Forest Ecology and Management最新文献

{"title":"Improved allometry and heartwood development of Sequoia sempervirens in secondary forests","authors":"Stephen C. Sillett ,&nbsp;Alana R. Chin ,&nbsp;Allyson L. Carroll ,&nbsp;Mark E. Graham ,&nbsp;Marie E. Antoine","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heartwood is the majority of a tall tree’s biomass, and durability of this material is a major contributor to longevity. Toxins deposited during heartwood formation (extractives) are largely responsible for its durability and can be quantified by chemical extractions and well-replicated comparisons of sapwood and heartwood densities. Using the latter approach, we explore variation in heartwood attributes of the tallest species, <em>Sequoia sempervirens</em>, in secondary forests regenerating post logging in California. After climbing, measuring, and core-sampling 77 dominant trees (96–202 yr old, 56–87 m tall, 6–37 Mg biomass) in 18 locations distributed from northern rainforests to warmer, drier, and less foggy margins of the species range in California, we combine improved allometry with dendrochronology to reconstruct tree sizes for developmental analysis. Northern trees have the lowest wood densities, highest wood volume increment, fastest increase in the heartwood proportion of wood volume increment, highest growth efficiency (biomass produced per unit leaf mass), and lowest extractive proportion of heartwood increment, whereas marginal trees are at the opposite extreme and central trees are intermediate in all these metrics. In the climatically distinct and fire-prone canyons of the marginal range, higher density and extractive content of heartwood contribute to long-term carbon sequestration and persistence of <em>Sequoia</em>-dominated vegetation. Allowing <em>Sequoia</em> to reach great height may be the best way to improve carbon sequestration in the core range, where heartwood extractive content and decay resistance are lower in secondary forests than primary (old-growth) forests. Biophysical constraints on turgor pressure in lofty crowns may limit sapwood production and promote heartwood deposition throughout the trunk, explaining why tall trees in primary forests have higher heartwood extractive content than much shorter trees in nearby secondary forests. Understanding the causes of regional variation in heartwood attributes requires further study, including outside California where <em>Sequoia</em> is widely planted for its extraordinary values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 122926"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a three-year warming on the growth and nutritional status of the young generation of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) in the Western Carpathians","authors":"Dawid Kupka ,&nbsp;Daryna Pasichnyk ,&nbsp;Kaiwen Pan ,&nbsp;Piotr Gruba","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate warming significantly affects forest ecosystems, altering site conditions and threatening main forest-forming species. Norway spruce (<em>Picea abies</em> (L.) H.Karst) stands in the Central Europe are declining due to climate change, necessitating alternative silvicultural strategies. Silver fir (<em>Abies alba</em> Mill.), shade-tolerant species with the potential to form multi-storey stands, has been proposed as a potential replacement. However, its response to warming in spruce-dominated stands remains unclear. This study presents results from a three-year in situ climate experiment in the Western Carpathians, where soil warming of 0.5 °C simulated future climate conditions. Dendroclimatic and biogeochemical approaches were used to assess the effects of warming on the growth and nutrient status of young silver fir trees, growing as a young generation in a decaying spruce stand. Results indicate that while initial height and diameter growth were not significantly affected by warming, a declining growth trend emerged after three years, suggesting that temperature conditions exceeded the species' optimal range. Furthermore, warming reduced main macro- and micronutrient concentrations in fir needles, especially calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn), which are essential for physiological processes and stress resistance. Stoichiometric analyses revealed shifts in carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and P ratios, indicating possible nutrient imbalances. The results highlight the vulnerability of young fir trees to warming and suggest that future forest adaptation strategies must consider both physiological responses and site conditions. Long-term studies are needed to determine the sustainability of silver fir as a replacement species in mountain ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"594 ","pages":"Article 122924"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of potential suitable areas and their trends for Picea worldwide under climate change","authors":"Yanchao Yuan ,&nbsp;Wenfa Xiao ,&nbsp;Yifu Liu ,&nbsp;Yufeng Guo ,&nbsp;Zhiyong Wang ,&nbsp;Junhui Wang ,&nbsp;Zirui Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122933","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Potentially suitable areas for &lt;em&gt;Picea&lt;/em&gt; under climate change and the relationship with climate change were investigated to provide an introduction and foundation for conservation. By collecting extant distribution point data for 34 &lt;em&gt;Picea&lt;/em&gt; species and 19 environmental variables from WorldClim, potentially suitable areas were simulated via the improved MaxEnt model during the modern period (1960–1990), and Last Interglacial (LIG), Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), Mid-Holocene (MH), future periods (2050s and 2070s) across two climate emission scenarios (RCP6.0 and RCP8.5). The MaxEnt model results exhibited high simulation accuracy, and the predicted suitable areas conformed with real growth and distribution patterns. The annual mean temperature (BIO17) and precipitation of the driest quarter (BIO01) were the primary climate factors influencing &lt;em&gt;Picea&lt;/em&gt; dispersion. The total suitable area during the LIG period was 7.43 × 10&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;km², which represents 93.34 % of the current total suitable area. The total suitable area during the LGM represents 76.31 % of the current total suitable area. The total suitable area during the MH represents 96.11 % of the current total suitable area. Under future climate scenarios, the total potentially suitable area exhibited a marginal increase of less than 3 %, while the highly suitable area experienced substantial reductions. Specifically, under RCP6.0, the highly suitable area decreased by 11.65 % and 13.60 % compared to current conditions. The most pronounced declines occurred under RCP8.5, with highly suitable area shrinking by 15.46 % and 20.41 % in the 2050 s and 2070 s, respectively, compared with that under the current scenario. Under future scenarios and among the 31 &lt;em&gt;Picea&lt;/em&gt; species, the total suitable area for 22 species indicated a decreasing trend with the greatest decrease under the RCP8.5 scenario. Species with the largest total suitable areas were &lt;em&gt;Picea obovata&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Picea glauca&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Picea mariana&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;Picea abies&lt;/em&gt;, which all exceeded 1.00 × 10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;km². Under future climate scenarios, &lt;em&gt;Picea abies&lt;/em&gt; showed an increasing trend, whereas the other three species exhibited decreasing trends. The total suitable areas for &lt;em&gt;Picea breweriana&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Picea morrisonicola&lt;/em&gt; were the smallest (less than 1.00 × 10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;km²), and they showed decreasing trends. The main climate factors influencing &lt;em&gt;Picea&lt;/em&gt; distribution were BIO17 and BIO01 with precipitation impacting the distribution more than the temperature. The total suitable area for &lt;em&gt;Picea&lt;/em&gt; first decreased and then increased from past to present. The total suitable area was smallest during the LGM. The total suitable area under future scenarios exceeded the current total suitable area, but the observed trend shows minimal significance with an increase of less than 3 %. The projected highly suitable area was smaller than the current extent. The highly suitable","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"594 ","pages":"Article 122933"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: The impact of the Russian invasion and war on Ukrainian forests","authors":"Brian Milakovsky,&nbsp;Sergiy V. Zibtsev,&nbsp;Mark S. Ashton,&nbsp;Sara Kuebbing","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122916","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 122916"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"C, N and P dynamics during litter decomposition in pure and mixed beech – conifer stands: Effects of litter species, site conditions and native vs non-native conifer species","authors":"Thalea Stuckenberg ,&nbsp;Jing-Zhong Lu ,&nbsp;Stefan Scheu","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The plantation of mixed forests including non-native tree species is increasing but its impacts on litter decomposition and nutrient cycling remains little studied across different site conditions. Using litterbags with European beech leaves, Norway spruce or Douglas-fir needles, we investigated litter decomposition processes in monocultures and mixed forests of European beech, Norway spruce and Douglas-fir at nutrient-rich and nutrient-poor sites. Decomposition of each litter species declined in a close to linear way throughout 36 months of exposure, with decomposition of beech leaves being slowest. This was likely driven by low initial nitrogen concentration of beech leaves as reflected by strong and long-lasting accumulation of nitrogen which was more pronounced at nutrient-poor sites. Irrespective of litter species, decomposition was slowest in Norway spruce monocultures, with patterns in mixed forests being generally intermediate between those in respective monocultures. Although mechanisms responsible for slow litter decomposition in Norway spruce monocultures remain unclear, the results show that detrimental effects of Norway spruce monocultures can be mitigated by admixture of European beech. The relatively slow decomposition of beech leaves highlights the predominant role of initial litter nutrient concentrations in driving litter decomposition. The slow decomposition of litter in spruce forests highlights that specific environmental conditions in forest stands may strongly modify litter decomposition, with these modifications being similar across litter species. These findings emphasize the importance of understanding how, by shaping the environment, single tree species influence ecosystem functions such as litter decomposition and nutrient cycling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"594 ","pages":"Article 122929"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of salvage logging on the soil microclimate of temperate European forests following Norway spruce dieback","authors":"Tomáš Vichta ,&nbsp;Jiří Volánek ,&nbsp;Aleš Kučera ,&nbsp;Ladislav Holík ,&nbsp;Pavel Samec ,&nbsp;Martin Valtera ,&nbsp;Aleš Bajer ,&nbsp;Marie Balková","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In most managed forests, salvage logging is a common method of regaining forest natural and economic capital following disturbances. Nevertheless, trade-offs between management objectives and the ecological impacts of salvage logging can influence other forest restoration decisions. Following an episode of Norway spruce (<em>Picea abies</em>) dieback in 2018, we monitored soil temperature and soil water content, both key soil microclimate variables, to assess the impact of three commonly used post-disturbance treatments: immediate salvage logging (&lt; 2 years), delayed salvage logging (3–4 years), and no salvage logging. Immediate logging had the greatest negative impact on soil temperature variables, with maximum daytime soil temperatures increasing by up to 3.5°C in the topsoil (10 cm) and diurnal temperature variation rising by up to 1.9°C. Increases were also evident in the subsoil layers (30 and 60 cm). Prolonging the time between disturbance and logging, however, mitigated these negative effects on soil temperature stability, providing soil microclimate readings similar to those at sites with no salvage logging and/or pre-disturbance conditions. In addition, delaying salvage logging, or opting for no salvage logging, resulted in an 8–11 % increase in soil water content compared to the control. These findings suggest that postponing salvage logging by approximately 3–4 years significantly reduces negative ecological impacts on soil microclimate and enhances the resilience of temperate forests in the face of potential large-scale disturbances under climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 122922"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts on the health of large trees in Brazilian semi-deciduous seasonal forest","authors":"Juliana Deganello Vieira ,&nbsp;Jéssica Oliveira Araujo ,&nbsp;José Marcelo Domingues Torezan","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large trees (LTs; diameter ≥ 50 cm) play unique ecological roles. They significantly contribute to the maintenance of forest carbon stocks, hydrological regime, nutrient cycling, and are important sources of resources for wildlife. LTs exhibit increased vulnerability to forest fragmentation, with a considerable rise in mortality rates. Therefore, investigating the health status of these individuals is important for forecasting and preventing potential collapses. In this study, we investigate the health of LTs in forest fragments of different sizes (34–690 ha) and disturbance history. The analyses were conducted in permanent plots located in six fragments of the Semi-Deciduous Seasonal Atlantic Forest in northern Paraná State, Brazil. Trees were assessed using 11 health indicators condensed into a Health Threat Index (HTI). Out of the 62 trees assessed, 60 showed signs of health threats, with the most frequent indicators being the presence of lianas tangled in the crowns and stems, as well as partial crown death. Furthermore, a trend of reduced health in LTs was observed in smaller fragments. However, this pattern may also reflect differences in disturbance history, such as selective logging, which likely increases liana colonization. Our results highlight the importance of preserving large and well-conserved forest fragments for maintaining LTs health while emphasizing the need to account for additional factors, such as forest management practices. Therefore, the preservation of large mature forest fragments, along with monitoring and implementing effective management strategies for LTs, is of utmost importance for maintaining the structure and functioning of forest ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 122921"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of stump treatment as a preventive control method against Heterobasidion root rot in forestry","authors":"Werna Wahlman,&nbsp;Juha Honkaniemi,&nbsp;Eeva Terhonen","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heterobasidion root rot is the primary pathogen threatening forest health and causing significant economic losses in temperate and boreal coniferous forests. Once established, there is no fully effective method to eradicate the infection. However, applying stump treatment during harvesting can prevent new spore infections in healthy stands, as newly created stumps serve as ideal entry points for primary infections. Additionally, climate change is altering the period during which spores are produced, thereby affecting the timing and necessity of stump treatment. Three main substances currently available for stump treatments are urea, borates, and living saprophytic fungi <em>Phlebiopsis gigantea</em> (Fr.) Jülich. Although the use of urea and borates is restricted in many countries, we argue they remain essential piece in the toolkit for enhanced forest health, especially as rising temperatures associated with climate change may reduce the efficacy of living organisms like <em>P. gigantea</em>. This mini-review summarizes and critically evaluates the different stump treatment methods used against <em>Heterobasidion</em> species, with a particular focus on their application in the boreal region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 122927"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does aridity modulate species mixing effects on growth response to drought in pine-oak forests in Mediterranean mountains?","authors":"Carmen Ureña-Lara ,&nbsp;M. Esther Pérez-Corona ,&nbsp;Veronica Cruz-Alonso ,&nbsp;Asier Herrero ,&nbsp;Enrique Andivia","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122905","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forest management faces important challenges for the adaptation of Mediterranean ecosystems to more frequent and severe extreme droughts. Tree species mixing is seen as a key strategy to enhance long-term forest resilience. However, the evidence of positive effects on tree response to droughts is limited and context dependent. Here, we analyzed whether the effect of species mixing on tree growth response to extreme drought events was modulated by site aridity and drought intensity. For this, we selected mixed and monospecific stands of <em>Quercus pyrenaica</em> Willd. and <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L. along an environmental gradient in mountains in central Spain and quantified growth stability to extreme droughts using dendrochronological methods. Oaks showed greater growth resilience and recovery in mixed than in monospecific stands, while pines showed greater resistance but lower recovery. The effect of species mixing was not related to site aridity, yet we found a trend toward more positive effects of admixture on pine resistance to drought in more arid sites. Both species showed a strong trade-off between resistance and recovery, but recovery cannot compensate for low resistance in pines pointing to the importance of ameliorating drought impacts. Our results emphasize that diversifying monospecific stands with functionally different species can enhance growth stability in drought prone forests. This study can also help forest managers to prioritize areas where diversifying monospecific stands could generate more positive outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 122905"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canopy cover and forest management shape vertebrate scavenger assembly but not carrion removal rates","authors":"Marit L. Hertlein ,&nbsp;Max Müller ,&nbsp;Christian Ammer ,&nbsp;Peter Schall ,&nbsp;Sebastian Seibold ,&nbsp;Matthias-Claudio Loretto","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carrion decomposition is a key process in nutrient cycling and ecosystem functioning, driven by microorganisms, necrophagous insects, and vertebrate scavengers. The rate of decomposition is influenced by various factors, including environmental conditions, carcass characteristics, and scavenger assembly. In forests, canopy cover and structure shape microclimatic conditions and habitat features, yet little is known about how these characteristics affect carrion decomposition by vertebrate scavengers. As forest disturbances increasingly open up canopies, understanding the impact of canopy cover on carrion decomposition becomes essential. We investigated removal rates of small carrion at paired gap and closed-forest plots along a gradient of forest-management intensity in three regions in Germany, using camera traps to monitor vertebrate scavengers. Of 89 rat carcasses, 67 were removed by vertebrates. Initial removal rates were higher in gaps than in closed forests and at plots with higher forest-management intensity. However, over the full exposure time, removal rates were similar across all treatments. Differences in temporal patterns of carrion removal were linked to shifts in scavenger dominance, with red kite (<em>Milvus milvus</em>) prevalent in gaps and red fox (<em>Vulpes vulpes</em>) in closed forest. Our findings indicate that forest management and changes in canopy cover, such as those caused by disturbances, have little impact on carrion removal rates. Vertebrate scavenger assembly however differed between open and closed forests, which suggests functional redundancy among scavengers but that it is important that carrion resources are available for scavengers both in gaps and closed forests to promote overall biodiversity and maintain their ecosystem functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"593 ","pages":"Article 122920"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}