法医学杂志Pub Date : 2024-12-25DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.340202
Zhu-Tao Guo, Qian-Ya Deng, Si-Yang He, Shui-Qing Zheng, Rong Wang, Wen-Juan Sun, Chen Liang, Chun-Fang Ni
{"title":"Rapid Screening of 60 Types of Natural Toxins in Whole Blood by UPLC-Q/Orbitrap HRMS.","authors":"Zhu-Tao Guo, Qian-Ya Deng, Si-Yang He, Shui-Qing Zheng, Rong Wang, Wen-Juan Sun, Chen Liang, Chun-Fang Ni","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.340202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.340202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To establish a rapid screening method for 60 types of natural toxins in whole blood by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/Orbitrap HRMS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The chromatographic and mass spectrometric information of 60 standard samples of natural toxins were analyzed and recorded, and a screening database was built. Whole blood was pretreated by protein precipitation method combined with ultrasonic-assisted dispersion, and then a Hypersil GOLD<sup>TM</sup> C<sub>18</sub> column was used with 5 mmol/L ammonium formate aqueous solution (containing 0.1% formic acid) and acetonitrile as mobile phase for gradient elution. In the positive ion mode, the data were collected in full scan/data-dependent secondary scan (Full MS/dd-MS<sup>2</sup>) mode. Based on the established screening library, the rapid screening of 60 types of natural toxins in whole blood was realized by TraceFinder software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A UPLC-Q/Orbitrap HRMS method was developed for the screening of 60 types of natural toxins in whole blood. Except for the limit of detection (LOD) of oxymatrine (20 ng/mL) and strophanthidin (40 ng/mL), the LOD for the other 58 natural toxins was in the range of 0.05-5 ng/mL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This method has a simple and efficient pretreatment process and can achieve rapid screening of 60 types of natural toxins in whole blood.</p>","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"40 6","pages":"564-568"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
法医学杂志Pub Date : 2024-12-25DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.230902
法医学杂志Pub Date : 2024-12-25DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.231203
Zhi-Lu Zhou, Dong-Fei Zhang, Jie-Min Chen, Ya-Hui Wang, Hong-Xia Hao, Tai-Ang Liu, Yu-Heng He, Ding-Nian Long, Rui-Jue Liu, Lei Wan
{"title":"MRI Application in Quantification of Epiphyseal Development in the Wrist and Bone Age Estimation of Han Male Adolescents in East China.","authors":"Zhi-Lu Zhou, Dong-Fei Zhang, Jie-Min Chen, Ya-Hui Wang, Hong-Xia Hao, Tai-Ang Liu, Yu-Heng He, Ding-Nian Long, Rui-Jue Liu, Lei Wan","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.231203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.231203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the value of wrist MRI in bone age estimation for male adolescents in Shanghai, Zhejiang and Jiangsu.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 124 Han male adolescents aged 6.0 to 18.0 years from Shanghai, Zhejiang and Jiangsu were selected as subjects. Their weight and height were measured, and T1WI and T2WI sequences of the wrist were scanned. The distal ends of the radius and ulna, and the first to five metacarpal epiphyses and corresponding metaphyses were selected as observational indexes after MRI images of the wrist were obtained. The development of each index was classified (0-2 grades) by a deputy senior imaging expert, then the maximum width of each index was measured by another deputy senior expert. Height, weight, classification and maximum width of indexes were used as input variables, and age was used as the target variable. Support vector machine, random forest, current reality tree, and linear regression models were established to estimate the bone age, and the model with the highest accuracy was selected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The height, weight, classification of wrist bone epiphysis development, maximum width of each bone metaphysis and epiphysis were all correlated with age (<i>P</i><0.05). The accuracies of the support vector machine were the highest when the differences between bone age and actual chronological age were within 1.0 and 1.5 years (88.7% and 96.0%, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is feasible to estimate bone age by using MRI images. Quantifying the maximum width of the epiphysis and corresponding metaphysis of bone and combining it with MRI image classification can effectively reduce the estimation error.</p>","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"40 6","pages":"589-596"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
法医学杂志Pub Date : 2024-12-25DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.331001
法医学杂志Pub Date : 2024-12-25DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.340704
Guo-Qing Gao, Shuo Yang, Li-Ying Zhou, Shi-Bei DU, Yan Shi
{"title":"<i>In Vivo</i> Analysis of New Psychoactive Substances： Nitazenes.","authors":"Guo-Qing Gao, Shuo Yang, Li-Ying Zhou, Shi-Bei DU, Yan Shi","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.340704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.340704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nitazenes are a class of synthetic opioids that have recently emerged in the illegal drug market. They are characterized by high potency and a narrow therapeutic window. Compared with traditional opioids, these substances are more likely to cause severe respiratory depression. In recent years, the abuse of nitazenes has occurred frequently, causing hundreds of overdose deaths worldwide, and posing a serious threat to individual health and public safety. As more nitazenes continue to emerge, research on the identification of these substances has received increasing attention. This paper reviews the structural characteristics, <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> pharmacological characterizations and analysis methods of common nitazenes, aiming to provide a basis and reference for the study of these substances in forensic toxicology.</p>","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"40 6","pages":"597-607"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
法医学杂志Pub Date : 2024-12-25DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.431005
Wei-Ping Lü, Xin-Biao Liao, Li-Ju Ren, Xiao-Ping Kong, Yan-Chang Chen, Ya-Fei Chang, Bin Luo
{"title":"Construction and Evaluation of Intimate Partner Homicide Prediction Model.","authors":"Wei-Ping Lü, Xin-Biao Liao, Li-Ju Ren, Xiao-Ping Kong, Yan-Chang Chen, Ya-Fei Chang, Bin Luo","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.431005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.431005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To analyze the independent influencing factors of intimate partner homicide (IPH) cases, construct an IPH prediction model, and provide a basis for criminal profiling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 476 convicted homicide cases in Guangdong Province from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2020, were collected as modeling dataset. They were divided into the IPH group (<i>n</i>=180) and the non-intimate partner homicide (N-IPH) group (<i>n</i>=296) based on whether the offender and victim were intimate partners. Logistic regression was used to build the model, the model was evaluated through the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and a nomogram was drawn. Internal validation was conducted using ten-fold cross-validation method. A total of 126 court judgments from outside Guangdong Province from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2020, were randomly collected for external validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Through multi-factor Logistic regression analysis, 7 variables were ultimately selected for inclusion in the model. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test result of the model was <i>χ</i><sup>2</sup>=13.158, <i>P</i>=0.068. The ROC area under the curve (AUC) of the model was 0.939 (95% CI: 0.919-0.959), the cut-off value was 0.292, the sensitivity was 0.900, and the specificity was 0.865. The calibration curve was close to the ideal curve. The ten-fold cross-validation showed the accuracy of 0.863 and a Kappa value of 0.708. The external validation results showed an AUC of 0.922 (95% CI: 0.872-0.971), a cut-off value of 0.292, a sensitivity of 0.890, and a specificity of 0.886. The calibration curve tended to the ideal curve.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The IPH prediction model based on forensic field indicators has good predictive ability, reliable accuracy and stability, and can provide a scientific method for criminal profiling.</p>","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"40 6","pages":"582-588"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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