Frontiers in Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Effects of fluorine modification on the photocatalytic hydrogen production performance of TiO₂.","authors":"Jie Hu, Xianhao Shan, Shan Wu, Pengfei Sun, Zhengyuan Gao, Zhong Ren, Xiangchao Feng, Shuai Wang","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1621188","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1621188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As an efficient and environmentally friendly photocatalyst, TiO₂ has garnered significant interest among researchers. However, the rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers leads to the inhibition of its photocatalytic activity. Fluorine modification has been proven to be an effective method to improve the photocatalytic performance of TiO₂, leading to a multitude of research reports on this subject. Surface fluorine adsorption or lattice fluorine doping can deftly modulate the surface chemical attributes and electronic configuration of the TiO₂ photocatalyst, thereby amplifying its functional performance. The role of fluorine atoms coordinated with different number titanium atoms (terminal Ti₁-F, bridging Ti₂-F and Ti₃-F) are also discussed. This paper provides a minireview of various aspects of fluorine-modified TiO₂, including its classification (surface-adsorbed fluorination, lattice-doped fluorination and Ti_x-F) and characterization techniques (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance). Finally, this treatise elucidates the mechanistic impact of fluorine modification on the photocatalytic hydrogen production performance of TiO₂.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1621188"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vineyard pruning-wood waste valorisation: sustainable extraction of bioactive compounds.","authors":"Elisabetta Tumminelli, Valeria Cavalloro, Chiara Ingrà, Alessandra Ferrandino, Alessio Porta, Giorgio Marrubini, Emanuela Martino, Daniela Rossi, Simona Collina","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1597833","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1597833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The annual production of waste is expected to increase over the next forty years, representing one of the main challenges associated with the global rise in population. Consequently, the transition towards more sustainable development and circular economy constitutes one of the most pressing challenges in the coming decades. Vineyard management generates several thousand tons of waste each year, including wood from pruning. This waste material is particularly rich in secondary metabolites, such as <i>(E)</i>-resveratrol and <i>(E)</i>-ε-viniferin. Accordingly, it represents a valuable source of biologically active phytochemicals with potential industrial outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study aimed to exploit grapevine pruning residues as a source of <i>(E)</i>-resveratrol and <i>(E)</i>-ε-viniferin through the set-up of a low environmental impact procedure which involves first a microwave-assisted solvent extraction (MASE) followed by a protocol suitable for the isolation of <i>(E)</i>-resveratrol and <i>(E)</i>-ε-viniferin from the MASE extract. Different purification techniques, such as liquid/liquid extraction and chromatography, alone or in combinations, were exploited.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Our optimized MASE protocol involves 100% EtOH as extraction solvent, 1 microwave cycle of 5 minutes at 80°C. As regards the isolation procedure, best results were achieved with medium pressure automated chromatography, eluting with n-hexane and ethyl acetate in gradient condition, with or without preliminary liquid/liquid (water/ethyl acetate) extraction. Applying the optimize procedure <i>(E)</i>-resveratrol (0.9 mg/g dry matrix weight) and <i>(E)</i>-ε-viniferin (1.1 mg/g dry matrix weight) were successfully isolated with high purity Moreover, a UHPLC-UV/DAD method suitable for the quantification of <i>(E)</i>-resveratrol and <i>(E)</i>-ε-viniferin was developed to support all the procedures. Keeping in mind eco-sustainable criteria, the greenness of the UHPLC method was evaluated through the open source calculator AGREE: analytical GREennEss Calculator 0.5 beta, while the environmental impact of the whole procedure proposed for the extraction and the isolation of the secondary metabolites was determined using the environmental impact factor (EF), obtaining satisfactory results.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1597833"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on multi-scale oil displacement mechanism polymer/nanoparticle composite flooding.","authors":"Bei Wei, Ningyu Zheng, Yu Xue, Jian Hou, Yongsheng Liu, Zhixin Guo, Xuwen Qin, Qingjun Du","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1605416","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1605416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polymer flooding is a popular enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technique; however, conventional polymers face challenges such as large dosages and limited shear resistance. To address these issues, we proposed a polymer/nanoparticle composite flooding method and investigated its feasibility through laboratory experiments. We first characterized the rheological properties and interfacial tension of various polymer/nano-SiO₂ composite systems and examined their microscopic morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Subsequently, we conducted two-dimensional microscopic flooding experiments to evaluate sweep efficiency and analyze residual oil distribution patterns. Finally, we performed core flooding experiments to compare injection pressure and recovery efficiency among different flooding systems. Results indicate that the presence of nano-SiO₂ effectively enhanced the viscosity of the polymer system. The viscosity-increasing mechanism is nanoparticles adsorbing onto polymer molecular chains to form network structures. The polymer/nano-SiO₂ composite system significantly increased sweep efficiency and promoted the transformation of residual oil from reticulated patterns to cluster, membrane, and punctiform patterns. Compared to polymer flooding, the polymer/nano-SiO₂ composite system required a smaller amount of usage, effectively avoids environmental pollution, and showed better injectivity, achieving a 6% higher recovery while reducing injection pressure by up to 14%.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1605416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen-centric machine learning approach for analyzing properties of tricyclic anti-depressant drugs.","authors":"Simran Kour, J Ravi Sankar","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1603948","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1603948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tricyclic anti-depressant (TCA) drugs are widely used to treat depression, but traditional methods for evaluating their physicochemical properties can be time-consuming and costly. This study examines how topological indices can help to predict the properties of TCA drugs, with a special focus on the role of the hydrogen representation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two molecular configurations were analyzed: one with only explicit hydrogen and the other including all hydrogen atoms. To assess predictive performance, linear regression (LR) and support vector regression (SVR) models were employed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that adding all hydrogen atoms showed strong correlations, especially for polarizability, molar refractivity, and molar volume. Among the models employed, SVR provided more accurate results. Additionally, hydrogen representation had a stronger impact on SVR's predictions.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings highlight the potential of using machine learning techniques in quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) models for more efficient and reliable predictions of drug properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1603948"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of defects on the enhancement of thermoelectric properties in Sn-doped ZnO nanostructure synthesized via hydrothermal route.","authors":"Danish Arif, Rajwali Khan, Adeel Younas Abid, Kashif Safeen, Adnan Ali, Mohammed A Amin, Khizra Akram, Kamal Hussain Khan, Zulfiqar Ali, Akif Safeen","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1598509","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1598509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The efficiency of materials' thermoelectric properties is often limited by various factors, and enhancing these properties through defect engineering is an effective strategy. This study investigated the defects-induced thermoelectric characteristics of Sn-doped ZnO nanoparticles. The samples were synthesized using the hydrothermal technique with varying concentrations of Sn. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that pure and Sn-doped ZnO nanoparticles exhibit a wurtzite structure, with an average crystallite size ranging from 22.8 to 18.1 nm. SEM micrographs revealed rod-like morphology which changes into spherical and irregular morphologies across all samples, with increased agglomeration observed with doping. EDX analysis verified the Sn incorporation into Sn-doped ZnO nanostructure. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum showed significantly enhanced green emission, attributed to an increase in defect concentrations with doping. The electrical conductivity is increased with doping while the Seebeck coefficient reached the highest value of 166 μV/K for the SZ-2 sample, which is higher than any other synthesized sample. This behavior of the thermoelectric properties can be attributed to the presumable increased free carrier density induced by Sn doping in the ZnO crystal lattice, which enhanced both the Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity, thereby improving thermoelectric efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1598509"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuraminidase as a novel therapeutic management strategy for Alzheimer's disease: evidenced through molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation and gene expression analysis.","authors":"Sami I Alzarea, Omar Awad Alsaidan, Hassan H Alhassan, Abdulaziz Ibrahim Alzarea, Tariq G Alsahli, Metab Alharbi, Muhammad Afzal, Mohammad Jaffar Sadiq Mantargi","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1574702","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1574702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Neuraminidase in humans is studied to see how well repurposed oseltamivir works for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) using methods like molecular docking, molecular dynamic (MD) simulation, and gene expression analysis. Gene enrichment analysis was also studied to understand the behaviour of neuraminidases in humans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Molecular docking was done using oseltamivir and the neuraminidase proteins with the <i>PyRx</i> tool, and the results were analysed using BIOVIA Discovery Studio. MD simulation (50 ns) of the oseltamivir and neuraminidase complex was performed using GROMACS tools. The gene expression analysis and gene enrichment study were done using GEO2R, which showed the results as log FC and significant values. Enricher tool-based gene enrichment analysis was done to determine the gene behaviour related to the AD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The molecular docking showed a strong connection between oseltamivir and neuraminidase (-6.5 kcal/mol), acetylcholinesterase (-7.9 kcal/mol), CDKs (-6.5 kcal/mol), and GSKs (-6.6 kcal/mol), interacting with different amino acids in the protein sequences. MD simulations showed a strong interaction between the ligand and neuraminidase, with stable measurements indicating that both the protein and ligand remained consistent in size and energy, which is better explained through the results of MM_PBSA and MM_GBSA analysis of the complex, resulting in the ΔE_vdW, ΔE_elec, ΔG_polar, ΔG_nonpolar, ΔG_gas, (ΔE_vdW + ΔEEL), ΔG_solvation: (ΔG_polar + ΔG_nonpolar) and ΔG_bind: total energies suggesting the complex stayed stable in conditions similar to those resembling natural cell. The gene expression analysis expressed TUBB3 (formation of beta-tubulin), FABP3 (regulates alpha-synuclein uptake in dopaminergic neurons), and CALM1 (calcium signal transduction pathway) to be highly upregulated in the given conditions with kinase binding (p = 0.0006541) and protein phosphatase regulatory activity (p = 0.001357) were highly upregulated, implicating their importance in the AD.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The study ends on a hopeful note for using oseltamivir to treat neurological diseases, but it suggests that future research should include a solid cell line study, an <i>in vitro</i> study, and a clinical study.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1574702"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transition metal supported UiO-67 materials and their applications in catalysis.","authors":"Tingting Li, Yan Li, Jingxin Mao","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1596868","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1596868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising platforms for heterogeneous catalysis due to their tunable structures and high specific surface areas. Results indicate that modified composite MOFs not only exhibit superior water stability but also demonstrate broader applicability in catalysis, such as Fenton-like oxidation, Morita-Baylis-Hillman reactions, ethylene dimerization, and various photoelectrochemical processes. Among them, UiO-67, a zirconium-based MOF, has attracted extensive attention for its exceptional chemical stability, high catalytic activity, and well-defined microporous structure. This review introduces composites formed by different types of single and multi-metal loadings on UiO-67 and their demonstrated catalytic performance. It emphasizes the structure-performance relationships of these composites, highlighting how metal loading and spatial distribution influence their reactivity and stability. The current application status and existing challenges of UiO-67 series materials and their derivatives in catalysis are systematically reviewed. By integrating experimental results and mechanistic insights, this work underscores the transformative potential of UiO-67 series materials in meeting the demands of sustainable catalysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1596868"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current developments of metal- and metalloid-based quinoline compounds as leishmanicidal agents.","authors":"Edgar Del Carpio, Lino Hernández, Vito Lubes, Francisco Jourdan, Hugo Cerecetto, Gonzalo Scalese, Dinorah Gambino, Angel H Romero","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1586044","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1586044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The quinoline moiety represents an important scaffold for the development of leishmanicidal agents. In particular, its hybridization with metal/metalloids has generated highly active compounds that are, in some cases, highly selective against leishmaniasis models. The existing leishmanicidal metal-/metalloid-quinoline compounds are mainly based on the following: (i) coordination compounds based on 8-hydroxyquinolinate; (ii) metallocene derivatives; (iii) <i>N</i>-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes featuring a quinoline moiety. This mini-review summarizes the reported cases of leishmanicidal metal and metalloid-based quinoline compounds for each group (i-iii), focusing on the structure-property relationship from <i>in vitro Leishmania</i> models and mechanisms of action, <i>in vivo</i> experiments, and pharmacokinetic data, if available. This paper aims to describe the state of the art of inorganic medicinal chemistry for the development of selective and potent leishmanicidal agents using the quinoline moiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1586044"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black ginseng under forest as a natural antidepressant: insights into its active components and mechanisms.","authors":"Yixuan Sui, Yiying Tan, Yajing Li, Xiaochen Gao, Han Lu, Jiaming Shen, Xuesheng Hu, Lei Wang, Liting Zhao, Jiaming Sun, Chunnan Li","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1619060","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1619060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depression is a psychological disorder with significant global impact. It is widely hypothesized that this disorder is associated with neuroinflammation, which disrupts neural homeostasis through various pathways. This study aims to investigate the effective compounds and mechanisms of Black Ginseng under forest (BG) in combating neuroinflammation. Utilizing methods such as UPLC-QE Orbitrap-MS, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and cell biology, the efficacy of BG was demonstrated, and its active components were identified. Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed using Trans well migration assays and flow cytometry. The mRNA expression of target genes was confirmed through real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), elucidating the anti-neuroinflammatory mechanism. The results indicated that BG exhibited a more pronounced effect on ameliorating neuroinflammatory conditions compared to Ginseng under forest (FG). The main active components were found through research and development, including Ginsenoside F1, Ginsenoside Rk1, Ginsenoside Rg3, etc. Among these, Ginsenoside F1 emerged as the most potent active component for treating neuroinflammation, as evidenced by reduced cell migration and apoptosis. The study demonstrates that BG can modulate the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, leading to a reduction in the expression levels of AKT1, MAPK1, PIK3CA, EGFR, and other mRNAs. These findings suggest that BG is a promising natural antidepressant, providing both theoretical and experimental foundations for the development of new antidepressants based on BG and its active components.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1619060"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive revision on the use of quinoline antimalarial drugs as leishmanicidal agents.","authors":"Romina E Avanzo, Guadalupe García Liñares, Noris Rodríguez, Angel H Romero","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1608340","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1608340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimalarial drugs based on quinolines have been widely used as leishmanicidal agents for either cutaneous or visceral leishmaniasis models. Herein, we showed the leishmanicidal response against <i>in vitro</i> models of different <i>Leishmania</i> spp. and against <i>in vivo</i> models of eleven key antimalarials, including chloroquine, sitamaquine, amodiaquine, mefloquine, quinine, primaquine, hydroxychloroquine, tafenoquine, quinacrine and moxipraquine. Mechanistic studies and advances in clinical treatment are also discussed. This mini-review aims to show the state of the art in using antimalarial drugs to discover alternative therapies for leishmaniasis treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1608340"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}