法医学杂志 Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.631201

Kai He, Jin-Long Yuan, Chang-Mao Qiu, Ze-Jun Liu, Yuan-Feng Qi, Zhen-Hui Gao

{"title":"Analysis of the Development and Implementation of the Environmental Damage Compensation System in Japan.","authors":"Kai He, Jin-Long Yuan, Chang-Mao Qiu, Ze-Jun Liu, Yuan-Feng Qi, Zhen-Hui Gao","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.631201","DOIUrl":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.631201","url":null,"abstract":"In the 1950s and 1960s, Japan's implementation of policies prioritizing economic development caused a lack of effective supervision over the discharge of industrial wastewater and exhaust gases, which led to the occurrence of the \"Four Major Pollution Diseases\", including Minamata disease, causing serious social and public health problems. To more effectively address public nuisances and provide compensation to victims, the Japanese government gradually established an environmental damage compensation system with administrative relief characteristics since the 1970s. Through long-term practice and system optimization, this system has evolved into a mature institutional framework with a clear division of labor and efficient collaboration. This paper systematically reviews the development process of Japan's environmental damage compensation system and deeply analyzes its legal framework and supporting policies, aiming to provide useful references for the construction and improvement of China's environmental damage compensation system. Meanwhile, through the case analysis of Minamata disease, the paper explores the specific mechanisms and effects in the compensation practices, further revealing the system's operational characteristics and implications, and providing a reference basis for the construction of China's environmental governance legal system.","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"41 1","pages":"74-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144119281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimate the Age of Han Adult Based on the Pulp Chamber Volume and Pulp Dentinal Index of Right First Molars Using Oral and Maxillofacial CBCT. 基于右第一磨牙牙髓腔体积和牙髓指数的口腔颌面部CBCT估计汉族成人年龄。

法医学杂志 Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.230705

Yan-Jie Ding, Xiao Zhang, Wen-Li Shi, Zi-Yi Li, Wei Wang, Shi-Lin Zhang, Gen-Jie Yang, A-Ji Guo, Bo Jin

{"title":"Estimate the Age of Han Adult Based on the Pulp Chamber Volume and Pulp Dentinal Index of Right First Molars Using Oral and Maxillofacial CBCT.","authors":"Yan-Jie Ding, Xiao Zhang, Wen-Li Shi, Zi-Yi Li, Wei Wang, Shi-Lin Zhang, Gen-Jie Yang, A-Ji Guo, Bo Jin","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.230705","DOIUrl":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.230705","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To explore the correlation between the actual age and the pulp chamber volume (PCV) and pulp dentinal index (PDI) of the right first molars based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) technology, and to construct an accurate and convenient model for age estimation.Methods: CBCT image data of 1 857 Han adults (883 males and 974 females) from the Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College were collected. The data were divided into training and validation sets at a ratio of 8∶2. A total of 1 485 training samples were used to construct the age estimation model, and 372 samples were used to validate the accuracy of the model. The Mimics 21.0 software was used to measure the PCV and calculate the PDI of the right first molars. Their correlations with age and the differences between different sexes and tooth positions were analyzed.Results: Both the PCV and the PDI of the first molars showed strong negative correlations with the actual age (r values ranged from 0.82 to 0.89). The differences in PCV and PDI between different sexes and tooth positions were statistically significant (P<0.05). The age estimation model based on PDI was superior to that based on PCV. The model based on the PDI values of the two right first molars (y=73.72-44.15 x3-28.27 x4, where x3 and x4 are the PDI values of the right maxillary and mandibular first molars, respectively) was the best, with the R2 of 0.79 and the mean absolute error of 4.90 years.Conclusions: Both PCV and PDI of the first molars are effective indicators for age estimation. The age estimation model based on the PDI is more convenient and accurate than that based on the PCV, providing a more effective method for age estimation in forensic practice.","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"41 1","pages":"59-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

法医学杂志 Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.440304

晓军李, 明庆廖

引用次数: 0

Thoughts on the Development of Forensic Medicine Discipline Standing at a New Historical Starting Point. 站在新的历史起点上对法医学学科发展的思考。

法医学杂志 Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.440607

Cheng-Tao Li, Bin Cong

引用次数: 0

法医学杂志 Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2025.550202

一平侯

引用次数: 0

Seventy Years of Passing on the Torch, Striving Forward in the New Era - Thoughts on the Construction of Forensic Medicine at Sun Yat-sen University. 传承七十年新时代奋进——中山大学法医学专业建设的思考

法医学杂志 Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.540101

Hong-Yu Sun, Hu Zhao

引用次数: 0

法医学杂志 Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.230806

森王, 毅吴, 胜杰陈, 飞翔王

引用次数: 0

法医学杂志 Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2025.450201

传香陈, 玲陈, 霞岳, 东访乔, 平明邱, 超刘

引用次数: 0

Establishment and Application of TaqMan qPCR Detection Method for Human DNA Contamination in DNA Laboratory. DNA实验室人类DNA污染TaqMan qPCR检测方法的建立及应用

法医学杂志 Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.531004

Gao-Fang Shen, Yong-Song Zhou, Jian-Qiu Zhang, Shi-You Ji, Ying-Feng Wu, Hao Shang, Bo-Feng Zhu

{"title":"Establishment and Application of TaqMan qPCR Detection Method for Human DNA Contamination in DNA Laboratory.","authors":"Gao-Fang Shen, Yong-Song Zhou, Jian-Qiu Zhang, Shi-You Ji, Ying-Feng Wu, Hao Shang, Bo-Feng Zhu","doi":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.531004","DOIUrl":"10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.531004","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To establish a highly sensitive and specific method for detecting human DNA based on real time quantitative PCR (qPCR) technique for the rapid detection of potential DNA contamination sources in DNA laboratories.Methods: Primers and probes were designed with Primer ExpressTM software using the reference sequence of human 18S rRNA gene as a template, and the optimal prime-probe combination was screened by matrix method. The PCR products of the target sequence of human 18S rRNA gene were used to construct the plasmid, and a plasmid standard was used to draw the standard curve of the qPCR system. According to the Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-time PCR Experiments (MIQE) guidelines, the specificity, sensitivity, repeatability and application effect of the qPCR system were evaluated.Results: The sensitivity of the qPCR system established in this study was 5.3×10-5 ng/μL, which showed good specificity for human DNA samples. The correlation coefficient of the qPCR system was -0.999, and amplification efficiency was 100%. Both the intra-batch and inter-batch variation coefficients were less than 2%.Conclusions: The established human DNA detection method based on qPCR technique has good specificity, high sensitivity, and robust stability. It can be used for rapid detection of DNA contamination and daily monitoring of the accumulated human DNA in the laboratory environment.","PeriodicalId":12317,"journal":{"name":"法医学杂志","volume":"41 1","pages":"66-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

法医学杂志 Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.240707

邵文陈, 宏虹潘, 轶慧吴, 洁清江

引用次数: 0

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