European Respiratory Journal最新文献

{"title":"AI-driven CT quantification of mucus plugs to evaluate the effect of inhaled hypertonic saline in children aged 3-6 years with cystic fibrosis: a randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Yuxin Chen, Rudolfs Latisenko, Stephanie D Davis, Margaret Rosenfeld, Felix Ratjen, Karen D Hinckley Stukovsky, Stephen Stick, Harm A W M Tiddens","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01917-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.01917-2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13519836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148577549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A clinical support tool using artificial intelligence to diagnose pulmonary hypertension.","authors":"Seyed M Shams, Mary E Maldarelli, Yijun Yin, Steven Cassady, Gautam Ramani, Colleen M Ennett, Bradley A Maron, Katarina Zeder","doi":"10.1183/13993003.00125-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.00125-2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13519832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148162430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventing mucus plugs in COPD: a potential role for erdosteine.","authors":"Peter M A Calverley","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01274-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.01274-2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"68 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13519833/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attacking asthma - viruses and azithromycin: connecting the mechanistic dots.","authors":"Vanessa M McDonald, Peter G Gibson","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01038-2026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01038-2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"68 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>ERJ</i> Podcast August 2026: Fentanyl or morphine for persistent dyspnoea in COPD.","authors":"","doi":"10.1183/13993003.E6802-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.E6802-2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"68 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating mental health into respiratory care: reflections on the ELF/ERS mental health statement and advocacy pack.","authors":"Ingeborg Farver-Vestergaard, Ben Ainsworth, Latinka Basara, Jeanette Boyd, Lisa Jane Brighton, Jean-Marie Bruzzese, Jean-Michel Fourrier, Markus C Hayden, Ann Hutchinson, Samantha Piers, Liz Steed, Marieke Verkleij, Eleonora Volpato, Laura Wilde, Andreas von Leupoldt","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01146-2026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01146-2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"68 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GOLD stage 1 COPD requires precise intervention based on disease progression.","authors":"Fan Wu, Qi Wan, Xiaohui Wu, Kunning Zhou, Junfeng Lin, Yumin Zhou, Nanshan Zhong, Pixin Ran","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01006-2026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01006-2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"68 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Azithromycin enhances epithelial antiviral immunity in uncontrolled asthma: results from the AZIMUNE randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Muzhda Ghanizada, Sofia Malm Tillgren, Mandy Menzel, Louis Praeger-Jahnsen, Nihaya Mahmoud Said, Sisse Ditlev, Asger Sverrild, Celeste Porsbjerg, Lena Uller, Therese Lapperre","doi":"10.1183/13993003.02441-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.02441-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Viral respiratory infections are the leading trigger of asthma exacerbations, and impaired epithelial type I and III interferon (IFN) responses may contribute to more severe exacerbations. Azithromycin reduces exacerbations clinically, but its effects on epithelial antiviral immunity remain unclear. This study investigated whether azithromycin treatment enhances airway epithelial antiviral responses and modulates alarmin concentrations in patients with uncontrolled asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the investigator-initiated, double-blind, placebo-controlled AZIMUNE trial, 40 adults with uncontrolled asthma were randomised (1:1) to azithromycin (500 mg three times per week) or placebo (identical regimen) for 12 weeks. Bronchial epithelial cells were obtained <i>via</i> bronchoscopy at baseline and after week 12, and cultured and infected <i>ex vivo</i> with rhinovirus. Protein levels of IFN-β, IFN-λ, alarmins (interleukin (IL)-33 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP)) and pro-inflammatory cytokines were quantified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Azithromycin significantly increased rhinovirus-induced concentrations of IFN-β (p=0.047) and IFN-λ (p=0.013) in the azithromycin group (n=16) compared with baseline, whereas no change was seen in the placebo group (n=16). Azithromycin treatment also reduced IL-33 concentrations (p=0.001), while TSLP levels were unaffected. Clinical outcomes improved numerically in the azithromycin group, but differences <i>versus</i> placebo were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Azithromycin enhances epithelial antiviral immunity and attenuates IL-33 concentrations in response to rhinoviral infection in asthma. The dual immunomodulatory effect of azithromycin supports its role as adjunctive therapy to prevent virus-induced exacerbations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13519834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NETs in pleural infection: biological signal or clinical tool?","authors":"José M Porcel, Y C Gary Lee","doi":"10.1183/13993003.00815-2026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00815-2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"68 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung transplantation for ultra-rare diseases: from anecdote to evidence, a collective responsibility.","authors":"Jérôme Le Pavec, Federica Meloni","doi":"10.1183/13993003.00971-2026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00971-2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"68 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}