European Respiratory Journal最新文献

{"title":"Real-world safety signals of isoniazid in adults and children: a complementary FAERS analysis to inform paediatric dose optimisation.","authors":"Yunyu Lin, Qiqi Tian, Wukun Ge","doi":"10.1183/13993003.00813-2026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00813-2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"68 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149149286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Home-based, remotely supervised, high-intensity interval training and cardiorespiratory fitness in children and adolescents with post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans: a randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Fernanda Salazar-Pérez, Verónica Sanz-Santiago, Inés de Mir-Messa, Olaia Sardón Prado, Erika Rezola Arcelus, Paula Corcuera Elosegui, Cristina de Manuel Gómez, Ana Díez Izquierdo, Amanda Ferrer Barberá, David Blanco, Marta Amor-Barbosa, Tamara Iturriaga Ramírez, Alejandro López-Neyra, Margarita Pérez Ruiz, Márcio Vinícius Fagundes Donadio","doi":"10.1183/13993003.00265-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.00265-2026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has shown effectiveness in improving cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) across various chronic respiratory diseases, its impacts on individuals with post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) remain unexplored. Our aim was to assess the effects of a home-based, remotely supervised, HIIT programme on CRF, clinical and functional variables in patients with PIBO.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants of this assessor-blinded, multicentre, randomised controlled trial were individuals with PIBO aged 6-20 years. An exercise (EXE) group underwent two 40-min sessions of HIIT remotely supervised in real time per week. Sessions were continued for 16 weeks. The control (CON) group adhered to general physical activity recommendations. The primary outcome was peak oxygen uptake (<i>V̇</i> _O₂ _peak), time to first ventilatory threshold (VT₁), percentage of <i>V̇</i> _O₂ at VT₁ and ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide, determined <i>via</i> cardiopulmonary exercise testing on a treadmill. Secondary outcomes were lung function (spirometry), muscle strength (dynamometry), functional capacity (30-s sit-to-stand (30s-STS) test), body mass index and St George's Respiratory Questionnaire score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>51 PIBO patients were enrolled (EXE group n=25; CON group n=26) (49% females; mean±sd age 13.3±4.2 years; forced expiratory volume in 1 s -3.56±1.28 (z-score); <i>V̇</i> _O₂ _peak 36.8±8.6 mL·kg^-1·min^-1). The HIIT intervention resulted in improvements in <i>V̇</i> _O₂ _peak (mean difference 3.39 mL·kg^-1·min^-1; p=0.04), time to VT₁ (mean difference 1.05 min; p=0.04) and number of repetitions in the 30s-STS test (mean difference 2.21 repetitions; p=0.04). No differences were found in the other variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our real-time, remotely supervised HIIT intervention was effective at significantly increasing CRF and functional capacity in children and adolescents with PIBO.</p>","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148162379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Third PLeural Effusion And Symptom Evaluation (PLEASE-3) study: bendopnoea in patients with pleural effusion.","authors":"Bianca M Iacopetta, Bapti Roy, Charley A Budgeon, Michaela Donaghy, Matthew Ing, Chloe Charlesworth, Carolyn J Peddle-McIntyre, Ai Ling Tan, Kevin Murray, Y C Gary Lee","doi":"10.1183/13993003.02747-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.02747-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bendopnoea (breathlessness on bending forward) is reported often by patients with pleural effusion, but its prevalence and clinical relevance are unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study prospectively enrolled unselected patients with pleural effusion. Bendopnoea was assessed by time to breathlessness when bending patients forward for up to 60 s (60-s bend test (60s-BT)). Post-hoc analyses using a 30-s cut-off were also conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>200 patients (median age 72 years; 61% male) were included; n=88 underwent therapeutic drainage (median (interquartile range (IQR)) 1.50 (1.11-2.47) L). Effusions were commonly malignant (42%) and occupied >25% of the hemithorax (74%). Most patients had bendopnoea on the 60s-BT (56%) and reported it \"impacted daily activities\" (74%). The estimated median time to bendopnoea was 43 (95% CI 30-59) s. Bendopnoea was more common with larger pleural effusions on chest radiographs (p=0.0332 using 60-s cut-off and p=0.0217 using 30-s cut-off). Patients with bendopnoea on the 60s-BT were more breathless (median (IQR) 48 (22-67) <i>versus</i> 30 (5-54) mm on a 100-mm Visual Analogue Scale; p=0.0002) and had shorter 6-min walk distance (6MWD) (median (IQR) 200 (128-333) <i>versus</i> 310 (223-371) m; p=0.0013). Similar relevance was found using a 30-s cut-off. The proportion of patients with bendopnoea on the 60s-BT significantly decreased from 62% to 32% post-drainage (p<0.001). Those with bendopnoea (<i>versus</i> those without) had significantly greater improvement in 6MWD post-drainage (median (IQR) 66 (2-101) <i>versus</i> 16 (-40-65) m; p=0.0165). Larger effusion (OR 5.08, 95% CI 1.25-20.66), inverted/flattened hemidiaphragm on ultrasonography (OR 3.93, 95% CI 1.32-11.68) and higher body mass index (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.08-1.28) were associated with bendopnoea (60s-BT) in multivariable analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bendopnoea is a simple and worthwhile symptom to recognise in patients with pleural effusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147940251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to: Estimating mean pulmonary arterial pressure in the machine learning era.","authors":"Katarina Zeder, Yijun Yin, Bradley A Maron","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01534-2026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01534-2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"68 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal nitric oxide combined with clinical features for preliminary screening of primary ciliary dyskinesia in bronchiectasis.","authors":"Shunlian Hu, Xiyue Shen, Jiayi Wang, Haiwen Lu, Yang Liu, Shuyi Gu, Ai Ge, Jiawei Yang, Bei Mao, Felix C Ringshausen, Amelia Shoemark, Jin-Fu Xu","doi":"10.1183/13993003.02796-2025","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.02796-2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), an underdiagnosed genetic disorder characterised by dysfunctional cilia, is a known cause of bronchiectasis.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To prospectively identify PCD among patients with bronchiectasis using nasal nitric oxide (nNO) and clinical features, and to characterise genetic features.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study enrolled adolescent and adult patients with bronchiectasis from the BE-China registry at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital. Individuals with either strong clinical suspicion or nNO ≤77 nL·min^-1 received a structured diagnostic work-up, including transmission electron microscopy and whole-exome sequencing. Diagnoses followed the 2025 European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society PCD diagnostic guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 373 patients with bronchiectasis, 27 (7.4%) were in the PCD group (14 \"confirmed PCD\" and 13 \"PCD highly likely\"). nNO showed high screening accuracy (sensitivity 84.8%, specificity 97.1%). Patients with PCD were younger and had earlier bronchiectasis onset. Age-adjusted regression analysis showed independent associations between PCD and lower body mass index (regression coefficient (RC) -1.5, 95% CI -2.9 to -0.1), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁) % predicted (RC -18.4, 95% CI -28.3 to -8.6), forced vital capacity (FVC) % predicted (RC -11.3, 95% CI -19.5 to -3.0), and FEV₁/FVC (RC -10.3, 95% CI -16.9 to -3.8). Strong associations were observed with rhinosinusitis (OR 25.3, 95% CI 8.8 to 92.1) and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infection (OR 8.5, 95% CI 3.2 to 25.7). Situs inversus occurred in 25.9% of patients with PCD. <i>DNAH11</i> was the most common pathogenic gene.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with PCD had more severe disease, reinforcing the need for structured screening in patients with bronchiectasis. nNO combined with clinical features is an effective and reliable screening strategy for PCD in bronchiectasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147940273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to: Real-world safety signals of isoniazid in adults and children: a complementary FAERS analysis to inform paediatric dose optimisation.","authors":"Agathe Béranger, Belén P Solans, Radojka M Savic","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01322-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.01322-2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"68 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vasculitis and Risk of Bronchiectasis in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency Subjects from the EARCO Registry","authors":"Reem Alluhibi,Nina Heyer-Chauhan,Aileen Marshall,David A. Lomas,Maria Torres-Duran,Alice M. Turner,Hanan Tanash,Carlota Rodríguez-García,Miriam Barrecheguren,Angelo Corsico,José Luis López-Campos,Jens-Ulrik Stæhr Jensen,Kenneth R. Chapman,Beatriz Lara,Juan Luis Rodriguez-Hermosa,Eva Bartošovská,Jean-François Mornex,Vincent Bunel-Gourdy,Marc Miravitlles,John R. Hurst","doi":"10.1183/13993003.00779-2026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00779-2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"218 1","pages":"2600779"},"PeriodicalIF":24.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149089022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impulse oscillometry-defined small airway dysfunction in obese asthma: from silent zone to emerging treatable trait.","authors":"Wenying Lu, Sukhwinder Singh Sohal","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01089-2026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01089-2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"68 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149059495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"NTPDase1/CD39 and aberrant purinergic signalling in the pathogenesis of COPD.\" Z. Lazar, N. Müllner, M. Lucattelli, <i>et al</i>. <i>Eur Respir J</i> 2016; 47: 254-263.","authors":"","doi":"10.1183/13993003.52144-2014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.52144-2014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"68 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149059542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>ERJ</i> Podcast September 2026: The airway microbiome and targeted therapy in bronchiectasis.","authors":"","doi":"10.1183/13993003.E6803-2026","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.E6803-2026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"68 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":23.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149059517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}