Forest Ecology and Management最新文献

{"title":"Land-use change to eucalypt plantations decreases taxonomic and functional diversity of bird communities","authors":"Ricardo S. Ceia ,&nbsp;Pedro B. Lopes ,&nbsp;Nuno Faria ,&nbsp;Luís P. da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global expansion of eucalypt plantations raises concerns over their ecological impacts, particularly on bird communities. We evaluated how land-use change to eucalypt plantations affects taxonomic and functional diversity of birds, comparing plantations with shrublands (directly replaced), agricultural lands (alternative land use), and natural forests (potential native vegetation) in central Portugal. We also assessed how habitat heterogeneity within plantations, defined by vegetation structure, composition, and landscape context, shapes bird community assembly. Taxonomic diversity was measured using species richness and Shannon’s equitability, while functional diversity was quantified via functional richness, evenness, divergence, and dispersion. Eucalypt plantations had the lowest species richness and functional richness, shrublands were intermediate, and agricultural lands and natural forests had the highest diversity. Functional divergence was higher in plantations than in agricultural lands but similar to shrublands and natural forests. Plantations shared a functional composition with shrublands, suggesting that simplified vertical structure limits tree-associated species. Within plantations, bird assemblages were shaped by cross-scale interactions between local vegetation structure and landscape context. Tree height and understory development determined local habitat suitability for multiple functional groups, while landscape-scale plantation cover mediated broader patterns of functional group abundance. These results indicate that conversion to eucalypt monocultures reduces both taxonomic and functional diversity, representing a net loss of ecological roles relative to directly and indirectly replaced land uses. Our study underscores that enhancing structural complexity and integrating stand-level management with landscape planning are essential to reconcile production goals with bird conservation in plantation-dominated regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"607 ","pages":"Article 123591"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Acacia mangium monocultures can catalyse the recovery of the tree community and aboveground carbon stock in the Philippines” [For. Ecol. Manag. 601 (2026) 123357]","authors":"J. Vivian ,&nbsp;R.L. Chazdon ,&nbsp;A.A. Catling ,&nbsp;A. Shapcott ,&nbsp;J. Herbohn ,&nbsp;D.J. Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123573","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"607 ","pages":"Article 123573"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) trees experiencing dieback have altered resin canals, earlywood, and latewood relative to asymptomatic trees","authors":"Nawa Raj Pokhrel ,&nbsp;Joseph Dahlen ,&nbsp;Thomas L. Eberhardt ,&nbsp;Kamal J.K. Gandhi ,&nbsp;Brittany F. Barnes","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Loblolly pine (<em>Pinus taeda</em> L<em>.</em>) stands along the fall line between the Piedmont and Coastal Plain physiographic regions periodically experience dieback events whereby gradual dying of tree branches, shoots, and/or roots can occur, ultimately resulting in tree mortality. The objective of this study was to compare resin canal features and wood properties of loblolly pine trees from planted stands along the fall line in Georgia, aged 21–30 years, with and without signs of dieback. Seven symptomatic and seven asymptomatic stands were selected for sampling. Increment cores were collected at breast height (1.37 m) from ten each of the following tree-types: 1) “healthy” trees from asymptomatic stands; 2) “healthy” trees from symptomatic stands; and 3) “unhealthy” trees from symptomatic stands. Radial ring-level properties, including basal area growth (basal area increment), resin canal size (cross-sectional area), specific gravity (SG) values for the earlywood, latewood, and the entire ring, and ultrasonic velocity (USV), were determined from a total of 210 cores. Models were developed to predict each property as a function of tree group and cambial age. Compared to asymptomatic healthy trees, symptomatic unhealthy trees had significantly lower basal area growth, higher earlywood SG, lower latewood SG, and smaller resin canals. Ring SG and USV were not different between tree-types, however basal area weighted USV was higher in the asymptomatic healthy trees. No traumatic resin ducts were found. Altogether, this study provides detailed information on the wood properties and resin canal features of loblolly pine trees experiencing dieback relative to those from asymptomatic stands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"607 ","pages":"Article 123595"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to ‘Species level differences in decomposition rates and deadwood carbon storage in the southeastern United States’ [For. Ecol. Manag., 598 (2025) 123193]","authors":"Rabia Amen,&nbsp;Emily White ,&nbsp;Drew Williams,&nbsp;Joshua Granger,&nbsp;Courtney Siegert","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123596","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"607 ","pages":"Article 123596"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prolonged drought constrains pine cone production but not its consumption","authors":"Sofia Domènech ,&nbsp;Santi Sabaté ,&nbsp;Joan Real ,&nbsp;Daniel Pons ,&nbsp;Jordi Vázquez-Recasens ,&nbsp;Roger Puig-Gironès","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seed production is vital for plant recruitment, shaped by tree traits, climate, and biotic pressures. Droughts can strongly affect reproductive processes, with cascading effects on squirrels. Their feeding behaviour responds to cone size and availability, both climate-driven. This study evaluates how a prolonged drought (three years below average precipitation) affects pine cone production and red squirrel foraging behaviour. Specifically, we (1) analyse tree- and environmental-related drivers of production, (2) quantify squirrel consumption relative to cone availability, and (3) explore links between cone size, production, and exploitation. From 2019–2024, we recorded 32,531 produced and 13,013 consumed cones across 36 transects, with Aleppo pine being dominant. Production varies by species, reflecting distinct reproductive phenologies and species-specific climatic sensitivities. Across pine species, production was negatively associated with drought-related conditions during key reproductive stages, indicating shared vulnerability to water limitation. Rather than long-term trends, these responses reflect interannual climatic variability as a reproductive bottleneck, promoting cross-species synchronization and local homogenization. Crown diameter and habitat significantly affected production. Habitat also shaped squirrel consumption, with mixed forests showing higher rates. Tree diameter and crown size affected cone length, which influenced squirrel feeding. Despite reduced production, squirrel consumption remained stable or even increased during low-production years, with some areas exceeding 75 % of available cones. This suggests that reduced seed availability combined with sustained foraging pressure may impair forest regeneration. Overall, our findings show that climate extremes can synchronize reproductive failure across co-occurring pine species, reveal drought‑driven pollination limits while intensifying trophic pressures in drought-prone ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 123546"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146036178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MAOC capacity and microbial drivers refine soil carbon management in forest plantations","authors":"Xiaomiao Ma ,&nbsp;Chao Wang ,&nbsp;Xu Wang ,&nbsp;Ziping Liu ,&nbsp;Yimei Wang ,&nbsp;Edith Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Afforestation can substantially enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, but the mechanisms governing its long-term stabilization remain poorly understood. Here, using a chronosequence (7, 20, 69 and 88 years-old) of <em>Pinus koraiensis</em> plantations in Northeast China, we investigated SOC dynamics by integrating soil physical fractionation, microbial biomarkers, and amplicon sequencing. SOC stock exhibited nonlinear changes, peaking at 69-year-old stands (78.49 g C kg⁻¹ soil). Mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) in the organic horizon plateaued after 20 years, while MAOC in the 0–20 cm mineral soil peaked at 69 years. Between 20 and 69 years, SOC accumulation was mainly driven by particulate organic carbon (POC) inputs resulting from increased forest productivity. Microbial necromass contributed substantially to SOC, dominated by fungal necromass (78–97 %), but its relative contribution declined after 20 years as bacterial necromass and the abundance of <em>K</em>-strategists bacteria increased. Path analysis further showed that soil properties and microbial traits were positively related to both POC and MAOC, whereas necromass metrics were negatively related to MAOC, consistent with MAOC accumulation approaching a physicochemical capacity limit. Overall, our findings indicate that SOC peaks in 69 years emerge from a transient balance between high particulate inputs and limited additional stabilization on mineral surfaces. This temporal pattern provides critical insights for forest carbon modeling and suggests that harvesting stands before maturity may help sustain SOC stocks in temperate plantations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 123534"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146036234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth, photosynthesis and biochemical responses of Juniperus excelsa seedlings to salicylic acid and silicon under salt stress","authors":"Cengiz Yucedag ,&nbsp;Oliver Gailing","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil salinity significantly inhibits plant growth and physiology by causing oxidative stress. This study explored the alleviating roles of salicylic acid and silicon in salt-induced reductions in growth, photosynthetic pigments and oxidative stress reactions of <em>Juniperus excelsa</em> seedlings. The study was carried out in an open-air shaded environment at the Research and Practice Facility of Çankırı Karatekin University. In early February 2023, a randomized complete block design was set up with three factorial treatments of NaCl (0, 40, 80 mM), salicylic acid (0, 0.5, 1, 2 mM), and silicon (0, 0.5, 1, 2 mM). A factorial ANOVA, principal component analysis and correlation heatmap were used to examine trait responses and stress-reduction strategies. Salinity inhibited the growth of <em>J. excelsa</em> seedlings in a dose-dependent manner with a particularly sensitive response of photosynthetic pigments and root biomass. Salicylic acid and silicon mitigated these negative effects through distinct yet functionally convergent mechanisms. By reducing oxidative damage and stabilizing pigments, SA improved biochemical resilience whereas S mainly strengthened structural traits such as shoot height and root length. Despite their positive effects under non-saline conditions, the protective efficacy of both treatments declined under severe salt stress. Given the study’s early growth-stage focus and methodological limitations, further field-based and molecular studies are required to optimize application strategies and validate long-term salinity resilience in <em>J. excelsa</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 123564"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed-sex plantations of Populus cathayana enhance phosphorus acquisition through asymmetric rhizospheric complementarity","authors":"Zongpei Li ,&nbsp;Zhichao Xia ,&nbsp;Jinhong Guan ,&nbsp;Richard Michalet ,&nbsp;Pierre Liancourt","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While there is growing evidence that sexually dimorphic traits influence root nutrient acquisition strategies in dioecious plants, how sex-specific belowground interactions shape phosphorus (P) acquisition and regulate plant growth remains poorly understood. We investigated the processes and mechanisms underlying sex-specific root-root interactions and their effects on P acquisition strategies in <em>Populus cathayana</em> females and males through two controlled experiments and replicated 30-year-old experimental stands in situ. Females showed reduced competition in intersexual pairings compared to intrasexual ones, regardless of P supply levels. Under low P conditions, males significantly promoted female growth by a suite of changes in the rhizosphere environment, including increased availability of inorganic P, enhanced soil acid phosphatase activity, and increased leaf manganese concentrations—a potential proxy for rhizosphere carboxylate accumulation. In response, females redirected their root growth toward male roots, modifying root traits and increasing root investment to access these enriched zones and absorb nutrients. Mixed-sex planting enhanced overall productivity through complementarity effects, particularly in P-limited environments, compared to single-sex plantations. Our study highlighted the pivotal role of sex-specific root interactions in shaping nutrient acquisition strategies and offered practical insights for optimizing mixed-sex planting mode to enhance forest productivity and sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 123571"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of fire severity and heterogeneity on post-fire occupancy of a terrestrial wildlife community in the Northwestern United States","authors":"Kylie N. Denny ,&nbsp;Lisa A. Shipley,&nbsp;Lucy E. Perera-Romero,&nbsp;Arjan J.H. Meddens,&nbsp;Graziele Hernandes Volpato,&nbsp;Daniel H. Thornton","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wildfire management must adjust to rapidly changing wildfire regimes by reducing the risk of large, high-severity wildfires, and understanding wildlife responses to post-disturbance environments is critical to effectively balance wildlife and wildfire management. The variation in responses to fire severity and heterogeneity across wildlife taxa and ecosystems underscores the need for region-specific knowledge that can guide fire management plans that integrate fire prevention and recovery. Therefore, we evaluated how fire severity and heterogeneity influenced wildlife occupancy across four recent (4–5 years old) mixed-severity wildfires in the Colville National Forest, Washington, USA. In the summers of 2019–2020, we distributed 207 cameras across four fire severities (unchanged, low, moderate, high). We used a spatial multi-species occupancy model to quantify the effect of fire severity at two spatial scales (landscape and local) and fire heterogeneity on species- and community-level occupancy and detection. Probability of occupancy declined with increasing fire severity at the landscape level both for the wildlife community and for most species groups, but we did not find any support for an effect of local wildfire severity. Additionally, fire heterogeneity did not influence probability of occupancy for the community and increased probability of occupancy for only two species. Recent increases in high-severity fires will likely reduce wildlife occupancy in our area up to five years post-fire. Fire severity plays a fundamental role in species- and community-level occupancy and must be considered in management regimes aimed at balancing wildlife habitat and wildfire risk, including fuels reduction treatments like mechanical thinning and prescribed burning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 123525"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does forest stand age matters in Mediterranean forests? Bryophyte richness and composition in the endemic Spanish fir woodlands","authors":"Laura Santamaria-Gozalo ,&nbsp;Aida Calvo-Torralbo ,&nbsp;Sergio Pérez-Ortega ,&nbsp;Jesús Muñoz","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2026.123561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forest continuity is often assumed to increase bryophyte diversity, yet in Mediterranean Spanish fir (<em>Abies pinsapo</em>) forests we found no effect of stand age on richness, composition, or assemblage structure. Across paired old and young stands, generalized linear mixed models showed that age (a proxy for temporal continuity) was not a significant predictor of species richness, and no age-by-environment interactions altered this result. Community structure was instead explained by atmospheric water availability and microtopographic context. Distance-based redundancy analyses identified cloud probability (horizontal rain) as the main driver of epiphyte richness, whereas terrain roughness additionally influenced terricolous and saxicolous species. Turnover (β) depended on spatial proximity rather than age, and no bryophyte species or species combinations were identified as indicators of stand age. Older Spanish fir stands lack much of the bryoflora typical of old-growth forests, likely reflecting centuries of intensive management; therefore, assessments of forest continuity in Mediterranean systems should explicitly account for historical land use. From a conservation perspective, current old-growth trees host few specialists of dead wood or of microniches on old trunks and branches. Nevertheless, the similarity of assemblages between old and young stands indicates functional connectivity and rapid colonization of regenerating patches, with older stands acting as retention/source areas that seed adjacent young forests and thereby support ongoing restoration approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 123561"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146074932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}