Frontiers in Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Multifunctional Cu_2-xSe nanomaterials for cancer theranostics: recent advances, therapeutic mechanisms, and translational challenges.","authors":"Jingchao He, Jiachao Xie, Yunxiao Peng, Haicheng Yu, Lina Chen, Xiaohong Wang, Haibo Sun","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2026.1902573","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2026.1902573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cu_2-xSe has made many breakthroughs in tumor therapy due to its unique advantages. Cu_2-xSe can enhance immunotherapy by multiple mechanisms, such as reshaping the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and triggering immunogenic cell death. Cu_2-xSe possesses a variety of nanozyme-like activities that can disrupt the redox homeostasis of tumor cells and modulate the TME, enabling chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and improving the efficacy of multiple therapeutic modalities. Cu_2-xSe not only acts as a cuproptosis inducer and an autophagy inhibitor, but also induces cell-cycle arrest and impairs mitochondrial function, thereby suppressing tumor proliferation and metastasis. Cu_2-xSe is a multifunctional nanotheranostic agent that not only possesses photoacoustic imaging (PAI) property, but also exhibits excellent thermoelectric catalytic therapy (TECT), photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) functions, making it suitable for combined therapy and imaging-guided therapy. At present, studies on Cu_2-xSe-based tumor therapy have reported a series of encouraging findings that warrant systematic summary and analysis to promote the development of nanomedicine. So far, there is no review article on the applications of Cu_2-xSe in tumor diagnosis and therapy. In this review, we summarize the recent progress and prospects of Cu_2-xSe in cancer diagnosis and therapy, focusing on the breakthroughs of Cu_2-xSe in new strategies for tumor diagnosis and treatment and in solving medical problems. This review intends to offer insights that may accelerate the development of Cu_2-xSe-based nanomedicine for cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"14 ","pages":"1902573"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13640611/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the phytochemical profile, biological activities, and acute toxicity of <i>Cistus ladanifer</i> aerial part extracts: experimental and <i>in silico</i> investigations.","authors":"Fatima Zahra Ayyad, Mouad Lahyaoui, Hajar Lahyaoui, Morad Kaddouri, Mohamed El Yaqoubi, Mouhcine Hayani, Amina Bari, Ahde El Imache, Joe Miantezila Basilua, Abdelaaty A Shahat, Mohammed S Alharbi, Touriya Zair","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2026.1911960","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fchem.2026.1911960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Using both experimental and <i>in silico</i> approaches, this study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition and biological activities of <i>Cistus</i> <i>ladanifer</i> aerial part extracts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cistus ladanifer aerial parts were collected in the Khenifra region, Morocco. Hydroethanolic (Soxhlet) and aqueous (decoction) extracts were prepared. Physicochemical parameters, mineral content (ICP-AES), phytochemical screening, total polyphenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins were determined. HPLC/UV-ESI-MS was used for chemical profiling. Antioxidant activity was assessed by TAC, DPPH, and FRAP assays; antimicrobial activity by MIC and MBC/MFC against bacterial and fungal strains; acute toxicity in mice at 2 g/kg; antihyperglycemic activity by oral glucose tolerance test in rats; and molecular docking against selected antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antihyperglycemic protein targets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Physicochemical analysis of the plant material showed a moisture content of 12.68% ± 0.42%, pH of 4.16 ± 0.05, and ash content of 5.50% ± 0.31%. Mineral analysis revealed essential elements such as Zn, Mn, Fe, and Al. Phytochemical screening confirmed major secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids. The hydroethanolic extract exhibited the highest extraction yield (23.81% ± 0.63%), whereas the aqueous extract (<i>CL2</i>) was richer in total polyphenols (433.89 ± 1.82 mg GAE/g DE), flavonoids (54.13 ± 0.52 mg CE/g DE), and condensed tannins (19.50 ± 0.87 mg CE/g DE). HPLC/UV-ESI-MS analysis revealed the presence of several phenolic compounds, including resveratrol 4'-(6-galloylglucoside), kaempferol, and quercetin 3.4'-diglucoside. <i>CL2</i> exhibited strong antioxidant activity with a total antioxidant capacity of 462.04 ± 0.41 mg EAA/g DE, a DPPH IC50 of 7.06 ± 0.31 μg/mL, and a FRAP EC50 of 10.42 ± 0.83 μg/mL. Antimicrobial assays showed notable inhibitory effects against several microorganisms, particularly <i>Candida</i> <i>kefyr</i> and <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (MIC = 4.69 mg/mL). In addition, <i>CL2</i> demonstrated significant antihyperglycemic activity <i>in vivo</i> and showed no observable signs of toxicity or mortality at an oral dose of 2 g/kg. Molecular docking analysis further reinforced these results by showing favorable interactions of major phytochemicals with target proteins associated with the investigated biological activities.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings highlight <i>C. ladanifer</i> as a potent source of bioactive compounds with promising therapeutic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"14 ","pages":"1911960"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13638642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated AUF-UPLC-MS and fraction-activity correlation to identify COX-2-targeted constituents of Shaoyao Gancao decoction.","authors":"Liping Li, Jun Chi, Hejia Wan, Yadi Hou, Bingjie Ren, Yixiao Li, Liping Dai","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2026.1912431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2026.1912431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shaoyao Gancao Decoction (SGD), a classical multi-ingredient herbal formula, exerts potent anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatoid arthritis effects against rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Existing cellular experiments have proven that SGD can downregulate Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in inflammatory macrophages, implying a potential link between its anti-arthritic efficacy and COX-2 modulation. Nevertheless, its constituents with potential COX-2 binding capacity and corresponding anti-RA material basis are unclear, hindering its pharmaceutical exploitation. In this study, an integrated strategy combining affinity ultrafiltration-UPLC-MS screening, fraction-activity correlation modeling, molecular simulation and <i>in vitro</i> enzyme assays was constructed to characterize COX-2-interacting components from SGD. Nineteen COX-2-binding constituents were captured and characterized, mainly paeoniflorin, glycyrrhizic acid and licorice glycoside B. Derived from Bai Shao (BS) and Zhi Gancao (ZGC), these compounds cover monoterpenoid glycosides, triterpenoid saponins, flavonoids and fatty acids, embodying SGD's multi-component feature. Molecular docking results predicted favorable binding interactions, and molecular dynamics simulations further demonstrated that core monomers could form stable COX-2 binding complexes. These core components stably bound COX-2 via persistent hydrogen bonds. <i>In vitro</i> enzyme tests confirmed paeoniflorin, albiflorin, glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhetinic acid strongly suppressed COX-2 with IC₅₀ of 23.8, 53.2, 54.1 and 58.9 μM, respectively. Among serial gradient eluates (10%-70% gradient) of BS, the 30% ethanol fraction exhibited the most potent COX-2 inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ = 27.63 μg/mL). Further enrichment via 40% ethanol macroporous separation yielded a refined BS fraction with superior activity (IC₅₀ = 23.8 μg/mL). Cell assays on LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages indicated the reconstituted active fraction of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction (SGF) inhibited NO release more effectively than crude SGD extract. This study established a robust workflow coupling target screening, chemical identification, computational validation and active fraction enrichment for complex herbal extracts. This work screened potential COX-2-binding constituents from SGD using analytical chemistry workflows and verified the COX-2-inhibitory potency of four monomers via <i>in-vitro</i> enzyme assays. Prior cellular evidence supports that SGD suppresses COX-2 in LPS-stimulated macrophages, suggesting a link between its anti-inflammatory action and COX-2 modulation. However, systematic <i>in vivo</i> RA animal studies are needed to validate the COX-2-dependent anti-RA mechanism of SGD, which lies outside the analytical scope of the present investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"14 ","pages":"1912431"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13635329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking the biofilm barrier: herbomineral nanocomposites to control <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> through oxidative response and biofilm disruption.","authors":"Monisha Sabapathi, Ranjani Soundhararajan","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2026.1917308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2026.1917308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing prevalence of antibiotic resistance and biofilm-forming dental pathogens necessitates the development of alternative antimicrobial strategies. <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> is an opportunistic pathogen associated with dental biofilms, oral microbial colonization, and implant-related infections, contributing to persistent infections and treatment challenges. In this study, a <i>herbomineral nanocomposite</i> (HMNCs) was fabricated using the traditional Siddha formulation Kalnar Parpam and silver nitrate, and its antibacterial and antibiofilm activities were evaluated against <i>S. epidermidis</i> isolates obtained from dental caries-associated samples. Physicochemical characterization supported the formation of HMNCs. UV-Vis spectroscopy showed a characteristic surface plasmon resonance peak around 400 nm, while FTIR analysis revealed functional groups associated with the mineral matrix and synthesized HMNCs. XRD confirmed the crystalline nature of the material, and FESEM showed clustered nanostructures with particle sizes ranging from 52.8 to 117.9 nm, with an average particle size of 70.15 nm. DLS showed a hydrodynamic diameter of 400.4 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.197, while the zeta potential was -3.7 mV. XPS confirmed the presence of silver on the HMNCs surface, and ICP-OES quantified the total silver content as 0.040 mg/g (40 μg/g). TGA showed an approximately 18% mass loss up to 800 °C, with substantial inorganic residue. HMNCs exhibited antibacterial activity, with MIC values ranging from 0.325 to 1.5 μg/mL and MBC values ranging from 0.325 to 3.125 μg/mL. The MBC/MIC ratios ranged from 1.00 to 2.15 based on the operational MBC endpoint used in this study. Resazurin assays demonstrated concentration-dependent suppression of bacterial metabolic activity. HMNCs exposure was associated with increased DCFDA fluorescence and MDA levels, together with changes in GSH, SOD, and CAT parameters and leakage of intracellular sugars, proteins and nucleic acids. Furthermore, HMNCs inhibited biofilm formation and reduced preformed biofilm biomass, as demonstrated by crystal violet staining, with complementary FESEM and CLSM analyses using the SE4 isolate. Overall, the findings provide preliminary <i>in vitro</i> evidence of the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of HMNCs and support further investigation of this Siddha-inspired nanomaterial for potential oral healthcare applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"14 ","pages":"1917308"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13635162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel bioactive compounds in the treatment of osteoporosis: chemistry-driven discovery from preclinical validation to clinical translation.","authors":"Honghui Fan, Songtao Jin","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2026.1917991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2026.1917991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoporosis affects an estimated 200 million people worldwide. Fragility fractures of the hip, spine, and wrist carry high mortality and impose a heavy socioeconomic burden. Bisphosphonates, denosumab, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), teriparatide, abaloparatide, and the recent sclerostin antibody romosozumab have improved clinical outcomes, but unmet needs remain. Long-term antiresorptive use is complicated by atypical femoral fractures and osteonecrosis of the jaw; denosumab discontinuation causes rebound bone loss; romosozumab carries a cardiovascular caution. Persistence on therapy beyond 1 year is low, and no oral osteoanabolic agent has reached the clinic. Against this background, medicinal chemistry is producing a wave of next-line compounds. These include rationally designed small molecules and peptidomimetics targeting the Wnt pathway, calcium-sensing receptor antagonists (calcilytics) intended to mimic pulsatile parathyroid hormone, refined cathepsin K inhibitors, modulators of activin and myostatin signaling, and bone-targeted nanomedicines. Plant-derived scaffolds with anti-osteoporotic activity, particularly icariin, icaritin, genistein, naringin, resveratrol, curcumin, oleanolic acid, psoralen, and berberine, are being optimized chemically to address poor bioavailability. Senolytic combinations and PROTAC-based degraders represent newer modes of action. This review examines the chemistry behind these compounds, their structure-activity relationships, their preclinical pharmacology, and their progress through clinical evaluation. We pay particular attention to the failures (odanacatib, calcilytics, integrin antagonists, Src inhibitors) as well as the successes, because the lessons from attrition shape the chemistry choices that follow. We attempt to identify those chemistry-led strategies that have most reliably accelerated bench-to-bedside translation in bone disease, and those that have not.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"14 ","pages":"1917991"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13630783/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solid electrolytes for practical all-solid-state lithium batteries: integrating ion transport, interfacial mechanics, and scalable manufacturing.","authors":"Xianzheng Liu, Nashrah Hani Jamadon, Wenlian Li, Tongtong Dong, Yuan Li, Xiujun Yuan","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2026.1964251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2026.1964251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>All-solid-state lithium batteries are increasingly viewed as a route toward safer and higher-energy rechargeable batteries, yet the transition from highly conductive electrolyte materials to practically competitive cells remains difficult. The central challenge is no longer simply to maximize bulk ionic conductivity. Solid electrolytes must simultaneously provide continuous ion-transport pathways, stable electrode contact, limited electronic leakage, sufficient mechanical compliance or fracture resistance, and compatibility with manufacturing processes that produce thin electrolyte layers and high-loading electrodes. This review examines solid electrolytes from this integrated materials-mechanics perspective. Oxide, sulfide, halide, nitride, polymer, and composite electrolytes are compared according to the relationship between transport behavior, chemical stability, mechanical response, interface evolution, and processability. Particular attention is given to contact loss, interphase formation, void generation, lithium penetration, and the role of external stack pressure. Recent progress in low-temperature ceramic processing, fluorinated sulfides and halides, structured composite electrolytes, and advanced polymer electrolytes illustrates how these traditionally coupled limitations can be partly decoupled. Manufacturing strategies including dry processing, thin electrolyte fabrication, melt infiltration, and pressure-efficient cell architectures are further discussed. Finally, practical electrolyte design is proposed to shift from optimizing isolated material properties toward balancing conductivity, thickness, interfacial stability, mechanical reliability, and scalable processing under realistic cell conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"14 ","pages":"1964251"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13632476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visible-light-induced trifluoroacetylation reaction of electron-deficient nitrogen heterocycles.","authors":"Yanshu Li, Jiangzhen An, Qiuren Wei, Huachun Yang, Xi Li, Kai Sun, Zhongyan Cao, Xiaolan Chen, Lingbo Qu, Bing Yu","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2026.1957846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2026.1957846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The direct C-H trifluoroacetylation of electron-deficient nitrogen heterocycles remains a longstanding challenge with conventional reagents, owing to the inherent instability of the trifluoroacetyl radical and its polarity mismatch with electron-deficient substrates. Here, a novel method for the trifluoroacetylation of electron-deficient nitrogen heterocycles has been developed; under visible-light irradiation, the protocol operates without the need for cumbersome substrate pre-functionalization, expensive catalysts, transition metals, or additional additives. This approach enables the efficient trifluoroacetylation of diverse substrates, including pyridine, quinoline, quinoxalinone, chromone, and azauracil, and exhibits broad functional group tolerance and versatility, rendering it highly suitable for the late-stage functionalization of various bioactive molecules. By overcoming the polarity-mismatch limitation, this strategy addresses the longstanding challenge of direct C-H trifluoroacetylation of electron-deficient nitrogen heterocycles and aligns with the principles of sustainable chemistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"14 ","pages":"1957846"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13631061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon dots in cancer therapy: a novel approach to targeted drug delivery and reduced toxicity in gallbladder cancer.","authors":"Mahvish Fatima, Warda Parveen, Norah M Almaneai, Attalla F El-Kott, Mohammed A AlShehri, Waleed Eltantawy, Nosheen Kanwal, Zaheera Saadia","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2026.1899601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2026.1899601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biliary tract cancers (BTCs), including cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder carcinoma, are highly aggressive malignancies associated with poor prognosis, late diagnosis, and limited therapeutic options. Conventional chemotherapy offers only modest survival benefits because of inadequate tumor selectivity, rapid systemic clearance, dose-limiting toxicity, and the emergence of chemoresistance. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as promising nanotheranostic agents owing to their ultrasmall size, tunable photoluminescence, excellent aqueous dispersibility, biocompatibility, and versatile surface chemistry, enabling simultaneous drug delivery, imaging, and phototherapy. This review summarizes the evolution of carbon dots into structurally engineered CQDs and discusses their physicochemical, optical, and biological properties that underpin their biomedical applications. Particular emphasis is placed on recent advances in CQD-based drug delivery, fluorescence bioimaging, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and multifunctional theranostic platforms relevant to BTC management. Although direct studies on CQDs for BTC remain limited, emerging evidence from hepatobiliary and other gastrointestinal cancers highlights their potential to improve targeted drug delivery, tumor imaging, and therapeutic efficacy. The review further identifies critical challenges to clinical translation, including the lack of BTC-specific preclinical models, insufficient pharmacokinetic and long-term biosafety data, and the need for standardized, reproducible CQD synthesis and functionalization protocols. Finally, future research directions are discussed, emphasizing tumor-targeted CQD engineering, multimodal therapeutic strategies, and integration with precision oncology. Collectively, CQDs represent a promising nanoplatform for the development of targeted, image-guided, and minimally invasive approaches for the diagnosis and treatment of biliary tract cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"14 ","pages":"1899601"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13629180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next-generation nanomedicine for cancer therapy: advances, challenges, and future perspectives.","authors":"Biswajit Mohanty, Puja Saikia, Piyush Pandey, Chira R Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2026.1920337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2026.1920337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent times, permeation of nanotechnology to modern medicine has revolutionized transformation, especially in the case of cancer diagnosis and therapy, positioning nanomedicine as a key pillar of next-generation healthcare. Tuning the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles such as size, morphology, and surface charge, enables controlled targeted drug delivery, increased cellular uptake and controlled therapeutic release. Nanomedicine-based platforms can improve certain drawbacks associated with conventional therapies including poor aqueous solubility, unfavorable pharmacokinetics, systemic toxicity and low bioavailability for specific therapeutic agents. While consistent tumor-specific accumulation, intratumoral heterogeneity, drug resistance, and long-term therapeutic outcomes remains challenging and highly formulation- and patient-dependent. This review paper besides, focussing on individual nanocarrier classes or specific therapeutic modalities, also provide an integrated and critical perspective on next-generation nanomedicine by connecting nanocarrier design with tumor-specific accumulation, intracellular trafficking, stimuli-responsive drug release, combination therapy and clinical translation. Recent advances in polymeric, lipid-based, inorganic, biological, and hybrid nanocarriers are systematically discussed, with particular stress on surface engineering, ligand-mediated targeting, multifunctional delivery systems and nanoengineered cancer medicine. The potential of these platforms for elevating therapeutic precision, overcoming biological barriers, multidrug resistance and enabling site-specific delivery is critically studied. In addition, major translational challenges, including large-scale fabrication, reproducibility, long-term safety, regulatory barriers, and nanotoxicological concerns are also addressed. Finally, emerging directions involving personalized nanomedicine, combination therapies, and artificial intelligence-assisted nanoparticle design are highlighted to provide perspectives toward safer, more effective, and patient-concentrated cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"14 ","pages":"1920337"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13627390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active porous ZIF-8 based hybrid catalysts for solvent-free reactions.","authors":"César D Sampaio, Luís Dias, Isabel Santos-Vieira, Eulália Pereira, Luís Cunha-Silva, Fátima Mirante, Salete S Balula","doi":"10.3389/fchem.2026.1894924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2026.1894924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hybrid heterogeneous polymeric catalysts were prepared by distinct methodologies to evaluate their catalytic ability, stability and recycling capacity to promote the ring-opening reaction of styrene oxide with aniline resulting as main product the 2-Amino-1,2-diphenylethanol. These composites were based on porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), specifically the zinc-based ZIF-8, activated catalytically by the incorporation of Keggin-type phosphomolybdic acid (PMo₁₂). The resulting composite denoted as PMo₁₂@ZIF-8 was prepared via impregnation and <i>in-situ</i> methods (PMo₁₂ loadings of 0.149 and 0.194 mmol/g were obtained via <i>in-situ</i> and impregnation procedures). Both materials were characterized by FTIR-ATR, PXRD, SEM, EDS, and ICP-OES. The catalytic performance evaluation revealed that both composites exhibited high conversion rates under a sustainable solvent-free system (98% of conversion was achieved after 24 h), and high selectivity toward 2-Amino-1,2-diphenylethanol, along with notable robustness and recyclability.</p>","PeriodicalId":12421,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Chemistry","volume":"14 ","pages":"1894924"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13627323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}