European Respiratory Journal最新文献

{"title":"\"Targeting transforming growth factor-β receptors in pulmonary hypertension.\" Christophe Guignabert and Marc Humbert. <i>Eur Respir J</i> 2021; 57: 2002341.","authors":"","doi":"10.1183/13993003.52341-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.52341-2020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"64 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of <i>M. tuberculosis</i> DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of tuberculosis contacts does not associate with blood RNA signatures for incipient tuberculosis.","authors":"Joshua Rosenheim, Markos Abebe, Mulugeta Belay, Begna Tulu, Dawit Tayachew, Metasebia Tegegn, Sidra Younis, David A Jolliffe, Abraham Aseffa, Gobena Ameni, Stephen T Reece, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Adrian R Martineau","doi":"10.1183/13993003.00479-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.00479-2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142125252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microenvironmental acidification by pneumococcal sugar consumption fosters barrier disruption and immune suppression in the human alveolus.","authors":"Diana Fatykhova, Verena N Fritsch, Keerthana Siebert, Karen Methling, Michael Lalk, Tobias Busche, Jörn Kalinowski, January Weiner, Dieter Beule, Wilhelm Bertrams, Thomas P Kohler, Sven Hammerschmidt, Anna Löwa, Mara Fischer, Maren Mieth, Katharina Hellwig, Doris Frey, Jens Neudecker, Jens C Rueckert, Mario Toennies, Torsten T Bauer, Mareike Graff, Hong-Linh Tran, Stephan Eggeling, Achim D Gruber, Haike Antelmann, Stefan Hippenstiel, Andreas C Hocke","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01983-2023","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.01983-2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> is the most common causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia worldwide. A key pathogenic mechanism that exacerbates severity of disease is the disruption of the alveolar-capillary barrier. However, the specific virulence mechanisms responsible for this in the human lung are not yet fully understood. In this study, we infected living human lung tissue with <i>Strep. pneumoniae</i> and observed a significant degradation of the central junctional proteins occludin and vascular endothelial cadherin, indicating barrier disruption. Surprisingly, neither pneumolysin, bacterial hydrogen peroxide nor pro-inflammatory activation were sufficient to cause this junctional degradation. Instead, pneumococcal infection led to a significant decrease of pH (∼6), resulting in the acidification of the alveolar microenvironment, which was linked to junctional degradation. Stabilising the pH at physiological levels during infection reversed this effect, even in a therapeutic-like approach. Further analysis of bacterial metabolites and RNA sequencing revealed that sugar consumption and subsequent lactate production were the major factors contributing to bacterially induced alveolar acidification, which also hindered the release of critical immune factors. Our findings highlight bacterial metabolite-induced acidification as an independent virulence mechanism for barrier disruption and inflammatory dysregulation in pneumonia. Thus, our data suggest that strictly monitoring and buffering alveolar pH during infections caused by fermentative bacteria could serve as an adjunctive therapeutic strategy for sustaining barrier integrity and immune response.</p>","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viewpoint on WHO implementation guidance on tuberculosis infection prevention and control.","authors":"Onno W Akkerman, Giovanni Battista Migliori, Dennis Falzon, Alberto L Garcia-Basteiro, Avinash Kanchar, Olha Konstantynovska, Fusun Oner Eyuboglu, Raquel Duarte","doi":"10.1183/13993003.00109-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.00109-2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142617664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is there a kindling effect in COPD exacerbations?","authors":"Andriana I Papaioannou, Konstantinos Bartziokas","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01687-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01687-2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"64 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on the European Respiratory Society pulmonary alveolar proteinosis guidelines.","authors":"Ali Ataya, Elinor Lee","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01633-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01633-2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"64 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous Positive Airway Pressure and Mandibular Advancement Splints: The CHOICE Multi-center Open-Label Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Mona M Hamoda, Nelly Hyunh, Najib T Ayas, Pierre Rompre, Nick Bansback, Jean-François Masse, Patrick Arcache, Gilles Lavigne, Frederic Series, John A Fleetham, Fernanda R Almeida","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01100-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01100-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Adherence to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) continues to be low with high termination rates. Alternative therapies to CPAP are needed.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare objective adherence to CPAP and Mandibular Advancement Splints (MAS) and to evaluate their effectiveness. Additionally, to identify treatment usage patterns and the clinical effectiveness of having both therapies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multi-center, double-randomized, three-phase trial (titration/cross-over/observation) was conducted at three Canadian universities. Eligible participants were treatment-naïve with mild to severe OSA.</p><p><strong>Measurements and main results: </strong>Primary outcome was objectively measured adherence (hours/night) during cross-over phase. Secondary outcomes included efficacy during cross-over phase; adherence during observational phase; patient-centered outcomes, blood pressure and side-effects during cross-over and observational phases. Duration of cross-over and observational phases were 2.5 and 6 months respectively.Eighty-one participants were enrolled in the first randomization. Seventy-nine entered the adaptation/titration phase [mean age (sd); 52·3 (10·8) years, 58 males], 73 entered the cross-over phase (included in the intention-to-treat analysis) and 64 completed the observation phase. Mean objective adherence over 1-month, MAS showed higher adherence than CPAP, 6·0 <i>versus</i> 5·3 h/night (difference= 0·7 h/night, 95% CI: 0·3-1·2 h, p<0·001). Mean CPAP-MAS difference (95% CI) in efficacy of 10·4 (7·8-13) events/hour, p<0·001. During the observation phase 55% (35/64) of participants chose to alternate therapies. All treatments led to substantial improvement in patient-centered outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the higher efficacy of CPAP and higher adherence to MAS, both demonstrate comparable clinical effectiveness on patient-centered outcomes. Having both CPAP and MAS can improve long-term management of OSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142785094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GOLD Science Committee recommendations for the use of pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry for the diagnosis of COPD.","authors":"Dave Singh, Robert Stockley, Antonio Anzueto, Alvar Agusti, Jean Bourbeau, Bartolome R Celli, Gerard J Criner, MeiLan K Han, Fernando J Martinez, Maria Montes de Oca, Obianuju B Ozoh, Alberto Papi, Ian Pavord, Nicolas Roche, Sandeep Salvi, Don D Sin, Thierry Troosters, Jadwiga Wedzicha, Jinping Zheng, Claus Volgelmeier, David Halpin","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01603-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01603-2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) report states that the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) should be considered in individuals with chronic respiratory symptoms and / or exposure to risk factors. Forced spirometry demonstrating airflow obstruction after bronchodilation is required to confirm the diagnosis using a threshold of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁) / forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio<0.7. This GOLD Science Committee review weighs the evidence for using pre- or post-bronchodilator (BD) spirometry to diagnose COPD.Cohort studies have shown that pre- and post-BD spirometry give concordant diagnostic results in most cases, although the prevalence of COPD is up to 36% lower with post-BD values. Discordant results may occur in \"volume\" or \"flow\" responders. Volume responders have reduced FVC due to gas trapping causing FEV₁/ FVC ratio >0.7 pre-BD, but a volume response occurs post-BD with a greater improvement in FVC relative to FEV₁ decreasing the ratio to <0.7. Flow responders show a greater FEV₁ improvement relative to FVC which may increase FEV₁/ FVC from <0.7 pre-BD to >0.7 post-BD; these individuals have an increased likelihood of developing post-BD obstruction during follow up and require monitoring longitudinally.GOLD 2025 recommends using pre-BD spirometry to rule out COPD and post-BD measurements to confirm the diagnosis. This will reduce clinical workload. Post-BD results close to the threshold should be repeated to ensure a correct diagnosis is made. Post-BD measurements ensure that volume responders are not overlooked and limit COPD overdiagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of an emphysema-specific ATII cell: a step towards understanding impaired lung regeneration in COPD?","authors":"Yiling Guo, Louise E Donnelly","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01741-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01741-2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":"64 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eosinophils, mucus plugs and clinical outcomes: findings from two COPD cohorts.","authors":"Alejandro A Diaz, Scott Grumley, Andrew Yen, Sushilkumar Sonavane, Rim Elalami, Maya Abdalla, Kangjin Kim, Pietro Nardelli, Sharon Brouha, Padma P Manapragada, Mostafa Abozeed, Muhammad Usman Aziz, Mohd Zahid, Hrudaya P Nath, Wei Wang, James C Ross, Carrie L Pistenmaa, Raul San José Estépar, Michael H Cho","doi":"10.1183/13993003.01005-2024","DOIUrl":"10.1183/13993003.01005-2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12265,"journal":{"name":"European Respiratory Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}