F1000Research最新文献

{"title":"Complete Genome Sequence of Halorubrum Pleomorphic Virus 8.","authors":"Tatiana Demina, Elina Laanto, Hanna M Oksanen","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.179903.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.179903.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pleomorphic archaeal viruses are widespread and abundant in hypersaline environments and beyond. Still, a relatively low number of isolated and described species are available for this viral group. Here, we present the complete genome sequence of Halorubrum pleomorphic virus 8 (HRPV-8), which was previously isolated from the Samut Sakhon solar saltern, Thailand, on a <i>Halorubrum</i> species. The HRPV-8 genome was assembled into a circular 10,824-bp-long contig with a GC content of 63.2%. The genome was predicted to encode 12 proteins, including a VP4-like spike protein, which is a hallmark of pleomorphic archaeal viruses. In HRPV-8, seven and three putative proteins were 99-100% identical to their counterparts in Halorubrum pleomorphic viruses 2 and 6, respectively, which are members of the genus <i>Alphapleolipovirus.</i> The average nucleotide identity values within these three viral genomes were 92-96%. According to VIRIDIC analyses of intergenomic similarities, HRPV-8 represents its own species. Thus, based on the observed pleolipoviral genome architecture and sequence similarities to other alphapleolipoviruses, we propose to classify HRPV-8 as a new species within the <i>Alphapleolipovirus</i> genus of the <i>Pleolipoviridae</i> family.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"15 ","pages":"654"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13631441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Action-Based Learning for Sustainability Competencies: EMKONTAN Model on Environmental Literacy, Creative Thinking, and Collaboration among Pre-Service Biology Teachers.","authors":"Nurwidodo Nurwidodo, Iin Hindun, Husamah Husamah","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.181913.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.181913.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sustainability transitions require educators who can translate environmental knowledge into creative, collaborative, and action-oriented learning. This study examined the effectiveness of the Environmental Mapping, Conservation, Action, and Evaluation learning model (EMKONTAN) in strengthening environmental literacy, creative thinking, and collaboration skills among pre-service biology teachers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design was implemented in an environmental science course involving three learning conditions: EMKONTAN, problem-based learning, and regular instruction. Of 120 eligible students, 108 students with complete pretest and posttest data were included in the analysis. Environmental literacy was measured using an adapted environmental literacy instrument, creative thinking through essay-based tasks, and collaboration through an observation rubric. One-way analysis of covariance was used to compare adjusted posttest means after controlling for pretest scores, followed by least significant difference post hoc testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The EMKONTAN group achieved the highest adjusted means for environmental literacy (76.30), creative thinking (96.18), and collaboration (78.89). The learning model had statistically significant effects on environmental literacy, F(2,104) = 126.54, p < .001, partial eta squared = .709; creative thinking, F(2,104) = 274.51, p < .001, partial eta squared = .841; and collaboration, F(2,104) = 161.33, p < .001, partial eta squared = .756.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that an environmental action-based learning cycle that integrates problem identification, field observation, action planning, implementation, monitoring, evaluation, and follow-up can support sustainability competencies in teacher education. The study contributes a contextual instructional model for preparing future biology teachers to design participatory environmental learning in developing-country higher education settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"15 ","pages":"777"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13234552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148197885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectrum of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemoradiation.","authors":"Ashima Palia, Vaishnavi Singh, Suchitra Shenoy, Prerana Baruah, Pooja Prakash, Athiyamaan Ms, Sourjya Banerjee, Johan Sunny, Paul Simon, Challapalli Srinivas, Dilson Lobo, Mamtha Suvarna, Abhishek Krishna","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.162892.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.162892.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Head and neck cancer (HNCs) is a major health issue worldwide, and India has contributed to approximately 2.4 lakh new cases in 2022. Definitive chemoradiation is the standard treatment for locally advanced disease but carries a risk of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) that add to morbidity, hospitalization, cost, and possible delay in treatment. The increasing incidence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has also contributed to management burden. This study aimed to assess the microbiological profiles and antimicrobial resistance patterns of lower respiratory tract infections in patients with head and neck cancer receiving chemoradiation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent definitive radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy and who developed LRTIs were included in the study. Sputum and tracheostomy suction tip cultures were obtained and processed using standard microbiological techniques such as Gram staining, biochemical tests, and VITEK-2 automated systems. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and EUCAST recommendations. Clinical and treatment-related factors were documented and compared using SPSS version 23.0, with descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, t-tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequently isolated pathogen (35.0%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.7%), and Acinetobacter baumannii (10.0%). The pathogens were strongly resistant to fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins but were susceptible to carbapenems and aminoglycosides in the majority of isolates. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequent pathogen in all age groups and chemotherapy regimens (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LRTIs in patients with HNC treated with chemoradiation were mainly caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Resistance patterns are crucial for directing empirical antibiotic therapy, minimizing treatment delays, and enhancing clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13550927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148918970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards Reliable Prosody Detection in Teaching Practical Phonetics: A Sustainable Digital Approach.","authors":"Olesya Tolstykh, Alexey Svatov, Tamara Oshchepkova","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.178913.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.178913.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research focuses on providing quality education to specialists in the field of linguistic studies, phonology, theoretical and practical phonetics by creating an innovative automated service which can ease the linguists endeavour to transcribe and examine suprasegmental features of human speech prosody. The authors attempted to design a docker-based architecture for prosody labelling. The pre-processing stage compiled 47 manually marked recordings, ten of which were annotated at clip level. The data-processing stage produced a corpus of 882 denoised, labelled clips via <i>librosa</i>, <i>noisereduce</i>, and <i>Label Studio.</i> The model selection stage compared 4909 scikit-learn configurations and 120 CNN configurations. The strongest classical approach (Random Forest) achieved an accuracy of 0.373, whereas the best CNN scored 0.455 against a majority-class baseline of 0.316. Per-class analysis showed that the classical models performed poorly across most intonation categories, assigning 94% of predictions to the two most frequent classes. These results indicate early-stage prototype performance rather than a validated evaluation and are not yet sufficient to support reliable automatic intonation marking. Having recognised the prototype limitations, the researchers have scheduled a roadmap for improving the tool. The suggested model applies the principles of machine learning to automatically generate prosodic analysis that extends beyond individual sound segments and reflects suprasegmental aspects of prosody including rhythm, intonation, and phrasal stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"15 ","pages":"648"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13673075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Algorithmic Targeting in the Iranian-Israeli Confrontation: Technical Realities, Legal thresholds, and the Boundaries of Human Control.","authors":"Lamia Faris","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.169794.4","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.169794.4","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The adoption of AI for military targeting, defence and engagement operations changes the tempo, magnitude and scope of lethal decision making. Both Iran and Israel have introduced systems that incorporate AI in different ways, technologically and doctrinally, in the Iranian-Israeli confrontation. The issue that is being analysed here is not about which state is technologically more advanced but if meaningful human control of the application of force can be maintained in a high volume, under compressed decision time algorithmic system.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;The individual AI-enabled system or application is the primary unit of analysis, whereas Israel and Iran are higher-level comparative contexts used for interpreting the findings at the system level. Systems are first broken down into five functional categories (AI-supported target generation, automated defence interception, assisted fire control at the weapon, autonomous platforms and swarms, and cyber and information applications) based on decision tempo, the location of the human in the decision cycle, and the legal test that must be used. A six indicator assessment is conducted for each system across four dimensions of the system: technical capability, operational employment and effectiveness, human control, and legal compliance. Five indicators are measured as an ordinal capability band with a within band rubric, while legal compliance is not scored but is measured qualitatively. There is an explicit level of confidence attached to each assessment, differentiating between documented and assessed competence. Sources were identified and sourced from peer-reviewed literature, OSINT, official documents and investigative journalism and then prioritized on a five-tiered scale.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The two national sets don't diverge quite as evenly as the aggregate comparison implies within the categories that make up functional sets. The undetermined Iranian capability in target generation is in contrast with the documented high level of Israeli capability. In defensive interception, high automation comes from the physics of the threat. With assisted fire control, AI will be added to the fire control system, but it will only reinforce human control - its authority will be purely negative. For both autonomous platforms and swarms, the capability sets are closest and the control problem is most acute for them. In cyber and information applications the evidentiary asymmetry inverts. Technical accuracy, operational effectiveness, legal compliance and humanitarian outcome are treated as separate constructs throughout.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;However, the limitation on meaningful human control is not the sophistication of the algorithm, but the ratio of the number of engagement options that can be provided by a system in a given time to the time taken to interrogate them. Two paths of degraded human control are at work, one from advanced m","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"1200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13654070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping Export Sustainability in Frozen Cephalopods: Destination Concentration and Revealed Comparative Advantage in China, Indonesia, India, Spain, Morocco, and Argentina (2020-2024).","authors":"Jose Carlos Montes Ninaquispe, Luisa Angelica Orejuela Guerrero, Eleodora Del Pilar Orejuela Guerrero, Carlos José Sandoval Reyes, José Alfredo Castañeda Nassi, Victor Ángel Ancajima Miñán, Rosario Yaqueliny Llauce Santamaria, Juan Carlos Damián Sandoval, Karina Tomasa Valdiviezo Pérez, César Pol Arévalo-Aranda, Marco Agustín Arbulú Ballesteros","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.183651.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.183651.2","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Frozen squid and cuttlefish (Harmonized System code 030743) form a commercially relevant segment of global cephalopod trade, with implications for cold-chain logistics, traceability and the economic resilience of exporting countries. Despite this relevance, comparable cross-country evidence on how export portfolios are structured and how relative specialization evolves remains limited. The study describes and compares destination diversification and revealed export positioning of frozen cephalopod exports for China, Indonesia, India, Spain, Morocco and Argentina between 2020 and 2024.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A quantitative, non-experimental, retrospective longitudinal design was applied using secondary statistics from the United Nations International Trade Statistics Database (UN Comtrade). Destination diversification was measured through the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), computed from the complete distribution of export shares across importing partners. Revealed specialization was assessed through the Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA), obtained from the symmetric transformation of the Balassa index. The description was complemented with summary statistics (means, standard deviations, coefficients of variation and concentration ratios) and with exploratory non-parametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman and Spearman correlations) that compare countries and years without inferring causal mechanisms; cleaning and harmonization followed documented routines to ensure replicability.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Cross-country heterogeneity was marked. China showed sustained deconcentration, with HHI declining from 1,134 to 704. India maintained a stable, moderately concentrated portfolio. Argentina moved from high concentration toward a more distributed structure, with partial reconcentration in 2024. Indonesia deepened its concentration, with HHI rising from 2,964 to 3,894, and Morocco remained highly concentrated throughout. Spain preserved high concentration despite redistribution among secondary markets. Between-country differences in HHI were large (Kruskal-Wallis H = 27.4, p &lt; 0.001, ε &lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.95), whereas no common year effect was detected (Friedman χ &lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 3.07, p = 0.547); across country-years, destination-level RSCA was moderately and inversely associated with concentration (Spearman ρ = -0.40, p = 0.030). RSCA values evidenced persistent revealed specialization for India and Argentina, China's repositioning in selected destinations, Indonesia's Asia-centered specialization, and Morocco's competitiveness embedded in Mediterranean outlets.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Three descriptive export profiles were identified: diversified and stable; growth-oriented yet dependent; and specialized but destination-vulnerable. Supported by explicit summary statistics and exploratory tests, this typology offers a replicable baseline for sustainability discussions without i","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"15 ","pages":"971"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13653100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149164939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leading beyond the Job Description: Investigating the Association between Principals' Leadership Styles and Teachers' Organizational Citizenship Behaviors in North Wollo Secondary Schools.","authors":"Yihenew Belay, Mateb Tafere","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.183874.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.183874.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Unpredictable school leadership and a lack of participative decision-making hinder school effectiveness in Ethiopia, particularly in conflict-affected areas experiencing high teacher burnout and system disruptions. This study investigates how transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership styles associate with teachers' organizational citizenship behaviors in secondary schools of the North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was employed. Quantitative data were collected from a proportionally selected sample of 334 teachers across 13 secondary schools using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire and a modified 24-item organizational citizenship behavior scale. This was followed by qualitative semi-structured interviews with seven purposively selected school principals to unpack contextual nuances. Quantitative data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple linear regressions in SPSS20 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Transformational leadership was the most frequently practiced style (M = 2.88, SD = 0.55), followed closely by transactional leadership (M = 2.82, SD = 0.51), while laissez-faire scored lowest (M = 2.44, SD = 0.72). Teachers exhibited moderate overall organizational citizenship behaviors (M = 3.32, SD = 0.77). Correlation analysis revealed that transformational (r = .69, p < .001) and transactional (r = .61, p < .001) styles had significant positive associations with extra-role behaviors, while laissez-faire showed a strong negative correlation (r = -.55, p < .001). Multiple regression confirmed the model explained 63.8% of the variance, with transformational leadership acting as the strongest positive predictor (β = .39, p < .001) and laissez-faire as a severe negative predictor (β = -.38, p < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Active leadership styles are vital for fostering teachers' organizational citizenship behaviors in challenging, conflict-affected environments. Educational training frameworks must integrate transformational competencies to maximize institutional effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"15 ","pages":"1186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13560027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148955403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI Integration in Indonesian Education: Trends, Outcomes, and Challenges - A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Aulia Riski, Reinhard Leonardo Paais, Aan Komariah, Novebri Novebri, Lany Pranita Alang, Winda Verawati Ataupah, Zeffa Yurihana, Maria Vatmawaty Bety, Denny Ramadhan, Ade Syarifudin, Linda Dwiyanti, Teuku Yasser","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.188536.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.188536.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Global education trends show the rapid growth of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as one of the leading technologies worldwide, a shift increasingly reflected in Indonesian education. This study aims to provide a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by mapping the research landscape, its representation in practice and policy, its impact on learning quality, and the barriers to AI integration in Indonesian education.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Using the PRISMA protocol, 34 peer-reviewed articles indexed in the Scopus and Google Schoolar databases (2020-2026) were systematically selected and thematically analyzed across four main themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicate a rapid increase in publication productivity, particularly following the worldwide expansion of generative AI technologies after 2022. However, this growth remains unevenly distributed, concentrated in higher education institutions and urban centers on the island of Java, with a marked absence in primary and secondary education levels and in regions outside Java. The majority of AI-driven implementations consist of generative chatbots, adaptive learning platforms, and intelligent tutoring systems, alongside emerging applications such as learning analytics and AI-powered instructional media. Several studies included in this review reported that AI has contributed to measurable improvements in student outcomes including learning achievement, motivation, engagement, and teaching efficiency with studies reporting relative performance gains of 20-35% in well-implemented AI environments. Nonetheless, its adoption also poses significant risks, including a decline in students' critical thinking skills, threats to academic integrity, and the absence of comprehensive data privacy policies and ethical standards governing AI use in education.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings underscore the urgent need for a responsible AI implementation framework in Indonesia one that incorporates standardized AI literacy competencies for teachers, locally contextualized ethical policies, and a functional national roadmap for AI-enabled educational transformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"15 ","pages":"1369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Psychological Pricing Strategy in Customer Purchasing Behavior.","authors":"Asst Prof Dr Sawsan Ibrahim Rajab, Mohammed Satwan Amhammed","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.177273.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.177273.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to clarify the role of psychological pricing strategies, specifically fractional pricing, Decimal Point, price line size, and price line color, in guiding the customer buying behavior of Al-Salam chain stores in Kirkuk Governorate, through their combined dimensions of cognitive response, emotional response, and purchasingThe research problem stemmed from the lack of awareness among the management of Al-Salam stores in Kirkuk Governorate regarding the impact of these strategies on consumer purchasing behavior. Psychological pricing is supposed to be a tool for maximizing sales and acquiring the largest possible number of customers. Therefore, to achieve the objective and address the research problem, the descriptive-analytical approach was adopted. The study was based on two main hypotheses, which sought to determine the correlation and influence between psychological pricing strategies, represented by their dimensions (fractional pricing, price intervals, price line size, and price line color), and guiding consumer purchasing behavior. To collect and analyze the data, a questionnaire was designed for this purpose and distributed to 400 customers of Al-Salam chain stores in Kirkuk Governorate. (340) questionnaires were returned, and among these questionnaires, (288) questionnaires were valid for statistical analysis, as all of their items were answered and no item was left unanswered. The valid questionnaire data formed the basis for reaching a set of results, which proved the existence of a strong correlation and influence of psychological pricing at the micro level, represented by (fractional prices, price interval, price line size, and price line color), and at the macro level in directing the customer's purchasing behavior with its aggregate dimensions, represented by (cognitive response, emotional response, and purchase).</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"15 ","pages":"855"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13627935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobile Phones and Their Impact on the Socioeconomic Development of Rural Women in Peru.","authors":"Lindon Vela Meléndez, Sergio Tobón, Yefferson Llonto Caicedo, Enaidy Reynosa Navarro","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.152716.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.152716.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study examines the impact of mobile phones on the socioeconomic development of rural women in Peru, using data from the National Household Survey from 2016 to 2022. Previous studies have highlighted the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in empowering rural women and reducing the digital gender gap.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A quantitative approach and a correlational design were applied. The Mincer equation adjusted with the Heckman method was used to estimate the effect of mobile phone use on the income of rural women, considering socioeconomic and demographic variables. The sample included between 1,436 and 1,568 rural Peruvian women per year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicate a positive correlation between owning a personal mobile phone and the income of rural women in the period 2016-2019. In 2018, owning a mobile phone was associated with a 39.3% increase in income levels. In 2022, this effect was 49.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is concluded that the income of rural women in Peru is positively linked to the possession of a mobile phone, but also depends on factors such as years of education, work experience, marital status, household headship, and labor market participation. The findings support the implementation of public policies to reduce the digital gender gap and promote sustainable development.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13653101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}