Forest Ecology and Management最新文献

{"title":"Identification of damage severity in Fraxinus excelsior L. trees caused by ash dieback using multisensory and multitemporal UAV imagery","authors":"Lisa Buchner,&nbsp;Anna-Katharina Eisen,&nbsp;Susanne Jochner-Oette","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The extended spread of ash dieback in Europe has far-reaching consequences for <em>Fraxinus excelsior</em> L. populations. The progression of the disease leads to characteristic symptoms, particularly within the tree crowns. To date, assessing the damage severity of each individual tree typically requires in-field inspections. However, UAVs equipped with RGB, thermal, and multispectral sensors offer cost-effective and objective possibilities. This study relied on such analyses and focused on two ash seed orchards in Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany, where visual inspections were compared with multisensorial data obtained in spring, summer and autumn of 2022 and 2023. The calculated RGB and multispectral vegetation indices were able to significantly discriminate between different degrees of damage due to ash dieback; in contrast, thermal data were less reliable and linked to different dynamics. Novel thresholds applied to the vegetation indices enabled a classification of mild and severe damage with an overall accuracy of 74.9 % for the multispectral index DVI (Difference Vegetation Index) and 73.0 % for the RGB index GRVI (Green-Red Vegetation Index). Combining RGB and multispectral indices further improved the overall accuracy to 77.2 %. The presented workflow offers forest practitioners an accessible toolset for evaluating the health status of ash populations affected by ash dieback.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 122660"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon allocation to roots of suppressed Norway spruce increases immediately after selection harvest","authors":"Aleksi Lehtonen ,&nbsp;Juha Heikkinen ,&nbsp;Chainey A. Boroski ,&nbsp;Olli-Pekka Tikkasalo ,&nbsp;Katja T. Rinne-Garmston ,&nbsp;Elina Sahlstedt ,&nbsp;Mika Korkiakoski ,&nbsp;Anna Kärkönen ,&nbsp;Anna Lintunen ,&nbsp;Harri Mäkinen ,&nbsp;Mikko Peltoniemi ,&nbsp;Gonzalo de Quesada ,&nbsp;Yann Salmon ,&nbsp;Giles Young ,&nbsp;Raisa Mäkipää ,&nbsp;Ram Oren","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selection harvesting in fertile, drained peatlands is an alternative for even-aged forestry, where clearcutting takes place at the end of each rotation period. Avoiding clear-cuts has been promoted due to reducing negative externalities, like nutrient loading to waterways and significant greenhouse gas emissions after harvesting. Our aim was to understand the responses of suppressed Norway spruce trees to selection harvesting. We analysed biomass accumulation and priorities of carbon allocation to stems, proximal roots and distal roots. We quantified carbon isotope composition (δ¹³C) and cross-sectional growth of proximal (supporting) roots and distal (water and nutrient transportation) roots. The study took place in a drained, fertile boreal peatland site in southern Finland, where a selection harvest was conducted in 2016, while an area as a control was left untouched. Our results show that suppressed Norway spruce trees increased their cross-sectional growth of proximal roots and distal roots twice as much as that of the stem during the first five years after the selection harvest. The timing and magnitude of carbon allocation to proximal roots and distal roots were immediate and equal, underlining the fact that trees were investing in mechanical support and nutrient and water uptake. These results show that the climate benefits of selection harvest were not delayed. Instead of immediate growth of stems, we found immediate growth of roots.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 122645"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural regeneration 18 years after experimental silvicultural treatments in Canadian boreal forests","authors":"Sanghyun Kim ,&nbsp;Yves Bergeron ,&nbsp;Patricia Raymond ,&nbsp;Nelson Thiffault ,&nbsp;Miguel Montoro Girona","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Canada, clearcutting is the most widely used silvicultural system in boreal forests despite potential impacts on forest simplification and biodiversity loss. Retaining mature trees is suggested to maintain stand structure and biodiversity, especially for promoting the regeneration of shade-tolerant species. Partial harvesting is considered a promising alternative to the clearcutting system as a means of integrating ecological, economic, and social objectives into silvicultural planning; however, this approach must be developed for use in natural boreal forests. Here, we evaluate the effects of silvicultural treatments on natural regeneration in stands of natural even-aged mature black spruce (<em>Picea mariana</em> (Mill.) B.S.P.), 18 years after cutting. In 2003, in the Saguenay and North Shore regions of Quebec, an experimental design of fully randomized blocks was established across six sites, each containing two forest stand types (younger and older stands) and six silvicultural treatments. In 1 512 microplots, we categorized all tree seedlings by species and height class and assessed a dominant seedling for growth-related variables, and microenvironment. We found that 18 years after treatment, mini-strip shelterwood harvesting produced the highest black spruce seedling density (39 765 seedlings/ha). In contrast, clearcutting produced a seedling density that was three times lower than uniform shelterwood harvesting but demonstrated a twofold increase in seedling terminal shoot length growth. Mineral soil, spot scarification, moss cover with <em>Polytrichum</em> spp., and distance from residual strips positively correlated with black spruce seedling density. Our study highlights the potential of shelterwood systems as a silvicultural alternative to clearcutting for promoting black spruce regeneration in Canadian boreal forests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 122655"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term storage does not affect the genetic diversity of pedunculate oak acorns; instead, the collection process is crucial","authors":"Weronika Barbara Żukowska,&nbsp;Mikołaj Krzysztof Wawrzyniak,&nbsp;Andrzej Lewandowski,&nbsp;Jan Suszka,&nbsp;Paweł Chmielarz","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pedunculate oak (<em>Quercus robur</em> L.) has high economic and ecological value. Unfortunately, irregular intervals of fruiting of this tree species make it sometimes necessary to store seeds as a safeguard against years of poor yields despite the related difficulties. In this study, we addressed the problem of potential changes in the gene pool richness of long-term stored acorns. Our study was conducted for two pedunculate oak seed stands in the south of Poland. Acorns from Niepołomice were stored for 53 months, whereas acorns from Kobiór were stored for 28 months. We analyzed the genetic variation of seedlings grown from acorns before and after storage. Additionally, we compared these results with the gene pools of the source forest stands and of natural regenerations from both locations. As far as we know, this is the first report about changes in the gene pools of long-term stored acorns in relation to the gene pools of their corresponding source stands and natural regenerations. We found that genetic variation was high and comparable across all study groups. We noted only slight changes in the gene pools after long-term storage, which were more pronounced in Kobiór. Our results indicated that the gene pools of acorns were not representative of their corresponding source stands. We conclude that the seeds collection has a significantly greater impact on the gene pool of future planting material than the storage itself. Therefore, there is no evidence to discourage the use of long-term stored acorns for planting purposes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 122664"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National-scale calibrated GEDI AGBD models for effective assessment of growth conditions across forest strata","authors":"Hantao Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoxuan Li ,&nbsp;Tomomichi Kato ,&nbsp;Shinya Inukai ,&nbsp;Takuya Hiroshima","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forests play a critical role in global carbon storage, biodiversity conservation, and climate change mitigation. Japan, with 67 % of its land area covered by forests, is one of the world's most forested nations. NASA’s Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) mission has widely been demonstrated to accurately estimate aboveground biomass density (AGBD). GEDI relative height metrics (RHs), derived from vertical energy distributions, serve as key predictors for AGBD estimation while capturing the variability in the vertical structure of the observed area. This study collected widely distributed co-located airborne laser scanning and field measurement data across Japan. Using the GEDI simulator, noise-free simulated GEDI waveform data were generated to train the AGBD models for different forest strata, including canopy-level AGBD and total AGBD, as well as for various forest types, including needleleaf, broadleaf, and their combinations. All GEDI L2A data collected between 2019 and 2023 were processed and aggregated to generate a nationwide map of AGBD for Japanese forests at a spatial resolution of 0.01° (approximately 1.1 km in latitude and 0.90 km in longitude at Tokyo). The results showed strong agreement with Japan's 4th National Forest Inventory (NFI), with national-scale AGBD estimates averaging 195.81 Mg/ha, compared to 197.66 Mg/ha from the NFI. This consistency was also evident across different forest types: for needleleaf forests, our estimate of 213.02 Mg/ha closely matched the NFI value of 216.21 Mg/ha, while for broadleaf forests, our estimate of 185.43 Mg/ha was in close agreement with the NFI estimate of 180.31 Mg/ha. The mean canopy-level AGBD and under-canopy AGBD were estimated at 150.11 Mg/ha and 45.70 Mg/ha, respectively, with under-canopy AGBD accounting for 25.33 % of the total AGBD. Our results demonstrate that GEDI can accurately capture AGBD across different forest strata, emphasizing the potential of GEDI RHs for estimating vertical forest structures. This study underscores the importance of quantifying forest carbon stocks, which is critical for biodiversity conservation and sustainable forest management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 122657"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-species habitat suitability models to enhance oak species regeneration in the lower mississippi alluvial valley","authors":"Segun M. Adeyemo ,&nbsp;Joshua J. Granger ,&nbsp;Ashley N. Schulz ,&nbsp;Krishna P. Poudel ,&nbsp;Yun Yang ,&nbsp;Qian Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding species-habitat relationships is critical for successful conservation and restoration of ecologically important tree species. Bottomland hardwood forests in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley (LMAV) are diverse ecosystems that continue to be threatened by changing flooding regimes and higher temperatures due to global climate change. Restoration of native oak species in these ecosystems is essential but challenging given the complex and changing environmental conditions within the region. This study aimed to identify: (1) suitable habitat and ecoregions for eight oak species in the LMAV, and (2) the key habitat drivers that influence the distribution of oak species in the region. We modeled the habitat suitability and ecological niches of eight native oak species in the LMAV using an ensemble approach. Habitat suitability models, validated with Forest Inventory and Analysis data, identified substantial suitable areas for Nuttall's oak (<em>Quercus texana</em>), cherrybark oak (<em>Quercus pagoda</em>), white oak (<em>Quercus alba</em>), and other oaks. However, suitable habitat was reduced compared to historical levels. Niche overlap analysis revealed similarities among species at the ecosystem level but niche differentiation within ecoregions. Summer temperature, isothermality, flooding frequency, and soil pH emerged as key drivers of oak species distributions. Response curves highlighted potential vulnerabilities to climate change. Our findings emphasize the need for adaptive, ecoregion-specific restoration strategies and the integration of oak restoration into climate mitigation efforts. This study provides a robust foundation for guiding oak conservation and management in the LMAV and underscores the importance of considering species-habitat relationships, niche differentiation, and anthropogenic pressures in restoration planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 122658"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Evaluating terrestrial laser scanning for structural characterization of Mangrove forests in Southeastern Brazil” [For. Ecol. Manag. 583 (2025) 1–10]","authors":"Tatiane C. Matta ,&nbsp;Lucas Silva Pereira ,&nbsp;Yasmin C.B. Belmonte ,&nbsp;Filipe de Oliveira Chaves ,&nbsp;Mário Luiz Gomes Soares","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122676","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122676","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 122676"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exotic plant responses to large-scale commercial logging in ponderosa pine forests of the Black Hills National Forest, South Dakota, USA","authors":"Jack L. Butler ,&nbsp;Stefanie D. Wacker ,&nbsp;Jacqueline P. Ott ,&nbsp;Scott Baggett ,&nbsp;Michael A. Battaglia","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current and long-term historic commercial logging in the Black Hills National Forest provided a cost-effective opportunity to investigate exotic plant responses to a wide range of thinning intensities on a large scale. We asked two questions. First, after over 125 years of post-settlement commercial logging, what role does the pre-harvest exotic plant community play in post-harvest responses to logging. Second, how does a broad range of harvest intensities influence exotic plant responses on a large spatial scale. We averaged exotic species relative cover and relative richness to create a synthetic pre-harvest Exotic Vegetation Index (EVI) that was used as one of 15 predictor variables. The response variable was the difference between the pre-harvest and post-harvest EVI. We evaluated plots in ten widely scattered timber sales at pre-harvest and 1-, 2-, 3-, and 7-years post-harvest. In individual plots where the pre-harvest EVI was greater than 20 %, post-harvest exotic species responses were highly variable that, when averaged, the difference in EVI between pre-harvest and 7-years post-harvest was zero. In plots where the pre-harvest EVI was <u>&lt;</u> 20 %, the difference in EVI between pre-harvest and 7-years post-harvest was significantly and positively correlated with harvest intensity (<em>r</em> = 0.65, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Plots with the highest levels of harvest intensity showed the greatest increases above pre-harvest values, which included several noxious weed species. In contrast, plots with the lowest levels of harvest intensity showed low levels of exotic increases with some plots exhibiting reductions in EVI below pre-harvest levels at 7-years post-harvest.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 122652"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery of south-eastern Australian temperate forest carbon is influenced by post-fire drought as well as fire severity","authors":"Liubov Volkova ,&nbsp;Keryn I. Paul ,&nbsp;Stephen H. Roxburgh ,&nbsp;Christopher J. Weston","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During 2017–2019 south-eastern Australia experienced intense drought that threatened and damaged ecosystems and helped enable the Black Summer wildfires of 2019–2020. These wildfires burnt through about 7 M ha of mainly temperate <em>Eucalyptus</em> forests, releasing the equivalent of Australia's total net annual greenhouse gas emissions. For the state of Victoria, these fires burnt through about 1 M ha of highly productive forests, where 50 % of the area was burnt with high to extreme wildfire severity. This study reports the recovery of <em>Eucalyptus sieberi</em> dominated forests three years after the Black Summer wildfires, and five years after prescribed burn applied in May 2018, during the drought. Wildfire affected sites were burnt with high and low-to-moderate severity, while previously prescribed burnt sites were burnt at low-to-moderate severity and were not reburnt in the 2020 wildfires. For wildfire affected sites, 30 % of small diameter trees (10–20 cm) continued to die three years after fires, irrespective of fire severity. Three years after wildfire, live tree carbon reached 92 % of pre-fire level for low-to-moderate severity sites and 76 % for high severity sites, indicating longer recovery with more severe wildfire. For prescribed burnt sites, tree mortality significantly increased two years after the burn and the number of live trees thereafter remained stable to five years post fire. This trend was reflected in the non-recovery of live tree carbon reaching only 95 % of pre-fire level five years after the burn. Recruitment of new <em>Eucalyptus</em> seedlings was observed in sites burnt in wildfire regardless of fire severity (900 ± 316 trees ha⁻¹), but not in prescribed burnt sites. This was possibly driven by the differences in rainfall after fires, rather than fire type. For other forest carbon pools such as surface litter and CWD, recovery to pre-fire levels was observed within six months after fires. Moreover, for low-to-moderate severity burnt sites litter loads had doubled pre-fire mass three years after fire and continued to increase five years post fire.</div><div>Results from this study suggest that both fire severity and post-fire weather conditions play an important role in determining the rate of forest aboveground carbon recovery. Our findings indicate that as fire severity increases, the time required for recovery of live tree carbon to pre-fire level is longer. Even low impact prescribed burns during prolonged drought can lead to ongoing mortality that reduces the rate of carbon recovery. These observations indicate that increases in fire occurrence and severity associated with climate change can reduce the carbon carrying capacity of these highly productive temperate forests. The implication of this work is that the presumed recovery of aboveground carbon in forests following fires may be over-estimated or might not occur at all.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 122666"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To log or not to log: Salvaging bark-beetle affected spruce stands results in direct losses of leaf litter C, stable topsoil C stocks, and shifts in enzyme stoichiometry","authors":"Martin Valtera ,&nbsp;Ladislav Holík ,&nbsp;Jiří Volánek ,&nbsp;Boris Rewald","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disturbances by bark beetles and subsequent salvage logging affect forest carbon (C) stocks. Although deadwood retention is recognised to maintain soil organic C (SOC), the effects of standing deadwood vs. salvage logging on soil properties are poorly understood. This study examines C stocks and soil biochemistry at 21 low-elevation Norway spruce forests 1–3 years after disturbance in the Czech Republic. One third of the stands served as undisturbed control, one third remained dead standing, and one third was salvage logged. The litter C stocks of salvaged plots were immediately reduced to 2.8 ± 0.8 Mg C ha⁻¹, whereas the litter and topsoil C stocks of dead standing plots decrease from 26.8 and 43.8 Mg C ha⁻¹ to 4.4 and 24.9 Mg C ha⁻¹, respectively, over the first three years. Consequently, the topsoil C stocks were ∼24 % lower at the dead than those of the salvaged plots. NH₄-N contents increased two- to three-fold following dieback but decreased to the level of control within the third year. Extracellular enzyme stoichiometry indicated lower organic topsoil C and P microbial limitations at salvaged plots. Our results highlight the rapid dynamics of SOC pools following spruce forest dieback and a marked redistribution of SOC towards topsoil layers when salvaged. Thus, the incorporation of harvest residues and/or changes in soil microbial processes prevented a significant decrease in SOC stocks due to logging. Although deadwood retained higher ecosystem C stocks at the unlogged plots, detailed data on SOC dynamics are required for managing forests to maximise C stocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 122654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}