法医学杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Homicide Induced by Barium Chloride Poisoning： A Case Report].","authors":"Jianghong Xiong, Lifeng Xu, Chaopeng Yang, Chengren Zhu, Dongbing Peng","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.440705","DOIUrl":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.440705","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"42 3","pages":"292-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Application of Multi-Organ Synchronous Continuous Temperature Monitoring in the Analysis of Postmortem Temperature Changes].","authors":"Jianghuan Lu, Yixin Ma, Zhiao Duan, Xiaoshi Qin, Yunchao Zhou, Jianhua Chen, Jianqiang Deng","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2025.450706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2025.450706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the errors between data obtained by interval sampling at different time intervals and continuous temperature records, and to analyze the cooling kinetic characteristics of postmortem temperature differences at different measurement organs by monitoring multi-organ synchronous continuous temperatures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Liver, brain, rectal, and ambient temperatures were synchronously and continuously recorded for 72 h in 10 adult male rabbits placed in a climate chamber maintained at 25.4 ℃. A measurement organ was considered to have approached ambient temperature when the absolute difference between the site temperature and the ambient temperature at the corresponding time point within the same batch was ≤0.5 ℃. The time at which each organ first met this criterion was recorded. Rectal temperature, a commonly used measurement in forensic practice, was selected for the interval-sampling analysis. From the 12 h continuous temperature record obtained after each rabbit entered the low temperature-difference stage, rectal and corresponding ambient temperatures were obtained at intervals of 1, 2, 3, and 4 h. Linear interpolation was then used to reconstruct each sampled dataset on the same 1-min time axis as the original record. The mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) between each interpolated series and the original continuous rectal temperature-difference record were calculated. Postmortem temperature differences in the liver, brain, and rectum during 0-12 h after death were analyzed according to a first-order kinetic model and analyzed by linear regression to calculate the cooling rate constant <i>K</i>, coefficient of determination <i>R</i>², and half-life of postmortem temperature difference <i>t</i><sub>1/2</sub>. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between body mass and the <i>K</i> value at each measurement site.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The first times at which the liver, brain, and rectum approached ambient temperature were (15.41±0.97)h, (18.31±0.76)h, and (21.13±2.21)h, respectively. As the interval between sampled time points increased from 1 to 4 h, the MAE increased from (0.094±0.028)℃ to (0.176±0.045)℃, and the RMSE increased from (0.126±0.034)℃ to (0.230±0.062)℃. During 0-12h after death, the <i>K</i> values of the liver, brain, and rectum were (0.186±0.007)h<sup>-1</sup>, (0.131±0.011)h<sup>-1</sup>, and (0.126±0.003)h<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The mean <i>R<sup>2</sup></i>values ranged from 0.977 4 to 0.997 0 and the corresponding <i>t</i><sub>1/2</sub> values of the postmortem temperature differences were (3.740±0.154)h, (5.342±0.436)h, and (5.514±0.129)h, respectively. The body mass was negatively correlated with the rectal <i>K</i> value (<i>ρ</i>=-0.726, <i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Multi-organ synchronous continuous temperature monitoring enables continuous recording of the cooling ","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"42 3","pages":"247-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Illegal Drug： Metonitazene].","authors":"Zheng Qiao, Hui Yan, Hang Chen","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2026.360307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2026.360307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metonitazene is a novel psychoactive substance belonging to the nitazene class. It possesses potent analgesic effects comparable to those of fentanyl. However, an overdose of metonitazene can result in respiratory arrest and even death. Based on relevant domestic and international research, this paper systematically reviews the toxicological effects, toxicity data, symptoms of poisoning, <i>in</i><i>vivo</i> process of metonitazene, and the toxicological analytical findings from reported cases, with the aim of providing a reference for forensic identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"42 3","pages":"269-272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Empirical Classification of Tri-Allelic Genotype Cases and Parentage Index Calculation].","authors":"Le Yang, He Ren, Yan Shi, Chong Chen, Li Jia, Qian Yang, Yacheng Liu, Jiangwei Yan","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2025.550604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2025.550604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To standardize the calculation method of the parentage index (PI) for short tandem repeat (STR) tri-allelic genotypes, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of parentage tes‑ ting conclusions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic analysis of 160 real cases was conducted. A classification system was constructed based on the occurrence mechanisms and inheritance patterns of STR tri-alleles, and the PI calculation method was optimized by integrating previous research findings with empirical data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A mechanism-based classification system for STR tri-allelic genotypes was established, comprising Type I (2 subtypes), Type II (6 subtypes), and the trisomic type (2 subtypes). On this basis, a standardized PI calculation method covering all categories of STR tri-allelic genotypes was developed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides methodological guidance for the scientific and standardized calculation of PI for STR tri-allelic genotypes and offers an important reference for the formulation and refinement of relevant industry standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"42 3","pages":"254-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Strategies for Constructing a Technology Transfer System in Forensic Medicine Based on National Policies and Disciplinary Characteristics].","authors":"Qunyan Liu, Jinming Yang, Xiaoyu Guo","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2026.460307","DOIUrl":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2026.460307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The institutional system for the technology transfer has been basically constructed. As a discipline primarily supported by medical technologies, forensic medicine has gradually established an interdisciplinary technological innovation framework. However, most forensic medicine and technological achievements are \"micro-innovations\" oriented to practical applications, which commonly face challenges such as low technology transfer efficiency and special application scenarios, and the supporting policies relevant to forensic medicine technology transfer remain fragmented. Based on the analysis of policies for the technology transfer and the characteristics of forensic medicine, this paper proposes strategies including constructing a scenario-based application innovation paradigm, exploring collaborative innovation models for technology transfer, establishing an incentive mechanism that equally emphasizes research and transfer, and improving a service system conducive to the successful technology transfer.</p>","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"42 3","pages":"207-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Application of Automatic Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction Instrument in Toxic Substances and Illegal Drugs].","authors":"Yawen Xiao, Yaoran Yang, Chongjun Yang, Yan Sun, Yue Chen, Naihan Han, Yuan Meng, Wenjun Wang, Qingshui Ren, Jing Zhu, Tongshu Zhang, Bing Wang, Liyan Zhang","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2026.360303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2026.360303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) serves as a key pretreatment technique for trace toxic substances and illegal drugs in complex matrices. Its degree of automation and extraction efficiency directly affect the sensitivity and reliability of analytical detection methods. At present, the detection of toxic substances and illegal drugs in forensic science continues to face challenges, including labor-intensive sample preparation, substantial matrix interference, limited enrichment efficiency, and difficulty in controlling operational variability. Conventional solid-phase extraction (SPE) techniques largely rely on manual procedures and are therefore unable to simultaneously meet the requirements for high throughput, accuracy and repeatability in trace analyte analysis. To address these limitations, our team established a novel MSPE method with high enrichment factors based on a self-developed fully automated MSPE instrument (Model HS-401-1). Combined with fluorescence immunoassay, high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), and gas chromato- graphy-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the proposed method was applied to the sample pretreatment and quantitative analysis of toxic substances and illegal drugs in wastewater, blood and urine matrices. The results demonstrated that the extraction instrument could accelerate sample pretreatment, markedly increase enrichment factors, effectively reduce matrix interference, and enhance the response signals of target analytes. The accuracy and precision of the established method met the requirements for trace-level analysis. Practical forensic identification cases verified that the automated MSPE system was able to reduce human-induced operational errors and greatly improve the degree of automation and overall efficiency of the pretreatment workflow. This instrument provides a reliable technical solution for the screening of toxic substances and illicit drugs in forensic science and demonstrates significant academic value as well as promising prospects for widespread application.</p>","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"42 3","pages":"240-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Forensic Identification of a Pulverized Dismembered Case： A Case Report].","authors":"Shichao Wu, Wei Chen, Renjie Ding, Huiyang Zhang","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2025.450903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2025.450903","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"42 3","pages":"281-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Application of Portable Mass Spectrometry System in On-site Rapid Detection].","authors":"Yunfeng Zhang, Xinwei Liu, Linpei Dong, Xiaojun Wu, Peng Zhao, Jing Ran","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2026.360403","DOIUrl":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2026.360403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Public security faces pressing needs for on-site rapid detection in areas such as food safety, toxic substances, illegal drugs, hazardous materials, and explosives. Although traditional laboratory detection technologies provide high accuracy, the long detection cycles, the large equipment size, and the complex operation procedures make them unsuitable for rapid response at emergency scenes. To address this technical bottleneck, this paper systematically describes the technical principles and performance characteristics of self-developed mini π portable mass spectrometers, analyzes the adaptation mechanism between detection sensitivity and on-site applications, explores application strategies in major emergency scenarios including food safety, drug control, anti-smuggling operations, forensic toxicology identification, and on-site explosive detection, and establishes a standardized training system. The portable mass spectrometry system is ready for mass production, commercialization, and large-scale promotion, enabling rapid deployment to grassroots frontline testing markets. The instrument overcomes the dependence of conventional mass spectrometry technologies on laboratory environments and demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity in rapid on-site testing, and provides theoretical and practical foundations for the large‑scale and standardized application of rapid detection technologies in complex scenarios such as drug control, hazardous materials management, and rapid identification of physical evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"42 3","pages":"224-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Practice and Prospect of Forensic Medicine Technology Transfer Under Policy Empowerment].","authors":"Guohua Shu","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2026.460704","DOIUrl":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2026.460704","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"42 3","pages":"191-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Strategies and Pathways for Transferring Visual Evoked Potential Technology into Forensic Clinical Identification].","authors":"Jiemin Chen","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2026.260405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2026.260405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Visual evoked potential (VEP) can objectively reflect the conductive function of the visual pathway, so it is considered as one of the core technologies for objective evaluation of visual function impairment in forensic clinical identification. However, when such visual electrophysiological devices are transferred from clinical medical scenarios to forensic identification scenarios, they still face common issues such as malingering and exaggeration of visual function impairment. This paper systematically reviews the current application status and translational needs of visual electrophysiological devices in forensic clinical practice and presents the development of a virtual reality-pattern visual evoked potential (VR-PVEP) instrument. By integrating virtual reality technology with VEP technology and adopting a binocular simultaneous but asynchronous stimulation mode, the device can identify and prevent visual malingering interference. This article further describes the pathway of technical innovation based on practical requirements in forensic clinical identification. It is proposed that problem-oriented approach, collaborative innovation and standard formulation are the keys to promoting the successful transfer of visual electrophysiological devices, such as VEP systems, from \"clinical diagnosis and treatment\" to \"forensic identification\" scenarios, thereby providing more scientific and reliable technical support for forensic clinical visual function impairment identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"42 3","pages":"220-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}