European Respiratory Journal最新文献

{"title":"Genomic classifier for usual interstitial pneumonia combined with bronchoalveolar lavage cellular profile: potential use in the clinical management of new onset ILD?","authors":"Paolo Spagnolo, Robert J Kaner, Ganesh Raghu","doi":"10.1183/13993003.00151-2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00151-2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"65 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ERS Clinical Research Collaboration programme: more than research networking - enriching respiratory science and impacting clinical practice in Europe and beyond.","authors":"Joanna Pepke-Żaba, Joanna Chorostowska-Wynimko, Silke Ryan, Winfried Randerath, Silke Meiners, Sejal Saglani, Elise Heuvelin, Céline Genton, Monika Gappa, Pippa Powell, Eva Polverino, Nicolas Roche, Salman Siddiqui","doi":"10.1183/13993003.02520-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.02520-2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"65 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing patient-centred care in measuring response to biologics in severe asthma.","authors":"Vanesa Bellou","doi":"10.1183/13993003.02113-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.02113-2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"65 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between e-cigarette exposure and ventilation homogeneity in young adults: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Sanja Stanojevic, Mei Ha Yung, Berke Sahin, Noah Johnson, Hanna Stewart, Olivier D Laflamme, Geoffrey Maksym, Dimas Mateos-Corral, Mark Asbridge","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01675-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.01675-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The number of young people who use e-cigarettes is rising. It remains unclear whether e-cigarette use impairs lung function. We aimed to compare ventilation distribution between young adults exposed to e-cigarettes and an unexposed group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study participants included otherwise healthy young adults (18-24 years) who self-reported e-cigarette use and unexposed participants who had no history of e-cigarette, tobacco or cannabis exposure. Exposure to e-cigarettes was defined using three measures: 1) ever-exposed, 2) daily use and 3) puff frequency, which includes none (unexposed), minimal (<2 puffs·h^-1), moderate (3-4 puffs·h^-1) and heavy (≥5 puffs·h^-1). Ventilation distribution was measured using the multiple-breath washout test and reported as lung clearance index (LCI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 93 participants were recruited; 38 unexposed and 41 exposed participants had LCI measures. The exposed group consisted predominately of participants who used flavoured e-liquids (94.5%) that contained nicotine (93.5%). The magnitude and direction of the difference in LCI across the exposure definitions was similar. Compared with the unexposed group, in the unadjusted models LCI was higher in those with any e-cigarette use (mean difference 0.15, 95% CI -0.004-0.31), daily users (mean difference 0.10, 95% CI -0.08-0.28) and heavy users (mean difference 0.22, 95% CI 0.03-0.41).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This preliminary work suggests that LCI may be a useful biomarker to measure the effects of e-cigarette use on ventilation distribution and to track early functional impairment of the small airways.</p>","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated biological aging in familial pulmonary fibrosis.","authors":"Ana Pm Serezani, Daphne B Mitchell, Joy D Cogan, M Merced U Malabanan, Cheryl R Markin, Errine T Garnett, Tisra H Fadely, Jonathan A Kropski, Margaret L Salisbury, Timothy S Blackwell","doi":"10.1183/13993003.02427-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.02427-2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis in adult migrants in Europe: a TBnet consensus statement.","authors":"Heinke Kunst, Berit Lange, Olga Hovardovska, Annabelle Bockey, Dominik Zenner, Aase B Andersen, Sally Hargreaves, Manish Pareek, Jon S Friedland, Christian Wejse, Graham Bothamley, Lorenzo Guglielmetti, Dumitru Chesov, Simon Tiberi, Alberto Matteelli, Anna M Mandalakas, Jan Heyckendorf, Johannes Eimer, Akanksha Malhotra, Javier Zamora, Anca Vasiliu, Christoph Lange","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01612-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.01612-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Global migration has increased in recent decades owing to war, conflict, persecution and natural disasters, but also secondary to increased opportunities related to work or study. Migrants' risk of tuberculosis (TB) differs depending on migration, socioeconomic status, mode of travel and TB risk in transit, TB incidence and healthcare provision in country of origin. Despite advances in TB care for migrants and new treatment strategies, decisions for managing migrants at risk of TB often rely on expert opinions, rather than clinical evidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted, studies were mapped to different recommendation groups and included studies were synthesised by meta-analysis where appropriate. Current evidence on the diagnosis of active TB in migrants entering the European Union/European Economic Area and UK, including clinical presentation and diagnostic delay, treatment outcomes of drug-susceptible TB, prevalence, and treatment outcomes of multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant TB and TB/HIV co-infection, was summarised. A consensus process was used based on the evidence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We documented that migrants had higher vulnerability for TB, including an increased risk of extrapulmonary TB, multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant TB, TB/HIV co-infection and worse TB treatment outcomes compared to host populations. Consensus recommendations include screening migrants for TB/latent TB infection according to country data, a minimal package for TB care in drug-susceptible and multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant TB, implementation of migrant-sensitive strategies and free healthcare and preventive treatment for migrants with HIV co-infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dedicated care for TB prevention and treatment in migrant populations within the European Union/European Economic Area and UK is essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an open-source tool for risk assessment in pulmonary endarterectomy.","authors":"James Liley, Katherine Bunclark, Michael Newnham, John Cannon, Karen Sheares, Dolores Taboada, Choo Ng, Nicholas Screaton, David Jenkins, Joanna Pepke-Zaba, Mark Toshner","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01001-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.01001-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Risk prediction tools are routinely utilised in cardiothoracic surgery but have not been developed for pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA). There are no data on whether patients undergoing PEA may benefit from a tailored risk modelling approach. We develop and validate a clinically usable tool to predict PEA 90-day mortality (90DM) with the secondary aim of informing factors that may influence 5-year mortality (5YM) and improvement in patient-reported outcomes (PROs) using common clinical assessment parameters. Derived model predictions were compared to those of the currently most widely implemented cardiothoracic surgery risk tool, EuroSCORE II.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive patients undergoing PEA for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) between 2007 and 2018 (n=1334) were included in a discovery dataset. Outcome predictors included an intentionally broad array of variables, incorporating demographic, functional and physiological measures. Three statistical models (linear regression, penalised linear regression and random forest) were considered per outcome, each calibrated, fitted and assessed using cross-validation, ensuring internal consistency. The best predictive models were incorporated into an open-source PEA risk tool and validated using a separate prospective PEA cohort from 2019 to 2021 (n=443) at the same institution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Random forest models had the greatest predictive accuracy for all three outcomes. Novel risk models had acceptable discriminatory ability for outcome 90DM (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) 0.82), outperforming that of EuroSCORE II (AUROC 0.65). CTEPH-related factors were important for outcome 90DM, but outcome 5YM was driven by non-CTEPH factors, dominated by generic cardiovascular risk. We were unable to accurately predict a positive improvement in PRO status (AUROC 0.47).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Operative mortality from PEA can be predicted pre-operatively to a potentially clinically useful degree. Our validated models enable individualised risk stratification at clinician point of care to better inform shared decision making.</p>","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal exposure to greenness and early childhood pneumonia: a nationwide study in Japan.","authors":"Akihiro Shiroshita, Yuki Kataoka, Qianzhi Wang, Naoki Kajita, Keisuke Anan, Yusaku Shibata, Nobuyuki Yajima","doi":"10.1183/13993003.02181-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.02181-2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143364098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular benefits and safety profile of macrolide maintenance therapy in patients with bronchiectasis.","authors":"Ran Guo, Dennis Wat, Steven Ho Man Lam, Tommaso Bucci, Christopher Tze-Wei Tsang, An-Ping Cai, Yap-Hang Chan, Qing-Wen Ren, Jia-Yi Huang, Jing-Nan Zhang, Wen-Li Gu, Ching-Yan Zhu, Yik-Ming Hung, Freddy Frost, Gregory Y H Lip, Kai-Hang Yiu","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01574-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.01574-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Macrolide maintenance therapy (MMT) has demonstrated notable efficacy in reducing exacerbation in patients with bronchiectasis, which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular events. However, a comprehensive assessment of the cardiovascular benefits and safety profile of MMT in this population is lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This territory-wide cohort study analysed patients diagnosed with bronchiectasis in Hong Kong between 2001 and 2018. Patients were classified as MMT receivers or macrolide non-receivers based on the administration of MMT. Propensity score (PS) matching was employed for confounding factors adjustment. The primary outcome of interest was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction and stroke. The safety outcome was the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias or sudden cardiac death. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was utilised to compare the incidence of outcomes across the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 22 895 patients with bronchiectasis were identified. Following 1:2 PS matching, the final cohort consisted of 3137 individuals, with 1123 MMT receivers and 2014 macrolide non-receivers. MMT administration was associated with a significantly reduced risk of MACE (16.38 <i>versus</i> 24.11 events per 1000 person-years; hazard ratio (HR) 0.68, 95% CI 0.52-0.90). Importantly, the use of MMT was not associated with elevated risk of ventricular arrhythmias or sudden cardiac death (7.17 <i>versus</i> 7.67 events per 1000 person-years; HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.60-1.44).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The administration of MMT in patients with bronchiectasis was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of MACE, without any evidence suggesting an increased risk of severe arrhythmia-related adverse events.</p>","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viewpoint: Pre- and post-lung transplant considerations for patients with ultra-short telomere length.","authors":"Pali D Shah, Mary Armanios","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01545-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.01545-2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143064849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}