Frontiers in Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Mathematical modeling and estimation of physicochemical characteristics of pneumonia treatment drugs through a novel approach <i>K</i>-Banhatti topological descriptors.","authors":"Abdul Rauf Khan, Ifra Naeem, Fairouz Tchier, Fikadu Tesgera Tolasa, Shahid Hussain","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1564809","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1564809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pneumonia is the primary cause of mortality in preterm infants in developing nations; yet, early detection and treatment can significantly reduce mortality rates. Pharmaceutical researchers are diligently striving to identify avariety of drugs that might effectively cure pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We are motivated to examine the quantitative structureproperty relationships (QSPR) of anti-pneumonia pharmaceuticals. We employed <i>K</i>-Banhatti topological descriptors and analyzed the findings to achieve this. For estimation of physicochemical properties of pneumonia treatment drugs we utilized linear, quadratic, cubic, and biquadratic regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>The drugs comprise linezolid, ceftabiprole, and clarithromycin, among others. Topological descriptors enable the exploration of the complexity, connectivity, and other essential attributes of molecules. The quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) analysis of pharmaceuticals for illness treatment employing <i>K</i>-Banhatti topological descriptors is an economical approach utilised by pharmaceutical researchers. We performed a QSPR analysis on 20 anti-pneumonia drugs to ascertain the most precise predictions for five properties: enthalpy, flash point, molecular weight, molar volume, and molar refractivity, employing five <i>K</i>-Banhatti indices. To do this, we used linear, quadratic, cubic, and biquadratic regression analyses to find links between molecules and the physical and chemical properties of drugs used to treat pneumonia. Employing molecular descriptors and regression models to investigate chemical patterns is a cost-effective and theoretical methodology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1564809"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable dyeing of cotton, silk and leather using natural dye from <i>Bixa orellana</i> seeds: extraction, optimization and assessment of antibacterial activity.","authors":"Moorthy Muruganandham, Yuvaraj Tamilselvi, Kanagasabapathy Sivasubramanian, Palanivel Velmurugan, Fatimah Oleyan Al-Otibi, Subpiramaniyam Sivakumar","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1474160","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1474160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Natural dyes offer an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic colorants in textile processing. This study explores the sustainable dyeing of cotton, silk, and leather using pigment-rich extracts from <i>Bixa orellana</i> seeds, with a focus on process optimization and antibacterial efficacy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Using an array of extraction solvents [water, methanol, ethanol, ethanol: methanol (1:1)] and extraction techniques [direct heat (DH), ultrasonic water bath (USB), ultrasonic probe, (USP)], <i>Bixa orellana</i> seeds were utilized to produce a yellow-orange dye. The color strength of the extracted dye was investigated using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer to measure the absorbance wavelength. The functional groups identified in the extracted natural dye were described using an FTIR spectrophotometer.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Using methanol as the solvent and 5 g of seed at 60°C for 60 min, the highest color yield was observed in USB. Using the ultrasonic water bath dyeing method at 60°C for 40 min without using any moderant, cotton, silk fabric, and leather were effectively colored in a yellow-orange color. The L*, a*, and b* values of the dyed material treated using the USB approach were 80.95, 4.52, 75.35 for cotton, 88.65, -1.35, 62.85 for silk, and 79.55, 015.35, 66.45 for leather, respectively. Compared to the other bacterial reduction, 85.25% of the colored materials showed substantial antibacterial action against <i>Staphylococcus</i> sp. <i>Vibrio</i> sp. (76.69%), <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. (75.83%), <i>Klebsiella</i> sp. (74.24%), and <i>Micrococcus</i> sp. (74.21%) were the following most prevalent bacteria. The ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) measurements showed that leather and cotton treated with <i>B. orellana</i> seed dye had higher UV radiation shielding properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1474160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of freeze-drier/plasma asher method for analysis of asbestos in the lung tissue.","authors":"Anna Benedetta Somigliana","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1581910","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1581910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The analysis of asbestos fibers in lung tissue is complex due to both the biological matrix and the analyte. Lung tissue preparation techniques for asbestos burden analysis require the removal of organic matter to make the inorganic mineral components visible. The method's validation is challenging due to the analyte's inherent variability. This study outlines a procedure for validating an asbestos fiber analysis method in lung tissue.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>At the Electron Microscopy Laboratory of ARPA Lombardia, a method using a plasma asher for freeze-dried lung tissue digestion was developed. The analysis is carried out with a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometer. Problems associated with interferences, instrument calibration and resolution, analytical sensitivity, recovery were described in detail. The trueness and precision of the analytical method were evaluated using certified reference materials in accordance with ISO 33403:2024 standard.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>The developed method underwent a rigorous validation process to ensure metrological traceability of the results. Using validated analytical methods with consistent counting rules ensures comparability of data across laboratories while guaranteeing traceable results.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1581910"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporating graphene-modified mica and conductive nickel particles for enhanced corrosion resistance in epoxy zinc-rich coatings.","authors":"Yong Jiang, Haiping Zhang, Hui Zhang, Yuanyuan Shao, Jesse Zhu, Xuliang Jin","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1544762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2025.1544762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epoxy zinc-rich coatings usually require high zinc content to ensure its anti-corrosion performance. However, excessive zinc powder content will reduce the mechanical properties of the coating, increase the economic cost, harm the environment, etc. Therefore, this paper aims to reduce the amount of zinc powder and improve the corrosion performance of epoxy zinc-rich coatings by introducing two kinds of conductive particle materials, conductive graphene-mica powder and conductive nickel. Conductive graphene was first loaded on mica powder and the obtained conductive graphene-mica powder and the conductive nickel were introduced to the epoxy zinc-rich coatings to partially replace zinc component. The anti-corrosion properties of the coating were systematically evaluated by EIS and salt spray test. The resulting epoxy zinc-rich coating with nickel powder or conductive graphene-mica demonstrates outstanding salt spray resistance, lasting up to 2,000 h, exhibiting superior anti-corrosion performance at reduced zinc content of 60% or 45% compared to conventional coatings with 70% pure zinc powder. This study introduces a novel conductive mica material and investigates conductive metal nickel additive, effectively reducing zinc content in epoxy zinc-rich coatings, which offers valuable insights for developing high-performance anti-corrosion coatings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1544762"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modification of biopharmaceutical parameters of flavonoids: a review.","authors":"Amir Taldaev, Artem A Svotin, Semyon I Obukhov, Roman P Terekhov, Irina A Selivanova","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1602967","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1602967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Flavonoids are natural organic compounds that are derivatives of diphenylpropane. This group of polyphenols can be found in multiple natural sources and they exhibit a variety of biological effects. Despite the wide array of beneficial properties, the development of drugs based on these compounds is hindered by their low bioavailability. Although the substantial body of information available on strategies to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of flavonoids, this knowledge remains fragmented. Therefore, the aim of this study was to consolidate and systematize scientific data on methods for increasing the solubility and bioavailability of flavonoid compounds without changing their initial molecular structures. Throughout the investigation, it was determined that the most prevalent methods for increasing solubility and bioavailability include co-crystallization, formation of phospholipid and inclusion complexes, and the creation of nanostructures. Although there were no pronounced differences observed in enhancing solubility, the impact of these methods on pharmacokinetic parameters was established. It was found that the production of inclusion complexes and nanostructures leads to the greatest increase in the area under the pharmacokinetic curve by an average of 4.2 and 3.7 times, respectively. The least effect was noted for phytosomes, where this parameter for the modified forms exceeded the initial value by only 1.7 times. Phospholipid complexes exhibited a longer average half-elimination time than all other modifications, achieving a 2.1-fold increase. For nanostructures and micelles, a substantial increase in maximum concentration of the active substance in blood plasma was observed, reaching an average of 5.4 times for both types of modifications. During the systematization and generalization of the data, a high level of heterogeneity in solubility assessment methods across various studies was revealed, complicating comparisons of original data obtained by different researchers. The findings of this review are crucial for researchers investigating the bioavailability of flavonoid compounds and will facilitate the selection of the most effective methods based on the desired outcomes for solubility and bioavailability.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1602967"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive modelling and ranking: <i>Azadirachta indica</i> compounds through indices and multi-criteria decision-making techniques.","authors":"D S Anuradha, B Jaganathan","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1580267","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1580267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Azadirachta indica</i> (neem) shows medicinal potential against chronic diseases, but clinical translation is challenging. This study aimed to analyze neem compounds using topological indices (TIs) to predict physicochemical properties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Valency-based indices, including Zagreb and atom bond connectivity indices, were used to characterize boiling point, vaporization, enthalpy, mass, and refractivity. Regression analysis and multi-criteria decision-making methods were employed for predictive modeling and compound ranking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistical metrics demonstrated the predictive power of the models. Ranking methods provided a hierarchical ordering of compounds based on therapeutic potential.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study contributes to analogous prediction, optimization, and virtual screening of neem compounds using a cost-effective approach. The findings offer insight into neem compound properties, potentially accelerating drug discovery and development.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1580267"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143975545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proposal of a new chemical marker for the quality control of the herb <i>Scleromitrion diffusum</i>.","authors":"Tao Zheng, Chu-Chu Zhong, Grace Gar-Lee Yue, Dong-Min Jiang, Man-Ho Tong, Hiu-Yan Wong, Kwan-Ho Wong, Meng-Hua Wu, David Tai-Wai Lau, Hui Cao, Pang-Chui Shaw, Clara Bik-San Lau","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1600769","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1600769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Baihuasheshecao (<i>Scleromitrion diffusum</i> (Willd.) R.J. Wang), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, is extensively used as an ingredient in herbal teas and is a well-known folk medicine in China. However, two common adulterants, <i>Hedyotis corymbosa</i> (L.) Lam<i>.</i> and <i>Hedyotis tenelliflora</i> (BL.) Kuntze, belonging to the same family, are frequently mistaken as <i>S. diffusum</i> in folk medicine. This confusion has led to a growing concern about their identification and quality evaluation. While previous studies have demonstrated over 15 various compounds as potential chemical markers for authentication and quality control for <i>S. diffusum</i>, considering the selection criteria for chemical markers in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, most of these compounds do not meet the pharmacopoeial requirements. Hence, this study aims to identify an appropriate chemical marker for <i>S. diffusum</i> based on thin layer chromatography (TLC) identification and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quality control, in order to differentiate from any counterfeits such as <i>H. corymbosa</i> and <i>H. tenelliflora</i>. Our findings suggested for the first time that the compound (<i>E</i>)-6-<i>O</i>-(<i>p</i>-coumaroyl) scandoside methyl ester which is specific to <i>S. diffusum</i>, could serve as the chemical marker. Here, attempt was made to establish standardized protocols for TLC identification, HPLC analysis, and quantitative methodologies, adhering to Chinese pharmacopoeial standards, along with laboratory scale preparation procedures. In conclusion, our findings have provided valuable insights to the identification and quality control processes for <i>S. diffusum</i>, and anticipated with potential applications by the industry and regulatory authority.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1600769"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: New challenges in food packaging materials: advances in chemical safety and development of novel active systems.","authors":"Ana Rodríguez Bernaldo De Quirós, Emmanouil Tsochatzis, Rafał Frański, Antía Lestido-Cardama","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1612840","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1612840","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1612840"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrimination of poisonous and medicinal plants with similar appearance (<i>Asarum heterotropoides</i> vs<i>. Cynanchum paniculatum</i>) via a fusion method of E-nose, E-tongue, LC-HR-Q-TOF-MS/MS, and electrochemical fingerprint spectra.","authors":"Xin-Ru Zhang, Yue-Hua Chen, Jia-Nuo Zhang, Wen-Yu Wang, Rui-Bo Sun, Zi-Xuan Ding, Hui Zhang, Ming Xie, Ting-Guo Kang, Hui-Peng Song","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1578126","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1578126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The similarity in appearance of poisonous and medicinal plants, such as Asarum heterotropoides (AH) and Cynanchum paniculatum (CP), poses safety risks due to frequent confusion. Since AH contains toxic ingredients, the traditional methods of olfactory and gustatory identification cannot be used to distinguish AH from CP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To differentiate them systematically, we proposed a novel strategy based on dual electronic sensors (DES) and dual fingerprint spectra (DFS). The DES included two intelligent sensors, namely the E-nose and E-tongue, which differentiated AH and CP based on odor and taste, respectively. DFS comprised chemical fingerprint spectra obtained through LC-HR-Q-TOF-MS/MS and electrochemical fingerprint spectra derived from the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction, differentiating AH and CP by their specific and overall compositions, respectively. To our knowledge, this was the first time that the E-nose, E-tongue, LC-HR-Q-TOF-MS/MS, and the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction were combined to identify AH and CP.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>With the E-nose, we identified 25 major odor components in AH and 12 odor components in CP in a single run of 140 s. Using the E-tongue, bitterness and astringency were identified as their primary taste differences. Furthermore, 91 compounds in AH and 90 compounds in CP were identified through LC-HR-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Both AH and CP shared nitrogenous compounds, volatile oils, organic acids, and lignans. However, AH uniquely contained coumarins and flavonoids, while CP contained steroidal compounds and saccharides. Notably, AH also possessed distinct toxic components, specifically aristolactam I, aristolochic acid D, and safrole. Based on the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction, we obtained the electrochemical fingerprint spectra of AH and CP, thereby facilitating further distinction between these two herbs. Through the combination of electrochemical fingerprint spectra with principal component analysis (PCA) or orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), the accuracy of this method reached 100%. Through the fusion strategy, the odors, tastes, components, and electrochemical properties of AH and CP have been systematically analyzed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1578126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143961049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in glucose monitoring utilizing oxidase electrochemical biosensors integrating carbon-based nanomaterials and smart enzyme design.","authors":"Guan Guoqiang, Qu Liang, Zhao Yani, Wang Pengyun, Kong Fanzhuo, Zhang Yuyang, Lin Zhiyuan, Ni Xing, Zhang Xue, Lu Qiongya, Zou Bin","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2025.1591302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2025.1591302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glucose oxidase (GOx), as a molecular recognition element of glucose biosensors, has high sensitivity and selectivity advantages. As a type of biosensor, the glucose oxidase electrode exhibits advantages such as ease of operation, high sensitivity, and strong specificity, promising broad application prospects in biomedical science, the food industry, and other fields. In recent years, with the advancement of nanotechnology, research efforts to enhance the performance of GOx biosensors have primarily focused on improving the conductive properties and specific surface area of nanomaterials, while neglecting the potential to modify the structure of the core component, GOx itself, to improve biosensor performance. Rapid modification of the GOx surface through chemical modification techniques yields a new modified enzyme (mGOx). Meanwhile, composite techniques involving carbon nanomaterials can be employed to further enhance sensor performance. This article reviews the construction methods and optimization strategies of glucose oxidase electrodes in recent years, along with research progress in their application in electrochemical sensing for glucose detection, and provides an outlook for future developments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"1591302"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}