F1000Research最新文献

{"title":"Does Inquiry-Based Learning Improve Students' Critical Thinking? A Meta-Analysis Accounting for Control Group Variations.","authors":"Abel Harapan, Risky Setiawan, Tri Santi Kurnia, Andini Sakimin, Auliasari Marjan, Sarnus Joni Harto, Israel Ametepey, Fitriana Ibrahim, Alexander Bilaku","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.180569.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.180569.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inquiry learning is widely recognized, through empirical studies, as an appropriate instruction in enhancing students' critical thinking, yet the results were varied across context. The previous meta-analysis did not include the control group variations as a potential moderator and the studies subject domain was limited only to science subjects. Consequently, it is difficult to generalize the effectiveness of IBL in enhancing critical thinking. This meta-analysis aims to investigate whether inquiry learning is effective in improving the students' critical thinking skills and examine the moderating roles of each study characteristic. Methods The literature search applying the PRISMA protocol 2020 was conducted by utilizing SCOPUS, ERIC, and DOAJ databases. A total of 57 studies from 51 articles, published from 2015 to 2025, were synthesized using a random-effects model with standardized mean difference (SMD).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed that IBL has a large and significant effect on enhancing students' critical thinking (g = 1.336; 95% CI [1.061, 1.611]). However, substantial heterogeneity was observed (I ² = 92.09%), suggesting variability across contexts. Moderator analyses revealed that the main moderator, control group variations, was statistically significant in moderating the effectiveness of IBL (Qm = 5.21; <i>p</i> = .022). in contrast, subject domain (Qm = 1.43; p = .698), education level (Qm = 1.11; <i>p</i> = .774), and country ( <i>Q _m</i>  = 3.33; <i>p</i> = .650), were insignificantly moderating the effectiveness of inquiry learning.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present meta-analysis highlighted that IBL is effective in improving students' critical thinking. However, the effectiveness of IBL was relative to the type of control group variations. Its effect on critical thinking was greater when compared with teacher-centered learning but smaller when compared with other student-centered learning.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"15 ","pages":"730"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13562932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148955158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed <i>Plasmodium</i> Infections: Report of Four Cases from the Military Hospital of Tunis.","authors":"Latifa Mtibaa, Souha Hannachi, Zeinab Denden, Rym Abid, Riadh Battikh, Boutheina Jemli","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.173540.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.173540.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malaria is a life-threatening vector-borne disease caused by five species of the genus <i>Plasmodium (P.)</i> It can present as mixed infections that remain underreported and pose diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic challenges.The objective of the present study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and biological features of four cases of mixed <i>Plasmodium</i> infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective descriptive study included cases of mixed <i>Plasmodium</i> infections diagnosed at the Parasitology Laboratory of the Military Hospital of Tunis between 2022 and 2025. Diagnosis was established using May-Grünwald-Giemsa-stained thin blood smears, Giemsa-stained thick smears, and rapid diagnostic tests. <i>Plasmodium</i> species were identified according to standard microscopic morphological criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We report four cases of mixed <i>Plasmodium</i> infection diagnosed in military personnel returning from deployment in Central African Republic. The patients were aged 31-52 years (mean age 38.8 years) with sex ratio 3. They presented within 10-30 days post-return with fever (38-42°C) associated with headache, myalgia, abdominal pain, and/or vomiting. All had adhered to malaria chemoprophylaxis, and three reported no prior malaria episodes, while one patient had a history of six previous attacks. Rapid diagnostic tests were positive for pan-Plasmodium pLDH in all cases; two patients were also positive for HRP2. Peripheral blood smears confirmed mixed infections. Parasitemia was generally low (<1% in three cases, 1% in one case). Treatment consisted of artemether-lumefantrine (Coartem ^®) for all patients, combined with primaquine for those with <i>P. ovale</i> infection. Clinical evolution was favorable in all cases, and follow-up blood smears on days 3, 7, and 28 confirmed parasitological clearance, with only rare degenerated trophozoites observed in one patient on day 3.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mixed <i>Plasmodium</i> infections can influence disease severity, treatment outcomes, and drug resistance. Accurate diagnosis and radical therapy are keys to preventing relapses.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"1389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13583345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149001569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Smart Cities 'Sustainable?' Revisiting the 'Helix Model' of the ASEAN Smart Cities Network.","authors":"Bama Andika Putra","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.174616.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.174616.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent urban planning in Southeast Asia has incorporated the theme of transforming cities to 'smart city' status. However, the central question raised in this study is whether the ASEAN's conception of smart cities is genuinely sustainable. Based on the backdrop of Southeast Asia's disparity in economic performances and diversity in its political, social, economic, and environmental dimensions, this study updates Crumpton's 2021 study on the 'quintuple helix model' and argues that new observations but old patterns are found in the ASEAN Smart Cities Network's way of developing cities in Southeast Asia. Through a qualitative document analysis, utilizing published secondary data on the ten ASEAN member states between 2020 and 2024, this study revisits and updates the current state of Southeast Asia and how this corresponds to the challenges of constructing smart cities in democratic, semi-authoritarian, and authoritarian settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"1484"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservation Awareness as a Key Mediator Linking Affective Factors to Species Knowledge in Pre-Service Biology Teachers .","authors":"Tilal Afian, Ibrohim Ibrohim, Fatchur Rohman","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.188371.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.188371.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Species literacy is an important achievement in biodiversity education. The study analyzed the roles of affective dimension and conservation awareness in shaping species knowledge among prospective biology teacher students, using <i>Lichmera indistincta limbata</i> as a local species.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employs a quantitative research approach using a survey design to examine the relationships among affective dimensions, conservation awareness, and species knowledge. Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) is used to test conceptual models through the mediating role of conservation awareness. The research participants are prospective biology teachers registered in the S1 biology education study program in the provinces of West Nusa Tenggara and East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. A total of 137 respondents from eight public and private universities participated in this study. All items were measured using a five-point Likert scale. Data collection was done online through Google Forms. The affective domain consists of three constructs, namely attention and care, closeness and appreciation, and a sense of responsibility. The construct of species knowledge was developed based on a species literacy framework that focuses on understanding biological characteristics, ecological roles, and the relevance of species conservation in local contexts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that attention and concern have a significant effect on conservation awareness, which in turn contributes to species knowledge. Closeness and appreciation have a direct effect on species knowledge, while a sense of responsibility does not show a significant influence. In addition, conservation awareness has been shown to play a significant role as a mediator between concern and species knowledge.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights that conservation awareness is a key mechanism bridging the affective and cognitive dimensions of species literacy and is important to integrate into the education of prospective biology teachers in the context of local species.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"15 ","pages":"1488"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13631440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Hunger to Hospitality: Food, Memory, and Collective Identity in Mohammed Dib's <i>La Grande Maison</i> and Diana Abu-Jaber's <i>Crescent</i>.","authors":"Waffa Nouari, Amr Mohamed, Mohammed Adel, Hanene Lahiani, Ahmad M Al Mahamed","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.184574.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.184574.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study explored food memory in Mohammed Dib's <i>La Grande Maison</i> and Diana Abu-Jaber's <i>Crescent.</i> Recent scholarship conceptualizes food as a symbolic and cultural medium that shapes memory, identity, exile, trauma, and belonging rather than merely satisfying physical needs. The analysis reveals how, in both novels, food serves as a medium for communicating and representing historical experience and collective identity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Methodologically, the paper uses a qualitative comparative literary approach, comprising close reading of selected passages that address hunger, bread, cooking, taste, and smell, as they relate to the food-memory theories of David E. Sutton (2001) and Jon D. Holtzman (2006).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that in La Grande Maison, food is an absence, a hunger, a poverty, a lack of bread that keeps alive the painful memory of colonial persecution and collective Algerian suffering. Food in Crescent, on the other hand, works by the presence of others: presence through shared tables and through diasporic memories and identities recreated with the Arab meal. In both novels, food serves as a shared historical experience that is remembered from one generation to the next, even as there are differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The novelty of the paper is that it does not take into account the comparative aspect of food absence and presence within a single food-memory concept, which is not studied in the pair of novels. It extends the scope of comparative literary and food studies by enriching discourses on food, memory, and identity in colonial and diasporic writings. This multifaceted perspective can be applied to other fields of study, such as trauma, migration, and cultural studies in other postcolonial and diasporic settings, in future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"15 ","pages":"1487"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13612995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149059551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Solar Power Forecasting Accuracy Using HMPCS and Machine Learning Techniques: An Applied Study.","authors":"Asmaa Abdul-Hussein Aziz, Iraq T Abbas","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.172121.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.172121.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Solar irradiance is a nonlinear and intermittent function, which makes accurate forecasting of solar power generation a challenge. The high variability of meteorological conditions is not well represented by conventional atmospheric models, thus hampering forecasting skill and model robustness. In this work, an advanced hybridization of multi-population cuckoo search (HMPCS) algorithm with machine learning (ML) methods is developed to enhance the predicated performance of photovoltaic (PV) power forecasting with more reliability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, a hybrid modeling framework is proposed, called HMPCS-ML framework which captures the global search capacity of HMPCS and predictive power of sophisticated ML models (Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM)). Optimizing hyperparameters by balancing exploration and exploitation, the algorithm runs on multi-populations through Lévy flight randomization. Interpolation, normalization, and temporal windowing were utilized to preprocess synthetic meteorological and irradiance datasets. We evaluated the framework by comparing commonly used statistical measures (MAE, RMSE, MAPE, R ²).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Moreover, experimental analyses showed that HMPCS-ML models significantly outperformed baseline approaches (Grid Search and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)). Results showed that the optimized LSTM+HMPCS model outperformed other models in terms of lowest RMSE (0.139) and highest R ² (0.93), reflecting the LSTM model's good fit with practical observations and generalization ability. The optimal LightGBM+HMPCS variant also proved to be consistently better, with reduced error (23% lower than unoptimized models).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this regard, the HMPCS-ML framework is a powerful and efficient solution for the optimization of Photovoltaic (PV) power forecasting, improving the predictive performance and calculation efficiency. This research shows the potential of hybrid metaheuristic-ML integration for renewable energy prediction and smart-grid applications in general and indicates further extensions to multi-objective and Transformer-based architectures.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"15 ","pages":"128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sample size determination across study designs in health professions education research: a methodology guide.","authors":"Waqar M Naqvi, Anusha Divvi, Shivashankar Kengadaran, Aishwarya A Pashine, Maheshkumar Baladaniya, Aditya Patel, Praveen Kumar Kandakurthi, Ramprasad Muthukrishnan","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.185853.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.185853.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sample size determination is one of the least reported elements in the methods sections of health professions education (HPE) research. Underpowered studies miss real effects, whereas overpowered studies waste participants and resources. Guidance remains fragmented across statistical textbooks and discipline-specific papers, with no unified reference for HPE researchers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed this guide as a structured narrative synthesis. Sources were identified through targeted database searching, citation chaining, and standard statistical texts, and selected against pre-specified criteria; where recommendations conflicted, precedence was given to the primary methodological source and to empirical evidence generated within HPE. Rather than proposing a universal formula, which does not exist, we organised sample-size logic by study design. We set out a stepwise workflow and emphasise that the expected difference should be anchored to previous evidence and to educational importance, with pilot work used to estimate variability, recruitment and attrition rather than the effect size itself. For each design we give the statistical rationale, the applicable formula or rule, a worked example with fully stated assumptions, and reporting expectations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The designs covered include two-group comparisons of means and proportions, pre-post and repeated-measures designs, cluster-randomized educational trials, survey and questionnaire studies, Delphi and consensus studies, pilot and feasibility studies, qualitative enquiry, simulation-based education, and instrument validation. The guide concludes with a reporting checklist for the methods section, serving investigators, peer reviewers, and journal editors. Precision-based planning, software implementation, and designs beyond closed-form calculation are addressed separately.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sample size in HPE research is a design-specific judgment, not a formula-specific calculation. The numerical benchmarks reproduced here are illustrative anchors rather than methodological minima. This guide consolidates that judgment into a practical reference reflecting the methodological diversity of the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"15 ","pages":"1147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13562950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148955043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASEAN, Brunei Darussalam, and the Interplay of Foreign Policy and Public Opinion.","authors":"Bama Andika Putra, Sam Rany","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.180026.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.180026.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acknowledging that past studies on the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) have focused on elite and state-centric viewpoints, this study centers on people's perspectives. The case of Brunei Darussalam, as one of the region's smallest nations, reveals unique elements in the interaction between public opinion and foreign policy. Given the Sultanate's consistent stance on closer ties with the regional organization, as evidenced by the positive responses during its ASEAN chairmanship in 2021, do the Brunei public hold similar views?</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To reveal Brunei's perceptions vis-à-vis ASEAN and explore the relationship between those views and the Sultanate's ASEAN policies, this qualitative case study examines the applicability of Boucher's 2024 analytical framework of the 'top-down' approach, which argues that the people eventually embrace elites' views on foreign policy. It utilizes the secondary survey data published in the State of Southeast Asia 2025. It utilizes the survey report published in the State of Southeast Asia 2025.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study reveals consistency between Brunei respondent's perceptions with that of the Sultan in the following areas: 1) Measures to enhance ASEAN's resilience; 2) How ASEAN should respond to the Myanmar Issue and the South China Sea dispute; 3) Questions of alignment amid the great power rivalries influencing the Southeast Asian region; and 4) Perceptions of trust.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The alignment between the Brunei respondents' perceptions of ASEAN and the Sultan's implemented policies reveals a unique nexus in shaping public perceptions of foreign policy matters, making Boucher's top-down approach applicable to the case study.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"15 ","pages":"633"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13627931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Humanity, Nature, and Survival in Yann Martel's Life of Pi and Margaret Atwood's Oryx and Crake: An Ecocritical Comparative Study.","authors":"Ayman Elhalafawy, Eman Abozied, Mohammed A Adel, Ahmad M Al Mahamed, Samir Khalifa","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.183023.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.183023.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Addressing the growing global urgency of environmental crises in contemporary Anglophone literature, this study examines the relationship between humanity, nature, and survival in Yann Martel's <i>Life of Pi</i> and Margaret Atwood's <i>Oryx and Crake</i> through an ecocritical Anthropocene framework. A significant gap remains in the absence of a comparative approach that integrates ecocriticism with postcolonial literary studies to analyze representations of humanity, nature, and survival under ecological pressure. This study explores how survival narratives construct ethical awareness, reshape human identity, and redefine human-nature relationships in the Anthropocene. Methodologically, it adopts a qualitative comparative approach combining close textual analysis, ecocriticism, and Anthropocene theory, aligning with interdisciplinary trends in English literary studies. The findings reveal a clear divergence: <i>Life of Pi</i> portrays nature as a formative and spiritually instructive force that fosters resilience and ethical growth, whereas <i>Oryx and Crake</i> depicts a degraded ecosystem reflecting ecological collapse, scientific misuse, and ethical failure. These representations of humanity, nature, and survival demonstrate how literature functions as a global ethical discourse that interrogates environmental responsibility. The study contributes to English literary studies by bridging literary theory with environmental humanities and recommends expanding comparative ecocritical research on Anthropocene literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"15 ","pages":"1087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13554829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148929249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which Learning Domains Benefit Most from Occupational Safety-Integrated Project-Based Learning? A Comparative Analysis of Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor Outcomes in Agricultural Vocational Education.","authors":"Basma Basma, Patang Patang, Suardi Suardi, Muhammad Irfan, Darmawan Darmawan, Ahmad Swandi","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.187948.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.187948.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Occupational safety has become an essential competency in vocational education, particularly in agricultural programs where students are exposed to high-risk practical activities. Although Project-Based Learning (PjBL) has been widely recognized for promoting authentic learning, limited evidence exists regarding how Occupational Safety-Integrated Project-Based Learning (OS-PjBL) influences different learning domains simultaneously. This study investigated the comparative learning outcomes of OS-PjBL across the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains in agricultural vocational education. A quantitative evaluative design was employed involving 30 undergraduate students enrolled in the Agricultural Production Technology program at Pangkep State Polytechnic of Agriculture, Indonesia. The validated OS-PjBL model was implemented through authentic project activities integrating hazard identification, risk assessment, safety procedures, and reflective practice. Cognitive outcomes were measured using achievement tests, while affective and psychomotor competencies were assessed through structured observation sheets and performance rubrics. Data were analyzed descriptively using measures of central tendency and percentage-based comparisons across learning domains. The findings revealed a substantial gain in cognitive achievement and high achievement levels in the affective and psychomotor domains. Students achieved a cognitive post-test mean score of 86.87, while affective and psychomotor competencies reached overall achievement levels of 92.5% and 95.0%, respectively. Comparative descriptive analysis indicated that psychomotor competence demonstrated the highest level of achievement, followed by affective and cognitive outcomes. These findings suggest that integrating occupational safety throughout project-based learning effectively promotes holistic competence development by simultaneously strengthening conceptual understanding, professional attitudes, and practical workplace performance. This study extends the PjBL literature by positioning occupational safety not merely as supplementary instructional content but as the pedagogical organizing principle of authentic learning experiences, providing a practical framework for preparing safety-conscious and industry-ready vocational graduates.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"15 ","pages":"1305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13562939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148955182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}