法医学杂志最新文献

{"title":"","authors":"超 刘, 纯 李","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.130901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.130901","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"40 4","pages":"411-414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Protease-Hydrogen Peroxide Digestion Method in Forensic Diatom Examination.","authors":"Wen-Qing Guo, Min Chen, Ao Ma, Ping Huang, Ji Zhang","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.440116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.440116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To propose a novel forensic diatom examination method, namely the protease-hydrogen peroxide (PHP) digestion method, and to explore its potential application in forensic practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The PHP digestion method was applied to process lung tissues and compared with the traditional nitric acid digestion method in terms of diatom quantity, recovery rate, proportion of diatom fragments, and recovery efficiency of different diatom genera.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PHP digestion method showed higher diatom quantity, recovery rate, and proportion of diatom fragments compared to the traditional nitric acid digestion method with statistical significance. The average diatom recovery rate was as high as 93.95%. In the lung tissues digested with nitric acid, there were 65 <i>Achnanthes</i>, 36 <i>Nitzschia</i> Ⅰ, 22 <i>Nitzschia</i> Ⅱ, 20 <i>Diploneis</i> and 8 <i>Cymbella,</i> showing significantly lower recovery rates compared to water samples which had 154 <i>Achnanthes</i>, 44 <i>Nitzschia</i> Ⅰ, 45 <i>Nitzschia</i> Ⅱ, 33 <i>Diploneis</i> and 23 <i>Cymbella</i>. However, with the PHP digestion method, only <i>Nitzschia</i> Ⅱ showed a lower recovery rate compared to water samples (<i>P</i><0.05). At the same time, the diatom recovery stability of the PHP digestion method was higher than that of the nitric acid digestion method.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The PHP digestion method is superior to the traditional nitric acid digestion method in the lung tissue diatom extraction efficiency. Additionally, it holds significant advantages in safety, environmental protection, and other aspects. It is expected to be applied in forensic drowning identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"40 4","pages":"317-323"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"美 铭 蔡, 运 春 台, 玲 陈, 平 明 邱, 曦 袁, 晓 连 吴, 煜 钦 孙, 波 峰 朱","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.530606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.530606","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"40 4","pages":"387-390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of 39 Forensic Clinical Sex Identification Cases after Sex Reassignment Surgery.","authors":"Yu-Jiao Wu, Yue-Qin Zhou, Yi-Wen Shen, Jie-Qing Jiang","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.230602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.230602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To analyze the characteristics of forensic clinical sex identification cases after sex reassignment surgery for transsexualism, discuss the main point of forensic clinical sex identification in China based on domestic and foreign sex change policies and related cases, so as to standardize relevant identification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 39 cases of forensic clinical sex identification were collected from Center for Forensic Science, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University in recent years, and the ratio of sex, identification time, the location of surgery, secondary sex characteristic and other information were statistically analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Transgender woman accounted for 97.4% of the cases, and 94.9% of the cases were operated in Thailand. All cases were identified after the sex reassignment surgery, and at least one of the secondary sex characteristics was consistent with the postoperative primary sexual characters. There were only 2 cases in which auxiliary examination was applied.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Forensic clinical sex identification should be based on the principle that the primary and secondary sex characteristics are consistent with the changed sex.</p>","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"40 4","pages":"365-371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and Validity of the Life History of Aggression-Chinese Version in Schizophrenia Patients Assessment.","authors":"Xia-Can Chen, Qin Yang, Qin-Ting Zhang, Ai-Li Ouyang, Jia-Jun Xu, Rui Yang, Zi-Ye Wang, Jin-Hui Zhai, Yan Li, Xiao-Rong Qin, Jun-Mei Hu","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.130602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.130602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To provide a longitudinal evaluation tool based on the frequency of aggressive behavior for the aggression assessment of schizophrenia patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Life History of Aggression was translated and revised to form the Life History of Aggression-Chinese Version (LHA-CV) based on 369 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia in the Chengdu community and compulsory medical institution. The reliability of LHA-CV was analyzed by means of split-half reliability, test-retest reliability and inter-evaluator consistency. The validity was analyzed by item analysis, construct validity and criterion validity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Item analysis found that LHA-CV had good homogeneity and discriminant validity. Exploratory factor analysis found that the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test value was 0.80, and the Bartlett's sphericity test <i>χ</i>²=1 203.46 (<i>P</i><0.05), and it revealed four factors including non-physical aggression, physical aggression, self-directed aggression and antisocial behavior/consequences. The factor loadings for all 11 items were greater than 0.40. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the factor model, Chi-square degree of freedom (<i>χ</i>²/df) was 3.61, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was 0.07, goodness-of-fit index (GFI) was 0.92, comparative fit index (CFI) was 0.90, incremental fit index (IFI) was 0.90, and the discriminant validity of each factor was good. The criterion validity test showed the total score of LHA-CV was positively correlated with the aggressive behavior level of MacArthur Community Violence Instrument, the total score of Buss-Perry Aggression Scale, and the score of Antisocial Personality Disorder Subscale of Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4th Edition Plus (PDQ-4+_ASPD, <i>P</i><0.05). The Cronbach's <i>α</i> coefficient of non-physical aggression, physical aggression, self-directed aggression, antisocial behavior/consequences and LHA-CV total score were 0.82, 0.73, 0.74, 0.56 and 0.79, respectively. The test-retest reliability, Spearman-Brown split-half reliability and intra-class correlation coefficient of LHA-CV total score were 0.82 (<i>P</i><0.05), 0.66 and 0.99, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LHA-CV has good reliability and validity, and can be used as an evaluation tool for longitudinally assessing aggressive behavior in schizophrenia patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"40 4","pages":"352-358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"雯 婷 殷, 恂 怡 沈, 士 东 马","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.430404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.430404","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"40 4","pages":"397-399"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"强 李, 效 宇 黄","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.230508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.230508","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"40 3","pages":"303-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"珊 珊 杜, 焕 陈","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.230510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.230510","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"40 3","pages":"293-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Progress on Detection of New Psychoactive Substance Piperazines <i>in vivo</i>.","authors":"Jin-Ting Liu, Li-Ying Zhou, Jia-Hong Xiang, Zi-Yi Li, Wan-Ting Xie, Ke-Ming Yun, Yan Shi","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.330802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.330802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Piperazines are a class of new psychoactive substances with hallucinogenic effects that affect the central nervous system by affecting the level of monoamine neurotransmitters. Abuse of piperazines will produce stimulating and hallucinogenic effects, accompanied by headache, dizziness, anxiety, insomnia, vomiting, chest pain, tachycardia, hypertension and other adverse reactions, and may even cause cardiovascular diseases and multiple organ failure and lead to death, seriously affecting human physical and mental health and public safety. The abuse of new psychoactive substance piperazines has attracted extensive attention from the international community. The study of its pharmacological toxicology and analytical methods has become a research hotspot in the field of forensic medicine. This paper reviews the <i>in vivo</i> processes, sample treatment and analytical methods of existing piperazines, in order to provide reference for forensic identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"40 3","pages":"276-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment and Validation of a Multiplex PCR Detection System for the Identification of Six Common Edible Meat Components.","authors":"Zhi-Wei Jiang, Ruo-Cheng Xia, Rui-Yang Tao, Cheng-Tao Li","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.531002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.531002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To establish a rapid, accurate, and sensitive multiplex PCR detection method for the simultaneous identification of the six common edible meats (beef, lamp, chicken, pork, goose, duck), and to evaluate its application value in meat adulteration identification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on complete mitochondrial genomic sequences of six species in the GenBank database, DNA sequences (cattle：<i>16S rRNA</i>; sheep：<i>COX-1</i>; chickens：<i>Cytb</i>; pig：<i>COX-1</i>; goose：<i>NADH2</i>; duck：<i>16S rRNA</i>) with intra-species conservation and inter-species specificity were screened, and species-specific primers were designed to construct a multiplex PCR detection system that can simultaneously detect the meat of six common species. The species specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility of the system were studied, and the simulated mixture sample detection was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study successfully constructed a multiplex PCR detection system that can detect the meats of six common species simultaneously. The system was not effective in DNA amplification of non-target species. When the DNA template sizes were 0.062 5-2 ng/μL, the amplified products of all six species could be detected. The duck component was still detected when the mixing ratio of duck and beef was as low as 0.5%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study constructs and establishes a multiplex PCR detection system with strong specificity, high sensitivity, and good reproducibility. It can accurately identify the components of animal origin in common edible meats and provide a simple and practical method for identifying adulteration of common edible meats and meat products in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"40 3","pages":"254-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}