Forest Ecology and Management最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to: Which bird species respond most to forest structural variation? Implications for biodiversity indicators in Mediterranean forests. Forest ecology and management volume 601 (2026) 123364","authors":"Gabriel Miret-Minard , Virgilio Hermoso , Lluís Brotons , Gurutzeta Guillera-Arroita , José J. Lahoz-Monfort , Alejandra Morán-Ordoñez","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123445","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123445","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"603 ","pages":"Article 123445"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continued loss of mangrove carbon stocks six years after a climate impact in SE Brazil","authors":"Carla F.O. Pacheco ,&nbsp;Rodolfo F. Costa ,&nbsp;Antonio Elves B. Silva ,&nbsp;Daniela Y. Gaurisas ,&nbsp;Tiago O. Ferreira ,&nbsp;Angelo F. Bernardino","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123442","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123442","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mangroves face increasing threats from human degradation and extreme weather events, yet limited information exists on whether they can naturally recover after those disturbances. In this study, we attempted to fill this gap by assessing the total ecosystem carbon stocks (TECS) of impacted mangrove forests in Brazil six years after an extreme weather event. We hypothesized that impacted mangrove forests would show some degree of recovery in their aboveground and belowground carbon stocks, when compared to previous assessments made in 2017 (1.3 yrs after initial disturbance). Sampling impacted and pristine mangrove forests demonstrated limited or no recovery in carbon stocks over time, with a mean loss of 56.1 Mg C ha⁻¹ in the aboveground carbon stocks. Contrary to our hypothesis, we observed higher soil carbon contents but lower bulk densities in impacted areas, likely as a result of necromass decomposition and loss of mineral material from impacted soils. Mangrove TECS six years after the initial impact were on average 198 Mg C ha⁻¹ lower in dead forests compared to control sites. If all this carbon was lost to the atmosphere, the potential emissions from this event are 145.4 Mg CO₂eq ha⁻¹ per year, which is over 10 times the soil carbon burial rates in healthy mangroves of that estuary. Our work suggests that mangrove forests may have limited recovery in areas under high salinity stress, highlighting the need for site selection prior to mangrove restoration projects when desired outcomes are to restore carbon stocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"603 ","pages":"Article 123442"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fuel treatment effects on fire severity during the Caldor Fire (2021), Lake Tahoe, California, USA","authors":"Hugh D. Safford,&nbsp;Saba Saberi","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigated the effectiveness of forest fuel reduction treatments in mitigating fire severity and reducing tree mortality in wildland urban interface environments during the Caldor Fire (2021) in the Lake Tahoe Basin, California. We found that: (1) Across all treatment types, trees were 3x more likely to survive fire in treated areas, and three of five forest stand-level fire severity measures (crown scorch percent, crown torch percent, torch height) as well as the remotely sensed RdNBR fire severity measure were significantly lower in treated versus untreated areas; (2) The presence of unburned fuel piles in multiple areas led to higher than expected fire severity and tree mortality in those areas and resulted in higher mean scorch height and bole char height than in neighboring untreated forest; and (3) The most effective fuel treatment – which did not include prescribed fire or pile burning – was multiple entry (pre-2005 and 2019) mechanical and hand thinning followed by mastication with a 15-cm maximum fuel depth restriction. Hand thinning and fuel piling followed by pile burning was also an effective treatment. Overall, our results add the Caldor Fire to the growing list of fuel treatment success stories in the western US, but at the same time highlight the growing urgency of proactive forest and fuel management and the importance of resolving long-standing capacity constraints in the US federal resource management agencies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"603 ","pages":"Article 123424"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145750214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Changing aspen stand structure following large carnivore restoration in Yellowstone” [For. Ecol. Manag. 594 (2025) 122941]","authors":"Luke E. Painter ,&nbsp;Robert L. Beschta ,&nbsp;William J. Ripple","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123447","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"603 ","pages":"Article 123447"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Support vector machine and artificial neural network in site index estimation for Eucalyptus plantations in MG state, Brazil","authors":"Maike Vieira Drosdosky ,&nbsp;Gabriela Cristina Costa Silva ,&nbsp;Lucas Sérgio de Sousa Lopes ,&nbsp;Evandro Ferreira da Silva ,&nbsp;Deivison Venicio Souza ,&nbsp;Helio Garcia Leite","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In view of the expansion of planted forest areas, it is essential to adopt accurate methods for assessing productive capacity. The guide curve method is the most widely used technique for this purpose. However, other approaches have been introduced, such as Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). This study analyzed the effectiveness of SVM and ANN in predicting the site index (S) of <em>Eucalyptus</em> forest stands in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Thirteen input variable combinations were defined, including climatic and dendrometric data. Four kernel functions and two loss functions were evaluated for SVM, and five activation functions with variations in the number of hidden layer neurons were tested for ANN. The output variable for both SVM and ANN was the site index determined using the guide curve method. ANN yielded the highest correlations between predicted and observed values (r_ŷ.y &gt; 0.9) and the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) in ten out of thirteen combinations. Including the height of dominant and codominant trees in the models resulted in higher accuracy for both SVM and ANN. The final classification of stands by SVM and ANN was identical to that obtained using the guide curve method. Therefore, it was concluded that both techniques are effective in estimating the site index and classifying site productivity. Thus, it was possible to conclude that although both techniques are efficient in estimating the site index and classifying productive capacity, ANN is a more suitable tool due to its flexibility and accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"603 ","pages":"Article 123476"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen homeostasis and use strategies: Implications for the success of trees with ectomycorrhizal associations in nitrogen-limited temperate forests","authors":"Peng Zhang ,&nbsp;Guangze Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant stoichiometric homeostasis and nutrient use strategies are strongly associated with their potential to achieve dominance in nutrient-poor habitats. EcM-associated tree species are more abundant than AM-associated species in nitrogen (N) impoverished temperate forests. However, we lack an in-depth understanding of how stoichiometric homeostasis and nutrient use strategies of AM and EcM tree species affect their dominance in N-limited forest ecosystems. Here we examined the differences in stoichiometric homeostasis of N, N use strategies (N resorption efficiency (NRE) and leaf C:N ratios), and abundance between AM and EcM tree species, and further assessed whether the causal relationships among stoichiometric homeostasis, nutrient use strategies, and abundance differed between AM and EcM tree species across four successional stages of a mixed broadleaved–Korean pine (<em>Pinus koraiensis</em>) forest. EcM tree species showed a higher stoichiometric homeostasis of N, NRE, leaf C:N ratios, and abundance than did AM tree species at four successional stages. Meanwhile, the NRE and leaf C:N ratios of EcM tree species were mainly governed by stoichiometric homeostasis of N; however, they were more influenced by soil inorganic N in AM tree species. Finally, N use strategies of AM and EcM plants significantly affected their abundance. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the causes of the distribution patterns of different tree mycorrhizal associations in nature and offer guidance for forest management practices by highlighting the role of EcM plants with higher N homeostasis in sustaining long-term nutrient balance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"603 ","pages":"Article 123481"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-thinning recovery time and litter quality co-regulate litter decomposition in mixed oak-pine forests","authors":"Shuiqiang Yu ,&nbsp;Shizhou Ju ,&nbsp;Rui Tan ,&nbsp;Xiangfu Wang ,&nbsp;Zi’ao Liang ,&nbsp;Yu Li ,&nbsp;Yuanhui Li ,&nbsp;Weifeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forest thinning alters micro-environments and soil microbes, which can influence leaf litter decomposition. However, the effects of time since thinning on leaf litter decomposition remain poorly understood. This study investigated how recovery time since thinning mediates litter decomposition dynamics through abiotic (environmental drivers) and biotic (decomposer capability) pathways in a temperate pine-oak mixed forest. Using a space-for-time substitution approach in the Qinling Mountains, China, we compared the decomposition of oak leaf and pine needle litter across unthinned (CK), mid-term (4-year post-thinning, T2018), and long-term (12-year post-thinning, T2010) recovery stages. Our findings showed that oak leaf litter decomposition was significantly accelerated in the mid-term (T2018; <em>k</em> = 0.984), primarily attributable to elevated soil temperature (path coefficient = 0.60), thereby supporting the ‘environmental drivers’ hypothesis. After 12 years of recovery (T2010), oak leaf litter decomposition was significantly suppressed (46 % mass remaining <em>vs</em>. 31 % in T2018). These results indicate a temporal shift in decomposition rate following thinning. In contrast, pine needle litter decomposition showed no significant response to thinning, remaining constrained by biotic factors, particularly microbial biomass nitrogen (path coefficient = 0.97). Variation partitioning indicated soil temperature and moisture were the primary explanatory variable for oak leaf litter decomposition (62 % independent contribution), while pine needle litter decomposition was governed by decomposer capability (42 % independent contribution from microbes + 46 % from microbe-enzyme synergy). Our study demonstrates that thinning effects on litter decomposition are highly dynamic and litter-specific. These findings underscore that accurate forecasting of forest management impacts on ecosystem processes requires explicit consideration of both temporal legacy and community composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"603 ","pages":"Article 123441"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed-effects modeling of vertical distribution branch characteristics for Korean pine: Integrating climate-competition interactions for precision plantation management","authors":"Yumeng Jiang ,&nbsp;Zheng Miao ,&nbsp;Xuehan Zhao ,&nbsp;Qianbei Li ,&nbsp;Lihu Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Branching pattern forms the structural foundation of tree crowns and plays an important role in determining wood quality. This study investigates the vertical distribution pattern of branching characteristics in Korean pine and explores their relationships with stand density, competition pressure, and climate factors, providing scientific insights for forest management. Using data from 184 Korean pine trees in Northeast China, we developed a comprehensive vertical distribution prediction model with three approaches: Poisson regression (branch number), modified Weibull distribution (branch size), and nonlinear regression (branch insertion angle). The models integrate hierarchical variables spanning individual tree traits, stand structure, competition intensity, and climatic conditions. Tree growth vigor (height increment) and crown morphology primarily influence branch quantity; <span><math><mi>DBH</mi></math></span> and competition intensity significantly influence branch insertion angle, with branch age showing negative effects; branch size responds positively to tree dimension variables but negatively to competition pressure. It is noteworthy that competition-climate interactions exhibit distinct regulatory patterns compared to single factors, with drought indices modulating the effects of competition on branch characteristics. The model demonstrated robust performance, with mixed-effects models yielding low prediction errors: a mean absolute error (<span><math><mi>MAE</mi></math></span>) of 2.34 branches per whorl for quantity, a root mean square error (<span><math><mi>RMSE</mi></math></span>) of 8.7° for insertion angle, and an <span><math><mi>RMSE</mi></math></span> of 3.2 mm for branch diameter, as well as an RMSE of 0.7 cm for branch length. These models facilitate the quantitative prediction of knot size distribution and crown space requirements, offering a valuable tool for optimizing stand management and enhancing timber quality in Korean pine plantations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"603 ","pages":"Article 123451"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When refugia vanish: Recurrent fire and resistant landscapes homogenize bird communities","authors":"Bruno F.C.B. Adorno ,&nbsp;Rafael Guimaraes Ramos ,&nbsp;Milena Fiuza Diniz ,&nbsp;Ederson Godoy ,&nbsp;Bianca Dinis ,&nbsp;Wellington Corrêa ,&nbsp;Vinícius Munhoz Barbosa ,&nbsp;Gabriela Rosa Batista ,&nbsp;Augusto João Piratelli ,&nbsp;Milton Cezar Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Érica Hasui","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fire is an increasingly frequent disturbance in the Atlantic Forest, where most bird species are poorly adapted to fire-driven habitat change. We evaluated how fire regime and landscape structure jointly influence bird beta diversity and its components (turnover and nestedness). Birds were surveyed at 15 landscapes, each containing paired burned and unburned forest patches. Beta diversity was quantified using Bray–Curtis dissimilarity, partitioned into turnover and nestedness, and complemented by the Community Habitat Specialization Index (CHSI) to assess functional composition. Fire consistently reduced turnover between burned and unburned patches, revealing taxonomic homogenization driven by the loss of specialists and the expansion of generalists. CHSI increased with landscape-level fire refugia, and unburned forests supported higher specialization overall, indicating that specialist-rich assemblages persist where long-term unburned forest remains, whereas the loss of refugia accelerates functional homogenization. CHSI also declined with increasing matrix resistance, reflecting reduced recolonization potential in simplified landscapes. Landscape heterogeneity increased dissimilarity and showed a forest condition–dependent effect on CHSI, but heterogeneity alone did not ensure resilience, as many heterogeneous landscapes were dominated by fire-susceptible or low-quality land covers. Nestedness was not significantly associated with fire or landscape predictors, suggesting that ordered species loss may depend on longer-term processes. Our findings highlight how fire regimes and landscape context jointly shape bird community responses and challenge the assumption that heterogeneity universally buffers disturbance. Effective conservation should reduce matrix resistance, enhance functional connectivity and fire refugia, and limit fire recurrence to sustain biodiversity and long-term resilience in tropical forest landscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"603 ","pages":"Article 123466"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Twenty-year response of Douglas-fir to logging debris manipulation and vegetation control at two sites with contrasting soil quality","authors":"Robert A. Slesak ,&nbsp;Scout M. Dahms-May ,&nbsp;Timothy B. Harrington","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reforestation practices have potential to alter site productivity and influence forest stand development. We evaluated the effects of logging debris (LD) manipulation (LD dispersed, LD piled, and LD removed) and competing vegetation control (VC; initial VC only or annual VC for five years) on Douglas-fir stand characteristics at two sites in western Washington and Oregon, USA that contrasted strongly in soil quality (SQ). Annual VC had a pronounced effect on stand volume compared to initial VC, but the magnitude of effect was greater at the low SQ site (∼50 % increase in volume) than at the high SQ site (∼25 % increase). Volume effects of VC at the low SQ site were due to differences in proportionate survival between treatments (0.15 lower with initial VC vs. annual VC) and will likely persist to end of rotation; effects at the high SQ site were due to greater growth with annual VC, but differences between VC treatments are decreasing with time. Effects of LD treatments were muted and primarily associated with the piling treatment. Total volume was ∼25 % greater with LD piling compared to LD removal at the low SQ site only. At both sites, soils sampled under piles had higher extractable nutrients and nitrogen mineralization compared to soils between piles, which may have provided benefits to tree growth at the low SQ site. The contrasting site responses and decreasing effects of VC treatment at the high SQ site highlight the importance of understanding mechanisms of treatment response when making inferences for similar sites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"603 ","pages":"Article 123434"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}