FEMS microbiology reviews最新文献_第5页

From biogenesis to host modulation: the expanding biology of oral streptococcal membrane vesicles. 从生物发生到宿主调节：口腔链球菌膜泡的扩展生物学。

IF 16.9 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuag049

Sebastian Aguayo, Camila Leiva-Sabadini, Paula Saavedra, Davis Thalhuber, Emily Helliwell, Justin Merritt, Jens Kreth

{"title":"From biogenesis to host modulation: the expanding biology of oral streptococcal membrane vesicles.","authors":"Sebastian Aguayo, Camila Leiva-Sabadini, Paula Saavedra, Davis Thalhuber, Emily Helliwell, Justin Merritt, Jens Kreth","doi":"10.1093/femsre/fuag049","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsre/fuag049","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial extracellular membrane vesicles (bEVs) provide fundamental biological functions through communication, ecological adaptation, and mediation of host interactions. Gram-positive oral streptococci were long considered to be incapable of bEVs production due to their thick peptidoglycan. In contrast, recent advances in imaging, biochemical isolation, and multi-omics profiling have revealed that bEVs production is common and may represent a general trait of streptococci. This review summarizes current research on the biogenesis, cargo composition, and functional roles of bEVs, with an emphasis on oral streptococcal vesicles and their contributions to oral microbial ecology and host responses. We highlight methodological innovations for isolation and characterization of bEVs that have led to the discovery of species-specific bEVs cargo. Functionally, bEVs participate in diverse biological activities, including horizontal gene transfer, antimicrobial peptide delivery, virulence and redox modulation, and they profoundly influence host immunity by modulating cytokine signaling, epithelial barrier function, and immune pathways. Emerging evidence further suggests active roles in polymicrobial biofilm development and systemic dissemination of microbial signals relevant to health and disease. By integrating biochemical, structural, ecological, and immunological perspectives, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of streptococcal and Gram-positive bEVs research and discusses its translational potential to support oral and general health.","PeriodicalId":12201,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbiology reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13625189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148976359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Type IV secretion systems: reconciling diversity through a unified nomenclature. IV型分泌系统：通过统一的命名法调和多样性。

IF 16.9 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaf069

Peter J Christie, Gabriel Waksman, Ronnie Per-Arne Berntsson, Nicolas Soler, Nathalie Leblond-Bourget, Badreddine Douzi

{"title":"Type IV secretion systems: reconciling diversity through a unified nomenclature.","authors":"Peter J Christie, Gabriel Waksman, Ronnie Per-Arne Berntsson, Nicolas Soler, Nathalie Leblond-Bourget, Badreddine Douzi","doi":"10.1093/femsre/fuaf069","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsre/fuaf069","url":null,"abstract":"Type IV secretion systems (T4SS) are versatile nanomachines responsible for the transfer of DNA and proteins across cell envelopes. From their ancestral role in conjugation, these systems have diversified into a superfamily with functions ranging from horizontal gene transfer to the delivery of toxins to eukaryotic and prokaryotic hosts. Recent structural and functional studies have uncovered unexpected architectural variations not only among Gram-negative systems but also between Gram-negative and Gram-positive systems. Despite this diversity, a conserved set of core proteins is maintained across the superfamily. To facilitate cross-system comparisons, we propose in this review a unified nomenclature for conserved T4SS subunits found in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive systems. We further highlight conserved and divergent mechanistic and architectural principles across bacterial lineages, and we discuss the diversity of emerging T4SSs whose unique structures and functions expand our understanding of this highly adaptable secretion superfamily.","PeriodicalId":12201,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbiology reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12857230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145862513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interactions between extracellular vesicles and viruses: lessons learned across species and kingdoms. 细胞外囊泡和病毒之间的相互作用：跨物种和王国的经验教训。

IF 16.9 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuag028

Kyra Defourny, Paola Xhelili, İkbal Agah Ince, Fabrizio Cillo, Karolina Sapoń, Tadeusz Janas, Guy Smagghe, Erinda Lika, Amy H Buck, Esther Nolte-'t Hoen, Kriton Kalantidis, Konstantina Katsarou

{"title":"Interactions between extracellular vesicles and viruses: lessons learned across species and kingdoms.","authors":"Kyra Defourny, Paola Xhelili, İkbal Agah Ince, Fabrizio Cillo, Karolina Sapoń, Tadeusz Janas, Guy Smagghe, Erinda Lika, Amy H Buck, Esther Nolte-'t Hoen, Kriton Kalantidis, Konstantina Katsarou","doi":"10.1093/femsre/fuag028","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsre/fuag028","url":null,"abstract":"Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous nanoparticles released by cells that help shape the extracellular environment, remove cellular waste, and mediate cell-to-cell communication. Their release is ubiquitous across kingdoms, species, and cell types, highlighting their functional importance. Nearly as evolutionarily widespread and heterogeneous is the release of viruses, which have evolved to co-opt the host's cellular machinery to facilitate their replication and spread within all branches of life. Nearly all viruses, enveloped or not, repurpose EVs to modulate infection dynamics, while EVs also play a crucial role in the host's response to infection. This review explores the interplay between EVs and viruses across the phylogenetic diversity of virus species. We urge virologists and EV biologists to look beyond a single infection model and learn from the unique concepts and shared commonalities observed between close, as well as distantly related viruses, whether they infect mammals, vertebrates, insects, plants, bacteria, or more. To facilitate these efforts, we provide a comprehensive, taxonomical overview of the current knowledge regarding DNA and RNA virus families, and discuss recurring motifs in EV release and function during infection.","PeriodicalId":12201,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbiology reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13348255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148307854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Limitations and safety aspects related to the use of bacteriophages in food production. 有关在食品生产中使用噬菌体的限制和安全方面。

IF 16.9 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuag002

Angelika Roth, Charles M A P Franz, Stefan Hertwig, Thomas Holzhauser, Christian Hertel, Hans-Ulrich Humpf, Karl-Heinz Engel, Uwe Schwarzenbolz, Oliver Schlüter, Henry Jäger, Kemal Aganovic, Volker Heinz

引用次数: 0

Plant cell walls as a key driver of plant-pathogen coevolution. 植物细胞壁是植物与病原体共同进化的关键驱动因素。

IF 16.9 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuag023

Cristian Carrasco-López, Sergio López-Cobos, Andrea Sánchez-Vallet

引用次数: 0

Precision microbiome medicine and therapeutics: the enabling role of in vitro gut models. 精密微生物组医学和治疗：体外肠道模型的启用作用。

IF 16.9 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuag038

Zhan Huang, Siew C Ng, Harry Sokol, Nathalie Rolhion

{"title":"Precision microbiome medicine and therapeutics: the enabling role of in vitro gut models.","authors":"Zhan Huang, Siew C Ng, Harry Sokol, Nathalie Rolhion","doi":"10.1093/femsre/fuag038","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsre/fuag038","url":null,"abstract":"The human gut microbiome exhibits profound interindividual variability, challenging the efficacy of generalized interventions and underscoring the need for precision approaches to microbiome-associated diseases. Such strategies require comprehensive, individualized assessment of microbial ecosystems and their functional responses, an objective that remains difficult to achieve in vivo. In vitro gut models offer a promising alternative, maintaining personalized microbial communities in controlled environments and enabling detailed investigation of microbiome dynamics. Complementary microbe-host co-culture systems incorporating human cells further permit mechanistic interrogation of host responses to microbial stimuli. Together, these integrated platforms offer a translational framework for developing tailored therapeutics. In this Perspective, we examine how in vitro gut models can advance microbiome-based personalized medicine, discuss key determinants of therapeutic variability, and outline the relevance, limitations, and future directions of these systems in designing targeted, more effective interventions.","PeriodicalId":12201,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbiology reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13495793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148668787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hybrid histidine kinases shape the architecture of the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway: from Saccharomyces cerevisiae to the priority pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus and other filamentous fungi. 杂化组氨酸激酶塑造高渗透压甘油（HOG）通路的结构：从酿酒酵母到优先病原体烟曲霉和其他丝状真菌。

IF 16.9 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuag037

Sebastian Schruefer, Yanning Hu, Frank Ebel

{"title":"Hybrid histidine kinases shape the architecture of the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway: from Saccharomyces cerevisiae to the priority pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus and other filamentous fungi.","authors":"Sebastian Schruefer, Yanning Hu, Frank Ebel","doi":"10.1093/femsre/fuag037","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsre/fuag037","url":null,"abstract":"The high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway enables adaptation to hyperosmotic and other environmental stresses. This review highlights key differences between the pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and in filamentous fungi, focusing on the major pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. In the multistep phosphorelay of the HOG pathway, stress signals are detected by hybrid histidine kinases (HHKs). According to the current model, HHKs function as kinases under nonstress conditions to maintain phosphorylation of downstream relay components. Upon stress exposure, their activity decreases or may switch to phosphatase activity, resulting in dephosphorylation of the relay. This change ultimately activates the downstream MAP kinase cascade, creating an inverse relationship between phosphorylation and signaling output in the two sections of the pathway. Fungi differ markedly in their HHK repertoire, ranging from a single HHK in S. cerevisiae to multiple functionally distinct HHKs in filamentous fungi. This review examines how this diversity has shaped the organization of the multistep phosphorelay and its integration into the HOG pathway. We summarize current knowledge of HHK function across fungal species, discuss why the multistep phosphorelay represents an Achilles' heel for fungi, and consider how the spatial organization of HOG pathway components influences signaling and how HHK repertoires may have diversified across the fungal kingdom.","PeriodicalId":12201,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbiology reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13452588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148668752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional, structural, and taxonomical diversity of glycoside transporters in bacteria. 细菌中糖苷转运体的功能、结构和分类多样性。

IF 16.9 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuag040

Zhi Wang, Alexandra S Tauzin, Nicolas Terrapon, Matthieu Arlat, Xiaoqian Li, Gabrielle Potocki-Veronese, Aurore Labourel

{"title":"Functional, structural, and taxonomical diversity of glycoside transporters in bacteria.","authors":"Zhi Wang, Alexandra S Tauzin, Nicolas Terrapon, Matthieu Arlat, Xiaoqian Li, Gabrielle Potocki-Veronese, Aurore Labourel","doi":"10.1093/femsre/fuag040","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsre/fuag040","url":null,"abstract":"Glycoside metabolization is a crucial function in bacteria and a key feature in fermentation and synthetic biology. To feed on various glycosides with complex structures, bacteria have developed very diverse mechanisms to recognize, transport, and degrade them. Despite their crucial role, transporters are hard to identify and study due to challenges in expressing membrane proteins in recombinant form and the fact that most bacteria are uncultivable. In this review, we present the available methods and technologies for identifying and characterizing bacterial glycoside transporters. We consolidate existing knowledge on experimentally validated glycoside transporters from different families, including TonB-dependent transporters, ATP-binding cassette transporters, the phosphotransferase system, and the major facilitator superfamily, highlighting their taxonomic, functional, mechanistic, and structural diversity. The disparity between the number of functionally characterized glycoside transporters and the vast amount of sequence data available underlines the need for more efficient approaches to determine their specificity and to better understand the molecular mechanisms of glycoside utilization in bacteria.","PeriodicalId":12201,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbiology reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13543919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148879609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tat-dependent protein translocation and its evolution. 塔特依赖蛋白易位及其进化。

IF 16.9 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuag052

Thomas Brüser, Carsten Sanders

{"title":"Tat-dependent protein translocation and its evolution.","authors":"Thomas Brüser, Carsten Sanders","doi":"10.1093/femsre/fuag052","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsre/fuag052","url":null,"abstract":"The Tat system is a general translocation machinery responsible for the transport of folded proteins across biological membranes that are energized by a proton or sodium motive force. Protein substrates are characterized by usually amino-terminal signal peptides harboring a conserved twin-arginine sequence motif. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that a Tat system was already present in the last universal common ancestor. Today, Tat systems are found in bacteria, archaea, and bacteria-derived organelles. Minimally, Tat systems are composed of one TatC-family component and one TatA/B-family component, with multiple copies of these components forming the functional translocon, while more complex Tat systems exist that require additional homologs of TatA/B or TatC. Due to its ability to translocate folded proteins with bound cofactors, the Tat system is essential for a wide range of important physiological pathways, such as many anaerobic respirations or photosynthesis. With a focus on evolutionary aspects, and by including recent structural and mechanistic insights, we herein review our current knowledge on this mechanistically unique translocation pathway.","PeriodicalId":12201,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbiology reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13673990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149016063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From gene-for-gene to NLRome-for-effectorome: decoding the dynamic interplay between phytopathogenic effector networks and plant immune systems. 从基因对基因到nlome对效应组：解读植物致病效应网络与植物免疫系统之间的动态相互作用。

IF 16.9 2区生物学

FEMS microbiology reviews Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuag019

Bingbing Xue, David S Guttman, Lifang Ruan

{"title":"From gene-for-gene to NLRome-for-effectorome: decoding the dynamic interplay between phytopathogenic effector networks and plant immune systems.","authors":"Bingbing Xue, David S Guttman, Lifang Ruan","doi":"10.1093/femsre/fuag019","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsre/fuag019","url":null,"abstract":"Phytopathogenic bacteria rely on type III effectors to suppress host immunity and facilitate colonization. While necessary for virulence, effectors can also trigger effector-triggered immunity (ETI) if hosts have appropriate NLR immune receptors, resulting in a coevolutionary arms races driving high diversity in both the pathogen \"effectorome\" and the host \"NLRome.\" Here, we synthesize current knowledge of effectoromes into an \"interconnected module model\", that emphasizes how functional redundancy among effectors organizes them into modules targeting shared host processes; how low target specificity creates interconnections between these modules; how effector-effector interactions can modify infection outcomes; and how the cumulative presence of multiple ETI-eliciting effectors within a repertoire generates an overall ETI load that constrains pathogen fitness. This systems-level perspective reframes the classical gene-for-gene model into a dynamic NLRome-effectorome model characterized by quantitative ETI responses whose magnitude and ultimate outcome is a dynamic balance between ETI load and suppression. Advancing disease resistance requires strategies that exploit this equilibrium, including rational stacking of NLRs targeting core, conserved effectors. Such approaches highlight the potential of network-based frameworks for designing durable, broad-spectrum crop immunity.","PeriodicalId":12201,"journal":{"name":"FEMS microbiology reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13201068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147971816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0