Forest Ecology and Management最新文献

{"title":"Changes in wood density, growth, and carbon storage of the main stem of planted white spruce (Picea glauca) after commercial thinning","authors":"Dipak Mahatara ,&nbsp;Julie Barrette ,&nbsp;Boris Dufour ,&nbsp;Luc Sirois ,&nbsp;Alexis Achim ,&nbsp;Robert Schneider","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Commercial thinning, often included in silvicultural scenarios applied to plantations, influences tree growth and wood properties and, consequently, can modify the carbon sequestration rate of tree stems. The present study considered the wood density variations within and between tree stems to estimate carbon dioxide (CO₂) sequestration in the stem under four treatments—control, thinning from below, early release of 50 crop trees per hectare, and 100 crop trees per hectare—conducted in white spruce (<em>Picea glauca</em>) plantations in eastern Quebec. The plantations dating from 1990 were thinned in 2008. First, disk samples collected in 2021 from 140 trees across the four thinning intensities were used to construct a ring-density model following thinning. The plot inventory data from 2008, 2014, and 2021, combined with the ring-density model, were then used to estimate individual tree carbon sequestration, which was summed at the plot level. We found that (1) ring density displayed higher values near the pith, followed by a rapid decline, after which ring density slightly increased toward the bark; (2) thinned and control treatments showed similar average ring-density chronologies throughout the study period, constraining the generalization of post-thinning ring-density trends; and (3) thinned plots exhibited lower tree CO₂ sequestration rates than control plots, with estimates of 5.17, 5.35, 4.75, and 5.84 t·ha⁻¹·year⁻¹ for 100 crop trees per hectare, 50 crop trees per hectare, thinning from below, and the control respectively. This study provides insights into how thinning impacts carbon dynamics in the tree stems of young stands, which can be used to weigh the trade-offs between active management and carbon storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"580 ","pages":"Article 122542"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sandy soils in the forests of northern Michigan (USA) as methane sinks: Impacts of tree species composition and winter snowpacks","authors":"Chase S. Kasmerchak ,&nbsp;David E. Rothstein ,&nbsp;J. Randal Schaetzl","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Upland forest soils are one the largest terrestrial methane (CH₄) sinks. The strength of this CH₄ sink, however, is sensitive to the influence of forest composition and other environmental factors on the activity of CH₄ oxidizing bacteria and archaea (methanotrophs). Climate change projections for the Great Lakes region (USA) point to expansion of deciduous broadleaf species at the expense of conifers, as well as decreased winter snowpack thicknesses. To assess the sensitivity of the soil CH₄ sink to forest composition, winter snowpack thicknesses, and soil frost, we conducted a 2-year snow removal experiment in sandy soils. The sites were dominated by either sugar maple (Acer saccharum) or red pine (Pinus resinosa) in northern Michigan, USA. We measured in-situ CH₄ uptake using static chambers in plots where snowpacks were either left undisturbed or removed. Our results indicate that annual soil CH₄ uptake is 25–30 % higher under sugar maple than under red pine, suggesting that predicted broadleaf forest expansion will increase the strength of the soil CH4 sink. Nonetheless, our estimates of annual CH₄ budgets for these stands also indicate that this process may only contribute 2–3 % of the annual climate mitigation services in these forests. We observed no differences in rates of wintertime CH₄ uptake between treatments, and no carry-forward effects of snow removal on rates of growing season CH₄ uptake. Depth trends in soil CH₄ concentration indicate that wintertime CH₄ uptake in our control treatment was limited primarily by the rate of diffusion of atmospheric CH₄ through the snowpack and into the soil, whereas it appears that CH₄ uptake in our removal treatments was limited by soil freezing. This implies that the response of the soil CH₄ sink in these forests to climate change will depend on the balance between snowpack thicknesses, as it impacts soil freezing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"580 ","pages":"Article 122527"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological succession revisited from a temporal beta-diversity perspective","authors":"Ryosuke Nakadai ,&nbsp;Satoshi N. Suzuki","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ecological succession, the re-assembly of communities after disturbances, is a classical topic in ecology and has gained renewed attention due to anthropogenic impacts. Previous studies suggest that compositional shifts decrease in later successional stages, potentially linked to species life history and longevity. However, the lack of suitable analytical methods has impeded the ability to obtain clear empirical evidence and quantify the demographic processes contributing to these shifts. In this study, we examined ecological succession through temporal beta diversity patterns using both conventional Bray–Curtis dissimilarity and recently developed individual-based indices. We analysed long-term forest inventory data from permanent plots in cool temperate forests along a secondary successional chronosequence, spanning 17–106 years post-clear-cutting. Our findings reveal detailed temporal beta-diversity patterns based on stem number and basal area over a century. We link compositional shifts to demographic processes such as recruitment, growth, and mortality, providing a clearer understanding of succession dynamics. This study highlights the importance of long-term data and advanced analytical approaches in uncovering the demographic drivers of community composition changes during succession. Future research applying similar methods across various ecosystems will enhance our understanding of biodiversity changes over time and their connections to anthropogenic disturbances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"580 ","pages":"Article 122504"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143161775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ongoing regeneration of ash and co-occurring species 20 years following invasion by emerald ash borer","authors":"Caleb J. Wilson ,&nbsp;Louise Labbate ,&nbsp;Toby R. Petrice ,&nbsp;Therese M. Poland ,&nbsp;Deborah G. McCullough","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerald ash borer (<em>Agrilus planipennis</em> Fairmare) is a destructive invasive insect pest of ash trees (<em>Fraxinus</em> spp.) in North America. Monitoring ash regeneration within post-invasion forests is essential to assess ash persistence in North America. We recorded density of overstory ash [&gt; 10 cm diameter at breast height (DBH)], ash recruits (2–10 cm DBH), ash saplings (≥ 45 cm in height; &lt; 2 cm DBH), and ash seedlings (&lt; 45 cm in height), along with canopy dieback of overstory ash and recruits in four post-invasion areas in south-central Michigan, USA. We also recorded density of all other overstory trees, recruits, saplings, and seedlings by species. Ash regeneration was abundant in recruit (470 ± 68.9 stems per ha), sapling (2599 ± 336.1 stems per ha), and seedling strata (4557 ± 557.9 stems per ha). Overall, 47 % of overstory ash, 17 % of ash recruits, and 7 % of ash saplings were dead. More than half of the live overstory ash (54 %), and 43 % of ash recruits had &lt; 30 % dieback, although 33 ± 3.0 % of ash recruits had external signs of EAB infestation. Living ash basal area was inversely associated with <em>Quercus rubra</em> and <em>Tilia americana</em> density. Dead ash basal area was not related to tree species composition, indicating that stands with low ash density, and subsequent effects on community structure, were not due to canopy gaps resulting from EAB mortality. Overall, we documented substantial ash regeneration in post-invasion forests despite high mortality of trees &gt; 10 cm DBH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"580 ","pages":"Article 122546"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143161787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience to late frost and drought of mixed forests with Turkey oak and silver fir in southern Italy","authors":"Concetta Lisella ,&nbsp;Alessandra Bottero ,&nbsp;Serena Antonucci ,&nbsp;Giovanni Santopuoli ,&nbsp;Roberto Tognetti","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mixed species can increase the stability of forest ecosystems against disturbances. However, the benefits of mixing cannot be generalized for all forest types and tree species combinations. To investigate the role of tree species composition in the responses of tree growth to late frost and drought, we constructed tree-ring series from forest stands with varying abundances of silver fir (<em>Abies alba</em>) and Turkey oak (<em>Quercus cerris</em>) at two sites in southern Italy. We studied (i) intra- and interspecific responses to late frost and drought stress, (ii) impact of tree species composition on these responses, and (iii) relationships between tree growth and climatic and structural variables. In the drier region, both species were more resistant to drought than to late frost. Moreover, Turkey oak was less resistant than silver fir to late frost in drier site conditions but showed greater resistance in wetter ones. The impact of tree species composition on plot-level responses was observed for drought resilience components at the drier site. Additionally, plot diameter heterogeneity positively influenced growth resistance to both stressors, while basal area negatively affected drought resistance. Water balance played a central role in the growth of both species, but silver fir growing in drier conditions was less influenced than silver fir growing in wetter ones. Silver fir can adapt growth strategies to deal with different environmental settings. This study shows that lower stand density (basal area: 41–83 m²/ha in this study) and greater structural heterogeneity (Gini index: 0.1–0.4) contribute to greater stand-level resilience in Mediterranean forests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"580 ","pages":"Article 122539"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143161793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of logging residue on the growth and properties of the humus layer in Scots pine and Norway spruce stands","authors":"Harri Mäkinen ,&nbsp;Aino Smolander","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The utilisation of forest-based primary biomass as a source of renewable energy is becoming increasingly prevalent as a means of reducing the reliance on fossil fuels. However, there has been a growing concern about the potential impact of increased organic matter and nutrient removal on long-term forest productivity. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of logging residue removal on stand productivity and soil C and N levels in Finland. The material was collected from young Scots pine (<em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L.) and Norway spruce (<em>Picea abies</em> (L.) Karst.) stands 20–21 years following the final felling, as well as from a pine experiment that was established in conjunction with an intermediate thinning 20 years ago. In the young stands after final felling, the treatments were whole-tree harvesting, stem-only harvesting, and stem-only harvesting with a double amount of logging residues left on the plots. In the middle-aged stand after thinning, the residue levels were 0, 10, 20, and 30 Mg ha⁻¹. In the young spruce stands, the removal of logging residue following the final felling resulted in a negative growth response, but the doubling of logging residue did not result in a further growth increase. In contrast, no treatment effects were observed in the growth of the Scots pine stands, both in the young stands after final felling and in the middle-aged stand after thinning. In the young stands after final felling, the logging residues had no significant impact on the amounts of humus layer C or N. In contrast, the logging residues increased the levels of both C and N in the humus layer of the middle-aged pine stand after thinning. It can be concluded that the removal of nutrients following the harvest of logging residue in final felling and thinning does not indicate significant issues with regard to the availability of nutrients, based on the data on tree growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"580 ","pages":"Article 122526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Warming-driven shifts in dominant tree species potentially reduce aboveground biomass in northeastern United States forests","authors":"Xinyuan Wei ,&nbsp;Daniel J. Hayes ,&nbsp;Aaron Weiskittel ,&nbsp;Jianheng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forest ecosystems play a critical role in the global carbon cycle. However, climate change may shift the geographic distribution of numerous tree species and alter the capacity of forest ecosystems to store carbon. The forests in the northeastern United States, characterized by their diverse tree species and complex structures, have experienced climatic changes in recent decades and are particularly vulnerable to these changes. Given that tree species vary in their carbon storage capacities, understanding how forest composition influences aboveground biomass (AGB) is crucial for assessing the impact of climate change on forest carbon storage. In this study, we synthesized plot-level forest inventory records (n = 27,858) to evaluate the influence of forest composition on AGB in the northeastern United States. Our results indicate that dominant tree species are the primary feature of forest composition most strongly correlated with AGB across all successional stages, exceeding the influence of species diversity and evenness. Projected climate warming in this region is likely to alter these dominant species. Although this shift may increase the abundance of hardwood species, which generally have higher wood density, the plot-level AGB is projected to decrease due to changes in forest structure introduced by the new dominant species. These findings highlight the important role of dominant tree species in determining forest biomass and suggest that warming-induced shifts in dominant species could reduce the carbon sequestration capacity of forests in the northeastern United States.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"580 ","pages":"Article 122536"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143161779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing the Spectral-Temporal Signatures of Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga Canadensis) Using Sentinel-2 Satellite Images and Phenology Modelling","authors":"Zhaoshu Shi 石照殊 ,&nbsp;Ben DeVries ,&nbsp;Chris J.K. MacQuarrie ,&nbsp;Meghan Gray ,&nbsp;Yu Zhao Ni ,&nbsp;Faisal Moola","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2024.122399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2024.122399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA) is an invasive insect that affects the eastern hemlock population in North America, causing severe die-off and altering ecosystem dynamics. Understanding the distribution of eastern hemlock will improve future HWA management and protection of existing eastern hemlock populations. To determine the degree to which different forest types and species can be distinguished at the stand level with variable densities of eastern hemlock present, a Bayesian phenology model was used to compute seven phenological parameters from four spectral indices derived from Sentinel-2 time series imagery. We tested spectral and phenological parameters derived using this method across three classification levels, including broad forest type, hemlock density, and dominant or co-dominant evergreen species. Using Kruskal-Wallis with <em>post-hoc</em> Dunn’s test, we found that phenological parameters derived from the Inverted Red-Edge Chlorophyll Index and the Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index provided the highest separability between groups across all three levels of classification. The seasonal minimum greenness and fall inflection day provided the highest degree of separability among hemlock density classes. Seasonal minimum greenness provided the highest degree of separability among evergreen species. Among the nine evergreen dominant or co-dominant species classes tested, hemlock stands were found to be separable from four of the classes. White pine stands and black spruce stands showed the highest degree of overall separability. This study demonstrates the potential for phenological parameters in stand-level evergreen species classification. The combination of Sentinel-2 time series and phenological modeling has the potential to enhance tree species mapping studies at regional scales.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"577 ","pages":"Article 122399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forest corridors preserve biodiversity in tree plantation landscapes of the Southern Atlantic Forest: a multi-taxa approach using passive sampling methods","authors":"Elena Gangenova ,&nbsp;Diego Varela ,&nbsp;Juan P. Zurano ,&nbsp;Facundo Di Sallo ,&nbsp;Sebastián Costa ,&nbsp;Carlos B. De Araujo ,&nbsp;Gustavo A. Zurita","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The extensive transformation of natural habitats into monoculture tree plantations implies the loss of suitable habitats for native species, negatively impacting biodiversity maintenance. Among the main landscape factors influencing the ecological potential of forestry landscapes to support native species, forest corridors are of central importance; however, assessments of their effectiveness across multiple taxa—especially among species with varied movement capacities—remain limited. To evaluate the role of corridors, in a heterogeneous forestry landscape in the Atlantic Forest of Argentina, we assessed species richness and composition of three taxonomic groups (anurans, birds and mammals) in tree plantations (pine and eucalypt) and forest (corridors and continuous), using technology-based biodiversity monitoring. Data from passive acoustic monitoring and camera trapping revealed a consistent pattern of species richness across taxa, with the highest richness in forest corridors, followed by continuous forests, pine plantations, and eucalypt plantations. For birds and mammals, a similar number of forest-dependent species were found in both continuous forests and forest corridors. In anurans and mammals, species composition changes between forest corridors and continuous forests were primarily driven by species replacement; while in birds, these changes were driven by differences in species richness. Across all taxa, forest corridors most closely resembled the community integrity of continuous forests. The species richness and composition patterns found for taxonomic groups with varying habitat requirements underscore the potential of forest corridors as a powerful and profitable conservation tool in forestry landscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"580 ","pages":"Article 122522"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143161791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herbaceous competition does not affect positive tree diversity effects on seedling crown complementarity","authors":"Muhammad Abdullah ,&nbsp;Li-Ting Zheng ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Bai-Yu Yang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Chen Fang ,&nbsp;Di-Feng Bao ,&nbsp;Samreen Ghulam Rasool ,&nbsp;Ci-Liang Zhao ,&nbsp;En-Rong Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Naturally regenerated herbaceous species play a significant role in shaping community structure and stand dynamics, particularly through their interactions with tree seedlings in early-successional stands. The seedling and grass competition can affect seedling crown complementarity, a key canopy process that enhances the productivity of tree mixtures compared to monocultures by optimizing light capture and resource use. However, little is known about how their competition advantages shift from \"grass to seedling\" or \"seedling—grass—seedling\" or just grass. We conducted a four-year tree diversity experiment involving weeded versus unweeded treatments, with eight functionally divergent woody species comprised of 17 functional combinations. We examined how crown complementarity, crown volume, and stem basal area of tree seedlings varied between weeded and unweeded treatments along the gradients of tree species richness and functional diversity over time. Crown complementarity and crown volume of tree seedlings were positively affected by tree species richness and functional diversity, and the positive tree diversity effects on seedling crown complementarity strengthened over time under both weeded and unweeded treatments. On average, seedling crown complementarity was greater in unweeded than weeded treatments. Herbaceous plants increased crown volume but decreased stem basal area after three years, and the tree diversity effects on stem basal area were not significant in both weeded and unweeded treatments. Overall, herbaceous plants did not change the tree diversity effects on seedling crown complementarity, but mediated biomass allocation trade-offs between crown expansion and horizontal growth of stem in tree seedlings during the early stage of stand development. Our results suggest that herbaceous plants can boost seedling crown complementarity but their competitive effects are not large enough for affecting the positive tree diversity effects on seedling crown complementarity in the early stage of stand development. This study provides mechanistic insight into the role of herbaceous plants in shaping tree diversity effects on canopy processes and stand structures through resource competition during the early successional period of forest communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"580 ","pages":"Article 122529"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143161790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}