Evaluation & the Health Professions最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of the Effects of the Strengthening Families Program in Quebec Adolescents and Parents Living in Challenging Family Conditions.","authors":"Sylvie Hamel, Carl Lacharité, Michael Cantinotti, Andrée-Anne Lepage, Jean Montambeault, Chantal Chicoine","doi":"10.1177/01632787251341460","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01632787251341460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Strengthening Families Program (SFP) has recognized value in preventing criminality and drug use in adolescents from underprivileged backgrounds. The objective of this study was to measure the effects of a 14-week version of this program targeting adolescents 12-16 years old in two medium-sized Quebec municipalities, using a repeated-measure design. The study participants were: 1) an intervention group, consisting of 71 adolescents and 61 parents who participated in the SFP between January 2018 and December 2019; and 2) a comparison group, consisting of 57 adolescents and 56 parents. Multivariate longitudinal regression indicates that the SFP reinforces some protective factors, such as the parent-child relation, as well as some key dimensions of family strengths. However, no effect was observed on parenting practices or adolescents' social behaviour. The differences between the intervention and control groups, the clinical significance of the results, and challenges of evaluating the SFP are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"92-99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12847457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144127066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the Application of Continuous Nursing Model in Postoperative Rehabilitation of Patients With Lower Extremity Varicose Veins.","authors":"Junxia Du, Yuan Bai, Ying Yu","doi":"10.1177/01632787251319061","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01632787251319061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the effectiveness of a continuous nursing model in the postoperative rehabilitation of patients with lower extremity varicose veins. Using a randomised controlled trial design, we compared the outcomes of patients receiving continuous nursing care with those receiving routine care. The study included 120 patients divided equally into control and experimental groups. Outcomes were measured in terms of rehabilitation quality (wound healing time, lower extremity functional scale scores, complication rates) and quality of life (QoL). Significant improvements were seen in the experimental group across multiple measures, including faster wound healing (<i>p</i> < .05), better functional recovery (<i>p</i> < .01) and higher QoL scores (<i>p</i> < .01). These findings suggest that implementing a continuous nursing model can significantly enhance the postoperative rehabilitation and overall well-being of patients with lower extremity varicose veins.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"109-116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How is Tobacco Use Addressed at US Substance Use Disorder Treatment Facilities? The Importance of Financial Support for Tobacco Cessation Treatment.","authors":"Steve Sussman, Eric Shanazari, Leah Meza, Myriam Forster, Artur Galimov","doi":"10.1177/01632787251362506","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01632787251362506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Persons in substance use disorders (SUD) treatment report a high prevalence of tobacco use. Often neglected in SUD treatment, some recent state-level policies mandated screening and offering tobacco use treatment or referral. We interviewed 85 providers from 68 SUD treatment facilities across 20 US states, assessed providers' estimates of tobacco use prevalence in their facilities, their perceptions on types of nicotine-containing products used by their service users, tobacco policies that were implemented at their facilities, and whether treatment (counseling or pharmacologic treatment) was offered. Prevalence estimates replicate prior findings; however, the variability of the types of nicotine-containing products used was greater than what has been reported in prior studies (cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and modern oral nicotine products). According to providers, 44 (64.7%) of the facilities offered tobacco cessation treatment, and 49 (72.1%) offered FDA-approved pharmacologic adjuncts. Treatment centers in our sample in states mandating assessment/treatment of tobacco use were relatively less likely to offer tobacco cessation treatment (52.8% vs. 78.1%), whereas facilities that accepted insurance as a payment option were more likely to provide these services (77.6% vs. 31.6%). These data suggest that policy mandates may be less effective than financial incentives at promoting tobacco use cessation in SUD facilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"86-91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144816084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Status of Presenteeism Among Clinical Nurses in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Xiang Zeng, Kun Wang, Ya Le Guo, Zhao Lan Wang, Jun Wen Li","doi":"10.1177/01632787251329968","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01632787251329968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the evolution of healthcare, the demand for medical services is rising. Nurses, facing high workloads and job indispensability, are at risk of presenteeism due to health issues, which impairs their focus and productivity. Nursing is a high-risk, high-stress profession, and compared to other medical personnel, nurses are more susceptible to presenteeism. Presenteeism can have severe consequences for nursing staff, the quality of care, and healthcare institutions. Although previous studies have explored the prevalence of presenteeism among nurses, there are variations in reported data due to differences in regions and assessment tools, and there is a scarcity of meta-analyses specifically addressing the prevalence of presenteeism among Chinese nurses. The study systematically assesses the incidence rate of presenteeism among nurses and evaluates the impact of various factors, including gender, marital status, department, professional title, position, education level, and employment relationship, on the incidence rate of presenteeism. Systematic review and meta-analysis. The following databases were searched: China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, VIP Database, China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. The search covered all literature published before June 15, 2024. Researchers independently conducted all literature screening, quality assessment, and data extraction and analysis. The average scores and standard deviations of the Chinese version of the Health and Productivity Loss (SPS-6) scale were pooled using Stata 14.0 with a random-effects meta-analysis. Finally, subgroup analysis was employed to explore the sources of heterogeneity between studies. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a total of 26 studies were included, involving 12,366 clinical nurses from China. Our findings indicate that the overall average score for absenteeism was 16.48 (95% CI: 15.64-17.32). Furthermore, subgroup analysis revealed that female nurses, married nurses, those with the title of nurse practitioner, clinical nurses, those with a secondary vocational education, contract nurses, and nurses from the ICU had higher presenteeism scores. The level of presenteeism among clinical nurses in China is moderate. Female nurses, married nurses, those with the title of nurse practitioner, clinical nurses, nurses with a secondary vocational education, contract nurses, and those from the ICU exhibit more pronounced presenteeism. These findings may provide a theoretical basis for hospital managers to address and manage presenteeism. PROSPERO number: CRD42024557555.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"20-31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediating Effect of Emotional Labour on the Role Pressure and Silence Behaviour of Nurses.","authors":"Lianci He, Jianhua Liu, Rong Sun, Yuan Deng, Ling Tang, Shaochuan Chen","doi":"10.1177/01632787251329029","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01632787251329029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the mediating effect of emotional labour on role stress and silence behaviour among nurses in a women-children special hospital to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for nursing management. A cross-sectional design was used. Data were collected from a grade-A tertiary women-children special hospital used convenience sampling. A path analysis of the relationships among emotional labour, role stress and silence behaviour was conducted using structural equation modelling (SEM).Statistical analysis of data and construction of SEM were conducted using the General Information Questionnaire, Role Stressors Scale, Emotional Labour Scale and Silence Behaviour Scale as survey tools along with SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 24.0 software. A total of 1,145 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 98.5%. The respondents' scores for role stress, emotional labour and silence behaviour were 35.49 ± 4.47, 40.67 ± 5.49 and 10.14 ± 3.79, respectively. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between emotional labour and role stress and silence behaviour. The SEM analysis showed that emotional labour was a mediator for role stress. Emotional labour functions as a mediator between role stress and silence behaviour among nurses in the women-children special hospital. As such, nursing managers must take nurses' emotional management skills seriously to reduce their role stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"3-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncology Surgeons' Work Motivation, Organizational Cynicism, and Risk Factors: Associations With Patient Mortality Incidence Rates.","authors":"Cemre Eda Erkılıç, Nihan Potas, Osman Şahman","doi":"10.1177/01632787251411078","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01632787251411078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychosocial factors such as organizational cynicism and work motivation are associated with clinical outcomes, along with the knowledge and skills of medical professionals. Oncology surgeons, in particular, represent a critical group in terms of patient safety and mortality due to the high-risk surgical environment. The study aims to examine the association of organizational cynicism, work motivation, and professional and demographic characteristics of oncology surgeons with patient mortality. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 107 surgeons practicing in Türkiye to collect data. A cross-sectional, descriptive approach was selected as the research design. The study followed the STROBE checklist for observational research. The Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale (MWMS) and the Organizational Cynicism Scale (OCS) were used as measurement tools. To predict patient mortality rate, negative binomial regression analysis was used. Increased cognitive cynicism (IRR = 1.033, <i>p</i> < .001) and identified regulation (IRR = 1.188, <i>p</i> < .001) were associated with higher patient mortality rate. Contrastingly, increased intrinsic motivation (IRR = 0.944, <i>p</i> < .001) was associated with decreased mortality rate. Furthermore, gender and managerial position were associated with clinical outcomes as control variables. Reducing organizational cynicism and supporting autonomous motivation may inform strategic approaches to strengthening patient safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"32-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145803623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multidisciplinary Model for the Governance of Clinical Innovation: Insights From a Qualitative Study of Australian Doctors.","authors":"Miriam Wiersma, Ian Kerridge, Wendy Lipworth","doi":"10.1177/01632787251324662","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01632787251324662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clinical innovation by doctors involves the development and use of interventions that have not been formally evaluated according to the usual standards of evidence-based medicine. While the distinction between research and innovation has been discussed theoretically, little is known about how doctors working in different specialty areas define and understand clinical innovation and how they distinguish it from other related practices. In order to address this gap, this qualitative interview study explored how doctors from diverse specialties defined and understood clinical innovation. Thirty-one semi-structured interviews were conducted with Australian doctors from surgery, reproductive medicine, and cancer care. While participants defined clinical innovation in similar ways, they also identified several morally and clinically salient characteristics that distinguish different types of innovation. Based on these findings, we developed a multidisciplinary governance model for clinical innovation that accounts for its diversity and complexity. This governance model offers clear guidance for determining what types of oversight are most appropriate for different types of clinical innovation. Its benefits include that it can be applied across diverse medical specialties and used alongside existing models, such as those used to identify clinical innovation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"75-85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12852782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Dual Effect of Work Rumination in the Relationship Between Challenge Stress and Innovative Behavior: A Moderated Mediation Model of Information Literacy.","authors":"Lifeng Yao, Siqi Li, Liping Yao, Yanyu Fang, Chu Gao, Yufei Chai, Xiaoyan Yi, Qin Jia, Jing Dai","doi":"10.1177/01632787251316854","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01632787251316854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Innovation in healthcare is crucial for enhancing patient care and operational efficiency. Nurses often experience stress that may impede the process of innovation. This study utilizes the Job Demands-Resources model and Cognitive Appraisal Theory to investigate the impact of challenge stress, work rumination, and information literacy on the expression of innovative behaviors among nurses. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in China in June 2024, involving a sample of 533 nurses. Participants were required to complete online questionnaires designed to evaluate challenge stress, work rumination, information literacy, and innovative behavior. The data collected were analyzed using the PROCESS macro in SPSS. Challenge stress exhibited a statistically significant positive correlation with innovative behavior (r = 0.142, <i>p</i> < .01) and work rumination (r = 0.348, <i>p</i> < .01). The relationship between challenge stress and innovative behaviors was partially mediated by work rumination. Affective rumination was found to exert a negative influence, while problem-solving pondering demonstrated a positive impact. The relationship between work rumination and innovative behaviors was moderated by information literacy (β = 0.069, <i>p</i> = .019), indicating that the effects were more pronounced at higher levels of information literacy among nurses. Challenge stress enhances innovative behaviors through work rumination. The presence of information literacy further amplifies these positive effects, particularly via problem-solving pondering. However, it is important to note that affective rumination impede this process.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"10-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing the Reporting of Notifiable Conduct in Health Professionals in Australia.","authors":"Deepti Bhasin, Karl Kilian Konrad Wiener","doi":"10.1177/01632787251368457","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01632787251368457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Notification of misconduct is a requirement by the Australian Health Practitioner Regulatory Agency. The study focuses on examining the factors that influence the intention to report misconduct by applying the Theory of planned behavior model. <b>Method:</b> The quantitative online survey study using vignettes and questionnaires examined one hundred and seventy-two regulated health professionals on factors that may impact the willingness to report on notifiable conduct. <b>Results:</b> The findings indicate that clinicians were more inclined to report on sexual misconduct and alcohol misuse conduct, however, they did not report on clinicians' competencies. Perceived behavior control, descriptive norms, and subjective norms predicted intention to report notifiable conduct, while attitude was not a predictor. Clinicians with a higher reporting intention were more likely to engage in actual reporting behavior. The behavioral pattern of reporting notifiable conduct did not differ among the three health professional groups. <b>Conclusion:</b> The findings identify important factors that assist clinicians in their decision-making when reporting observed misconduct. Awareness of these factors reduces health care related misconduct. That is, organizations are encouraged to develop specific programs that facilitate clinicians' decision making by educating and refreshing their knowledge of the factors impacting their intention to report misconducts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"55-64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Different Educational Approaches in Improving Comprehensive Clinical Competence Among Medical Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Liping Zhang, Fang He, Lingyun Wei, Sha Dou, Yiwei Hua","doi":"10.1177/01632787261415886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01632787261415886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Active, student-centred teaching strategies are increasingly being adopted to bridge the gap between biomedical knowledge and clinical performance in health-profession education. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of five student-centred educational approaches in medical students' knowledge acquisition and clinical skills performance. We conducted a systematic review with random-effects meta-analysis of 21 controlled trials enrolling 1,028 intervention and 961 control participants. Outcomes were classified as knowledge based (MCQ or written exams; <i>n</i> = 11) or skills based (Objective Structured Clinical Examination, Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills, Script Concordance Test; <i>n</i> = 10). Interventions were grouped into five categories: case-based methods, conventional simulation, virtual reality (VR)/video simulation, artificial intelligence-guided tutoring and flipped/outcome-based formats. Heterogeneity was assessed using I² and τ², with leave-one-out and trim-and-fill sensitivity analyses, and subgroup differences were tested by χ². Knowledge-based outcomes showed a pooled Hedges' g of 1.40 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.78-2.01; I² = 95.0%), whereas skills-based outcomes yielded 3.11 (95% CI 1.83-4.39; I² = 97.7%), with a significant domain difference (χ² = 5.60, <i>p</i> = 0.018). Subgroup analysis by pedagogical mechanism demonstrated significant effect variation (χ² = 15.03, <i>df</i> = 4, <i>p</i> = 0.018), with conventional simulation and VR/video simulation producing the largest gains. It should be noted that some categories, such as AI-guided tutoring, were represented by only a single study. Despite extreme heterogeneity, sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness, and publication bias minimally attenuated skills-based estimates. Student-centred approaches markedly outperform lectures for both knowledge acquisition and clinical skills, notably with simulation-based methods. Educators should integrate these strategies according to learning objectives and context. This study provides novel comparative evidence that the magnitude of benefit varies substantially across pedagogical approaches, with conventional simulation showing the greatest impact on skill acquisition, a distinction crucial for strategic curriculum design. Future research should explore long-term outcomes, cost-effectiveness and patient-care impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":12315,"journal":{"name":"Evaluation & the Health Professions","volume":" ","pages":"1632787261415886"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146003439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}