Forest Ecology and Management最新文献

{"title":"Complex ecological pathways drive boreal forest successional dynamics","authors":"Yingying Zhu ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Chen ,&nbsp;Muhammad Waseem Ashiq ,&nbsp;Han Y.H. Chen ,&nbsp;Stephen Mayor","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pervasive shifts in forest successional dynamics are accelerating in response to global environmental change. However, the relative importance of variables driving successional transitions and how these are altered by climate change remain unclear, in part because the ecological pathways among variables can be complex. To untangle the web of interactions driving successional transitions between consecutive catastrophic disturbances, we utilized a long-term forest inventory database repeatedly measured over 43 years, encompassing 3465 boreal forest plots in central Canada and covering stand ages 1–261 years. We developed a hybrid analytical approach that combines boosted regression tree (BRT) and structural equation modelling (SEM). The BRT assessed the relative importance of variables among 37 potentially influential variables. The SEM examined multiple causal pathways of 14 top-ranking (relative importance &gt; 1 %) drivers. Overall, we found an average 4.6 % probability of transitioning to a different forest type over consecutive censuses with a mean interval of 6.8 years. By ranking the relative importance of variables in BRT and SEM, we show that multiple, simultaneously occurring within-community dynamics, rather than climate variations or site and soil conditions, primarily drive successional transitions. In particular, the compositional proportion of the most dominant species was the most influential driver. As it increased from a minimum of 0.24 to monoculture (1.00) in the plot, the likelihood of transition decreased from 41.1 % to 0.2 %, emphasizing slow successional transitions in the mono-species dominated boreal forest. Our empirical findings, spanning the course of secondary succession, suggest that the widely predicted climate-driven transitions in boreal forests may be context-dependent and highly variable than previously thought.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"590 ","pages":"Article 122820"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New allometric models for the USA create a shift in forest carbon estimation, modeling, and mapping","authors":"Lucas K. Johnson ,&nbsp;Michael J. Mahoney ,&nbsp;Grant M. Domke ,&nbsp;Colin M. Beier","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The United States national forest inventory (NFI) serves as the foundation for forest aboveground biomass (AGB) and carbon accounting across the nation. These data enable design-based estimates of forest carbon stocks and stock-changes at state and regional levels, but also serve as inputs to model-based approaches for characterizing forest carbon stocks and stock-changes at finer spatial and temporal resolutions. Although NFI tree and plot-level data are often treated as truth in these models, they are in fact estimates based on regional species-group models and parameters known collectively as the Component Ratio Method (CRM). In late 2023 the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program replaced CRM nationwide with a new National Scale Volume and Biomass Estimators (NSVB) system that offers more precise and accurate representations of forest AGB and carbon. Given the prevalence of model-based AGB studies relying on FIA, there is concern about the transferability of methods from CRM to NSVB models, as well as the comparability of existing CRM AGB products (e.g. maps) to new and forthcoming NSVB AGB products. To begin addressing these concerns we compared previously published CRM AGB maps and estimates to new maps and estimates produced using identical methods with NSVB AGB reference data. Our results suggest that models relying on passive satellite imagery (e.g. Landsat) provide acceptable estimates of point-in-time NSVB AGB and carbon stocks, but fail to accurately estimate growth in mature or closed-canopy forests. We highlight that existing estimates, models, and maps based on FIA reference data are no longer compatible with NSVB, and recommend new methods as well as updated models and maps for accommodating this shift. Our collective ability to adopt NSVB in our modeling and mapping workflows will help us provide the most accurate spatial forest carbon data possible in order to better inform local management and decision making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"589 ","pages":"Article 122751"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing wildfire potential in a coastal forest watershed, British Columbia, Canada","authors":"Daniel D.B. Perrakis ,&nbsp;Kendrick J. Brown ,&nbsp;Kimberly Morrison ,&nbsp;Daniel R. Horrelt ,&nbsp;Stephen W. Taylor","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122796","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122796","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wildfire disturbance in coastal western Canada has varied with changes in climate and human activity. Although infrequent during the past century, large fires in coastal forests occurred in the past, and current and future fire hazard are uncertain. We used multiple lines of evidence to characterize the contemporary regime of a forested water supply area around greater Victoria (GVWSA), British Columbia (BC), Canada, to provide a framework for assessing fire hazard more broadly in Pacific coast watersheds. Threshold conditions for locally significant fires (LSF; &gt;10 ha) were established using recent fire and weather records. These data were used to 1) define baseline fire danger climatology for the GVWSA; 2) model fire behaviour and annual or cumulative burn probability (BP) across the region; 3) compare BP with late holocene fire return intervals derived from paleo-charcoal samples; and 4) evaluate modelling using recent fire records and case studies. The fire season was 14 days longer in the drier eastern portion of the watershed compared with the western portion. The fire season in recent years (2010–2022) was more pronounced, with higher Fire Weather Index (FWI) quantiles compared with older (1996–2009) records. LSF occurred under Fire Weather Index (FWI) ≥ 32 conditions (∼93rd percentile), although rare landscape-scale fires (&gt; 1000 ha) were associated with more extreme events (approx. FWI ≥ ∼50, ca. 99.6th percentile), particularly summer outflow conditions. Models suggest that stands of mature Douglas-fir, the dominant vegetation type, require high sustained winds during high to extreme danger conditions for crown fire occurrence. The overall BP was lower (by 50–70 %) than values from interior BC, while the distribution of BP across the GVWSA reflected the influences of lightning maxima on exposed ridges and potential human ignitions outside the perimeter. Simulated fires were mostly small to moderate in size (median= 52 ha; 90 % &lt; 308 ha), with the largest reaching ∼2800 ha within a 7 km fireshed. Charcoal-based paleofire reconstruction suggest the persistence of fire occurrence patterns. Data from four lakes around the watershed generally supported the landscape BP variability. Late-Holocene fire frequency was consistently 50–100 % higher than surrounding modelled present-day BP, reflecting the persistence of local climatic and topographic influences despite changes to anthropogenic influences. Wildfire potential in the forests of SVI is lower than in continental regions but poses a growing risk to water resources and other values. Environmental variability and sparse fire records suggest a multi-proxy approach can be effective for informing managers of fire hazard in similar areas of the Pacific coast.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"590 ","pages":"Article 122796"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating short-term effects of fuel treatments on fuel loading in western US dry conifer forests: A meta-analysis","authors":"Ashley R. Grupenhoff ,&nbsp;Derek J.N. Young ,&nbsp;Michele Barbato ,&nbsp;Andrew M. Latimer","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fuel treatments are crucial for reducing wildfire hazard, especially as severe wildfires increase across western United States (US) dry conifer forests. While many studies have documented the effectiveness of fuel treatments in reducing future wildfire severity, few have synthesized data to predict post-treatment fuel loads for major classes of fuels. We conducted a Bayesian meta-analysis using 1932 observations from 65 published papers in western US dry conifer forests to (1) evaluate the short-term effects of different fuel treatments on fuel loading and overstory structure and (2) characterize patterns of post-treatment fuel loading and overstory structure across multiple fuel components. Treatments included thinning followed by prescribed burning (THIN+BURN), thinning only (THIN), and first-entry prescribed fire only (BURN). Our results show that treatments effectively reduce fuel loads, but outcomes vary based on treatment type, forest type, and initial stand conditions. THIN+BURN treatments were most effective in reducing overstory fuel loads while preventing surface fuel buildup, whereas BURN treatments were the most effective at reducing surface fuel loads, even after a single entry. Our findings underscore the importance of treatment type and pre-treatment stand conditions in influencing fuel reduction outcomes. Fuel treatments, especially in landscapes with heavy fuel loads, offer a valuable tool for moderating wildfire severity, reducing fire risk, and promoting forest restoration. Our synthesis of post-treatment fuel loads provides important insights for assessing forest vulnerability, improving fire behavior model estimates, and informing wildfire management strategies in a changing climate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"590 ","pages":"Article 122808"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acorn review: How do trees cope with ancient soils?","authors":"Dan Binkley ,&nbsp;Mark Adams","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Growth of forests depends on access to nutrients from soils, with each nutrient element exhibiting different rates of inputs, cycling, and losses. Supplies of some nutrients are too low in most forest soils to support maximum growth rates, on soils of any age. The supplies of several elements depend on recycling of atoms contained in minerals of the geological parent material. Even very slow annual rates of loss can lead to substantial depletion over millennia, raising an expectation that ancient soils ought to have very low nutrient supplies and low rates of growth. This expectation does not match the reality of most ancient soils because several features combine to sustain growth. Ancient soils in humid regions are deep, with opportunities for roots to exploit very large volumes and masses of soil materials and supplies of stored water. Some elements that are depleted from geologic parent material are replenished via air-borne dust; very low rates of input can be substantial over very long periods. Plants and associated microbes have evolved abilities to access nutrients from pools at very low concentrations, and from relatively insoluble forms. Local biogeochemistry of soils always influences growth rates, and simple expectations of poor growth on ancient soils are unwarranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"590 ","pages":"Article 122818"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144099360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A legacy ecological survey and species distribution models reveal the mid-20th century niche of American chestnut (Castanea dentata [Marsh.] Borkh.) in Monroe County, New York State, US","authors":"Stephen J. Tulowiecki","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The American chestnut (<em>Castanea dentata</em> [Marsh.] Borkh) was an important tree in eastern US forests until its functional extinction in the early 20th century by an invasive fungal blight. Backcross breeding and genetic engineering efforts have sought to develop a blight-resistant cultivar. Anticipating the species’ restoration, researchers have developed species distribution models (SDMs) to model potential locations for suitable habitat. SDMs have modeled either the pre-European-American or present distribution of the species. This study modeled mid-20th century chestnut distribution in Monroe County, New York State, US, utilizing a unique dataset from a county-wide ecological survey conducted 1938–1940. Employing the Maximum Entropy technique, this study modeled distribution at 10 m resolution in relation to soil and topographic predictors. This study produced good models (i.e., mean area under the curve [AUC] measure of 0.851) that suggested chestnut preferred well-drained, acidic, sandy, and nutrient-deficient soils in gently sloping terrain. In particular, it suggested that soil permeability rate and pH were the two most important predictors of its mid-20th century distribution, with percent contribution measures of 47.9 and 15.0 %, respectively. Chestnut was found in nearly the fastest-draining soils in the county, and with pH values of 5.3–6.8. This study affirmed the findings from previous SDMs regarding determinants of the chestnut’s past and present distribution, while also specifying relationships with environmental predictors to generate a prediction for chestnut habitat suitability in the study area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"590 ","pages":"Article 122819"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liming alone does not guarantee the success of sugar maple regeneration","authors":"Jean-David Moore,&nbsp;Rock Ouimet","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sugar maple (SM; <em>Acer saccharum</em> Marshall) is considered to have a high economical and ecological value in northeastern North America. Over the last few decades, dieback and regeneration failure have posed a threat to its sustainability, particularly in acidic and base-poor soils. We evaluated the status of lower regeneration and dominant regeneration in a base-poor northern hardwood stand in Québec, 20 years after a liming treatment. Liming radically increased the density of lower regeneration and the proportion of SM in this stratum, up to levels more than 7 times those of control plots for the highest doses. Dominant regeneration consisted of only 4 % SM (all in the limed plots), while 85 % was American beech (AB; <em>Fagus grandifolia</em> Ehrh.). However, liming had no statistically significant effect on the composition of dominant regeneration, and no effect or a negative effect on the diameter and height of SM and AB regeneration. This can probably be explained by competition for light and nutrients resulting from a greater regeneration density and canopy closure in response to lime application. Results show that 20 years after its application in an acidic and base-poor northern hardwood stand, a single lime addition can contribute to increasing the proportion of SM at the lower regeneration stage. However, sylvicultural treatments must be considered to ensure that SM lower regeneration reaches a more advanced stratum in the stand.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"590 ","pages":"Article 122809"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can functional identities and geo-topographical differences predict the subtropical forest phylogenetic diversity variations? Conservation and management implications","authors":"Siyu Liu ,&nbsp;Yanbo Yang ,&nbsp;Jieyong Zhan ,&nbsp;Chuping Wu ,&nbsp;Jiejie Jiao ,&nbsp;Wenjie Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122795","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122795","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing tree diversity through forest management remains a key ecological challenge, yet limited attention to phylogenetic diversity has hindered comprehensive biodiversity enhancement strategies. In this study, we analyzed 570 plots (≈36,000 trees) across subtropical non-commercial forests in eastern China, calculating five phylogenetic diversity indices. Using Pearson correlations, redundancy analysis, and structural equation modeling, we identified functional identities as the strongest predictor of phylogenetic diversity (45.54 % variance), outperforming forest age/density (36.97 %) and geo-topography (20.23 %). Key drivers included conifer percentage (17.6 %), evergreen percentage(6.4 %), elevation (4.1 %), and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) tree abundance (3.6 %). Plots with higher proportions of conifers, evergreens, and ECM trees exhibited significantly higher MNTD(Mean Nearest Taxon Distance), SesMPD(Standardized Mean Pairwise Distance), and SesMNTD(Standarized MNTD) values (1.70 times, 6.82 times, and 501.86 times, respectively) than low-proportion plots. Higher elevations correlated with increased Faith’s PD (phylogenetic diversity) but clustered phylogenetic structures (reduced SesMPD and SesMNTD). Older, low-density forests showed 1.28–25.08 times higher MNTD than younger, dense stands. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that preserving functional identities (conifers, evergreens, ECM trees) directly increased phylogenetic overdispersion, particularly in high-elevation, deep-soil regions. These findings highlight that functional identities serve as robust predictors of phylogenetic diversity in subtropical forests, offering actionable insights for conservation strategies aimed at maximizing community evolutionary potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"590 ","pages":"Article 122795"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canopy nitrogen and water addition affect fine-root survival strategies and carbon allocation in a warm-temperate forest in China","authors":"Wen Li ,&nbsp;Yanzhu Su ,&nbsp;Yiwen Qin ,&nbsp;Fuwei Li ,&nbsp;Tenglong Zhou ,&nbsp;Yaqi He ,&nbsp;Jianing Mao ,&nbsp;Mengke Li ,&nbsp;Chang Liu ,&nbsp;Yifei Shi ,&nbsp;Dandan Zhu ,&nbsp;Chunyu Shen ,&nbsp;Lei Ma ,&nbsp;Shenglei Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fine roots adapt to habitat changes, influencing plant survival strategies. However, there is a limited understanding of fine-root survival strategies under different nitrogen (N) and water treatments. Therefore, in an eight-year field control experiment conducted in a warm-temperate forest, we investigated the effects of changes in fine-root survival strategies in response to canopy N, canopy water, and N–water addition on fine-root biomass and functional diversity. Increases in soil nutrients (available N and moisture) promoted a conservative strategy of fine roots in dominant species, as indicated by the community-weighted mean. Compared to increasing tissue density in the non-growth period (with a maximum 44.6 % increase under canopy water addition), increasing fine-root diameter (up to 55.1 % increase under canopy N–water addition) and competition mitigated (maximum 49.9 % reduction under canopy N addition) the decrease in nutrient absorption rate indicators during the growth period, especially for absorptive fine roots. The conservative survival strategy adopted by dominant species provided living spaces for other species, thereby increasing fine-root biomass at the community level (maximum 33.4 % increase in non-growing seasons and 39.3 % in growing seasons, both under combined canopy N–water addition), particularly for non-dominant species. Our study elucidates the changes in fine-root survival strategies under different contexts that reflect potential climate change scenarios, and provides important evidence on the relationship between functional diversity and subsurface carbon allocation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"590 ","pages":"Article 122791"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latitudinal variation in constitutive chemical defense compounds in two host plants of Lymantria dispar (Lymantriidae): Betula pendula (Betulaceae) and Larix sibirica (Pinaceae)","authors":"Anna Subbotina ,&nbsp;Elena Chernyak ,&nbsp;Vladislav Soukhovolsky ,&nbsp;Sergey Morozov ,&nbsp;Vyacheslav Martemyanov","doi":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foreco.2025.122811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dynamics of changes in Earth's climate cause movement of ecotones in the northern direction. Phytophagous insects often expand ahead of populations of their host plants. Due to this range expansion, phytophagous insects will face new populations/species of host plants, which may differ in constitutive chemical defense compounds affecting the insects' growth and development. In this paper, we studied the distribution of potential determinants of toxicity among different populations of host plants of <em>Lymantria dispar</em>: one of the most widespread invasive forest pests in the Holarctic region. We focused on <em>Betula pendula</em> and <em>Larix sibirica</em> populations in Western Siberia, using a 1000-km-long north–south transect covering both <em>L. dispar's</em> historical geographic range and recent natural distribution. We analyzed fatty acids, diterpenoids, β-sitosterol, alcohol nonacosan-10-ol, and nonacosan-10-on in <em>L. sibirica</em> spring needles. We also assayed triterpenoids in <em>B. pendula</em> spring leaves at the same phenological stage, considering these compounds potential bottom-up regulators of pest expansion. We found a significant decrease in concentrations of dehydroabietic acid and nonacosan-10-ol (antifeedant compounds for <em>L. dispar</em>), from south to north in spring needles of <em>L. sibirica</em>. Additionally, we observed a significant increase of fatty-acid levels in these needles along the same south-to-north gradient. There was a nonlinear pattern of the distribution of triterpenoids along the latitudinal gradient in the spring leaves of <em>B. pendula</em> populations. Studies on the variation of plant secondary metabolites — chemical defenses against herbivorous insects — have not been conducted for <em>L. sibirica</em>, and existing research on <em>B. pendula</em> did not include information on the phenological stages of leaf development, despite the known temporal dependence of chemical variability. Our current study fills these gaps. Our findings reveal that dehydroabietic acid and nonacosan-10-ol in <em>L. sibirica</em> may facilitate the northern expansion of the forest defoliator <em>L. dispar</em> and triterpenoids in <em>B. pendula</em> appear unlikely to impede this range shift.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12350,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecology and Management","volume":"590 ","pages":"Article 122811"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}