. Among these, micro-nano robots demonstrate significant potential for the treatment of eye diseases. Micro-nano robots can penetrate eye tissue barriers to directly target the posterior segment of the eye for precise drug delivery, enabling non-invasive or minimally invasive treatment. This review explores the primary fabrication methods and propulsion mechanisms of various micro-nano robots, and their applications in treating various eye conditions, offering inspiration and guidance for advancing the use of micro-nanorobots in ophthalmic therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1553461"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143982593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂ on an Ag catalyst in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate, with its co-catalytic role as a supporting electrolyte during the reduction in an acetonitrile medium.","authors":"Sayyar Muhammad, Asad Ali","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1515903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2025.1515903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CO₂ electrochemical reduction reactions (CO₂ERR) has shown great promise in reducing greenhouse gas emissions while also producing useful chemicals. In this contribution, we describe the CO₂ERR at different catalysts using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate [emim][EtSO₄] ionic liquid (IL) as a solvent and as a supporting electrolyte. CO₂ERR occurs at Ag and Cu catalysts at a lower overpotential than that at Au, Pt, and boron-doped diamond (BDD) catalysts. In addition, we report that ILs play a better co-catalytic role when used as a supporting electrolyte during CO₂ERR in an acetonitrile (AcN) medium than the conventional supporting electrolyte, tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate [TBA][PF₆] in AcN. Furthermore, it is found that imidazolium-based cations ([emim]⁺) play a significant co-catalytic role during the reduction compared to [TBA]⁺ and pyrrolidinium [empyrr]⁺ cations, while anions of the ILs play no such role. The formation of CO from the CO₂ERR was detected using cyclic voltammetry at an Ag catalyst both in [emim][EtSO₄] as well as in an AcN solvent containing [emim][EtSO₄] as a supporting electrolyte. The product of the CO₂ reduction in this IL medium at the Ag catalyst is CO, which can be converted to synthetic liquid fuels by coupling the process with the Fischer-Tropsch process or through the conversion of CO₂ into fuels based on green hydrogen by the Sabatier process, that is, methanation of CO₂ on industrial scale, in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1515903"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12015760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143971562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asialoglycoprotein receptor-targeted perfluorooctylbromide as a targeted contrast agent for evaluating the severity of carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver damage in rats.","authors":"Jinhong Yu, Chaofeng Yang, Pengwei Zhang, Min Wei, Yang Li","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1475026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2025.1475026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) is an endocytic C-type lectin receptor in hepatocytes. Acute and chronic liver diseases can result in the decreased expression and content of this receptor. The objective of this study was to determine whether ASGPR-targeted perfluorooctylbromide (PFOB) can enhance ultrasound imaging signals and evaluate the severity of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver damage in rats. The specificity of ASGPR-targeted PFOB for hepatocytes L-02 was investigated <i>in vitro</i>. <i>In vivo</i>, all rats were treated with either ASGPR-targeted PFOB or PFOB, and ultrasound imaging of the livers was performed to evaluate the effect of these treatments on the imaging signal. The effects of CCl4 injection were also examined by measuring the percentage of apoptotic hepatocytes and ASGPR content. We first confirmed that ASGPR-targeted PFOB can be targeted specifically to hepatocytes L-02. In the healthy rat group, ASGPR-targeted PFOB increased the echo intensity (EI) of the liver by 87.47 dB, which was significantly higher than the EI increase observed with PFOB treatment (37.38 dB; P < 0.001), and the mean elimination times of the contrast agents were 282 ± 13.17 min and 225 ± 10.80 min for the ASGPR-targeted PFOB and PFOB groups, respectively (P < 0.001). In the CCl4-induced acute liver injury group, significant differences were observed in each group before and after administration of ASGPR-targeted PFOB. Significant differences were also observed between the different groups. The degree of reduction in peak EI correlated with the total dose of the CCl4. A decline in ASGPR content was correlated with the severity of acute liver damage using the CCl4-induced model. These findings suggest that ASGPR-targeted PFOB enhances ultrasound imaging and is a reliable tool for assessing the severity of acute liver damage in rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1475026"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual screening and molecular dynamics of anti-Alzheimer compounds from <i>Cardiospermum halicacabum</i> via GC-MS.","authors":"Selvan Kaviyarasu, Nallamuthu Padmanaban, Sulekha Khute, Gokhan Zengin, Paranthaman Subash","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1586728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2025.1586728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ayurveda is an ancient Indian medicinal system that uses medicinal plants for their neuroprotective effects. Ayurveda claims that the (<i>C. halicacabum</i>) leaves possess significant neuroprotective properties. Alzheimer's is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β, acetylcholinesterase, and tau tangles that interfere with neural transmission and impair cognitive abilities.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to identify novel potential anti-Alzheimer phytoconstituents of <i>C. halicacabum</i> leaves using <i>in silico</i> methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized the Box-Behnken design within the response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize and combine the effects of process variables, namely powder weight, solvent volume, and extraction time, on the microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) <i>of C. halicacabum</i> leaves. The optimization process revealed that these variables, along with microwave usage, significantly influenced the extraction yield. The ethanolic extract was examined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, and the identified phytoconstituents were further analyzed through computer-based simulations, including docking, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) studies, assessment of drug-likeness, molecular dynamics, LigPlot analysis, and density functional theory (DFT) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified 40 phytoconstituents and 37 were successfully characterized. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations revealed two lead compounds, acetic acid (dodecahydro-7-hydroxy-1,4b,8,8-tetramethyl-10-oxo-2(1H)-phenanthrenylidene)-,2-(dimethylamino)ethyl ester, [1R-(1. alpha)], and 1-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methyldodecane, which exhibited superior stability in the docked complex compared to galantamine.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on computational predictions and observed pharmacological properties, these findings suggest that phytoconstituents may have therapeutic effects against selected AD targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1586728"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection toward early-stage thermal runaway gases of Li-ion battery by semiconductor sensor.","authors":"Zhengfu Teng, Cheng Lv","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1586903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2025.1586903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While achieving remarkable commercial success, lithium-ion battery (LIBs) carry substantial safety risks associated with potential thermal runaway during widespread applications. When operated under complex working conditions, particularly in high-temperature and high-pressure environments, the internal galvanic reactions within these batteries may escalate uncontrollably. During the early stages of LIBs thermal runaway, substantial amounts of characteristic gases such as H₂, CO, and CO₂ are released. Safety assess ent of current thermal runaway status can be achieved through detecting these indicative gas concentrations, thereby enabling efficient and safe utilization of LIBs. This study provides a mini review of current research on semiconductor sensors for detecting early characteristic gases in LIBs thermal runaway through two key dimensions. Firstly, the mechanisms governing the entire thermal runaway process are elucidated, with explicit analysis of gas generation patterns and detectable gas speciation. Subsequently, the review categorically examines research progress on sensors targeting four critical gas categories: carbon oxides, hydrogen, hydrocarbons, and volatile electrolytes. This work establishes a theoretical framework and technical reference for researchers in related fields to advance sensor development, while also providing actionable recommendations to facilitate the fabrication of high-performance sensing devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1586903"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}