Frontiers in Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"CO₂ capture technology based on gas hydrate method: a review.","authors":"Jialing Pei, Jinger Chen, Jingxue Wang, Zhi Li, Nan Li, Jingyu Kan","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1448881","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1448881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At present, the problem of global warming is becoming increasingly serious, and one of the main culprits is the increasing amount of carbon dioxide emissions. Although the traditional carbon capture technologies can reduce the concentration of CO₂ in the atmosphere, it has a series of problems such as high energy consumption, high cost, low efficiency or unfriendly environment. Hydrate-based carbon dioxide separation are considered to be a technology with great application and development prospects. Compared with the traditional method of carbon dioxide separation, the hydrate method has the advantages of simple process, low energy consumption and environmental friendliness. This review introduces the advantages of hydrate method compared with traditional carbon capture technologies, expounds the theory of carbon dioxide capture by hydrate, and the strengthening and improvement techniques of hydrate method, including thermodynamic promoter, kinetic promoter and mechanical reinforcement, and introduces the practical application of hydrate method in various fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"1448881"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142557530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of optical properties of sequentially diluted lucigenin aqueous solutions according to luminescence data.","authors":"Dmitrii L Tytik, Viktor I Kuzmin, Olga V Souvorova, Alexandra A Revina","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1439250","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1439250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article discusses optical properties (luminescence) of diluted (24 dilution factor) lucigenin (<i>Lc</i>) aqueous solutions. Six series of <i>Lc</i> aqueous solutions, with 50 samples in each series, were studied. The series were diluted on different days within random schedules, following a unified procedure: the first sample in all the series was the <i>Lc</i> (C _<i>Lc</i> = 8.2 × 10^-7 mol/L) stock solution, while the rest of the samples were obtained by successive dilution with the ratio of 24. For the first three samples, the <i>Lc</i> luminescence intensity decrease appropriately complied with the exponential function model (the dilution ratio: none for the stock solution, for the second and the third, 24 and 24 × 24 = 24², respectively). Starting from the fourth sample for statistical processing of luminescence data, the seven largest values were selected from the built rank distribution of emission intensity values. This method helps eliminate the influence of \"random large bounces\" when calculating the correlation coefficient. Up to the 50th studied sample, a challenging linear gradual decrease in the intensity of recorded photometric values was noted (correlation coefficients for all series being close to -0.9). Similar analysis of six reference series of pure water \"dilution\" samples did not exhibit any correlation between the highest emission values in the studied wavelength range (specific for <i>Lc</i> bandwidth, 480-505 nm) and the sample's dilution number. It can be assumed that photometric values, recorded in the series of Lc sequentially diluted aqueous solutions after substance (<i>Lc</i>) elimination (theoretically expected after the 13th sample within the used experimental setup), could be attributed to the gradual destruction of long-lived aqueous structures formed in the process of hydration of <i>Lc</i> molecules during its dissolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"1439250"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11521942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and antibacterial potential of novel thymol derivatives against methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> pathogenic bacteria.","authors":"Ashutosh Shahi, Rakshit Manhas, Srija Bhattacharya, Arti Rathore, Puneet Kumar, Jayanta Samanta, Manish Kumar Sharma, Avisek Mahapa, Prasoon Gupta, Jasha Momo H Anal","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1482852","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1482852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing threat of antibiotic resistance has created an urgent need for new antibacterial agents, particularly plant-based natural compounds and their derivatives. Thymol, a natural monoterpenoid phenolic compound derived from <i>Monarda citriodora</i>, is known for its aromatic and therapeutic properties, including antibacterial activity. This study focuses on synthesizing dihydropyrimidinone and dihydropyridine derivatives of thymol and exploring their antibacterial properties. The synthesized compounds were tested for their <i>in vitro</i> antibacterial potential against pathogenic microorganisms, specifically <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (Gram-negative) and methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) (Gram-positive). Among the synthesized derivatives, compound 3i (ethyl 4-(4-hydroxy-5-isopropyl-2-methylphenyl)-2-imino-6-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate) exhibited the most promising antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 12.5 µM against <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and 50.0 µM against MRSA. Additionally, compound 3i demonstrated a synergistic effect when combined with vancomycin, enhancing its antibacterial efficacy. The optimum fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) observed was 0.10 and 0.5 for MRSA and <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, respectively, in combination with vancomycin. <i>In silico</i> analysis of the physiochemical properties of 3i indicated compliance with all drug-likeness rules. Furthermore, molecular docking studies revealed that compound 3i has a stronger binding affinity to the target protein than thymol, providing valuable insights into its potential mechanism of action.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"1482852"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11523063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In-situ</i> monitoring of polymer mechanochemistry: what can be learned from small molecule systems.","authors":"Niamh Willis-Fox","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1490847","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1490847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using mechanical energy to drive chemical transformations is an exciting prospect to improve the sustainability of chemical reactions and to produce products not achievable by more traditional methods. <i>In-situ</i> monitoring of reaction pathways and chemical transformations is vital to deliver the reproducible results required for scale up to realize the potential of mechanochemistry beyond the chemistry lab. This mini review will discuss the recent advances in <i>in-situ</i> monitoring of ball milling and polymer mechanochemistry, highlighting the potential for shared knowledge for scale up.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"1490847"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11521884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Application of metabolomics, peptidomics and proteomics in human nutrition and health.","authors":"Evroula Hapeshi, Victoria Samanidou, Ioannis Sarigiannis, Christos Petrou, Panagiotis Vorkas","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1504501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1504501","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"1504501"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11521952/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles from <i>Azadirachta indica</i>: antimicrobial, antioxidant and <i>in silico</i> analysis for periodontal treatment.","authors":"Binapani Barik, Bhabani Sankar Satapathy, Gurudutta Pattnaik, Desai Vijay Bhavrao, Krishna Prasad Shetty","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1489253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1489253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study explores potential application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to treat periodontal infection using <i>Azadirachta indica</i> leaf extract. The eco-friendly green synthesis process uses <i>Azadirachta indica</i> as a natural stabilizer and reducer, allowing AgNPs to be formed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Experimental AgNPs were characterized through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Zeta potential, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) etc. The antimicrobial, antioxidant potential of AgNPs was tested to identify its efficacy against periodontal infections.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>AgNPs were found spherical, nanosized (86 nm), with negative surface charge (-26.9 mV). TEM study depicted clear formation of discrete nanosize particles with smooth surface texture. Results showed strong antibacterial and anti-oxidant action of experimental AgNPs, preventing biofilm growth and bacterial viability. A higher binding affinity was observed between Quercetin and the selected protein, which is implicated in bacterial growth and biofilm formation on teeth. The study suggests that <i>Azadirachta indica</i> derived AgNPs could be a safe, efficacious, and eco-friendly alternative in place of conventional therapies to treat periodontal infection. Future <i>in vivo</i> studies are however warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"1489253"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11518748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanobioprospecting of photoautotrophs for the fabrication of quantum dots: mechanism and applications.","authors":"Pranav Pandya, Thomas J Webster, Sougata Ghosh","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1458804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2024.1458804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantum dots (QDs), also known as nanoparticle-based fluorescent probes, are luminescent semiconductor particles with a size range of 2-20 nm. The unique optical and electronic capabilities of QDs have led to expanded applications in several fields such as optoelectronics, transistors, sensors, photodetection, catalysis, and medicine. The distinct quantum effects of nanocrystals can be controlled by changing their sizes and shapes using a variety of top-down and bottom-up tactics. QDs were traditionally fabricated using complex, expensive, toxic, and aggressive chemical techniques, which limited their application in a variety of disciplines. A unique approach for the biosynthesis of nanomaterials has been devised, which employs living organisms in the synthesis process and adheres to green chemistry principles. Biogenic QDs have favorable physicochemical features, biocompatibility, and fewer cytotoxic effects as a result of using natural biomolecules and enzymatic processes for mineralization, detoxification, and nucleation of metals and nonmetals to synthesize QDs. This is the first comprehensive review of its kind that highlights the synthesis of several doped and undoped QDs, including graphene QDs, carbon dots, silicon QDs, N/S-CDs, silver-CDs, cadmium-selenium QDs, and zinc oxide QDs, exclusively using photoautotrophic algae and plants. The different plausible mechanisms behind phyco- and phyto-fabrication of QDs are also discussed in detail along with their applications that include detection of organic and inorganic compounds, degradation of hazardous dyes, free radical scavenging, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and bioimaging. Thus, this review aims to give valuable insights for the rational fabrication of photoluminescent nanomaterials with tunable structural and functional properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"1458804"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11518822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of metal nanoparticles on graphene oxide and antibacterial properties.","authors":"Talia Tene, Stefano Bellucci, Joseth Pachacama, María F Cuenca-Lozano, Gabriela Tubon-Usca, Marco Guevara, Matteo La Pietra, Yolenny Cruz Salazar, Andrea Scarcello, Melvin Arias Polanco, Lala Rasim Gahramanli, Cristian Vacacela Gomez, Lorenzo S Caputi","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1426179","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1426179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pathogen-induced infections and the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>), pose significant global health challenges, emphasizing the need for new antimicrobial strategies. In this study, we synthesized graphene oxide (GO)-based composites functionalized with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) as potential alternatives to traditional antibiotics. The objective is to assess the antibacterial properties of these composites and explore their efficacy against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i>, two common bacterial pathogens. The composites are prepared using eco-friendly and conventional methods to ensure effective nanoparticle attachment to the GO surface. Structural and morphological characteristics are confirmed through SEM, AFM, EDS, XRD, UV-vis, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. The antibacterial efficacy of the composites is tested through disk diffusion assays, colony-forming unit (CFU) counts, and turbidimetry analysis, with an emphasis on understanding the effects of different nanoparticle concentrations. The results demonstrated a dose-dependent antibacterial effect, with GO/AgNP-1 showing superior antibacterial activity over GO/AgNP-2, particularly at lower concentrations (32.0 μg/mL and 62.5 μg/mL). The GO/CuNP composite also exhibited significant antibacterial properties, with optimal performance at 62.5 μg/mL for both bacterial strains. Turbidimetry analysis confirmed the inhibition of bacterial growth, especially at moderate concentrations, although slight nanoparticle aggregation at higher doses reduced efficacy. Lastly, both GO/AgNP and GO/CuNP composites demonstrated significant antibacterial potential. The results emphasize the need to fine-tune nanoparticle concentration and refine synthesis techniques to improve their efficacy, positioning these composites as strong contenders for antimicrobial use.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"1426179"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11513291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of genotoxic impurities in extracted nicotine vs. synthetic nicotine.","authors":"Ayesha Nisathar, Hui Chen, Xiaoli Lei, Zeyu Zeng, Jia Chen","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1483868","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1483868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nicotine is a chiral alkaloid; nitrogen-containing organic compound that occurs naturally. (S)-nicotine is extracted from Tobacco plants and used as the key addictive ingredient in many smoking products. Synthetic nicotine has gained the interest of many smoking product manufacturers over the last few decades due to the ease and low cost of manufacturing. Another claimed advantage of synthetic nicotine is the absence of genotoxic impurities that form during the extraction process of nicotine. These impurities are other plant alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and heavy metals. Additionally, the U. S. FDA has implemented new regulations on the quality control of synthetic nicotine. However, only a very few research articles have been published on assessing the complete impurity profile of synthetic nicotine. Therefore, the need to know the composition difference between tobacco-extracted nicotine vs. synthetic nicotine is highly necessary. In this research study, the impurity profile of thirteen different lots of synthetic nicotine was compared with fourteen lots of nicotine extracted from plants using in-house analytical methods. First, the samples were tested for other alkaloids and phenols by reversed-phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Second, the chiral purity was analyzed by normal phase HPLC. Third, lead and arsenic content were tested by atomic absorption and fluorescence spectrometry. Fourth, nicotine-specific nitrosamines were tested by LC-MS. The reversed phase HPLC data suggested similar quantities of total impurities in both synthetic and tobacco-extracted nicotine (0.1%). However, synthetic nicotine lacks some impurities such as cotinine, nornicotine, and nicotine-N-oxide. Additionally, the synthetic nicotine lots used in this study have high enantiomeric purity similar to the tobacco-extracted nicotine.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"1483868"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and synthesis of thiahelicenes for molecular electronics.","authors":"Bianca C Baciu, Pawel J Bronk, Albert Guijarro","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1471413","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2024.1471413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The conductance of a tunneling electron through a π-conjugated molecule may be affected by the presence of different pathways in the orbital structure of the molecule, resulting in the constructive or destructive interference of the molecular wave function. This quantum interference (QI) directly translates into enhancement or suppression of conductance and offers the possibility of controlling this phenomenon through tailored synthesis. Hence, we set up synthetic methodologies to access a series of thiophene-fused helicenes with a well-defined positioning of the sulfur atoms, which control the occurrence of conducting, linearly conjugated as well as disrupted, cross-conjugated pathways. We describe these synthetic strategies and relate the expected electronic transport through our molecules to three key variables: a) the <i>exo</i>-/<i>endo</i>-topology of the S atom within the ring; b) the parity (odd/even) of the overall number of rings conforming to the helicene; and c) the size of the circuit. This series ranks from [7] to [11] fused rings, having both <i>exo</i>-, <i>endo</i>-, or mixed <i>exo-endo-</i>topology. Comparison of homologous dithiahelicenes with size-tunable highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energies allows us to isolate the key variable of the bond topology from other electronic properties and face the study of QI in helically conjugated molecules. Understanding and tuning the conductance in such molecular solenoids is the main purpose of this work.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"12 ","pages":"1471413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11513318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}