F1000Research最新文献

{"title":"Teachers' and students' use of ChatGPT at Social science faculty in the public and private Universities of Bangladesh.","authors":"Arifur Rahman, Md Khairul Islam, Abdullah Al-Mamun, Md Shahidul Islam","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.161351.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.161351.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bangladesh is an emerging country where teachers and students of public and private universities have started using technology in the classrooms. Many teachers and students of social science faculty have an inclination to use ChatGPT for educational and research purposes. This study, centering on this specific context, aims to provide insights into the perception and integration of ChatGPT into the educational practices of an emerging country.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed a mixed method approach. Quantitative data were collected through questionnaire survey from 402 teachers and 440 students of eight different public and private universities following a stratified sampling approach. A convenience sampling technique was followed with a view to collecting qualitative data through in-depth interviews of 32 participants, comprising 16 teachers and 16 students from both public and private universities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study presents that students and teachers both have proficiency, yet a gap in expertise persists. Students perceive ChatGPT as beneficial for better learning outcomes, and teachers find it helpful in preparing for classes and instructional materials. Both teachers and students regard ChatGPT requiring minimal effort. While peer influence drives students to use it, this factor does not influence teachers. However, teachers express stronger behavioral intentions to use it in the future compared to students. Nevertheless, ethical use, reliance, and information accuracy continue to raise concerns. Besides, high cost and language barriers are also listed as reasons for limiting accessibility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study have significant implications for the development of policies, research endeavors, and teaching-learning practices in the higher education sector covering both public and private universities in Bangladesh and other similar contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12461191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between benzene concentration, MDA levels and kidney function in car painting workshops in Surabaya: A cross-sectional observational study.","authors":"Abdul Rohim Tualeka, Mohd Yusmaidie Aziz, Velu Perumal, Tamilanban Thamaraikani, Roslan Rosnon, Salsabila Novianti, Pudji Rahmawati, Ahsan Ahsan","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.140287.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.140287.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Car painting workers are at risk of health problems, particularly kidney disorders, due to exposure to solvents containing benzene as the main ingredient in the car painting process. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between benzene and Risk Quotient (RQ) benzene concentrations with Malondialdehyde (MDA), Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine levels in workers exposed to benzene in car painting workshops in Surabaya.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used an observational design with a cross-sectional method conducted at two car paint workshops in Surabaya. The study population was all workers exposed to benzene in the two car paint workshops, aged between 20-65 years in 2019. The sample was taken using an random sampling method, involving 30 respondents. Inclusion criteria included workers exposed to benzene and willing to participate, while exclusion criteria included workers with a liver or kidney disease history. The variables studied included benzene concentration, benzene RQ (benzene metabolite), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as a marker of oxidative stress, and indicators of kidney function (BUN and creatinine levels). Data were analyzed using descriptive and bivariate analysis with Pearson correlation test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant relationship between concentrations, RQ benzene, and MDA levels in workers in painting in Surabaya (p> 0.05). There was no significant relationship between benzene concentration, BUN levels, and creatinine levels in paint workers in Surabaya (p> 0.05). There was no significant relationship between benzene RQ and BUN and creatinine levels in paint workers in Surabaya (p> 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study's results indicate that benzene's effects do not lead to impaired kidney function. The benzene RQ variable in this study did not become a determining factor in BUN and creatinine levels in workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"12 ","pages":"1419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences of women living with HIV who underwent long loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) in selected hospitals of Vhembe district, Limpopo province, South Africa.","authors":"Mabareki Cecilia Machaba Sikhwetha, Lufuno Makhado","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.158796.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.158796.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical cancer poses a significant health threat, especially for women living with HIV, who are at increased risk of developing premalignant cervical lesions. Large Loop Excision of the Transformation Zone (LLETZ) is a standard treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) to prevent progression to malignancy. This study explores the experiences of HIV-positive women who underwent LLETZ in Vhembe District, South Africa, where access to such specialized treatments remains limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a qualitative, phenomenological approach, this study engaged seven HIV-positive women who underwent LLETZ, capturing their lived experiences through in-depth, unstructured interviews. Thematic analysis identified key themes and subthemes to elucidate their psychological, physical, and social encounters related to the procedure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis revealed eight central themes: psychological and physical experiences, psychosocial and financial support, misconceptions, education, recommendations, and time-related factors. Participants reported anxiety, fear, and initial stress about the procedure, coupled with resilience and acceptance over time. Physical effects such as pain and bleeding were common, though recovery experiences varied. Social support from family and community played a critical role in coping, while financial constraints impacted access to and continuity of care. Misunderstandings about the LLETZ procedure underscored the need for enhanced patient education. Participants emphasized timely screening and support systems to improve treatment outcomes and reduce psychological distress.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study highlights the multifaceted impact of LLETZ on HIV-positive women, including the psychological and financial burdens and the importance of clear communication and patient education. Improved support structures, timely result communication, and access to follow-up care are essential to enhance patient outcomes. Recommendations advocate for health system improvements, partner involvement, and proactive counselling to address the specific needs of HIV-positive women undergoing cervical cancer prevention treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12489456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145231809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ergonomic Design and Evaluation of Cloth-Pulling Devices for Praewa Silk Weavers .","authors":"Wuttichai Yota, Manida Swangnetr Neubert, Teeraphun Kaewdok","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.163622.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.163622.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Traditional weaving professionals pull cloth manually during the handloom process, which can lead to several unnoticed musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to design and evaluate the effectiveness of cloth-pulling devices for Praewa silk weavers in Thailand.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An experimental trial was conducted using surface electromyography to evaluate weavers' muscle activity, productivity and perceived satisfaction during the Praewa silk-pulling process while employing traditional cloth pulling, using a standard cloth-pulling device and using an ergonomic prototype cloth-pulling device.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the levels of muscle activity and hand activity with the prototype design were generally lower than those with traditional cloth pulling and with the standard cloth-pulling device (p < 0.01). There was a significant preference for the prototype, based on productivity and perceived satisfaction (p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The new cloth-pulling device was found to be both applicable and well accepted by the weavers. It is recommended that future research include ergonomic assessments such as muscle activity and fatigue measurements during actual field production to further refine the tool design. Additionally, workstation modifications and improvements to working conditions should be explored to enhance overall ergonomics and worker well-being in the weaving industry Practical implementation of these recommendations may contribute to increased productivity and reduced work-related discomfort among weavers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"477"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12449686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Rare Bilateral Double Profunda Femoris Artery Variation: Clinical Implications and Considerations.","authors":"Prasanna Gaydhanker, Soumya Vinod, Ernest Adeghate, Sahar Mohsin","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.151518.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.151518.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The profunda femoris artery (PFA) is the largest branch of the femoral artery supplying the thigh. The study reports a rare occurrence of bilateral double profunda artery in a male cadaver, aiming to inform surgeons of such variations to avoid complications during surgical interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted during routine dissections using 5-10% formalin-fixed lower limbs of a male cadaver at the Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, UAE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the right lower limb, two profunda femoris artery (PFA) branches arise from the common femoral artery (CFA) 5 cm from the inguinal ligament, one laterally and one posteromedially. The medial (MCFA) and lateral circumflex (LCFA) arteries branch from these PFAs respectively. The femoral nerve is anterior to the lateral PFA and LCFA and lateral to the posteromedial PFA. The obturator nerve runs posterior to the posteromedial PFA. In the left lower limb, two PFAs originate from the CFA, 2.5 and 5 cm from the inguinal ligament, lateral and posterior to the CFA, respectively. The LCFA stems from the upper lateral branch of the duplicated PFA, while the medial MCFA arises from the CFA. The femoral nerve lies anterior to both the PFA and LCFA. The obturator nerve is posterior to the MCFA. The femoral vein crosses over the MCFA and the lower posterior PFA, distal to the MCFA origin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This report enriches understanding of PFA anatomy and its variations, emphasizing the importance of tailored surgical approaches to minimize risks and ensure procedure success.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"13 ","pages":"1528"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12368486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SPAR-4 and sustainable operations: A meta-analytic breakthrough.","authors":"Madhu Arora, Vasim Ahmad, Arpit Walia, Saurav Negi, Jatinderkumar R Saini, Rupesh Kumar","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.160388.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.160388.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In a deglobalized world, operations are a major competitive force for industrialized economies, especially with the inclusion of the latest technologies. This study aims to meticulously examine the literature on analytics, operations and sustainability through assessment of contributing publications, nations, authors, and keywords that can provide new perspectives for the research domain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The SPAR-4 (Smart Prediction and Reporting for Analysis and Research) model when integrated with bibliometric analysis helps follow a systematic approach to conducting research review along with meta-analysis to evaluate important articles, trends, and major contributors in these fields. This study therefore underlines the changing significance of sustainability in operational strategies, assesses the interconnectedness of research areas, and identifies emerging themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings highlight the increasing significance of analytics in tackling sustainability issues, providing industry and academia with information to match operational procedures with sustainable development objectives.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By deepening grasp of the research landscape, this study supports strategic decision-making for sustained competitive operational excellence for the policy makers and strategic decision-makers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12438951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145080023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generational Differences in Dietary Behaviours: A Cross-Sectional Study of Generations X, Y, and Z.","authors":"Nasser S Alqahtani, Saja Alanazi, Reema Almuhayd, Ethar Alanazi, Jenan Alanazi","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.167810.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.167810.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary behaviours influence obesity and chronic disease. In Saudi Arabia, Westernised diets and sedentary lifestyles have driven rising obesity. This study explores generational dietary patterns to inform Saudi Vision 2030 planning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study of 1,153 individuals was conducted in Saudi Arabia. These participants came from three generations: Generation X (born 1965-1980), Generation Y (born 1981-1996), and Generation Z (born 1997-2012). Participants were recruited via digital platforms (social media, email lists, and university networks). They also completed a validated, self-administered online questionnaire that captured 24-hour dietary recall, food-choice determinants, and relevant lifestyle factors. All data were statistically analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 and considered significant at p values < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Generational differences were statistically significant (p<0.001). For Generation Z, 34.1% reported consuming soft drinks more than three times weekly, compared to 6.4% for Generation X and 20.8% for Generation Y. Generation Z also had the lowest intake of fruits (only 4.8% reported ≥3 servings per day) and vegetables (8.4% met ≥3 servings per day). These individuals were more influenced by peers, taste (60.6%), and price (10.5%) than by nutrition. Conversely, Generations X and Y prioritised long-term health (69.5% and 38.9%, respectively) and nutritional value (71.1% and 38.5%, respectively). Gen Z favoured restaurant dining (40.3%), showed higher peer influence (63.2%), and more frequent meal skipping (88.3%). Furthermore, favourable nutritional intake, including water and fruits/vegetables, declined across generations, with Gen Z consuming more soft drinks (59.2%) and snacks (51.6%) than Gen X.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Generational dietary differences in Saudi Arabia reflect global and local shifts. Targeted public health strategies, digital interventions addressing affordability and appearance for Gen Z, and reinforced traditional education for Gen X/Y are essential. These insights support school and community nutrition policies aligned with Saudi Vision 2030.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"858"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12455175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reference genome and reproduction-focused transcriptome for the threatened alpine tree frog ( <i>Litoria verreauxii alpina</i>).","authors":"Alexander S Wendt, Laura Brannelly","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.163701.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.163701.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The alpine tree frog ( <i>Litoria verreauxii alpina</i>) is a threatened species found only above 1,200 meters within the Australian Alps. This species' distribution has been severely limited due to the pathogentic amphibian chytrid fungus, and current populations persist by recruitment. Here, we provide the first publicly available genome for the genus. We used PacBio HiFi reads as well as Hi-C scaffolding data to construct a high-quality genome. We also generated a reproduction focused transcriptome from brain, liver, and gonad tissues. The genome was 2.77 Gb in length and consisted of 962 contigs with a contig N50 of 37.2 Mb and an L50 of 19. This study provides the first publicly available reference genome for the <i>Litoria</i> genus to assist in conservation and reproduction focused works in amphibian management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"514"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of the red-legged partridge, <i>Alectoris rufa</i> Linnaeus 1758.","authors":"Abderrahmane Eleiwa, Pol Mestre, Ana Usie, Ester Vilaprinyo, Alberto Marin-Sanguino, Albert Sorribas, Cristobal Richart, Judit Salces-Ortiz, Rosa Fernández, Mar Biarnés, Noélia Antilles, Jesus Nadal, Rui Alves","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.162894.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.162894.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The red-legged partridge ( <i>Alectoris rufa</i>) is a socio-economically important game bird in southern Europe. Despite previous efforts, achieving a high-quality, chromosome-level genome assembly has remained challenging. Here, we present a <i>de novo</i> phased, gapless reference genome of <i>A. rufa</i>, combining Nanopore long-read sequencing and Hi-C data from both sexes. The assembly resolves 40 nuclear chromosomes (38 autosomes and the 2 sex chromosomes, Z and W) and the mitochondrial genome, achieving chromosome-scale resolution and 99.1% completeness based on the Aves BUSCO dataset. This high-quality genome provides a critical resource for studying genetic diversity, sex-linked traits, and evolutionary adaptations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"855"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12464528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145185185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and Analysis of SIRR Model (Ebola Transmission Dynamics Model) with Delay Differential Equation.","authors":"Akinleye Emmanuel Lasekan, Joshua Oluwasegun Agbomola, Kabir Oluwatobi Idowu, Babatunde Ademola Kannike, Esther Oluwatoyin Mulero, Temitope Senami Gandonu, Solari Myrjuari Elee","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.168361.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/f1000research.168361.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a severe and often fatal illness with high transmission potential and recurring outbreaks. Traditional compartmental models often neglect biologically important delays, such as the latent period before an infected individual becomes infectious, limiting their ability to capture real-world epidemic patterns. Including such delays can provide a more accurate understanding of outbreak persistence and control strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we develop and analyze a novel deterministic SIRR model that captures the complex transmission dynamics of Ebola by explicitly combining nonlinear incidence rates with a delay differential equation framework. Unlike traditional models, this approach integrates a biologically motivated delay to represent the latent period before infectiousness, providing a more realistic depiction of disease spread. The basic reproduction number (R ₀) is derived using the next-generation matrix, and local stability for disease-free and endemic equilibria is established. Using center manifold theory, we investigate transcritical bifurcation at R ₀ = 1, while Hopf bifurcation analysis determines when delays trigger oscillatory epidemics. Sensitivity analysis identifies parameters most influencing R ₀, and numerical simulations are performed using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The main novelty of this work lies in its detailed investigation of how delays influence outbreak persistence and can trigger oscillatory epidemics, patterns often observed in practice but rarely captured by classic models. For R ₀< 1, the disease-free equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable; for R ₀> 1, an endemic equilibrium emerges. Increasing delays destabilizes the system, amplifying peak infections, prolonging outbreaks, and producing sustained oscillations. Isolation of recovered individuals (c) significantly reduces R_0, while transmission rate (β), recruitment rate (Λ), and isolation transition rate (ρ) are identified as the most sensitive parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Accounting for delayed recovery dynamics is crucial for accurately predicting outbreak patterns and designing effective interventions. This delay-based, nonlinear-incidence model offers a robust analytical and computational framework for guiding public health strategies, with direct implications for reducing transmission, shortening outbreak duration, and preventing epidemic resurgence.</p>","PeriodicalId":12260,"journal":{"name":"F1000Research","volume":"14 ","pages":"857"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12441668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145085669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}