{"title":"Motion compensation for obstacle detection based on homography and odometric data with virtual camera perspectives","authors":"Michael Miksch, Bin Yang, Klaus Zimmermann","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2010.5548000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2010.5548000","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a method to compensate the image motion of a monocular camera on a moving vehicle in order to detect obstacles. Due to the camera motion, the road surface induces a characteristic image motion between two camera shots. The motion of the camera is determined by the use of odometric data received from the CAN-bus, and the position and orientation of the road is continuously estimated with camera self-calibration. This all leads to a motion field which is predicted based on homography. To prevent the drawbacks of the real camera perspective, different virtual camera perspectives are presented in combination with motion compensation. Possible virtual perspectives are the bird's eye view and image rectification. In addition, a non-linear camera model is used which does not limit the range of obstacle detection to a certain distance and efficiently uses the available image information.","PeriodicalId":123266,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115154129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Detection of independently moving objects through stereo vision and ego-motion extraction","authors":"A. Bak, S. Bouchafa, D. Aubert","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2010.5548108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2010.5548108","url":null,"abstract":"Vision-based autonomous vehicles must face numerous challenges in order to be effective in practical areas. Among these lies the detection and localization of independent-moving objects, so as to track or avoid them. In this paper a method that address this particular issue is presented. Information from stereo and motion is used to extract the ego-motion of the vehicle. Known defects of this estimation are exploited to detect independent-moving obstacles. This method allows an early and reliable detection, even for objects partially occluded. Besides, it highlights the errors in the disparity map, which can be used, in future works, to correct depth-estimation, through motion-estimation.","PeriodicalId":123266,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114734998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Minimisation of alignment error between a camera and a laser range finder using Nelder-Mead simplex direct search","authors":"T. Osgood, Yingping Huang, K. Young","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2010.5548126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2010.5548126","url":null,"abstract":"Presented in this paper is a novel method to calibrate the co-ordinate systems used by two separate sensor devices for the purposes of sensor fusion. In this example the sensors are a camera and a LIDAR device which are observing the same scene from different viewpoints. Using a synthetic set of corresponding 2D image co-ordinates and 3D LIDAR measurements as reference data the task of aligning re-projected measurements with reference measurements was posed as an optimisation problem. The objective of the optimisation is to find a set of calibration parameters (external offsets and internal camera parameters) which minimise the sum of squared errors between the reference image co-ordinates and the re-projected data. The re-projected data is obtained by transforming the reference LIDAR measurements using the calibration parameters and the errors are defined as the straight-line distance between each reference and re-projected pixel pair. Using the Nelder-Mead simplex search method calibration parameters were found in under a second such that the sum of squared errors across a data set of 200 points was less than 0.19 i.e. average error per pixel of 0.031px. The method finds both internal and external calibration factors and makes no assumptions about the model. Furthermore if a second optimisation pass is made the error can be reduced to almost zero using only 4 reference pairs assuming these points are selected correctly.","PeriodicalId":123266,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116138479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jean-Philippe Tarel, N. Hautière, A. Cord, D. Gruyer, Houssam Halmaoui
{"title":"Improved visibility of road scene images under heterogeneous fog","authors":"Jean-Philippe Tarel, N. Hautière, A. Cord, D. Gruyer, Houssam Halmaoui","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2010.5548128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2010.5548128","url":null,"abstract":"One source of accidents when driving a vehicle is the presence of homogeneous and heterogeneous fog. Fog fades the colors and reduces the contrast of the observed objects with respect to their distances. Various camera-based Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) can be improved if efficient algorithms are designed for visibility enhancement of road images. The visibility enhancement algorithm proposed in [1] is not dedicated to road images and thus it leads to limited quality results on images of this kind. In this paper, we interpret the algorithm in [1] as the inference of the local atmospheric veil subject to two constraints. From this interpretation, we propose an extended algorithm which better handles road images by taking into account that a large part of the image can be assumed to be a planar road. The advantages of the proposed local algorithm are its speed, the possibility to handle both color images or gray-level images, and its small number of parameters. A comparative study and quantitative evaluation with other state-of-the-art algorithms is proposed on synthetic images with several types of generated fog. This evaluation demonstrates that the new algorithm produces similar quality results with homogeneous fog and that it is able to better deal with the presence of heterogeneous fog.","PeriodicalId":123266,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121724893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Khosrowabadi, Michel J. H. Heijnen, A. Wahab, Hiok Chai Quek
{"title":"The dynamic emotion recognition system based on functional connectivity of brain regions","authors":"R. Khosrowabadi, Michel J. H. Heijnen, A. Wahab, Hiok Chai Quek","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2010.5548102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2010.5548102","url":null,"abstract":"Emotion perception similar to thinking, learning and remembering is consequent of complicated brain processes which are related to specific biological metabolism. Different human's emotional states are recognizable by measuring and interpreting of human physiological signals. Bio-sensors possess a number of advantages against other emotion recognition methods as they are relatively more consistent across cultures and nations. Emotions have a serious effect on driving. Human beings in negative and sometimes positive emotional states can be distracted which will increase the risk of driving. This paper presents an EEG-based emotion recognition system. Mutual information and magnitude squared coherence are applied to investigate the interconnectivity between 8 scalp regions. A study was performed to collect 8 channels of EEG data from 26 healthy right-handed subjects in experiencing 4 emotional states while exposed to audio-visual emotional stimuli. After feature extraction, 5-fold cross-validation was then performed using the KNN and SVM classifier. The results showed existence of different kind of functional brain connectivity in different emotional states.","PeriodicalId":123266,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127701203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of adequate overtaking margin (AOM) for an overtaking assistance system","authors":"A. Hohm, H. Winner","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2010.5548146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2010.5548146","url":null,"abstract":"On two-lane rural roads, a large number of overtaking accidents happen. In most cases fatalities or serious casualties are the consequence. Often, inaccurate assessment of the traffic situation is identified as the major cause. Hence, the development of a driver assistance concept for these scenarios promises a high safety benefit. This paper shows the results of tests conducted on a test track determining the major parameters for gaining maximum driver-acceptance of such a system.","PeriodicalId":123266,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129961819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Hülnhagen, Ingo Dengler, A. Tamke, T. Dang, G. Breuel
{"title":"Maneuver recognition using probabilistic finite-state machines and fuzzy logic","authors":"T. Hülnhagen, Ingo Dengler, A. Tamke, T. Dang, G. Breuel","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2010.5548066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2010.5548066","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a general approach for recognition of driving maneuvers in advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). Such systems often rely on the identification of driving maneuvers (overtaking, left turn at intersections, etc.) to improve the prediction of potential collisions or to trigger appropriate support for the driver. The proposed maneuver recognition approach combines a fuzzy rule base to model basic maneuver elements and probabilistic finite-state machines to capture all possible sequences of basic elements that constitute a driving maneuver. The proposed method is specifically tailored to ADAS requirements because of its low computational complexity, its flexibility and its straight-forward design based on easily comprehensible logical rules. In addition, we propose a suitable training method to optimize the fuzzy rule base. Our approach is evaluated on the recognition of turn maneuvers. Experiments on real data from a test vehicle demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":123266,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127618513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cruise control with adaptation and wheel torque constraints for improved fuel economy","authors":"Nazli E. Kahveci, Petros A. Ioannou","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2010.5547986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2010.5547986","url":null,"abstract":"Cruise controllers are used to automatically control the speed of motor vehicles. In order to maintain a desired vehicle speed the controller takes over the throttle in a cruise control system which proves particularly useful for long drives. Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) systems have additional capabilities such as automatic braking or dynamic set-speed type controls and hence can accommodate changes in cruise speed required to adapt to changing road conditions. We propose that further improvement in fuel economy can be achieved by considering the vehicle's longitudinal dynamics as an input-constrained system and the wheel torque as the corresponding constrained input. We effectively address the resulting input saturation nonlinearity by employing our adaptive anti-windup compensator design. Simulation results are used to compare the performance of the original cruise control system allowing for the full-range of wheel torque and the ACC system where the wheel torque is forced to remain within the user-defined limits for improved fuel economy.","PeriodicalId":123266,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115436723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael Teutsch, T. Heger, T. Schamm, Johann Marius Zöllner
{"title":"3D-segmentation of traffic environments with u/v-disparity supported by radar-given masterpoints","authors":"Michael Teutsch, T. Heger, T. Schamm, Johann Marius Zöllner","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2010.5548111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2010.5548111","url":null,"abstract":"3D-segmentation of a traffic scene with two-dimensional row- and column-disparity-histograms, namely u/v-disparities, has become more and more popular for modern stereo-camera-based driver assistance systems due to its fast computation in real-time, few memory requirements and robustness against noisy or intermittent data. In this paper, we present a novel approach to support this pure vision-based method by projecting preprocessed radar-signals directly to u-disparity-space. We called the projection result “masterpoints”. This data fusion on low feature-level improved the segmentation process and increased the obstacle detection rate significantly. No assumptions about obstacle-type or -size are needed. Furthermore, the algorithms can be parallelized easily and run in real-time.","PeriodicalId":123266,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131547437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Munz, Mirko Mählisch, J. Dickmann, K. Dietmayer
{"title":"Probabilistic modeling of sensor properties in generic fusion systems for modern driver assistance systems","authors":"M. Munz, Mirko Mählisch, J. Dickmann, K. Dietmayer","doi":"10.1109/IVS.2010.5548040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2010.5548040","url":null,"abstract":"Modern driver assistance and safety systems need a reliable and precise description of the environment. Fusing the measurement data of two or more sensors can improve the performance of the perception system. A generic fusion system which is independent of the attached sensors could be reused in multiple fusion systems and sensor combinations. This could be very helpful because sensor data fusion is a demanding and complex task. In this contribution, we present the algorithmic basics for a generic fusion system, detailed ways on how to model sensor specific properties and which benefits we can achieve by using these models.","PeriodicalId":123266,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131558590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}