European Respiratory Journal最新文献

{"title":"Incident tuberculosis in people with HIV across Europe from 2012 to 2022: incidence rates, risk factors and regional differences in a multicentre cohort study.","authors":"Christian Kraef, Ashley Roen, Daria Podlekareva, Elzbieta Bakowska, Johannes Nemeth, Michael Knappik, Marie-Christine Payen, Ferdinand Wit, Cristina Mussini, Antonella d'Arminio Monforte, Antonella Castagna, Nikoloz Chkhartishvili, Bastian Neesgaard, Nadine Jaschinski, Alain Volny Anne, Elena Borodulina, Marie Ballif, Elmar Wallner, Dennis Israelski, Harmony Garges, Amanda Mocroft, Ole Kirk","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01904-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.01904-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death among people with HIV. The aim of this study was to describe the incidence of TB, to explore risk factors and to calculate their population attributable fractions (PAFs) in people with HIV across Europe, stratified by region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a longitudinal study of people with HIV aged ≥18 years with follow-up from either 1 January 2012 or cohort enrolment until date of a TB diagnosis, date of last visit, death or 31 December 2022. Factors associated with TB, in particular antiretroviral therapy status and smoking, were analysed using multivariable Poisson regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 38 837 participants with HIV had a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 7.7 (4.3-10.4) years. Overall, 306 TB cases were diagnosed during 275 811 person-years of follow-up (PYFU) (incidence rate 1.03 (95% CI 0.91-1.11) per 1000 PYFU). 3.3% (81/2428) of participants had incident TB in Eastern Europe (incidence rate 6.13 (95% CI 4.93-7.62) per 1000 PYFU). Overall, the incidence rate decreased from 2.03 (95% CI 1.53-2.68) per 1000 PYFU in 2012 to 0.44 (95% CI 0.20-0.97) per 1000 PYFU in 2022. Modifiable risk factors were smoking (adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) 2.94, 95% CI 1.62-5.34) and not receiving antiretroviral therapy (<i>versus</i> on; aIRR 3.29, 95% CI 2.36-4.58). A history of TB pre-baseline increased the risk of recurrence (aIRR 7.77, 95% CI 4.09-14.74). The PAF for not receiving antiretroviral therapy was 34.6% in non-Eastern Europe and 31.2% in Eastern Europe.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TB incidence has been decreasing among people with HIV, but remains more frequent in Eastern Europe. Improvement of antiretroviral therapy coverage and adherence and a focus on non-communicable disease risk factors such as smoking could reduce the incidence of TB.</p>","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung cancer screening in Europe: a golden opportunity to address tobacco use through scalable, WHO-guided cessation interventions.","authors":"Mahdi Sheikh,Elisabete Weiderpass","doi":"10.1183/13993003.00124-2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00124-2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TB and HIV co-infection in Eastern Europe: the myth of Sisyphus.","authors":"Alberto Matteelli,Sofia Lovatti,Stela Bivol","doi":"10.1183/13993003.00455-2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00455-2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to: Extracorporeal photopheresis for the prevention of rejection after lung transplantation.","authors":"Alberto Benazzo,Peter Jaksch","doi":"10.1183/13993003.00725-2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00725-2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mannose-6-phosphate: a shield for the pulmonary endothelium.","authors":"Kelsey D Sack,Eric P Schmidt","doi":"10.1183/13993003.00417-2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00417-2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"147 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WHO online guide on the use of digital technologies for tuberculosis programmes.","authors":"Onno W Akkerman,Dennis Falzon,Giovanni Battista Migliori,Olha Konstantynovska,Fusun Oner Eyuboglu,Charalambos Sismanidis,Avinash Kanchar,Raquel Duarte","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01126-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01126-2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viewpoint: a critique of pulmonary vascular resistance to define severe pulmonary hypertension.","authors":"Robert Naeije,Ari Chaouat,Michael R Pinsky","doi":"10.1183/13993003.00409-2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00409-2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetic age among US adults with chronic respiratory diseases: results from NHANES 1999-2002.","authors":"Javier Perez-Garcia, Dennis Khodasevich, Sara De Matteis, Mary B Rice, Belinda L Needham, David H Rehkopf, Andres Cardenas","doi":"10.1183/13993003.00293-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.00293-2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177333/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dupilumab and lymphoma risk among patients with asthma: a population-based cohort study.","authors":"Kevin Sheng-Kai Ma,Bethany Brumbaugh,Rebecca R Saff,Wanda Phipatanakul,Serena Yun-Chen Tsai,Mike Westmeijer,Allison Holt,Joseph Ebriani,Carlos A Camargo,Steven T Chen","doi":"10.1183/13993003.00139-2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00139-2025","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDDupilumab is approved for treatment of atopic dermatitis, asthma and other allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis. Recent studies suggest that patients with atopic dermatitis receiving dupilumab are at higher risk of developing cutaneous lymphoma. This study aimed to investigate the risk of lymphoma among asthma patients treated with dupilumab.METHODSThis population-based cohort study included U.S. patients with asthma who initiated dupilumab or the active comparator (combination therapy with inhaled corticosteroids [ICS] plus long-acting beta agonists [LABA], or ICS/LABA), between 2018 and 2024. Propensity score matching was used to balance baseline characteristics between groups. The primary outcome was new-onset lymphoma, and the secondary outcomes were other malignancies and all-cause mortality.RESULTSA total of 14 936 dupilumab-treated and 734 126 ICS/LABA-treated asthma patients were included. After propensity score matching, dupilumab-treated patients were found to have a higher risk of lymphoma (n=54 versus 43 cases, hazard ratio [HR]=1.79, 95% CI 1.19, 2.71), especially T and natural killer (NK) cell lymphomas (n=19 versus <10, HR=4.580, 95% CI 1.82, 11.53). There was no significant difference in incidence of other malignant neoplasms. Dupilumab was also associated with significantly lower all-cause mortality (n=328 versus 793, HR=0.65, 95% CI 0.57, 0.74).CONCLUSIONSDupilumab treatment was associated with lower all-cause mortality among asthma patients despite increased risk of lymphoma, particularly T and NK cell lymphomas. These findings highlight the need for long-term surveillance and further research into the immunological mechanisms underlying dupilumab-associated lymphoma in asthma.","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracorporeal photopheresis for the prevention of rejection after lung transplantation.","authors":"Guanyu Yang,Hailong Bing","doi":"10.1183/13993003.02478-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.02478-2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}