Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research最新文献

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Adherence to oral anticoagulants in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: the role of patients' characteristics and out-of-pocket payments. 非瓣膜性心房颤动患者坚持服用口服抗凝药:患者特征和自付费用的作用。
IF 1.8 4区 医学
Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2024.2377663
Siraj Al-Obaidi, Rima Hijazeen, Rasha M Arabyat, Ibrahim Alabbadi
{"title":"Adherence to oral anticoagulants in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: the role of patients' characteristics and out-of-pocket payments.","authors":"Siraj Al-Obaidi, Rima Hijazeen, Rasha M Arabyat, Ibrahim Alabbadi","doi":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2377663","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2377663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent practice guidelines favor direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) over warfarin for primary stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). However, challenges persist in Iraq's private pharmaceutical sector. DOACs have been sold at high and inconsistent retail prices and lack insurance coverage, leading to significant out-of-pocket (OOP) costs. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of OOP costs on oral anticoagulants (OAC) adherence among NVAF patients.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>This multicenter cross-sectional study interviewed 359 eligible patients attending three private cardiology clinics within Iraq's southern region from December 2022 to February 2023. The 8-item Morisky Adherence Scale evaluated patient adherence. Statistical analyses, including descriptive analysis, ANOVA, and chi-square. <i>p</i> < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most frequently prescribed OAC were DOACs (62.8%). Patient adherence level to OAC was chiefly medium (54.6%) with no significant difference in adherence based on OAC type. Patient adherence was significantly associated with monthly income (<i>p</i> = 0.001), number of daily pills (<i>p</i> = 0.006), and OACs' average monthly cost (<i>p</i> = 0.011).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Addressing the issue of cost-related non-adherence to OACs requires multiple actions. These include ensuring comprehensive health insurance coverage for OACs, increasing the use of affordable generic alternatives, and establishing effective cost-related discussions between healthcare providers and patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12244,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141533979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bridging the gap: enhancing medication adherence through research and innovation. 缩小差距:通过研究和创新提高服药依从性。
IF 1.8 4区 医学
Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2024.2378178
Tamás Ágh, Mickaël Hiligsmann
{"title":"Bridging the gap: enhancing medication adherence through research and innovation.","authors":"Tamás Ágh, Mickaël Hiligsmann","doi":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2378178","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2378178","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12244,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141554497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessing the economic impact of digital endpoints on medication adherence. 评估数字终点对坚持用药的经济影响。
IF 1.8 4区 医学
Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2024.2334893
Ahmad Z Al Meslamani, Nannan Li
{"title":"Assessing the economic impact of digital endpoints on medication adherence.","authors":"Ahmad Z Al Meslamani, Nannan Li","doi":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2334893","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2334893","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12244,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140193580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How can physicians improve medication adherence and outcomes in dermatological conditions? 医生如何提高皮肤病患者的用药依从性和疗效?
IF 1.8 4区 医学
Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2024.2370911
Jessica Q Duong, Ryan F Bloomquist, Steven R Feldman
{"title":"How can physicians improve medication adherence and outcomes in dermatological conditions?","authors":"Jessica Q Duong, Ryan F Bloomquist, Steven R Feldman","doi":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2370911","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2370911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Medication non-adherence is a major contributor to suboptimal disease treatment across medical specialties and is a particular hurdle with topicals. While adherence is a patient behavior affected by many socioeconomic and health system factors, physicians can play an important role in encouraging good adherence.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>We discuss methods for measuring adherence, including ethics of such research, provide select examples of dermatology-specific adherence studies, and conclude with physician-focused practices to improve patients' adherence. Articles were selected from a PubMed search spanning 2003 to 10 December 2023, using the following terms: 'dermatology,' 'medication,' 'treatment,' 'adherence,' 'compliance,' and 'intervention.'</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Poor adherence to treatment is a major cause of poor treatment outcomes. As the goal of medical care is to achieve successful treatment outcomes, encouraging good adherence may be as much a foundation of care as making the right diagnosis and prescribing the right treatment. Taking a doctor-centric perspective on reasons for non-adherence may be more productive than simply finding fault with the patient. Establishing trust and accountability is a foundation for good adherence; after establishing the provider-patient relationship, physicians can improve adherence by incorporating behavioral and counseling strategies, communicating through technology, and advocating for distribution of validated educational information.</p>","PeriodicalId":12244,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141445919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cost-effectiveness of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab as first-line therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. 阿特珠单抗联合贝伐单抗作为转移性肾细胞癌一线疗法的成本效益。
IF 1.8 4区 医学
Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2024.2399246
Siying Wang, Ouyang Xie, Meiyu Wu, Heng Xiang, Chongqing Tan, Xiaomin Wan
{"title":"Cost-effectiveness of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab as first-line therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.","authors":"Siying Wang, Ouyang Xie, Meiyu Wu, Heng Xiang, Chongqing Tan, Xiaomin Wan","doi":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2399246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14737167.2024.2399246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Recently, the IMmotion151 trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and found that this combination led to longer progression-free survival. However, no studies have evaluated the cost-effectiveness of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We constructed a Markov model to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab, using costs and utilities from the published studies. We set the willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold at $150,000. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure that our results were robust. We performed a threshold analysis to explore a more appropriate price for atezolizumab.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results found that although atezolizumab plus bevacizumab provided more quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), its incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was $1,640,532/QALY, well above the WTP threshold. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analysis results confirmed the robust of this conclusion. Based on the threshold analysis, for atezolizumab plus bevacizumab to be cost-effective, the price of them would need to be reduced by 46.3% or more.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>From the perspective of US payers, atezolizumab plus bevacizumab is not cost-effective for mRCC patients. To make this combination cost-effective in the future, the price of atezolizumab and bevacizumab needs to be reduced.</p>","PeriodicalId":12244,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142105922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Policy solutions for medication non-adherence: what can governments do? 不遵医嘱用药的政策解决方案:政府能做些什么?
IF 1.8 4区 医学
Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2024.2321242
Ahmad Z Al Meslamani
{"title":"Policy solutions for medication non-adherence: what can governments do?","authors":"Ahmad Z Al Meslamani","doi":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2321242","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2321242","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12244,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139746510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of non-pharmacological interventions on adherence to medication and persistence in dyslipidaemia and hypertension: a systematic review. 非药物干预对血脂异常和高血压患者坚持服药的影响:系统综述。
IF 1.8 4区 医学
Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2024.2319598
André Pascal Kengne, Jean-Baptiste Brière, Irene Asensio Gudiña, Xiaobin Jiang, Petya Kodjamanova, Liga Bennetts, Zeba M Khan
{"title":"The impact of non-pharmacological interventions on adherence to medication and persistence in dyslipidaemia and hypertension: a systematic review.","authors":"André Pascal Kengne, Jean-Baptiste Brière, Irene Asensio Gudiña, Xiaobin Jiang, Petya Kodjamanova, Liga Bennetts, Zeba M Khan","doi":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2319598","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2319598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Suboptimal medication adherence is common among patients with cardiovascular diseases. We sought evidence on non-pharmacological interventions used to support adherence for patients with hypertension and/or dyslipidemia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, MEDLINE In-Process, ClinicalTrials.gov, EUCTR, and conference proceedings from July 2011 to July 2021 to identify trials evaluating effects of health education, phone reminders, or digital interventions on medication adherence or persistence of adult patients with hypertension and/or dyslipidemia. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool v2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 64 studies, 62 used health education approaches (e.g. educational interviews, motivational meetings, advice from physicians, and mobile health content), 16 phone reminders (e.g. text reminders, electronic pill-box linked reminders, bi-directional text messaging), and 10 digital applications as interventions (e.g., various self-management applications). All studies assessed medication adherence; only two persistence. Overall, 30 studies (83%) assessing health education approaches alone and 25 (78%) combined with other strategies, 12 (75%) phone reminders and eight studies (80%) digital applications combined with other strategies reported improved medication adherence. Two studies assessing health education approaches reported improved persistence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate non-pharmacological interventions may positively impact adherence. Therefore, 'beyond the pill' approaches could play a role in preventing cardiovascular diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12244,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139746537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Survival analysis of famotidine administration routes in non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage patients: based on the MIMIC-IV database. 非创伤性脑出血患者法莫替丁给药途径的生存率分析:基于 MIMIC-IV 数据库。
IF 1.8 4区 医学
Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2024.2394113
Ling Chen, Yan Wang
{"title":"Survival analysis of famotidine administration routes in non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage patients: based on the MIMIC-IV database.","authors":"Ling Chen, Yan Wang","doi":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2394113","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2394113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study compared the survival outcomes of non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients with different famotidine administration routes and explored related risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from ICH patients between 2008-2019 were extracted from the MIMIC-IV database. Survival differences between patients with intravenous (IV) and non-intravenous (Non-IV) famotidine administration were analyzed using Cox analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 351 patients, with 109 in the IV group and 84 in the Non-IV group after PSM. Cox analysis revealed that survival was significantly associated with age (HR = 1.031, 95%CI:1.011-1.050, <i>p</i> = 0.002), chloride ions (HR = 1.061, 95%CI:1.027-1.096, <i>p</i> < 0.001), BUN (HR = 1.034, 95%CI:1.007-1.062, <i>p</i> = 0.012), ICP (HR = 1.059, 95%CI:1.027-1.092, <i>p</i> < 0.001), RDW (HR = 1.156, 95%CI:1.030-1.299, <i>p</i> = 0.014), mechanical ventilation (HR = 2.526, 95%CI:1.341-4.760, <i>p</i> = 0.004), antibiotic use (HR = 0.331, 95%CI:0.144-0.759, <i>p</i> = 0.009), and Non-IV route (HR = 0.518, 95%CI:0.283-0.948, <i>p</i> = 0.033). Kaplan-Meier curves showed a significantly higher 30-day survival rate in the Non-IV group (<i>p</i> = 0.011), particularly in patients with normal ICP (HR = 0.518, 95%CI:0.283-0.948, <i>p</i> = 0.033).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Non-IV famotidine administration significantly improves 30-day survival of ICH patients, especially for those with normal ICP, compared to IV administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12244,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141999674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Budget impact and cost per responder analysis of upadacitinib for the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis from the perspective of the social security and the private sector in Argentina. 从阿根廷社会保障和私营部门的角度分析奥达帕替尼治疗中重度特应性皮炎的预算影响和每应答者成本。
IF 1.8 4区 医学
Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2024.2394124
Natalia Espinola, Federico Rodríguez Cairoli, Carlos Rojas-Roque, Paula Carolina Luna, Diego Kanevsky, Valeria Migliazza, Andrés Pichon-Riviere
{"title":"Budget impact and cost per responder analysis of upadacitinib for the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis from the perspective of the social security and the private sector in Argentina.","authors":"Natalia Espinola, Federico Rodríguez Cairoli, Carlos Rojas-Roque, Paula Carolina Luna, Diego Kanevsky, Valeria Migliazza, Andrés Pichon-Riviere","doi":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2394124","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2394124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our study assessed the budget impact and cost per responder of upadacitinib15mg and 30 mg for moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (MS-AD) treatment from social security and private health sector perspective in Argentina.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A budget impact model was adapted to depict clinical and economic aspects of treatment over a 5-years horizon time. Scenario analyses and deterministic sensitivity analyses were performed. A 16-weeks cost per responder model was adapted based on a network meta-analysis. Primary analyses assessed the cost per Eczema Area and Severity Index 50, 75 and 90 at week 16.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The inclusion of upadacitinib 15 mg and 30 mg in the biological treatment mix for MS-AD was associated with an average budget saving per-member per-month ofU$S0.062 (social security) and U$S0.064 (private sector). Percentage of patients with access to treatment, acquisition cost of upadacitinib 30 mg and prevalence of MS-AD were the most influential parameters in the budget impact results. At week 16, upadacitinib 30 mg was associated with the lowest number needed to treat and the lowest cost per responder for all outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The introduction of upadacitinib in MS-AD treatment was associated with modest savings for the social security and private payer budget in Argentina.</p>","PeriodicalId":12244,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Patients' health related quality of life after massive weight loss reconstruction in the Netherlands. 荷兰大规模减重重建后患者的健康相关生活质量。
IF 1.8 4区 医学
Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2024.2393328
Guus van Uittert, Maarten Hoogbergen, Charlotte Beaudart, Nannan Li, Mijke Boers, Mickaël Hiligsmann
{"title":"Patients' health related quality of life after massive weight loss reconstruction in the Netherlands.","authors":"Guus van Uittert, Maarten Hoogbergen, Charlotte Beaudart, Nannan Li, Mijke Boers, Mickaël Hiligsmann","doi":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2393328","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14737167.2024.2393328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of undergoing massive weight loss reconstruction (MWR) on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in the Netherlands.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A retrospective study was performed among 131 Dutch bariatric patients, divided into two groups: an intervention group (93 patients who had undergone MWR) and a control group (38 patients who had not undergone MWR). HR-QoL was assessed by the validated BODY-q questionnaire. The sign test was used to measure the difference between the 0 and 12 months' measurements of HR-QoL in both groups, whereas multiple regression analysis was conducted to assess whether undergoing MWR significantly predicted participants' incremental HR-QoL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Whereas the intervention group showed a significance improvement on all parameters of the BODY-q between 0 and 12 months (all parameters <i>p</i> < .001), the control group did not. The multiple regression analysis showed that having undergone a MWR significantly and positively predicted incremental HR-QoL on all scales on the BODY-q (all parameters <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study suggests a positive impact of MWR on the HR-QoL of bariatric patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12244,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141999673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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